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DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK SUBJECT CODE & NAME: ME6603 FINITE ELEM YEAR:3" YEAR ANALYSIS: UNIT LINTRODUCTION PART-A 1. Distinguish between Error and Residual. BI2 2. Discuss the finite element method work. BT2 3. List any four advantages of finite element method. Bri 4. List out the types of nodes. Brl 5. List any four advantages of weak formulation? BTI ‘6. Compare the Ritz technique with the nodal approximation method. Bra 7. How to develop the equilibrium equation for a finite element? BT6 8. Classify boundary conditions BTS 9. List the various method of solving boundary value problems. BTI 10. Formulate the boundary conditions of a cantilever beam AB of span L fixed at A and free at B subjected to a uniformly distributed load of P throughout the span. Bie LL. Name the weighted residual methods. BTI 12, How will you identify types of Eigen Value Problems? iti 13. Explain weak formulation of FEA Bra 14, Why are polynomial types of interpolation function recommended over trigonometric function? BTS 15. What should be considered during piecewise trial function? BIS 16. How will you develop total potential energy ofa structural system? i 17. Explain the principle of minimum potential energy. Bra 18, Differentiate between initial value problem and boundary value problem? Br 19, List out the advantages of finite clement method over other numerical analysis netiok BTI 20. Define node ot joint. Bri PART-B 1. Explain the step by step procedure of FEA. (BT 4) 2. Explain the process of discretization of a structure in finite clement method in detail, with suitable illustration for each aspect being and discussed. (BT 3)3. A uniform rod subjected to a uniform axial load is illustrated in figure, the deformation of the bar is governed by the differential equation given below. Determine the displacement by applying Weighted Residual Method (WRM) (BT3) 4. Find the approximate deflection of a simply supported beam under a uniformly distributed load “P* throughout its span. By applying Galerking and Least Square Residual Method (BT3) 5. Solve the differential equation for a physical problem expressed as dy/dx? + 100 = 0, 05X10 with boundary conditions as y(0)=0 and y(10)-0 using (i) Point collocation method (ii) Sub domain collocation method (iii) Least square method and (iv) Galerkin method (BT3) 6. Develop the characteristic equations for the one dimensional bar element by using piece-wise defined interpolations and weak form of the weighted residual method? (BTo) 7. A simple supported beam subjected to uniformly distributed load over entire span and it is subjected to a point load at the centre of the span. Calculate the deflection uing Rayleigh-Ritz method and compare with exact solutions. (BT3) 8. Calculate the value of central deflection in the figure below by assuming Y =a sin ax/L. the beam is uniform throughout and carries and central point load P.(BT3) Ler 9. Determine the expression for deflection and bending moment in a simply supported beam subjected to uniformly distributed load over entire span. Find the deflection and ‘moment at mid span and compare with exact solution Rayleigh-Ritz method. Use yHq, sin(=) +a2 sin(*) (BTS) 10, A simply supported beam carries uniformly distributed load over the entire span. Calculate the bending moment and deflection. Assume El is constant and compare the results with other solution. (BTS)UNIT I ONE-DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS PART-A 1. What are the types of problems consider as one dimensional problem? BTS 2. Define shape function. Bri 3. illustrate shape function of a two node line element es 4. List out the stifthess matrix properties. BTI 5. Describe the characterises of shape functions — 6. Differential global and local coordinate. Br? 7. Express the element stiffness matrix ofa truss element BIZ 8. illustrate « typical truss element shown local global transformation a 9. Define natural coordinate system BTL 10, List the types of dynamic analysis problems iii 11. Define Lumped mass matrix? BTI 12, Define mode superposition technique? it 13, Formulate the lumped mass matrix forthe truss element. Bro 14, Assess the accuracy of the values of natural frequencies obtained by using lumped ‘mass matrices and consistent mass matrices. BES 15. Determine the element mass matrix for one-dimensional dynamic structural analysis problems. Assume the two-node, linear element. BY 16, Write down the Governing equation and for 1D longitudinal vibration of a bar fixed atone end and create the boundary conditions Bre 17. Explain the transverse vibration? Bra 18, Compare primary nodes and secondary nodes? BT4 19, Show that the global stiffness matrix is differed from element stiffness matrix? Br3 20. Classify some of the structural problems. mis PART-B Develop the Shape function, Stiffness matrix and force vector for one dimensional linear clement. (BT6) Consider a bar as shown in fig. Young’s Modulus E= 2 x 10° Nmm*. A, = 2cm*, Ao= lem’ and force of 100N. Calculate the nodal displacement (BT3)= Jo cry joey 3. Consider the bar shown in figure axial force P = 30KN is applied as shown. Determine the nodal displacement, stresses in cach clement and reaction forces.(BTS) ‘Ay 1000 mmx? £)- 210M? | £,=1310'Nima? | “b+, 300mm 300mm 300mm 4, Axial load of SOON is applied to a stepped shaft, at the interface of two bars. The ends are fixed. Calculate the nodal displacement and stress when the element is subjected to all in temperature of 100°C. Take E; = 30 x10° N/mm?&E, = 200 x 10° Nimm*, A,=900 mm’ & Az = 1200mm”, a = 2310-6 /°C & az = 11.7x10-0/°C, Li=200mm & L)=300mm. (BT3) 5. The loading and other parameters for a two bar truss element is shown in figure. Calculate (i) The element stiffness matrix for each element (ii) Global stiffness matrix (iii) Nodal displacements (iv) Reaction force (v) The stresses induced in the elements. Assume E=200GPa. (BT3) A= 1090mm? P= SKN 750 +a 6. Figure shown a typical continuous beam. We wish to obtain the deflection of the beam using the beam clement just described. For simplicity we assume EI-1 (BT1)7. Find the natural frequencies of transverse vibrations of the cantilever beam shown in figure by applying one 1D beam element (BT3) L 8. Calculate the displacements and slopes at the nodes for the beam shown in figure. FFind the moment at the midpoint of clement 1 (BT3) or 2m 9. For the beam and loading as shown in figure. Calculate the slopes at nodes 2 and 3 ‘and the vertical deflection at the mid-point of the distributed load. Take E=200 GPa ‘and I=4x10° m'(BT3) 42 kNIm }—_— 1 m 4 1 —| 10, Caleulate the force in the members of the truss as shown in fig. Take E-200 GPa rR)UNIT 11] TWO DIMENSIONAL SCALAR VARIABLE PROBLEMS, PART-A, 1. Define two-dimensional scalar variable problem. 2. How will you modify a three-dimensional problem to a Tow-dimensional problem? 3. List out the application of two-dimensional problems. 4. Express the shape functions associated with the tree noded linear triangular element and plot the variation of the same. 5. Why a CST element so called? 6. How do you define two dimensional elements? 7. Explain QST (Quadratic strain Triangle) clement? 8. With suitable examples and the governing equation distinguish between vector and scalar variable problems. 9, Formulate the (B) matrix for CST element. 10. Express the interpolation function of a field variable for three-node triangular element 11. List out the CST and LST elements. 12. illustrate the shape function ofa CST clement. 13. Define LST element. 14, Express the nodal displacement equation for a two dimensional triangular clasticity element 15. Show the transformation for mapping x-coordinate system into @ natural coordinate system for a linear spar element and for a quadratic spar element. 16. What do you understand by area coordinates? 17. Define Isoperimetric elements with suitable examples 18, Explain shape function of four node quadrilateral elements, 19, Explain geometric Isotropy. 20. Write the Lagrange shape functions for a 1D, 2noded elements, PART-B 1. Develop the clement strain displacement matrix and element stiffness matrix of a CST clement (BTO) 2. Determine the shape functions for a constant strain triangular (CST) element. (BT3) 3. The (x, y) coordinate of nodes i, j, and k of triangular clements are given by (0, 0), (3, 0) and (1.5, 4) mm respectively. Evaluate the shape functions N;, N> and Ns at an interior point P (2, 2.5) mm for the clement. For the same triangular clement, obtain the strain-displacement relation matrix B. (BTS) 4. Calculate the valuc of pressure at the point A which is inside the 3 noded triangular clement as shown in fig. The nodal values are , ~ 40 MPa, @ » ~ 34 MPa and BTL BTO BTI BT? Bra BTI Br BI2 BTO BT2 BTI BI3 BTI BT2 BT3 BT2 BTL Bra BTS BTS©, =46 MPa. point A is located at (2, 1.5). Assume the pressure is linearly varying in the element, Also determine the location of 42 MPa contour line. (BT3) (0.0) ta 7 325) 2.15) (4,05) 5. Find the temperature at point (1, 1.5) inside a triangular element shown with nodal temperature given as T; = 40°C, T; = 34°C and T= 46°C. Also Calculate the location of the 42°C contour line for triangular element shown in fig. (BT3) K().3) 1(0,0) 420) 6. Calculate the element stiffness matrix and thermal force vector for the plane stress element shown in fig. The element experiences a rise of 10°C (BT3) y C= Sem E= 1S x 10° Nimm* n= 025 a= 6x10" (0.9) ao 7. For a 4-noded rectangular element shown in fig. Calculate the temperature point (7, 4). The nodal values of the temperatures are T; = 42°C, T: = 54°C and T; = 56°C and T4 = 46°C. Also determine 3 point on the $0°C contour line. (BT3) All dimensions ere8. A 3 noded triangular element as shown in fig Calculate the temperature at the point P (4, 3), given that the temperatures at nodes 1, 2 and 3 are 75°C, 90°C and 60°C respectively. (BT3) (2,2) 38,6) (7,4) 9. Develop the shape function derivation for a two-dimensional quadratic element, (BT) 10. Evaluate the partial derivatives of the shape function at ¢ = 1/2, n= % of a quadrilateral clement, assuming that the temperature is approximated by bilinear. (BTS)UNIT IV TWO DIMENSIONAL VECTOR VARIABLE PROBLEMS PART-A. 1. Define 2D vector variable problems? 2. What problems are considered as 2D vector variable problems? 3. List out the various elasticity equations. 4, Define plane stress and plane strain. 5. Discuss ‘Principal stresses”. 6. Discuss the difference between the use of linear triangular clements and bilinear rectangular elements for a 2D domain. 7. Define axisymmettic solid? 8. Distinguish between plane stress, plane strain and axisymmetric analysis in solid mechanics. 9. Specify the machine component related with axisymmetric concept. 10, Discuss axisymmetric formulation, 11, Develop the Shape functions for axisymmetric triangular elements 12. Explain about finite element modeling for axisymmetric solid. 13. Develop the Strain-Displacement matrix for axisymmetric solid 14, Write down Stress-Strain displacement matria for axisymmetric solid 15, Write down Stiffness matrix for axisymmetric solid 16, Explain plane stress conditions. 17, Explain constitutive relationship for the plane stress problems. 18. State whether plane stress or plane strain clements can be used to model the following structures. Explain your answer. a A wall subjected to wind load b. A wrench subjected to a fore in the plane of the wrench. 19, Define a plane strain with suitable example. 20. Define a plane stress problem with a suitable example.PART-B Develop elasticity equation for 2D element (BT6) Develop shape function for axisymmetric triangular elements (BTO) Develop Stress-Strain relationship matrix for axisymmetric triangular element (RT6) Develop Strain-Displacement matrix for axisymmetric triangular element (BTO) Calculate the global stiffness matrix for the plate shown in fig. Taking two triangular clements. Assume plane stress conditions (BT3) yeep e born 6. Calculate the stiffness matrix for the axisymmetric element shown in fig E= 2.1 x 10° ‘N/mm? and Poisson’s ratio as 0.3 (BT3) 0,50) oy oo 7. Calculate the element strains for an axisymmetric triangular element shown in fig the nodal displacement are. u)= 0.001, U2 = 0.002, u; = -0.003, w; = 0.002, w: = 0.001 and Ws = 0,004 all dimensions are in mm. (BT3) z 8. For an axisymmetric triangular elements as shown in fig. Evaluate the stiffness matrix. Take modulus of elasticity E = 210 GPa. Poisson’s ratio = 0.25. the ‘coordinates are given in millimetres. (BTS)(50, 100) (30, 20) (80, 20) a 9. The nodal coordinates for an axisymmetric triangular element shown in fig are given below. Calculate the strain-displacement matrix for that element (BT3) (ry) Z3) (30, 50) ) A 2) (20, 10) (40, 10) (2) (ype) 0 10, A long hollow cylinder of inside diameter 100mm and outside diameter 120mm is firmly fitted in a hole of another rigid cylinder over its full length as shown in fig. The cylinder is then subjected to an intemal pressure of 2 MPa. By using two element on the 10mm length shown calculate the displacements at the inner radius tame E = 210 GPa. 1 = 0.3 (BT3)UNIT V ISOPARAMETRIC FORMULATIO’ PART-A 1. Define Isoparametric clement? BTL 2. Differentiate between Isoparametric, super parametric and sub-paramettic elements. BT 3. Define Isoparametric formulation? BTL 4. Explain the Jacobian transformation? BIS 5. Give the shape functions for a four-noded linear quadrilateral element in nstural pry coordinates, 6. Describe the Jacobian of transformation for two-noded Isoparameitic clement. BT2 7. List out the advantages of Gauss quadrature numerical integration for Isoparamettic jy ‘element? 8, Discuss about higher order element. BT2 9. Discuss about Numerical integration BT2 10. Discuss about Gauss-quadrature method. Br? 11. Differentiate between implicitly and explicitly methods of numerical integration Br4 12, Differentiate between geometric and material non-linearity. BT4 13, List out the significance of Jacobian transformation? BTL 14, Define Isoparametric clement with suitable examples. Br 15, Develop Stress. displacement matrix for Four noded quadrilateral element using 414 natural coordinates. 16 Develop Stiffness matrix for Isoparametric quadrilateral element BT6 17. Define Newton cotes quadrature method BTL 18, Distinguish between trapezoidal rule and Simpson’ rule Br? 19, Distinguish between trapezoidal rule and Gauss quadrature. BT2 20.Explain the transformation for mapping x-coordinate system into & natural coordinate ys system for a linear spar element and for a quadratic spar element. PART-B 1 Develop the shape functions for a four-noded Isoparametric quadrilateral element. (BT6) Develop Strain-Displacement matrix, Stress-Strain relationship matrix and Stiffness matrix for Isoparamettic quadrilateral clement(BT6)3. Calculate the Cartesian coordinates of the point P which has local coordinates e = 0.8 and 11= 0.6 as shown in figure (BT3) 4. For the four noded quadrilateral clement shown in fig determine the Jacobian and evaluate its value at the point (1/2, %) (BTS) 5. Evaluate the Jacobian matrix at the local coordinates e=n= 0.5 for the linear quadrilateral element with its global coordinates as shown in fig. Also evaluate the strain-displacement matrix. (BTS) Y (4,4) 0 6. Fora four noded rectangular element shown in fig Calculate the following a. Jacobian matrix b, Strain-Displacement matrix c. Element strain and d, Element stress. (BT3)(0, 2) @2 4 1, x (0, 0) 3% 7. Find the integral I= f*,(2x? + 8x? + 6)dx using Gaussian quadrature method with 2 point scheme. The Gauss points are 40.5774 and the weight at the two points are cequal to unity. (BT3) 8. Evaluate the integral [2 (x4 + 3x3 —x)dx (BTS) 9. Evaluate the integral I= integration. (BTS) 10. For the element shown in fig. Calculate the Jacobian matrix. (BT3) [2 (at + o2x + a3x"? + a4%)dx using three point Gauss
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