PACTCALpAGNIC CHEMISTPY

dentiiai s,N, x , 3 , 3 ,
reMP Test
funciore
com pouels

LDEN TI FICATION

LASSAGNES TEST (9x

SoDHUMfisicn EsT
a albE
oranic Compeund

punged n o

Pec
org aniANa Hot
cmpa edex
Special s ue
+ule breas)
CPYe ue (4es
iHered
iterote
Sodiowm +usjo

Eyract

DETECTIONN OF N
Na CN
Lexcess
CmP
¢NeN Sceio w y a Y midE)
SronA

is used o peventomatio n o a , NCN

e
easer
Since detectien rem C

Na CN (C o, siveo byydraly cis)

NOE Na CN
Fe S4 Fesou

1 H , Alveila) previde
¥al Fe F]
CFe (C 3 Prussian blue
Coerial erd)

here omy rt afe Fe ST i rmed

Hso
t qas Sssoved. ese imid

okuoFe ce e Fe
Fe [Fe lC), a m peri
Hko acidi ficaticn Ht chol
TrUce lan 5ve
c a ,else fe d qreen) sll be fee
Na CN
a Soduion
pa nito loeuzaldehy de ottho dinito
oe # e ne

No
u n e n a d d e d

del t he sod usson etact na V

hen

o r ms deep blwe Cdourahen

DETECTION OF
S o d .h i r o

og cwmpd
NaS P r u s s i d e

Cdtcn co
H PbCCH Coo
Os)
Cas
Na CFe Cen
PoS s o d i u wM nitroS
yelleu fP
ro Hen eg eloc Prussd

vio let / pu ple

sme
mis
cescour
campiex.

very sta ble

de CNer avme

S N PeEsENT
F BOTH organiC Compound

inseiend
is usec
siciew+
N a s u s e d
Na SCN

( Sod. 4hio cyaw B ecD seln.

Na,S +Na

Fe s SocdPed slour

Fe, LEeCena
FeS Rron u e P.&lue
coleut)

Blac
BlecE
Fes wa s
Blac
lole doecn+7
Apoy hee ting J
Rrussia Blve
sevee
dN
sho wP,
isvisioeneud
 DETECTIoN OF X
org Cmpd

Na Br Na
Nad
NOay) Agsa
AC Cahide ) ABr Cmi ld yella) Aa CYellb

Ag H),)a spArinaly in soly lble iy

selu lde in n ta
Seu e

NOTE
NaF Ca aF Nos CP
Cunile
F As
HALOGENs PPESENT LAYEP TEST

LooH -sl f Nad, NaBY, NaI

No I
NO To
HNo S mid oidisM wi v
Ane oy 1 can aoe to
ether y er owo
oe oridised

Coo PrOVae H t ethe r \yec

ronce edo
vou hs ether
yer rerove.d and res
eher
1ye s addec

-ethex
Plo
CHccoH
L2 net resent

B migte to ethev oyer inp

ed sish oranae coleur
 out loy addi g
le
AgNO
Ac °3
NeCl Ag
wite

PETECTION OF P
smell awmt o P t is
during Sad fusion a
Lich ic Hese by He f e
eting bevaied,
produe black colou
u Ag
weistee
(silver phosphide)
matOn
e
Cediu m phosphate)

raanic
POu

Na PO
(NH2MoO4
amwoniom mely bdate
ok
Cconc: presev a n wolyb date

23H 3NH,
12M 4
HPO

(ruH4), LP(M, G4
Canery elleu ep
 TONCTIONAL POUS
UNSATURATED (C=c) BoDS

solvent
ciRu dio xane
H, ct da

suH decolouYation
B r Ctedish o ranne )
Coution aldoses aso deceleurise

BAYEPS TEST
EMnO, Na,co
Mn
CBkc-rosn)
ic d

resut Purpe reslour disappsars b b c k lorown Pp

EST To DIST INGDSH BT TERMINAL S

NEN TER MInAL ALEYNES

Usia Tollens reoge

P-cEC-H
awwowMca\

R-cE A ser Akynide

AN Lshste
-L 4 Cu2
NHoH
CBrenze)

TEST FP ALPYL s ARYL HALIDES

BELSTEIN TEST
SNre

cooaied uih tro duced

Green edaed
ALy/Ary a lide into lame avne

una
t a revvoval oVlide ion leout Cohion isaramati
is oohG Wes.
me
NO
TES T AO HoL

6RoH+
alali RoM H2
metal CM)

coiatory acids wl ive

CAN TEST

Rel ce (N) RGH

(OM Ce Cnuo)
Ped ta
A m o n iuw ihee
Cec
uns
alole
is
(omplex
Colou remains only

loo
foeM TET

olcovel av

iodotoY
Cyellouret)

Not a test
CHd3 Cleaaa
sol

NaOCR oridisn anent

aboIt*R

N a OC ¥I
HOI oH

NaD cH
H is lo
Iedine olu lbi t y
NOTE storea in I
is
st Brous g)

tesT
LUCAS alceha
dis i nquich lot
,
Hest to

Co HC anhy Z
-reaaeni:
o s alkyl hlaide
Caocation vnec hais
wwcediate
aive
AK
id ty
G-10 wims
awe tto idiy a t
o ge t r loidi
ty
 TEST fOR PHENDLS
feric Chleride Tes
Naxhal
Fe CMs)]
vCva
FeCks violert

eserci no

-creso violet /Le

Ch
P-cesol

w-cre se

Catechel
qeev become dar ker
ate Some me)

NO couY
-mapm 2-vapthe
D-napha -ha ptn)

Phalein est
Phenee Pthalie anhydridet M,o
PinE
u) Sao
Cauivioid
Pheno pthalein )

Coevnieo loenziro id form)

crtno -cxesol
red
mea tresol
uis pur ple
paxa-ccssl o colour
Coxtechol blue ateren me
resoiano twro Scend
reen
t wwe due Yed
 TEST FOR ALPEHYDES erces
FEH LNGS TeEST

A
tehlia5s
Rochelle sat
Fehlings ae soln. of haate)
Polossium tar
Sedi unw
a l i p h a s t e
Brick ed

aldey des C Cu,o)

BENE aCTS TES

aq. Cu S o
Beredi&
A
Sodiuy potaselm
Benedit
B alE. se
A t r a t e

Orange Ped
Compound
Ccu)
ha ehligs
dense o
orms
Ben edicts
louy
6Ymo tton
enedcs Complex
i o
tehkngs
ic Yedues we
2 tFes p \ACe
Cn

chave

alE medio
Yo

eneraly

i ust aE
ea

Comp e jormetio

i eling H

C u A Pochelle

Salt 4

direfon
e for I u Complex )
eom
Cu
vlesc b 3et
cowe

aveuoered
vee ests is
-ydey
e
ones, rmic ced
aliphaiC aldeyes
hemiaceBn ls hydra Zi,hyd rey| amlne
ScFF TEsST
Coe ealourisina
Soh esiprepared
ide otm S°2 or)
a so
P-sanilne hy cdochlor
(sod Sal phie
PINE
resbre-he calcAY Prosoniline
all adehydes vyochere
d o vo. a c
ve loves

2.4 DNPIH TEST

BRADYS PEhGENNT
all ves pond this tesa
allehydes ke tones
caour:

Yello

ToLEN TST
Tollens S

essn Yesuts in rma Tion

dor brOn Tis is
dissd ve
NHHH e e s u Hing sln. i
Tales Teo

Ineerence Compoun len

(SLver mirox)

wis ae is
aiven
aldey des, dpKy e lone ormjc aci d

vemiacetal dkatine hydeyl amino

N a HSo TEST (dium s u e hite test

l aldehy des, all ethy ke lenes me cyclic es

resqond NaHS test

2Tnpevenceoddn.p dwct e formed hich is a
Cryctallime sat aviva sharp me t
 TesT oR CARBOAY uc ACID

Bis teryescevce uoit Nalco or

NazCo
(scce c02
or
No Co
vce th a Hs02
G 2
Brisk evese

Sa H Co
2 ccoH ,
PccoH
a
H So

ESTEe F1CATIoN TST

ierication PoH s
Fischer
Sueet svnellig
cooH
ester

UTMUS PYlimi hary e

red
due

FoR AMINS
TET
CAeBL AMNE TEST
AMINE
FoR 1 PNC eul seli)
CHA+ B
Cisocyande)

No NO+ttClR

aine N
ali p ahc (etfervesevee)

(etterveeYce) (mevolic rder

yellots 6ily ui
2 am ine CN- ro So Amiwe
P -NO

no cvaccketishc chonp
3ame

Napthel teat
NN-

O Pvap th (Scar le
Sye)
tseER 1 TEST Mustardsi
T disthnquish o , 2 , 2 amiv Copt)
 TeST FCP NITR PCUP
MoLIKENS TEST
Tolle ne Aa
-NO2 Z-H PHOH (eoae (Ner witTor

CAPBO Hy DPATE
TEST FOP
MoLIS CH
Conc

Soln. f arshy àaie e p violet

alcovelic solutiov

oVepth

TEST TO
DSTINGUISH MONO
E SACCHAPI DDE
BAP FOED` ST
veoaent Cupnc aetrie in CHCooH

Mono SacevaYees
CBrick red)

disancchatid e 7Jekes leraer iwme forw a

TEST To DSTIAUISH
ETOSES oseS
CBEL JANOF TeST
ocisitjed
reaent: oreind:

ketone:OSe Y e d celcn

etD pentose ace lue

-qeen celour
aldoee ss ake lonaer tme.

OBr/t,o TeT
adeses ecoleurise Br/Ho
keto p s de ott

TEsT STAPet+

Starch odine elue colour

Awny oie esronei de or

 EST F6P PPo TEIN

si SOL BupeT TesT

Compouvwds havin wand S
Pep Hd
e (om Pe* wh ick is viclef cdoute
w
o i ur e h e :
- - s - -H2

compe

uialef.

DPIN
TEST
NIN Hy
ACID
-

AMINO
FOR
amimo Cd

R
PAYple
eumams

-violet)
niny drin CBue
h y d r e e

TEIN
TESt
THo PPo
XAN
Yellouw colou
Conc. HNU
tve preein )
CXan
T e cius

allbumi 1oM asH

Protein) e drops
(aouT

a wni
awwwe acd
me ee
etver
rous \he
the
phoPotein
avomahc

Umdergo aov
Hh conc. HNO2 .

hese dei vetiVes

s a t s s proteins havin abmaHe

onswced y
test i
Ao
 SEPAR ATION
BINARY MTUPES

aqaH50
eter H er Hcho

SeeveovHung uwvel (AS) i ehe

s H So2
n eler
. ayer Ete yerCA
(e) derive hve
1 ) cdd elher
ieler -) w Ca)

ether ayer
C evAP

e+e
evaporatien

freshe4he

ether
evopox tion

CooH

er

(A)in ather
NaH CO

(A) ever ( ) sal

add eher
evop 2) H1

Pin ethey
enp
B)
 ot

-ether ani unium i n

ete
&+ in eiev Ch +9) i
HC

CA) i e i n o r
Ay S a l t o
(B)in ether d d etre
ndede ther
a)olt
cvaP
ethe
A) ethe 1oy °r
eu

aniline 2- nep tho

contins
4-mety
ne
A mixture
3
dinito en Ee
3-chlero benzoc acidA md

sep
metved
S t a i red
The ollowing

nd lHer (s}ep-1)
add H

Pesi due
Herate
add . NaoH CStep 2)

PesicdUe
Compouvd
Heced e
addy Hc
l r Cstep
poundx
Pesi due

w
Hecade Com pound
X C

Compoundy

cthz

CAY be i t e r cvarged.
e rene step 2 E3
3-chloto bevm2oic ocA
Y
Are
4 e*hyl
aniine , 3 dinitro benzene vesp
WE
ASO cwtains amio oenoie ccid
or na wi* 4
Presewt i the t e r ate dstep 4 .
l e