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Tutorial Sheet 10

The document is a tutorial sheet containing 8 questions related to quantum mechanics. It covers topics like the significance and properties of wave functions, operators, eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. It includes questions on particle behavior in infinite potential wells and boxes, calculating probabilities and expectation values, and properties of stationary states.

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dineshazm83
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58 views

Tutorial Sheet 10

The document is a tutorial sheet containing 8 questions related to quantum mechanics. It covers topics like the significance and properties of wave functions, operators, eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. It includes questions on particle behavior in infinite potential wells and boxes, calculating probabilities and expectation values, and properties of stationary states.

Uploaded by

dineshazm83
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial Sheet-10 (Physics-1, 15B11PH111)

(Odd semester, 2022-2023)

Q. 1 (a) What is the significance of wave function?


(b) What are the properties of a wave function?
(c) Define an operator, eigen function and eigen values.
(d) Write few applications of tunnel diode? [CO1]
Q.2 (a) Which among the following functions represent physically acceptable wave
functions: (i) f (x) =3 sin π x; (ii) g(x) = 4 -| x| ;( iii) h2(x) = 5x, and (iv) e(x)=
x2

(b) A particle is confined in a one dimensional infinite potential box of length ‘l’
ranging from -l/2≤x≤l/2. Prove that the probability of finding the electron at x=0
in maximum at ground state while zero for first excited state.

(c)Show that irrespective of the energy state, the average momentum of a


particle in a one dimensional infinite potential box of length l ranging from 0 ≤ x ≤
l is zero. [CO2]

Q.3 The ground state wave function of a particle of mass m is given by Ψ(x) = exp (–
a2x4/4), with energy ħ2α2/m. What is the potential in which the particle moves?
[CO3]

Q.4 The Hamiltonian operator of a system is H = – (d2/dx2) + x2. Show that Nx exp (–
x2/2) is an eigen function of H and determine the eigen value. Also evaluate N by
normalization of the function. [CO3]

Q.5 Consider the wave function Ψ(x) = A exp (-x2/a2) exp (ikx); where A is a real
constant: (i) Find the value of A; (ii) calculate <p> for this wave function.
[CO3]

Q.6 Consider a particle of mass m moving in a one dimensional potential specified by


V(x) = 0 for -2a ≤ x ≤ 2a; & ∞ elsewhere. Find the energy eigen values and eigen
functions. [CO3]

Q.7 For an electron in a one-dimensional infinite potential well of width 1 Å, calculate


(i) the separation between the two lowest energy levels; (ii) the frequency and
wavelength of the photon corresponding to a transition between these two levels;
and (iii) in what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is this
frequency/wavelength? [CO4]

Q.8 An alpha particle is trapped in a nucleus of radius 1.4 ×10–15 m. What is the
probability that it will escape from the nucleus if its energy is 2 MeV? The potential
barrier at the surface of the nucleus is 4 MeV and the mass of the α-particle =
6.64 × 10–27 kg. [CO4]
Extra Problems for Practice (Self Study)
1. There are four wave function as shown below in the region x>0. Indicate for each
wave function whether the wave function is an acceptable or unacceptable wave
function for an actual physical system. If the wave function is not acceptable, explain
why?

2. An electron in a one-dimensional infinite potential well, defined by V(x) = 0 for –a ≤


x ≤ a; and V(x) = ∞ otherwise, goes from the n = 4 to the n = 2 level. The
frequency of the emitted photon is 3.43 × 1014 Hz. Find the width of the box.
[Ans: 1.784 nm]
3. A particle of mass m trapped in the potential V(x) = 0 for –a ≤ x ≤ a; and V(x) = ∞
otherwise. Evaluate the probability of finding the trapped particle between x = 0 and
x = a/n when it is in the nth state. [Ans: 1/n]
4. The wave function of a particle confined in a box of length a is

Calculate the probability of finding the particle in the region 0 < x < a/2.
[Ans: 1/2]
5. A 1 eV electron got trapped inside the surface of a metal. If the potential barrier is
4.0 eV and the width of the barrier is 2 Å, calculate the probability of its
transmission.
[Ans: 0.085]
6. Calculate the expectation values of position <x> and of the momentum <p> for
ground and first excited state of the particle trapped in the one-dimensional infinite
potential box of length ‘l ‘. [Ans: <x>=1/2; <p>=0]
1/4 2
7. A particle is in a state |Ψ> = (1/π) exp (–x /2). Find ∆x and ∆px. Hence evaluate
the uncertainty product (∆x) (∆px). [Ans: ħ/2]
8. For a one-dimensional bound particle, show that
𝑑 ∞
(i) 𝛹∗ 𝑥, 𝑡 𝛹 𝑥, 𝑡 𝑑𝑥 = 0, Ψ need not be a stationary state.
𝑑𝑡 −∞

(ii) If the particle is in a stationary state at a given time, then it will always remain
in a stationary state.

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