planning make it work well for projects in which quality control is a major concern.(Govardhan,
September 2010).It would be an android based application with cloud
storageLanguage : JavaDatabase : MS SQL SERVER 2005
 
IDE : NetBeans
 9.0
 
THESIS ORGANIZATION
This project report is subdivided into five chapters.
1.
 
Introduction
This is a preview of the project, stating the problem to be solved by the project
2.
 
Literature Review
This chapter reviews the previous research that has been carried out in crim
3.
 
System Design and Methodology
In this chapter the project system is analyzed with the use of different modellingtools
4.
 
System Implementation
This chapter focuses on implementing and testing the system
5.
 
Recommendations and Conclusion
After the successful implementation of this project, this chapter gives an insight intofuture work
that can be done to improve this application
10.0
 
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Cloud: Is a metaphor used for the internetCloud computing: is a type of internet-based
computing, where different services-such as
storage, servers and applications are delivered to an organization’s computers and devices
through the internetCrime: A normative definition views crime as deviant behavior that violates
prevailingnorms
 – 
 cultural standards prescribing how humans ought to behave normally
 
Criminalization: One can view criminalization as a procedure deployed by society as a pre-
emptive, harm-reduction device, using the threat of punishment as a deterrent to
anyone proposing to engage in the behavior causing harm.DIG: Deputy Inspector GeneralFCID:
Force Criminal Investigation Department (FCID) is the highest investigation arm ofthe Nigeria
Police NPF.IGP: Inspector General of PoliceInternet
 – 
 A computer network consisting of a worldwide network of computers NPF: Nigerian Police
force
CONCLUSION
The automated system that has been developed will facilitate the keeping of records ofcrimes
committed for future references. It would also keep record of criminals. If adopted, itwill be
difficult for criminals to elude the authorities. And it will be easier for the authoritiesto
apprehend and convict criminals. Also, the criminal information will be readily accessibleto the
police officials as it is stored on the cloud. This system enhances proper
and efficientmanagement of criminal records by the NPF thereby helping in making
informed decisionsand improving reliability thus improving law enforcement operations. This
results in lowercrime rate in the country thereby increasing national security.
 
REFERENCES
[1] Sohnen, E. 2012.
 Paying for Crime: A Review of the Relationships between Insecurityand Development in Mexico
and Central America
.[2]
Madden, P. and W.H. Chiu. 1998. “Burglary and Income Inequality”.
 Journal of Public Economics
. 69:123-141.[3] Drygajlo, A. 2010.
 Forensic Voice Comparison and Forensic Acoustics
.[4]
Imrohoroglu, A., A. Merlo, and P. Rupert. 2006. “Understanding the Determinants ofCrime”.
 Journal of Economics and Finance
. 30(2):270
 – 
 283.[5] Gautam, P. and S.G. Sharma. 2011.
Touch-less Fingerprint Recognition System at Airports
.[6]
Hiew, B.Y., A.B.J. Teoh, and Y.H. Pang 2007. “Digital Camera based FingerprintRecognition”.
[7] Alemika, E. 2004.
Crime and Policing in Nigeria
.[8] Rivera-Batiz, F. and L. Rivera-
Batiz. 2002. “Democracy, Participation, and EconomicDevelopment: An Introduction”.
 Review of Development Economics
. 6(2)”135
-150.[9]
Krkoska, L. and K. Robeck. 2006. “The Impact of Crime on the Enterprise Sector:
Transition versus Non-
Transition Countries”. EBRD Working Paper No.97.
[10] Ash, H.S. 1971
 Police Authority and the Rights of Individual 
.[11]
 
INTRODUCTION
In Nigeria, our law enforcement agencies are being run in manual form, nothing has changed or
upgraded from inception. But crime itself is evolving, criminals are changing techniques, the
government needs to make changes in the approach of tracking criminals in order to curb these
crimes before they are committed. Rules and regulations are paramount to all aspects of life and
it accommodates both how one wishes to live, and how others should accommodate one’s
lifestyle. (Mubaraka, Jirgi, & Nanyanci, 2013) Certain proponents have asserted that crime
which is a violation against laws of the society, is integral to the human nature and hence the
society can never be completely free from it. Modern society is characterized by increasing
levels of risk posed by internal and external security threats. Criminality is part and parcel of
human nature and society [1]. That is why no society can claim to be completely crime free. But
the types of criminal behavior tend to follow the pattern of social and economic development of
a given society [2]. It is therefore not unexpected that a society at a low level of development and
as Madden and Chiu (1998)mentioned, uneven distribution of income (and wealth) [3], tends to
experience an upsurge in the rate of violent crimes such as armed robbery, politically motivated
killings, the use of illegal weapons, ethnic and religious clashes and the like. What is worrisome,
however, is that the police which are meant to be the antidote to criminality appear to be getting
overwhelmed by the phenomenon [4]. The challenges to National security in Nigeria are
enormous. There is the issue of religious crisis in some states of the northern part of Nigeria,
ritual killings and kidnappings in some states of the South east and south south, sectarianclashes
in some states of the south west, bombings in the north and some states of the federation. The
police in the Nigerian state is an organization set up by the government and saddled with the
responsibility of maintaining law and order in the society, and are also responsible for preventing
and solving crimes. The aforementioned issues constitute a threat to national security, and if
not curtailed, it might escalate to a greater proportion that might plunge the country into
confusion [5]. The criminals appear to be ahead of the police such that the latter now only react
to the commission of crimes and usually after the offenders might have left the scene making
things appear as if the original emphasis on crime prevention has been completely lost [6].
Today’s era is seeking a great scope in mobile technology. This technology can be used in many
other fields and application such as Gaming, Maps, E-mail, Messaging, Photography etc. One
such area is crime tracking. Within this context, security driven by technology is increasingly
being used by government, corporate bodies and individuals to monitor and reduce risk. (Ajocict,
n.d.). Tracking is the observing of persons or objects on the move and supplying a timely ordered
sequence of respective location data to a model e.g. capable to serve for depicting the motion on
a display capability [1]. For crimes to be effectively controlled, police stations, which presently
lack a Crime Tracking Information system (CTIS) to aid their data capturing ability, should have
a system where reported crimes, where they were committed, and involving who, amongst other
information, will be recorded and stored regularly in a data base. “The police don’t have any
crime records management system. They keep their records on paper and this doesn’t help their
efficiency.
The Crime Tracking Information system (CTIS) will enable the police to have accurate statistics
to draw analysis from, on information of a case, the year a crime was committed, who investigate
edit, etc.” (Peter N., 2010). The application can be used to maintain criminals’ record. As the
criminal data is not available remotely there is a communication gap between the police officials
investigating any case. This application will be useful for the remote access of criminal data
which will be helpful for the investigations carried by police department. The database for this
project will be stored on cloud to gain remote access.

1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION

It has been acknowledged that the nearest we can get to the criminal happenings or events is the
record kept by the Police, of crimes reported to them (James N., 2010a).
The Nigerian Police Force “have a very small number of communication devices” (News
Agency of Nigeria, 1992). The use of Computers and other communication devices that will help
in keeping tracks of criminals and the various activities they engaged in, is very minimal. All
crime rates are computed from the police reports, using Nigeria's 1991 population census report
as its base (total population = 88,569,226). Generally, the definitions of the crimes are similar to
those of England. In 1989, there were 928 cases of murder reported to the police, at a rate of 1.07
per 100,000 populations. Attempts are not included. (The number and rate of reported murders
per 100,000 population for previous years, are as follows: 984, rate=1.23 (1986); 849, rate=1.04
(1987); and 838, rate=1.00 (1988)).In 1989, there were 69,454 cases of theft reported to the
police, at a rate of 80.82 per100,000 populations. Attempts are not included. (The number and
rate of reported thefts per100,000 population for previous years are as follows: 68,322,
rate=85.57 (1986); 69,767,rate=86.09 (1987); and 72,368, rate=86.73 (1988)).In 1989, there
were 1,032 cases of rape reported to the police, at a rate of 1.20 per 100,000 populations.
Attempts are not included. Date rape or the rape of a wife by her husband is nota crime. (The
number and rate of reported rapes per 100,000 population for previous years are as follows:
1,238, rate=1.55 (1986); 1,116, rate=1.37 (1987); and 963, rate=1.15 (1988)).In 1989, there were
588 cases involving drug offenses reported to the police, at a rate of .68 per 100,000 populations.
The Nigerian police annual reports have no records of crimes according to regions, states or
cities. However, it is generally known in Nigeria that property crimes are perpetrated more in the
Southern states than in the Northern states. This may be due to greater business activity in the
South (Nigeria Annual Police Report, 1986 – 1989) [4].Man by nature is social, gregarious and
cannot live in isolation. To maintain peace and harmony in the society, man has to fashion out
conduct and some laws to govern the conduct of members of the society. When people
appreciate these codes of conduct and laws, protection of lives and properties are guaranteed.
Generally tracking is the observing of persons or objects on the move and supplying a timely
ordered sequence of respective location data to a model e.g. capable to serve for depicting the
motion on a display capability The traditional and age-old system of intelligence and criminal
record maintenance has failed to live up to the requirements of the existing crime scenario.
Manual processes neither provide accurate, reliable and comprehensive data round the clock nor
does it help in trend prediction and decision support. It also results in lower productivity and
ineffective utilization of manpower. The solution to this ever-increasing problem lies in the
effective use of Information Technology. Crime Tracking Information System uses computer-
generated records as an interface for integrating and accessing massive amounts of location-
based information [5]. Crime tracking system allows police personnel to plan effectively for
emergency response, determine mitigation priorities, analyses historical events, and predict
future events. Crime tracking system helps identify potential suspects to increase investigators
suspect base when no leads are evident. The ability to access and process information quickly
while displaying it in a spatial and visual medium allows agencies to allocate resources quickly
and gather information about the criminal, location of a crime, incident, suspect, or victim is
often crucial to determine the manner and size of the response. Crime tracking software helps co-
ordinate vast amounts of location-based data from multiple sources. It enables the user to layer
the data and view the data most critical to the particular issue or mission. Police agencies collect
vast amounts of data from many sources including called-for-services, arrests, first information
reports and daily report. The same information provides a powerful decision making tool for
investigators, supervisors, and administrators.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The traditional approach of crime investigation is usually time-consuming, resulting in a lot of
delay and often generally inefficient leading to high cost. The police stations in the country are,
today, virtually unconnected islands. There is no system of data storage, data sharing and
accessing data. There is no record of crimes or criminals that can easily be accessed, except the
manual records relating to that police station. There are many flaws and shortcomings in this
system. In this system all the records are kept in documented form and stored in various types of
registers. The manual system has no proper system for record storage and storing the information
about crimes and criminals. The present system of policies not automated. The documentation of
criminal records is done manually. Case files are dumped in heaps while some are kept on
shelves. These important documents quickly get dusty and because of lack of proper storage,
some criminal documents are seriously damaged. With this kind of situation, it becomes highly
difficult and even impossible to track down known criminal, access past criminal history of a
suspect and know the status of some concluded cases. In police stations all the file work is done
by the staff, so burden of work leads to the criminal’s information to be delayed. There are also
problems of record

in those cases where

no clear consensus
exists on a given
norm, the drafting of
criminal law by the
group in power to
prohibit the behavior
of another group may
seem to some
observersan improper
limitation of the
second group's
freedom, and the
ordinary members of
societyhave less
respect for the law or
laws in general
whether the authorities
actually enforce
thedisputed law or
not. According to the
United Nations
Interregional Crime
and JusticeResearch
Institute Imrohoroglu
et al. (2006), people
victimized by property
crime (as a % ofthe
total population)
varied between 14.8%
in New Zealand to
12.7% in Italy,12.2%
in U.K.,10% in U.S.,
3.4% in Japan and
31.7% in Nigeria [4].
The possible
explanations for
crosscountry
differences are many,
ranging from distinct
definitions of crimes
and differentreporting
rates (percentage of
the total number of
crimes actually
reported to the police),
toreal differences in
the incidence of crime
and even to different
cultural aspects. It can
even be contributed to
democracy as
explained by Lin
(2007), whereby
compared to non-
democratic
governments,
democratic
government
punish major (minor)
crime more (less)and
hence this crime rate is
lower (higher) [9]. No
matter how we look
at it, it is still anutmost
important subject due
to its large impact on a
psychological aspect
as well aseconomical
aspect. Its pernicious
effects on economic
activities and more
generally on thequality
of life of people
contribute to the
emerging fact that
crime is merging as
a priority in policy
agendas worldwide.
The relationship
between crime and
development is a
verycrucial economic
issue. Crime can
hinder growth in a
country. Higher crime
rates have beenfound
to reduce both
domestic and foreign
investment [10] and
have been linked to
lower job creation and
sales growth [7]. Due
to the complexity of
the phenomenon and
lack ofconsensus
among policy makers
or scholars, research
on this issue continues
to beconducted in
many areas.
8.0
 
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
The model used for
this project is
the Waterfall model of
software development.
This modelfollows a
sequential order which
ensures that a phase is
completed before
another phase begins.
This system model
emphasizes planning
in early stages, is used
in projects where
allthe system
requirements are
known and in addition,
its intensive
documentation and
 
 planning make it
work well for projects
in which quality
control is a major
concern.(Govardhan,
September 2010).It
would be an android
based application with
cloud
storageLanguage : Jav
aDatabase : MS SQL 
SERVER 2005
 
IDE : NetBeans
 9.0
 
THESIS
ORGANIZATION
This project report is
subdivided into five
chapters.
1.
 
Introduction
This is a preview of
the project, stating the
problem to be solved
by the project
2.
 
Literature Review
This chapter reviews
the previous research
that has been carried
out in crim
3.
 
System Design and
Methodology
In this chapter the
project system is
analyzed with the use
of different
modellingtools
4.
 
System
Implementation
This chapter focuses
on implementing and
testing the system
5.
 
Recommendations
and Conclusion
After the successful
implementation of this
project, this chapter
gives an insight
intofuture work that
can be done to
improve this
application
10.0
 
DEFINITION OF
TERMS
Cloud: Is a metaphor
used for the
internetCloud
computing: is a type
of internet-based
computing, where
different services-such
as
storage, servers and
applications are
delivered to an
organization’s
computers and devices
through the
internetCrime: A
normative definition
views crime as deviant
behavior that violates
prevailingnorms
 – 
 cultural standards
prescribing how
humans ought to
behave normally