Coding & Decoding What is Coding-Decoding? A Code’ is a system of conveying a message through symbols/signals. It is a method of sending a message between sender and the receiver in such a way that only the sender and the receiver can know its mean- ing. However ‘Coding’ is done according a certain pattern in the mind of the sender. Therefore, its meaning can be deciphered by a third person if he/she carefully studies this pattern. This process is called ‘Decoding’. ‘This capability is important in many fields of application. The ‘Coding- Decoding’ test is set up to judge your ability to decipher the pattern which goes behind a coded message or statement. There are different types of coding: A. LETTER CODING Each letter is coded and represented by another letter based on some logic. For example, if ‘A’ is coded as ‘Band ‘M’ will be coded as ‘N’, then the logic is “The letter is coded as the letter that succeeds it in the set of Alphabets”. SCSI as [ee fs | LTB) 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 TYPES: 1 KITE is coded as NLWH. MOTOR is coded as OQVQT. JAMES is coded as FWIAO. et T FEF Me OF T © GR Tie Mi S Beeess 5343 #09 421 42 42-92) 4-4 mL wu Of Ol Y Om Be We 2 Ws PASO) ‘There is a constant difference.coded as KLNZ. 2. PILE is coded as QKOI. MO! Pog MO!) Ree 21S ea 4 BS Ge Oe Kye Ne There is a gradual increase in the difference. 3. HOUR is coded as FQST. NEST is coded as OCVP. H oO U R N E s ay <2) ag nD spp FE Ou s ae: oO Cc Ve e Addition and Subtraction are alternately performed. 4. BALD is coded as CEUT. VASE is coded as TEKU. B A L D ven s E +1 +4 4916 2 +4 8 +16 c E U Ti i E K U Note: Any number series can be used here, as letters are being converted to numerical values. 5. WISH is coded as DRHS. PLAIN is coded as KOZRM. The algorithm used is:- AU EB a Cr DDE es Pea Cea ae alka aa P2 OG ESB a Be ed a oo SOS Any letter in Row 1 will be substituted with the corresponding letter in Row 2 and vice versa. B. NUMERICAL CODING In these questions, numerical values are assigned to each alphabet. ‘There are three types of such questions Important types of questions: 1. SISTER is coded as 535901 and UNCLE as 84670. Then, RUSTIC will be written as 185936. Silas) aE aR UN Cy, died: aid thugl, ba sboree wrt S 3 5 2 (ia 8 4 6 7 0 RGU ES oy Igy Cc Ye1a y joy DP asrais( 019" 3G Each letter has a corresponding digit. 2. MARINE is coded as 293610. ROMAN is coded as 92173. TE} is coded as 6932. What is the code for MORE? Nii cored ai2952068, MAINHere, it is not in the same order. Let us try and decode this. MARINE = 293610 ROMAN = 92173 TERRAIN = 2932068 => R = 2 MAIN = 6931 Common letters and numbers of MARINE and ROMAN: M, A, R, N and 2, 9, 3, 1 =O = 7 [che only letter and number left out in ROMAN]. Common letters and numbers of MARINE and TERRAIN: A, R, I, N, B and 2, 9, 3, 6, 0 ©. M = 1 [the only letter and number left out in MARINE]. umbers of MARINE and MAIN: M, A, I, N and 9, 3, 6, 1 = RE = 20, bat we Common letters and m know that R = 2 => E = 0. Hence, MORE = 1720. [as it is the only letter that appears twice] 3. DROWN = 2, LAUNDRY = 5, RAISE = 7. ‘Then, STELLAR = ? DROWN D=4,R = 18, O = 15, W = 23, N = 14 So,4+18 +15 +23 + 14 = 74 =37+4=21l21+1=2 LAUNDRY L=12,A=1,U=21,N = 14,D=4,R= 18, Y = 25 So, 12+1+21+14+4+ 18+ 25 =95 39+5=14514+4=5 aE =18,A=1,1-=9,S-=19,E=5 So, 18 +1+94+19+5=52 (3542-7 =19,T = 20,E=5,L = 12,A=1,R= 18 19+ 20+5+12+12+1+ 18 = 87 8+7=1551+5=6 =6