Mouser EIU July 2022

ELECTRONICS INFORMATION UPDATE
A Mouser Magazine
EUROPE | JULY 2022
INDUSTRIAL
FEATURES
AUTOMATION
Optimizing industrial
robotics
Monitoring the industrial
environment
The new 10BASE-T1L
standard
Autonomous mobile robots
PLUS
REGULARS
Industry News:
Rise of the carbon
nanotube battery
Die-to-Wafer self-assembly
breakthroughs
Secure MCU first
GaN RF prototypes smash targets
University Technology Exposure
MCU Matters
Test & Measurement
Motor Muse
Connector Geek
Tech Tips
Dev Kit pick
NPI
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ELECTRONICS INFORMATION UPDATE
In this issue...
INDUSTRY NEWS PAGE 4
We’re living in the new industrial
revolution and automation is the
* Rise of the carbon nanotube battery * GaN RF prototypes
key enabler. Our theme in July smash targets * Secure MCU first * Die-to-Wafer breakthrough
is Industrial Automation and we
include articles on: optimizing
industrial robotics; monitoring the MOUSER NEWS PAGE 9
industrial environment; autonomous
mobile robots; and the new or some form
of
* Empowering Innovation: Security
* Success on the track * Drone Zone
without robotics ns for robotics
run their business
10BASE-T1L standard.
applicatio
example
n. Some following
page.
automatio 3 on the
in Figure
Applications robots are are shown
provide are
achieved
from industrial tool es robotics
ns that benefit machine The advantag reliability
Applicatio handling, l safety and
, material in functiona Texas
product assembly and logistics. by advances vendors.
, welding by robot rs that
ent, packaging of systems
designed of processo
managem
have become a wide range
ts (TI) has Sitara™
robots especially These are Instrumen applicatio
ns, including
Logistics in online retail. for these g unit
ly important items for fit perfectly robot central
processin NEWS
MOUSER NEWS
increasing in gathering
robots that assist efficiently rs for the ®
® Cortex -R4
and
us processo
FEATURES
autonomo and ™ Arm
e inventory, Hercules l safety
from warehous (CPU) and trollers for
functiona
shipment
. Figure 2
shows an
example
microcon to achieve
safety
CTS FOCUS
enable shipment
diagram for
an autonomo
us guided
to utilize
-R5 based
ns. Custome
rs lookingNEW PRODU can do
applicatio robot products
reference are starting (SIL) in their can provide
Online retailers
order fulfillment
. integrity levels processors d
vehicle (AGV). robots for Sitara AM57x performance require
us logistics e to Load weight
nearly impossibl ing
autonomo
it would be measurem
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For large
retailers, tracks load
presence CPU module
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by the main
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processing
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robots system specs
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NEW PRODU
Autonomo
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us mobile (DSPs)
FOCUS processors
AMP
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FEATURES
ing
FEATURES
Digital signal nal signal process
MOUSER NEWS provide additio servo and
MUX
sensing
required for
lidar
NEWS
module:
Weight or
force sensing performance processing in lower
Battery Gas gauge front-end
motion signal
E-Fuse & charger
ption.
power consum
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Battery management sensing
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PAGE 13
or
requires high
The new 10BASE-T1L standard

driver
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industr system uses
controller
motor control their systems n from an (PRU-IC typical robot
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motors for & d aerial vehicles and battery also controller
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robot arm
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diagram for technolog June 2019
level block for an autonomou
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PAGE 16
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PAGE 20
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17
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high-end industri
Autonomous mobile robots PAGE 22

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www.mouser.co
Figure 4: Robot
it would robot system. artificial
retailers, without in an industrial robot system. is powering oller
business sensor data
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For large Figure 1: Typical
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June 2019
July 2022
NEWS 16 MOUSER NEWS of robot arms high-end
robot contro
FEATURES FOCUS NEW PRODUCTS 2
Various types robot arm les in the ssors can
provide
robotics
pendants. ation. Each FOCUS FEATURES modu
NEW PRODUCTS MOUSER NEWS NEWS
AM57x proce
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Mobile Robots:
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The contro RF
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Autonomy ge many
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Amphenol RF is a division of Amphenol
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diagram for AMIC proce
learning (ML), AMRs can ‘learn’ how
on modu frequency (RF), microwave, and data for servo
cable assemblies are available
to navigate to maximize productivity.
typica l syste m block
transmission applications. As a leader
the contro
in in llera 1.13mm micro-cable type and
r consu mption. Sitara unica tion and
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When AMRs experiencefor
200mm, 250mm, industrial comm
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June 2019
This makes themle
ct multip well-suited for the
bus to conne next generation of autonomous
Learning Mobility As you know, this development and vehicles and robotic applications. 4
The development of a babies’ capability
growth in mobility means a whole to move under their own control
A while back, I was blessed with the This series supports l robotics
PAGE 24
world of opportunity will open up to for up
industria
to 20Gbps
Operating systems
will bring them into constantly new data
birth of my first grandchild. It was a Hudson as he explores whatever he is control and design
transmission and reduces installation
boy. His name is Hudson (Figure 1).
contexts. Optimizing
interested in. Akin to Hudson’s self- space requirements by 80 percent
Hudson lives very far across the country development, autonomous mobile compared with standard FAKRA
Babies have to employ all their senses
from me, over 3,000km between robots (AMRs) are programmed to (Fachkreis Automobil, a German
and their ever-increasing knowledge Autonomy means they can operate
us. I use technology to watch and operate successfully within their standard) products. Typical applications Figure 3: Amphenol RF AMC4 RA to TNC/RP-TNC Jack IP67
of their context and surroundings to with a degree of ‘self-legislation’ or Cable Assemblies offer a maximum frequency of 6GHz, an
participate in various moments of his surroundings. include 360° surround-view cameras, impedance of 50Ω, and are well-suited for AMRs. (Source:
address whatever they encounter. ‘self-governance.’ This autonomy
life. He is presently about ten months autonomous vehicles (AVs), and AMRs. Mouser Electronics
Babies use their sight, hearing, touch, enables them to work independently of
old. I watch him crawling along the I will share with you how Amphenol and often their mouth (taste) to external operators. Their programming
floor and standing up with assistance. RF is helping to enable autonomous Conclusion
learn how to safely navigate their is such that they can self-govern their
In a short time, he will progress to mobile robots (AMRs) to navigate surroundings. decision-making to optimize their
standing independently and walking warehouse and industrial environments Before robots can become smart
around upright. successfully, without the fear of performance to stated objectives
In order to move, robots must enough to move efficiently and work
bumping into things. constantly.
incorporate a variety of sensors to independently among other machines
UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY EXPOSURE - NEW SERIES

collect data about their environment. and people, they must be taught and
Autonomous Programming includes making them
They can have ‘sight’ by a sense of have the ability to learn naturally from
Mobile Robots: coherent to themselves to assess and
vision often achieved through cameras. their surroundings. Like with infants,
Motion and Context prioritize what is considered higher-
Moving robots may use time-of-flight this process to move autonomously
and lower-order responses. Sensing,
or infrared sensors to tell them which safely from one spot to another often
Autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) processing, and AI combine to make
approaching objects from which they involves baby steps. Rarely does it
are increasing adoption in warehouse them responsive to reasons, meaning
may need to make a course correction happen immediately.
and industrial environments. They are they can see contextual clues and
change to avoid a possible collision.
Robotic fish? PAGE 26

reliable, round-the-clock, self-directed respond with reason.
Amphenol is engineering technology
assets used to move and manage hey often can both employ or to help robots make sense of their
the flow of materials and products, ML, a subset of AI, uses algorithms Figure 2: Amphenol RF AUTOMATE® Type A Mini-FAKRA
detect auditory signals that give Connectors support data transmission rates up to 20Gbps surroundings and make intelligent
plus work alongside people within and places them into structural and are well-suited for the next generation of autonomous
them information about their vehicles and robotic applications. (Source: Mouser connections to move about, freely
these application contexts. AMRs can descriptions based on data examples.
surroundings. They may utilize field- Electronics)
on their own. You can follow their
perform repetitive, complex, heavy, and ML enables the robot to ‘learn,’
programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and progress by watching the Amphenol
potentially dangerous tasks efficiently making it responsive to reasoning AMRs often successfully employ
microcontrollers (MCUs) to process this PluggedIn Video Series where we
and successfully. allowing its autonomous motion. Amphenol RF AMC4 RA to TNC/RP-
information and turn it into executable discuss this and other topics and
Responsive reasoning will enable them TNC Jack IP67 Cable Assemblies.
decisions. key products that demand more
to act and function independently of
convenience, mobility, power,
human interface.
and speed.
Figure 1: Picture of Hudson (Source: Author)
22 July 2022
www.mouser.com www.mouser.com
MOTOR MUSE
July 2022 23
Elsewhere, Adam Taylor considers The future PAGE 28

MCU O/S; Stuart Cording discusses
signal measurement; and Martin Hill TEST & MEASUREMENT
concludes his Motor Muse series Signal measurement PAGE 31
with a look to the future. David
Pike declares his love of ‘Big Plugs’ CONNECTOR GEEK
in Connector Geek, and Tech Tips The case for a Big Plug PAGE 34
considers the designer’s role in low
power. Our students present robotic
DEVELOPMENT
fish….Plus the news round-up, Dev Dev Tools: Mark Patrick spotlights development tools from
Kit Pick and, of course, a review of ams Osram, ADI, Silicon Labs, Renesas and Sensirion PAGE 36
the most innovative products now in
stock at Mouser. Now read on... TECH TIPS
Designers and low power PAGE 38
Published by Mouser Electronics.

For Editorial contact Nick Foot at
[email protected]. NEW PRODUCTS PAGE 40
For Advertising, contact Newest products now available from

Claudia Bertaccini at Royal Ohm, United SiC, Bulgin and more
[email protected].
www.mouser.com July 2022 3

NEWS MOUSER NEWS FEATURES FOCUS NEW PRODUCTS
Rise of the
Carbon
Nanotube
Battery
According to IDTechEx, graphene and
carbon nanotubes (CNT) could be an
enabling material for next-generation
batteries.
The demand from electric vehicles
will approach 5,000 GWh within a
decade, and a large proportion of
the cost, performance, and safety are
linked to the battery. In a new report
‘Carbon Nanotubes 2022-2032: Market,
Secure MCU first

Technology, Players’, IDTechEx states
that the CNT market should exceed 70
ktpa by 2032, which far outstrips current
capacity, which will need to be scaled
accordingly.
Microchip Technology has released Features include core-independent
industry’s first MCU to combine a SleepWalking peripherals and the
secure subsystem and Arm TrustZone Event System, to keep the MCU core
technology in a single package. in sleep mode for extended periods
The PIC32CM LS60, integrates to reduce power consumption. It
Microchip’s Trust Platform secure also comes with on-chip analog
subsystem, offering one trusted that includes operational amplifiers
source to find a secure 32-bit (op amps), digital-to-analog
MCU. Combining Arm TrustZone converters (DACs) and analog-to-
CNTs are used as a conductive
technology and the Common Criteria digital converters (ADCs) that can
additive in the cathode for lithium-
Joint Interpretation Library (JIL) be operated in sleep modes and
ion batteries, introduced as a slurry
“high” rated Trust Platform secure interfaced with a variety of sensors.
with other additives. The nanotubes
subsystem, enables developers to The PIC32CM LS60 is compatible with
are used for their excellent conductive
implement industry-proven security the MPLAB Data Visualizer and Power
and mechanical properties with an
practices and countermeasures Debugger tools that can be used to
advantageous 1D morphology. There
to protect against a wide class of monitor, analyze, and fine tune power
are numerous advantages including
known remote and physical attacks. consumption numbers in real-time.
the potential to use thicker electrodes,
operate at higher C-rates, and many
These types of designs are In addition to the PIC32CM LS60
more. Not all CNTs are the same, and the
supported with tools such as secure variant, a PIC32CM LE00
energy storage landscape is still rapidly
MPLAB Code Configurator (MCC) general-purpose variant and a
evolving.
TrustZone Manager and the Trust PIC32CM LS00 Arm TrustZone
Single-walled carbon nanotubes continue Platform Design Suite to simplify technology variant (without
to explore the energy storage space with the configuration of the secure secure subsystem) are also
the likes of OCSiAl, particularly with the subsystem. available. The PIC32CM5164LS60,
new 2021 investor Daikin Industries, PIC32CM5164LS00 and
Zeon Corporation, and Zeta Energy The Microchip Trust Platform PIC32CM5164LE00 are available
making announcements here. There provisioning service is available today in 10,000 units for the 100-
are also hybrid products, such as CB- to securely provision keys and pin TQFP package and are priced at
CNT developments by Birla Carbon and certificates. The PIC32CM LS60 also $5.48, $4.33 and $4.18, respectively.
CHASM Advanced materials, making integrates an enhanced peripheral
progress in anode improvements. touch controller with the Driven For additional information or to
Vertically aligned CNTs (VACNTs) are Shield Plus feature to prevent false purchase, visit Microchip’s Purchasing
making progress in ultracapacitors with touches due to moisture with a and Client Services website, www.
an eye for battery applications, most high immunity to noise to enable microchipDIRECT.com.
notably shown by Nawa Technologies. exceptional touch interfaces.
www.IDTechEx.com www.microchip.com
4 July 2022 www.mouser.com

NEW PRODUCTS FOCUS FEATURES MOUSER NEWS NEWS
Keysight’s Emerson
Broadband delivers H2
Vector Network automation
Analysis technology
Keysight Technologies, FormFactor, The fully integrated solution comprises:
DMPI, and Virginia Diodes have joined
• Keysight’s N5291A 125 GHz
forces to deliver a new 170 GHz /
broadband VNA single-sweep solution
220 GHz Broadband Vector Network
with compact frequency extenders.
Analysis (VNA) Solution that shortens
design and verification cycles for • DMPI / FormFactor T-Wave GSG Dual
5G and emerging 6G applications. band probes to provide wafer-level
The VNA solution will provide on- electrical measurement on FormFactor
wafer millimeter-wave component wafer probing solutions of millimeter
characterization under various wave (mmW) devices and materials up Emerson and Toyota Australia have
conditions, offering advanced dynamic to 1.1 terahertz (THz). collaborated to transform part of Toyota
range, high output power, Australia’s operations into a commercial-
• VDI’s sub-THz frequency extenders
and maximum stability. grade hydrogen production, storage
allow for high accuracy measurement
and refueling plant. Supported by the
of on-wafer devices under test from
The solution efficiently characterizes Australian Renewable Energy Agency,
900 Hz to 170 GHz or 220 GHz in a
on-wafer devices and circuits, enabling the initiative will leverage Emerson’s
single frequency sweep.
the creation of highly accurate process automation expertise in the control
design kits (PDKs) for IC models to system. Toyota Australia will use to
The sub-THz extenders allow users to
shorten the design and verification cycle. demonstrate the technical and economic
leverage their existing N5291A systems to
feasibility of manufacturing hydrogen
support a single sweep to 170 or 220GHz.
Additionally, it enables rapid fuels, including the use of renewable
A recently-released line of broadband
deployment of devices for the emerging solar energy.
micromachined T-Wave dual band probes
5G and 6G monolithic microwave
developed by Dominion Microprobes and
integrated circuits (MMICs), a type Sustainable hydrogen projects are
marketed by FormFactor are also available.
of integrated circuit (IC) device that challenging because they need to
operates at microwave frequencies. www.keysight.com integrate many data sources into one
balance-of-plant system, a process
that’s critical for a facility’s success. For
the Toyota Australia Hydrogen Center,
GaN-on-
and because of its non-mainstream
semiconductor processing. On the Emerson’s advanced DeltaV distributed
other hand, the GaN-on-Si technology, control system gathers data from the
Silicon RF under development by ST and MACOM,
is expected to offer competitive
plant’s complex equipment, making it
easier to monitor production and storage
prototypes performance paired with large economies
of scale, enabled by its integration into
of hydrogen gas and document and
validate the sustainability of operations.
smash targets standard semiconductor process flows.
Emerson’s DeltaV systems control
Prototype wafers and devices operations for optimal production
STMicroelectronics and MACOM
manufactured by ST have achieved cost efficiencies and help ensure safe
Technology Solutions Holdings
and performance targets that would operations. Edge control technology
announced the successful production
allow them to effectively compete from Emerson’s PACSystems will further
of radio-frequency Gallium-Nitride-on
with the incumbent LDMOS and GaN- reduce cost and complexity of integrating
Silicon (RF GaN-on-Si) prototypes. RF
on-SiC technologies on the market. third-party systems. Rosemount flame
GaN-on-Silicon offers high potential
These prototypes are now moving to detectors will help keep personnel and
for 5G and 6G infrastructure. GaN can
the next big milestones – qualification operations safe. The Toyota Australia
offer superior RF characteristics and
and industrialization. ST is on target to team took advantage of pre-existing
significantly higher output power than
hit these milestones in 2022. With this configuration libraries to reduce setup
LDMOS for these RF PAs. Further, it can
progress, ST and MACOM have begun time. In addition, Emerson’s technologies
be manufactured on either silicon or
discussions to further expand their efforts create a platform to add future remote
silicon-carbide (SiC) wafers.
to accelerate delivery of advanced RF operations and data analytics more easily
GaN-on-Si products to the market. and cost effectively.
RF GaN-on-SiC can be more expensive
because of the competition for SiC Emerson.com
wafers from high-power applications www.st.com

Nexperia and KYOCERA AVX Asset

to partner on automotive GaN
monitoring
solution
Nexperia and KYOCERA AVX Nexperia manufactures GaN devices
Components will partner to focus on in its own facilities using mature
power components, with the aim of mass production techniques, which
jointly developing GaN applications for
electric vehicles (EV).
strengthens KYOCERA AVX’s strategy
to provide high-quality automotive
enables
High-voltage Power GaN FETs, when
compliant modules. Optimized
packaging technology is required
predictive
combined with innovative packaging
technologies, can address the
in order to more fully realize the
benefits of GaN devices, especially in maintenance
requirements for better efficiency, high power systems. The advanced
higher power density and reduced technology offering from KYOCERA The wireless 6VW series IoT sensor from
system cost. GaN power devices AVX in the development of GaN Sensata Technologies delivers insights
not only offer superior performance automotive power modules will enable via the Sensata IQ platform and can
in these applications but now also both companies to deliver superior EV simultaneously monitor each asset
provide the reliability, robustness power systems solutions. using six sensing modalities: vibration,
and manufacturability expected of a temperature, acoustic emission, speed,
mainstream technology. humidity, and magnetic flux. Designed
www.nexperia.com/gan-fets
for easy retrofit into a wide range of
existing rotary assets regardless of
brand or manufacturer, the sensors
Die-to-Wafer by reducing the time of alignment, since
the fine alignment is performed by the
need no changes to the company’s
hardware or control platforms. An
Self-Assembly
droplet. When self-assembly is combined
easy-to-use, self-install solution, it has
with a collective die-handing solution, the
a mobile app for device configuration,
Breakthrough
throughput is increased by the fact that
making setup and installation possible
all dies are bonded together at the same
in less than five minutes.
time without any high precision placement
In a breakthrough for the future of at any time along the process flow.”
Using powerful AI-driven algorithms
die-to-wafer (D2W) bonding, CEA-Leti explicitly designed for rotary assets by
and Intel have optimized a hybrid direct- The paper noted that capillary forces arise
Nanoprecise, a Sensata technology
bonding, self-assembly process that has from the principle of surface minimization
partner, data from the sensor is
the potential to increase the alignment and are exerted through surface tension
analyzed at the edge for anomalies and
accuracy as well as fabrication throughput in the case of a liquid. From a macroscopic
then pushed to the Sensata IQ cloud-
by several thousand dies per hour. The point of view, the liquid tends to minimize
its liquid/air interface to reach an based platform for further analysis
approach uses capillary forces of a water
equilibrium state with minimized energy. and data visualization. The platform
droplet to align dies on a target wafer.
This mechanism allows the self-alignment uses the data to identify potential
of the die on its bonding site. The liquid faults, calculate the asset’s projected
The results were presented in a paper,
chosen as the realignment vector must remaining useful life and deliver alerts
“Collective Die-to-Wafer Self-Assembly
present a high surface tension and has to to plant managers on their laptops,
for High Alignment Accuracy and High
be compatible with direct bonding. tablets, or smartphones.
Throughput 3D Integration”, at the 2022
Electronic Components and Technology
The water dispense technique and the Sensata is collaborating with
Conference (ECTC). While leading
microelectronics companies see the D2W surface preparation to tune the surface technology companies such as
hybrid bonding process as being essential hydrophilicity appeared as critical for Nanoprecise to develop comprehensive
for the success of future memory, HPC the proper conduct of the self-assembly solutions for assets that are rarely
and photonic devices, it is much more process, according to the paper. Excellent monitored due to cost and complexity.
complex than wafer-to-wafer bonding, alignment performance on a homemade Adding Nanoprecise’s technology
with lower alignment accuracy and lower collective self-assembly bonding bench to the Sensata IQ platform enables
die-assembly throughput. was achieved, resulting in a mean maintenance teams to make confident
misalignment inferior to 150 nm with decisions and simplify maintenance
“Commercial scale throughput with a 3σ inferior to 500 nm. Finally, the programs across rotary assets with
D2W self-assembly presents two main compatibility of the self-assembly process data that can be trusted and accessed
challenges related to die handling,” said with a wide range of die dimensions (8x8 anywhere, anytime.
Emilie Bourjot, CEA-Leti’s 3D integration mm², 2.7x2.7 mm², 1.3x11.8 mm² and
project manager. “If the self-assembly 2.2x11.8 mm²) was demonstrated.
To learn more about Sensata’s
process is combined with a pick-and-place www.cea.fr/english predictive maintenance solutions,
tool, the throughput can be increased visit www2.sensata.com/6vw

Largest European LPWAN

deployment of asset trackers
Alps Alpine Europe has supplied 1 million Lykaner long- The company confirms its plan to achieve the next milestone
lifetime asset trackers with Heliot Group, Sigfox 0G Operator of producing another 2.6 million trackers, based on
in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Slovenia, and UnaBiz, procurement of material already ordered to address the
new owner of the Sigfox 0G technology. This marks the current component shortage situation.
largest LPWAN deployment of asset trackers to date in
Europe, with major companies such as Deutsche Post DHL The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented stress
Group, the global logistics company, different automakers but also opportunities in the logistics and supply chain
and mobility providers in France, Germany, Austria, the industry. Asset tracking management solutions provide
Netherlands and many more European countries. visibility in everyday operation and lift the monetary potential
which is dormant in every process. Especially in times of
crises companies are required to optimize their operation for
higher productivity and higher levels of process automation.
Henri Bong, co-founder and co-CEO of UnaBiz commented,

“UnaBiz is pleased to be a part of this amazing milestone
and scaling story that demonstrates Sigfox 0G technology’s
capabilities in asset tracking use cases. As a custom-designed
IoT solution provider ourselves, we have experienced first-hand
the challenges of massive deployment. In order to deliver success
to our end customers, we will continue to support and to work
closely with all Sigfox 0G Operators and solution providers to
Since the successful start of deployment of the asset tracker accelerate their go-to-market. We believe that an open and
in the region, the Alps Alpine team in Germany and Ireland collaborative ecosystem is key to enabling massive IoT.”
has engaged in R&D to further complete the portfolio of 15
different tracker variants with up to 12 years of battery life. https://www.assettrackingsolution.co/
Purdue & PROSTEP partner for manufacturing R&E

PROSTEP’s OpenPDM, a highly Showcasing next-generation digital
advanced, vendor neutral, industry solutions that overcome the barriers to
standard integration platform provides digital connectivity and the challenges
automated integration between PLM of Industry 4.0 interoperability are
system SIEMENS Teamcenter and fundamental pillars of the Testbed,
Manufacturing Execution System which is used to conduct research and
(MES) from iBASEt, Solumina, technology demonstrations to support
by automatically syncing items and the ‘interconnected enterprise’ and a
bill-of-materials (BOM). digital manufacturing ecosystem.
OpenPDM streamlines Purdue “PROSTEP is excited to be an educational The Purdue Polytechnic Institute, one
University’s IN-MaC implementation of partner and part of digital transformation of 10 academic colleges at Purdue
PDM and MES tools in their laboratory solutions addressed at Purdue’s IN-MaC. University, offers undergraduate and
preparations for upcoming integrations graduate degrees in aviation, computing,
and allows for future PLM systems such PROSTEP solutions not only assist in construction management, engineering
as Teamcenter to easily integrate into educating students about the complex technology, technology leadership, and
Purdue’s existing ecosystem. challenges of digital integration, but technology education. The PROSTEP
also displays to manufacturers and Group has a current headcount of more
The solution will be deployed at companies the endless possibilities than 300 and 20+ years of experience.
Purdue’s Indiana Manufacturing and value of our integration and In addition to headquarters in Darmstadt,
Competitiveness Center, which houses data exchange solutions to modern PROSTEP also maintains branch offices
the Intelligent Manufacturing Testbed. technologies” says Courtney Rainey, in Berlin, Böblingen, Cologne, Hamburg,
Key Account Manager at PROSTEP, Inc. Hanover, Munich, and Wolfsburg.
https://www.purdue.edu/in-mac/

INTERCONTEC PRODUCTS
Reliable for easy connections for

drives, medical and robotics
Intercontec 923 Power Connectors Intercontec 723 Hybrid Connectors Intercontec 615 / 915 Connectors
Detroit’s Mouser’s City

The Mouser-sponsored Vasser Sullivan Mouser is teaming up with Molex LLC
Lexus Racing team has won the latest to sponsor both the No. 12 and No. 17
2022 IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Vasser Sullivan Lexus RC F GT3 GTD
Championship race. On the temporary Class and the No. 14 Vasser Sullivan
street circuit at the Chevrolet Detroit Lexus RC F GT3 GTD PRO Class entries
Grand Prix, Ben Barnicoat and Kyle for the 2022 IMSA WeatherTech
Kirkwood piloted the No. 17 Vasser SportsCar Championship season.
Sullivan Lexus RC F GT3 to victory in
the GTD class, with Aaron Telitz and Mouser previously sponsored the
Frankie Montecalvo delivering a Vasser Sullivan IndyCar team, seeing
fourth-place finish in the No. 12 car. the opportunity as an inventive way
to communicate its performance-
After qualifying in pole position, Kirkwood driven business model and promote
remained in second place for just under the newest technologies; since then,
half the race, using a strategic pit stop to the Mouser and Molex relationship
hand the driving to Barnicoat. Leading with Vasser Sullivan has bred success,
43 of the 73 laps, Barnicoat nabbed the having won the Indianapolis 500 and
checkered flag to earn the team’s first producing multiple wins and podiums
win of the season as well as his and with Vasser Sullivan IndyCar.
Kirkwood’s first career IMSA victories.
The 2022 season marks the fourth
“Belle Isle is a bumpy and tightly season Lexus and Vasser Sullivan have
packed proving ground, and the entire partnered together. During that time, The Detroit win followed a third-place
team showed the skill and strategy the Lexus RC F GT3 has earned seven finish at the previous race, the Lexus
they’re known for in an exciting, down- GTD class wins, 18 podiums and nine Grand Prix at Mid-Ohio.
to-the-wire race,” said Todd McAtee, pole positions.
Vice President, Americas Business mouser.com/imsa-racing/
Development for Mouser Electronics.
Mouser adds Innodisk for industrial storage

Mouser has announced a new Innodisk SD and MicroSD cards are
distribution agreement with Innodisk, industrial-grade, SD 2.0- and SD
a premier provider of industrial 3.0-compatible cards that feature
embedded flash and DRAM storage Innodisk’s exclusive iSMART technology
products and technologies, with a to better monitor device storage status.
focus on the enterprise, industrial, The high-performance cards are ideal
medical, and aerospace industries. for gaming, industrial embedded
memory, infotainment, and automation
Mouser now offers an extensive lineup applications.
of Innodisk products, including the
company’s latest flexible industrial I/O Mouser also offers Innodisk CFast cards
expansion cards. These cards offer – high-capacity, high-speed devices Innodisk 3D TLC SSDs are ideal for
stable connectivity and bandwidth housed in a small form factor compliant industrial and demanding storage
to industrial systems including robust with CFast 2.0. These cards deliver applications. These 112-layer SSDs
Power over Ethernet (PoE), CAN, excellent performance in random data feature higher capacity, better
LAN, DIO, and serial cards. Innodisk’s transfer rate, making them an ideal performance, and enhanced data
flexible industrial expansion cards are solution for a variety of applications, security, with guarantees up to 3,000
available in Mini PCIe, PCIe, and M.2 including embedded systems, industrial, P/E cycles and in-house firmware
form factors and are ideal for casino and enterprise fields. Innodisk CFast developed to support up to 8 TB in
gaming, networking and surveillance feature L³ architecture with a SATA III (6 U.2 SSD, and 4 TB for M.2 (P80).
applications. GHz) Marvell NAND controller.
mouser.com/manufacturer/innodisk/

Mouser #1 for Hirose eBook

Mouser has been named the 2021 Distributor of the Year by Hirose Electric explores
USA, a leader in the design and manufacture of innovative connector
solutions. Hirose Distribution Manager, Adrian Orat, presented the award efficient power
to the Mouser team at EDS 2022 in Las Vegas. The Distributor of the
Year award recognizes sales and growth, as well as customer service and
conversion
satisfaction. in IIoT
“Mouser has once again achieved impressive sales growth with Hirose in A new eBook focuses on efficient
2021,” said Mark Kojak, CMO and Senior VP of Sales and Operations for components and technologies for use
Hirose Electric USA. “Mouser is a valued partner that continues to play a in low-power solutions for industrial
critical role in helping Hirose’s customers solve dynamic challenges in a wide Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
range of markets and applications. We are pleased to recognize Mouser with In ‘Light Up Your Industrial IoT
this award for the second year in a row.” Design’, leading experts from ROHM
and Mouser offer in-depth articles
From design chain to supply chain™, Mouser offers a full suite of the covering a range of topics, including
newest products from Hirose, including C.FL Series lightweight mini coaxial efficient power consumption, Wi-SUN
connectors, ZE064W small waterproof automotive connectors, DF40T wireless communication modules, and
automotive board-to-FPC connectors, and BK13C low-profile hybrid industrial IoT LEDs.
FPC-to-board connectors.
While IoT solutions offer the potential
mouser.com/manufacturer/hirose/ to improve productivity and safety
in a broad range of industries, their
deployment can sometimes be limited
by inefficient power conversion
and utilization. The new eBook
from Mouser and ROHM provides
worthwhile insights into overcoming
these challenges and deploying new
IIoT solutions with efficient power
management components. Articles
include a look at ROHM components
for power supply and optimization
as well as how IoT solutions can lead
to key process improvements across
manufacturing and logistics.
In addition to timely articles, the

Light Up Your Industrial IoT Design
eBook features information and links
to 10 ROHM products, including
European
United Kingdom Italy
Suite C, Floor 2 Centro Direzionale Milanofiori the BD71631QWZ linear charger.
Artisan Building Strada 1 Palazzo E1 Designed to efficiently charge low-
support Hillbottom Road
High Wycombe, Bucks.
20090 Assago-MI
Italy
voltage and single-cell li-ion batteries,
locations
HP12 4HJ, United Kingdom Tel: +39 02 57506571 the BD71631QWZ integrates a
Tel: +44 (0) 1494-427500 Netherlands negative temperature coefficient
Czech Republic ESP 222, 5633 AC Eindhoven
(NTC) thermistor input to deliver
Your local AZ Tower
Pražákova 1008/69
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 88 1300 700 temperature qualified charging.
contacts 639 00 Brno
Czech Republic
Poland The BP35C5 ultra-compact Wi-SUN
Pro-Concept Building
Tel: +420 517070880 ul. Wyscigowa 56e
FAN-certified wireless module allows
Germany (Main Branch) France 53-012 Wroclaw designers to build mesh networks of
Elsenheimerstr. 11 Le Voltaire Poland up to 1,000 units, enabling secure
80687 Munich 1, Avenue Leo Lagrange Tel: +48 71 749 74 00
Germany 19100 Brive-La-Gaillarde Spain
communication without complicated
Tel: +49 (0)89 520 462 110 France Parque de Negocios MAS BLAU I control for smart cities and other
Sweden Tel: +33 5 55 85 79 96 Edificio Muntadas, Esc. B large-scale applications.
Jungmansgatan 12 (floor 9) Israel C/ Berguedà nº 2, Planta 2
211 11 Malmö 1 Hanofar Street Local C1 y C3 mouser.com/news/rohm-iiot/
Sweden 43662 Raanana, Israel 08820 El Prat de Llobregat rohm-lightup-ebook.html
Tel: +46 8 590 88 715 Tel: +972 9 7783020 Barcelona. Spain
Tel: +34 93 6455263

Design for
security
In the latest chapter of its
award-winning Empowering
Innovation Together™ Würth Elektronik Power
program, Mouser explores
the importance of Inductors. Indispensable
incorporating security into
every stage of the design for any electronics design
process, starting with
architecture selection and
component choice. The
third installment features
a wide variety of content, including a new
Then, Now and Next video, blog, article, infographic and a
new episode of The Tech Between Us podcast.
This newest topic in the 2022 Empowering Innovation

Together program offers a timely look at the increasingly
critical role of designing with security in mind, including
available hardware features and the latest software tools
and techniques, as well as stand-alone security products.
“Connected devices continue to be high-risk targets for
security threats. Engineers are increasingly implementing
security from the ground up in their designs,” says Glenn
Smith, President and CEO of Mouser Electronics.
In a new episode of the Tech Between Us podcast, Alan

Grau, Vice President of Sales & Business Development for
PQShield, joins Mouser’s Director of Technical Content,
Raymond Yin, for a conversation about security trends such
Single Coil Shielded Power Inductors
as authentication for embedded systems, securing wireless
links for data transmission and the products and tools
available to engineers for secure environment design.
“As the technologies behind our connected devices

become more advanced, so do efforts to thwart the robust
systems securing those devices,” says Grau. “I’m excited to Dual Coil Power Inductors
speak with Raymond about the next generation of security
practices, including post-quantum cryptography, and hope
that our conversation gives designers a jumping-off point
for designing with security in mind.”
The third installment will also feature two articles focused

on the IoT trusted zone and the key to embedded security, Single Coil Unshielded Power Inductors
as well as an infographic highlighting security’s critical role

in connected vehicles.
Upcoming topics in the 2022 EIT program will

explore driver monitor systems, private 5G networks
and autonomous mobile robots.
mouser.com/empowering-innovation

Enter the Mouser wins

Drone Zone Vishay triple
Mouser delivers the latest information on cutting-edge Mouser has received an unprecedented trio of awards
technology, including articles, blogs and product highlights from Vishay: 2021 Americas High Service (Catalog)
focused on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and drones. Distributor of the Year; 2021 Americas Semiconductors
Through resource sites focused on aerospace, robotics, High Service Distributor of the Year; and 2021 EMEA High
and more, industry experts provide insight into topics such Service Distributor of the Year.
as the many considerations in a drone build, emerging
markets for drone technology, and counter-drone The awards are based on a rigorous system where points
technologies. are given for performance in key metrics such as sales,
New Product Introductions and number of stocked parts.
“Vishay is proud to present the Mouser team with these

awards, which reflect Mouser’s outstanding level of service
and breadth of inventory, making Vishay’s technologies and
solutions more visible and available to our customers,” said
Robert Kirch, Vice President of Global Distribution Sales at
Vishay. “High service distribution is a central part of our
business strategy and Mouser’s best-in-class performance
and service sets them apart. We are happy to present
Mouser with these awards and congratulate their entire
team for such outstanding performance around the world.”
Mouser stocks the industry’s widest selection of
semiconductors and electronic components™, including the
following solutions for drone applications:
Qorvo PAC5526 Power Applications

Controller® is a SoC optimized for
high-speed motor control and for
driving battery-powered brushless DC
(BLDC) motors.
Infineon Technologies drone and

multicopter solutions is a portfolio
of cost-effective system solutions
that feature everything from power
electronics to controllers and sensors.
Used for multicopter design, their
solutions enable longer flying times “It is a great honor to receive such recognition from
and enhanced safety and reliability. Vishay,” said Andy Kerr, Mouser Vice President of Supplier
Management. “Customers across the globe depend on Vishay
STMicroelectronics VL53L4Cx time- components for their designs. Vishay’s broad and competitive
of-flight sensors are fully integrated product and technology portfolio supports customers in
miniature modules that record an virtually every market sector. We are proud to receive these
absolute distance measurement, prestigious awards from our strong partner, Vishay.”
regardless of the target color and
reflectance. Over the last decade, Mouser has received a long list of
awards from Vishay, including the High Service DoY for
Mouser offers engineers and designers an expansive Europe award 2013 through 2016, 2018 and 2019.
resource site that highlights industry-leading content on
solutions and trends, including articles, blogs, diagrams With over 50,000 Vishay products in stock, Mouser
and featured products from the world’s top manufacturers. offers an ever-widening selection of the manufacturer’s
This further solidifies the global authorized distributor’s newest products, from discrete semiconductors – including
commitment to equipping engineers with timely and diodes, MOSFETs and infrared optoelectronics – to passive
insightful information and resources throughout their electronic components such as resistors, inductors
entire design process. and capacitors.
https://resources.mouser.com mouser.com/manufacturer/vishay/

The New
10BASE-T1L
Standard
- Has Anything Changed?
By Thomas Brand, Senior Field Applications Engineer, and
Thomas Tzscheetzsch, Senior Field Technical Leader, Analog Devices
Abstract Precisely here, up to now, sensors and actuators have usually

been connected via a 4mA to 20mA analogue interface
Communication of data between various devices is essential or a fieldbus. In process automation, unlike in mechanical
in many aspects of daily living. The proliferation of devices engineering or plant automation, these sensors and actuators
and the dramatic increase in data volumes driven by are usually at a distance to the control system or the remote I/O
digitalisation and Industry 4.0 are forcing changes in the systems. Distances of 200m to 1000m and more are common.
communication landscape. For example, in areas such as
process automation, integrated networks that support But what exactly is 10BASE-T1L, what advantages does this
connectivity across entire factories are required. Data must technology offer, and why is it a new standard?
be extracted from operational technology (OT) machines,
processed, and then supplied to computer systems at the These questions will be answered in the following sections.
company level (IT) for further processing. As the previous
4mA to 20mA or fieldbus applications run up against their What does 10BASE-T1L mean?
limits in terms of data communication, Ethernet is emerging
as the communication standard. Primarily, this is the new The name 10BASE-T1L roughly explains its meaning. The
Ethernet standard 10BASE-T1L, a 2-wire Ethernet solution Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
for line lengths of up to 1000m at a transmission speed of abbreviations are used here.
10Mbps with support for transmission protocols such as
PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, OPC UA, Modbus-TCP, and others. The “10” in the medium type references a transmission rate of
With this standard, it is possible to continue using existing 10Mbps. “BASE” refers to baseband signals, which means that
2-wire cabling and thus protect investments. only Ethernet signals can be transported over the medium. “T”
stands for “twisted pair.” The digit “1” stands for 1km range.
This article explains the basics of 10BASE-T1L and shows In this case, it is followed by an “L” for “long range,” meaning
corresponding products that are also relevant in the selection that segment lengths of 1km and more are possible. There
of suitable connectors for various applications. Power are still other network technologies, such as 10BASE-2 (thin
transmission of the various connected devices via the data coaxial cable with a maximum segment length of 185m),
line also plays an important role with 10BASE-T1L. 10BASE-5 (thick coaxial cable with a maximum segment
length of 500m), 10BASE-F (fibre optic cable), or 10BASE-36
Introduction (broadband coaxial cable with multiple baseband channels
and a maximum segment length of 3600m).
Data communication is taking on an ever-greater role not only in
the industrial sector but also in process automation. The previous Which layer of the OSI model can
4mA to 20mA or fieldbus applications are reaching their limits 10BASE-T1L be categorised into?
due to burgeoning data volumes, and Ethernet is thus crystallising
as the communication standard. The standard Ethernet, 4-wire 10BASE-T1L offers the possibility of using the existing
solution has evolved into a 2-wire solution known as 10BASE- 2-wire infrastructure to realise line lengths of up to
T1L, consisting of a single pair of twisted cables or single-pair 1000m at a transmission speed of 10Mbps. The physical
Ethernet (SPE). Above the physical layer, 10BASE-T1L is compatible Ethernet technology is defined exclusively in Layer 1 (the
with existing Industrial Ethernet technologies with 100Mbps or bit transmission layer or physical layer) of the Open Systems
1000Mbps and thus is a supplement. Interconnection (OSI) model. Above the bit transmission
layer, 10BASE-T1L supports common Ethernet protocols such
10BASE-T1L is becoming standardised especially in process as PROFINET, Modbus, etc., as well as other bus systems,
automation and has the potential to effect sweeping such as BACnet, KNX, and LON, that are commonly used in
changes in this area. building management systems. Table 1 shows an overview.

Ethernet-APL likewise enables the transition to seamless

process automation installations with field-to-cloud
connections, including areas with potentially explosive
atmospheres for installations in the food and beverage,
pharmaceutical, and oil and gas industries. Furthermore, APL
also defines the power provisioning classes over the single
twisted pair lines.
Table 1. Overview of the OSI model with the protocols and bus systems found in it
No concrete transmission medium (cable) is defined with

10BASE-T1L is implemented with the help of a special 10BASE-T1L. Only the requirements for return loss and
Ethernet PHY in Layer 1. The Ethernet frames are transmitted insertion loss of the cables are specified. Fieldbus Type A
between MAC and PHY via the media-independent interface cables are the cables of choice. This allows the reuse of
(MII), reduced MII (RMII), or reduced gigabit MII (RGMII). existing PROFIBUS or Foundation Fieldbus cabling. 10BASE-
T1L works with a balanced pair of conductors over a cable
The MAC is defined by the Ethernet standard IEEE 802.3 length of up to 1000m without any problems. However,
and implemented in the data link layer (Layer 2). The PHY in noisy industrial environments, a shielded cable like Type
forms the physical interface and is responsible for coding and A cable is required - using connectors, screw terminals,
decoding the data between the transmission medium and or punch-down blocks. Some 10BASE-T1L switch chips
the digital system. have integrated diagnostics functions that check the signal
quality over the cables. 10BASE-T1L is thus a very robust
With which devices and machines can communication technology - even a mix-up of the wires does
10BASE-T1L be used and to what extent not pose a problem.
can the existing infrastructure be used
with it? What are the advantages of
10BASE-T1L?
10BASE-T1L is designed to replace the 4mA to 20mA
standardised signal in many, if not most, process automation Conventional 4mA to 20mA with HART® and fieldbus
applications. However, this does not mean that older field devices have a limited data bandwidth of just a few kbps.
instruments connected via 4mA to 20mA current loops With 10BASE-T1L, speeds of 10Mbps can be reached. This
will have to be replaced with 10BASE-T1L-capable field makes it possible to transmit not only a process value but
instruments. These conventional devices can be connected also additional device parameters such as configuration and
via software configurable I/O (SWIO) modules, while remote parameterisation information.
I/Os serve as a collection point for connection to the PLC
with a 10Mbps Ethernet uplink.
Software configurable I/O modules have reconfigurable

module channels which allows them to work quickly, easily,
and remotely without requiring extensive rewiring. The
channels can be configured either as input or output both for
currents and voltages, or digital and analogue.
In some cases, there is a requirement that both power for the

devices and their data be provided via 10BASE-T1L, which is
defined as part of the standard. Figure 1 shows an example
of a mix of conventional field instruments connected via a
4mA to 20mA current loop and new 10BASE-T1L-capable
field instruments.
10BASE-T1L supports two amplitude modes: 2.4V for cable

lengths of up to 1000m and 1V for shorter distances up to
200m. Through the 1.0V peak-to-peak amplitude mode,
this technology can also be used in explosion-protected
environments (hazardous areas) and meets the strict maximum
energy consumption requirements applicable there.
An industry consortium has specified the advanced physical

layer (APL), which builds on the 10BASE-T1L standard,
defining intrinsically safe operation for process automation. Figure 1. Sample architecture with both conventional and 10BASE-T1L-capable
field instruments.

In the future, possible software updates for the increasingly

complex sensors, as well as fault and network diagnostics
such as short circuits on the line to the sensor, will be
performed relatively quickly via the data line. Configuration
is also easier because gateways and converters are no
longer required with 10BASE-T1L. Through the elimination
of the gateways, the costs and the complexity of these old
installations are greatly reduced, and the data islands created
by them are swept away.
Figure 2. An example of a switch interconnection diagram.
In addition, higher powers can be transmitted over the
data line. For example, 500mW in intrinsically safe areas
(hazardous areas) and even up to 60W in non-intrinsically
safe areas can be transmitted.
Ethernet standards such as PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, HART-IP,

OPC UA, or Modbus-TCP, and IoT protocols such as MQTT,
can enable the easy and powerful connection of field devices Table 2. Overview of the different communication technologies in process automation
to a cloud.
Does 10BASE-T1L also work with Can I also implement the power supply
switch modules? to the devices via the “Two Wires”?
As with standard Ethernet, with 10BASE-T1L there are The 10BASE-T1L standard not only offers communication
bridges that enable coupling of various network segments of data from sensors and actuators, but also provides the
and devices. Different network topologies can be realised possibility of supplying them with power via the signal
and used to supply power to the connected devices. In lines. Concretely, 10BASE-T1L can deliver up to 60W of
process automation, switches are often connected to power in non-intrinsically safe areas. In explosion-protected
controllers, HMIs, and the cloud. Switches allow media (intrinsically safe) areas, the power is limited to 500mW; in
redundancy in the form of ring topologies for increased this case, the signal amplitude is also reduced from that of
availability. standard applications from 2.4V to 1V to comply with the
strict requirements for maximum energy applicable there.
In process automation, the connections to the devices, However, as a result, only reduced transmission distances are
sensors, and actuators are also called spurs, whereas possible in intrinsically safe areas.
connections between the switches and running up to the
control system fall under the name trunk. Table 3 provides an overview of the possible power
transmission levels for the various line lengths and areas for a
Further possibilities arise from the constantly increasing Type 18 AWG cable.
integration density of devices. For example, a 10BASE-T1L
switch can be integrated into a sensor connected directly to Conclusion
additional sensors that can also be supplied by it. Figure 2
shows an exemplary interconnection of different switches. 10BASE-T1L provides a relatively robust communication
standard for process automation that offers numerous
Communication with a 10BASE-T1L-capable device takes advantages over conventional 4mA to 20mA applications,
place via the host processor. It usually requires an integrated including the possibility of reusing the existing infrastructure.
MAC function, a passive media converter, or a switch with
10BASE-T1L ports. Click for More Information
Table 3. Overview of power transmission levels at different cable lengths (Type 18 AWG)

Optimizing control
and design for
industrial robotics
By staff within the processors group, Texas Instruments
With the rise of factory automation, Some example applications for

robotics has become increasingly robotics are shown in Figure 3 on the
important in the production of goods. following page.
Robotics can increase manufacturing
efficiency, reduce cost and increase The advantages robotics provide are
quality. Globally, manufacturers are achieved by advances in functional
relying increasingly on robotics to churn safety and reliability of systems
out products with increased speed and designed by robot vendors.
consistency.
Texas Instruments (TI) has a wide range Another growing application for
This article serves as an introduction to of processors that fit perfectly for robotics is unmanned aerial vehicles
industrial robots in general and more these applications, including Sitara™ (UAV) also known as drones.
specifically about robot control units. processors for the robot central With advancements in sensor and
It covers some important applications processing unit (CPU) and Hercules™ battery technologies, drones have
Introduction
and system technologies that would Arm® Cortex®-R4 and -R5 based become common place in agriculture
help understand how industrial robots microcontrollers for functional safety applications such as crop monitoring
With the rise of factory automation, robotics has become increasingly important in the
control units are architected, as applications. Customers looking to and soil and field analysis. Drones are
production of goods. Robotics can increase manufacturing efficiency, reduce cost and
illustrated in Figure 1. achieve safety integrity levels (SIL) also used in some countries for vaccine
increase quality. Globally, manufacturers are relying increasingly on robotics to churn
in their robot products can do so by and donor blood delivery services to
out products with increased speed and consistency.
Applications designing their systems leveraging rural regions.
Thisdevices,
Hercules white paper serves asby
followed ansystem
introduction to industrial robots in general and more
Applications that benefit from industrial specifically

certification from about
an robot control units. It coversAs
independent some important applications
technology and
evolves, more
robots are product assembly, material system
assessor. technologies that would help understandapplications in robotics willunits
how industrial robots control are
emerge.
handling, machine tool management, architected, as illustrated in Figure 1.
packaging, welding and logistics.
Backplane power
Backplane data
Area Scanner Safety
Output Backplane Backplane Backplane Backplane Backplane Backplane Backplane Backplane

Input Prot. Input Prot. Input Prot. Input Prot. Input Prot.
Control Module
Prot. Comms Comms Comms Comms Comms Comms Comms Comms

Power Stage
Logistics robots especially have become

Point of Digital Digital Point of Digital Point of Digital Point of Digital Point of Digital Point of Digital
Input Prot.
Cameras
Encoder
Load Process. Process. Load Process. Load Process. Load Process. Load Process. Load Process.
Guard
Point of
Temp. Isol. Isol. Isol. Isol.
PFC I+V High-side I+V RTC Load Data Isol. Data Isol. Data Isol. Data Isol.
Supply power power power power
Controller Sensing switches Sensing
increasingly important in online retail.

Digital
Security Process. Industrial Front-End Front-End Front-End
PoIE Front-End Front-End Front-End
Ethernet Power Power Power
Output Output
Prot. Prot. Protection Protection
Protection Protection
These are autonomous robots that PSU Distributor CPU module iPC Comms IO IO IO
AC mains
assist in gathering items for shipment Robot Controller Drive: 1× / Axis
from warehouse inventory, and 5th axis 6th axis 7th axis
4th axis
efficiently enable shipment. Figure 2
Backplane
Input Prot.
Comms
shows an example reference diagram 3rd axis

Point of
Load
Digital
Process.
for an autonomous guided vehicle

Isol.
Data Isol.
Power
Front-End
End-effector Power
Front-End
connector
(AGV). Online retailers are starting to

Protection
2nd axis Welding Deburring Paint Spray

Tooling: non-prehensible
utilize autonomous logistics robots for Teach Pendant

Power
1st axis
Camera
Grippers: prehensible; grasp and move
objects
order fulfillment.
Keys Panel
Power
IOs Control Robot Arm
For large retailers, it would be nearly Robot

Controller
impossible to run their business without Mechanical

Fingers Vacuum Collet
Electro-
mechanical
Safety Guards
robotics or some form of automation. Figure 1: Typical system components in an industrial robot system.
Figure 1: Typical system components in an industrial robot system.
For more information on this topic, read our how sensor data is powering artificial
intelligence (AI) in robotics white paper.
enable shipment. Figure 2 shows an example
(CPU) and Hercules™ Arm® Cortex®-R4 and
reference diagram for an autonomous guided
-R5 based microcontrollers for functional safety
vehicle (AGV). Online retailers are starting to utilize NEW PRODUCTS
applications. Customers looking to achieve safety
FOCUS FEATURES MOUSER NEWS NEWS
autonomous logistics robots for order fulfillment.
integrity levels (SIL) in their robot products can do
For large retailers, it would be nearly impossible to
Load weight
Autonomous guided vehicle (AGV) / measurement: Sitara AM57x processors can provide
Autonomous mobile robot (AMR) or other logistics robots
ADC
tracks load presence
and compatibility with
high processing performance required
system specs by the main CPU module and servo
processing module.
AMP
MUX
Input
power
E-Fuse &
protection
Battery
charger
Gas gauge
Weight or
sensing
module: lidar
Digital signal processors (DSPs)
Battery management system
force sensing
front-end
provide additional signal processing
Input power protection performance required for servo and
DC/DC LDO PMIC
Point of load regulators IMU sensing

motion signal processing in lower
module: radar
power consumption.
Ethernet/
Temperature/ ARM/ASIC/ Level
Logic RS-485/ TVS/ESD
Supervisor x86/FPGA shifter LVDS Sitara AMIC processors are optimized
Ethernet/
sensing
module:
for industrial communication and can
House keeping Motion controller RS-485/
LVDS
TVS/ESD ultrasonic
be used as the interface to the system
Analog motor Digital motor CAN/
SPE / 10/
100/1000M-
backplane bus when an industrial
driver or driver RS-485/ ... BASET
Sensor hub
Signal input-
output protection
Camera communication protocol is needed.
or
Sitara processors can support multiple
Industrial
Low voltage motor control Fieldbus Ethernet
Drive might be integrated industrial communication protocols

or on same PCB as motion controller
with programmable real-time unit
so by designing their systems leveraging Hercules critical for high-performance robot operation and
industrial communications subsystem
Integrated
drive
devices, followed by system certification from an therefore requires high data throughput and low
independent assessor.
(PRU-ICSS).
latency. The typical robot controller system uses
motors for driving wheels
Another growing application for robotics is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC),
&
one for load lifting Theyorcan
PCIe Optimizing
Ethernet control
base for the and
backplane design
system
unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) also known as
Figure 2: High level block diagram for an autonomous guided vehicle or robot.drones. With advancements in sensor and battery
for industrial
bus. In addition torobotics 5 June
these common 2019of the
modules
Figure 2: High level block diagram for an autonomous guided vehicle or robot. also controller
robot reduce system,
development costfunctional
an additional and
technologies, drones have become common place
time required
module for todeveloping
can be added separate
extend the capability of
in agriculture applications such as crop monitoring
Optimizing control and design for industrial robotics 3 June 2019 modules
the for
robot arm supporting
based various from
on the requirements
and soil and field analysis. Drones are also used in
Industrial robot controller The basic robot controller system
some countries for vaccine and donor blood delivery
industrial communication
various applications. protocols.
systems includes individual modules supporting
services to rural regions. As technology evolves, Robot Controller System
the main CPU, motion control, input /
more applications in robotics will emerge.
High-end industrial output (I/O) control, sensor(s), functional Main
CPU
Servo
Processing
Functional
Safety
I/O
Module
robot controller safety and industrial communication.
Module Module Module
so by designing their systems leveraging Hercules critical for high-performance robot ope
The backplane system bus to connect
devices,
High-performance followed
industrial robot by system multiple certification
functional modules fromisan critical for therefore requires high data throughpu
System Backplane
systems in factories utilize robot arms, high-performance robot operation and

controllersindependent
and teach pendants. assessor.
VariousFigure 3:therefore
Examples of robot applications.
requires high data throughput latency. The typical robot controller sys
Industrial
Sensor Vision Sequence
Comm
types of robot arms are available and low latency. The typical robot Module Module Module
an application-specific integrated circu

Module
dependingAnother growing
on the application. Each application Industrialfor robotics
controller usesis
robot controller
system systems
an application-
robot arm has their own number of specific integrated circuit (ASIC), PCIe or
High-end industrial robot controller PCIe or Ethernet base for the backplan
controlled unmanned
axes and payloadaerial vehiclesEthernet
capacity. (UAV)base
High-performance
alsoforknown the robot
industrial
as
backplane
systemssystem
in
Figure 4: Robot controller system example for high-end industrial
Figure 4: Robot controller system example for high-end
robots.
The controller within the system is bus.
drones. With advancements in sensor and battery
factoriesIn addition
utilize robot to
arms,these common
controllers and teach
bus. In addition to these common mod
industrial robots.
designed to manage many types of modulesVarious of the robot controller

arms aresystem,
robot armstechnologies, drones
through a configurable and have
pendants.
become
an additional
types
common
of robot
place
available
robot controller system, an additional f
Sitara processors can cover the functionality and
Integrated robot controller
depending on the functional
application. module
Each robot can be
arm performance needs required by most functional
flexible system based on modular system has
in See
agriculture
added to extend
their own number of the capability
controlled axes of
andthe module
modules in thecan
for cobot and be
SCARA
high-end added
robot robot to
controller extend the ca
system
architecture. Figure 4 forapplications
a typical such
robot
payload armas
capacity.
crop
based on monitoring
The controllerthe requirements
within the system category. Sitara AM57x processors can provide
system blockand diagram for a high-end
soil and field analysis. isfrom various
Drones
designed applications.
are many
to manage
alsotypes used in
of robot arms the
high robot system
Theprocessing
control arm based
performance on
for required the requireme
a collaborative,
by the
industrial robot. As far as scalability, the through a configurable and flexible system based or selective
main compliance
CPU module assembly
and servo processing module.
somesupports
controller system countries for vaccine
functional onSitaraand
modular donor
processors
system canblood
cover the
architecture. See delivery
Figure 4
various applications.
robot signal
Digital arm (SCARA), robot provide
processors (DSPs) is simpler
modules and the capability to scale the functionality and performance needs
for a typical system block diagram for a high-end than a high-end
additional robotperformance
signal processing controller,required
as it
performance services to ruralbased
and functionality regions. As technology
on industrial
required robot.
by most evolves,
As far functional
as scalability, the controller
modules in the for servo and
typically
Robot motion signal
controls
Controller less processing
axes andinhas
System lower
a
the system configuration. system supports functional
high-end robot controller system modules and category.
the power
slowerconsumption.
speed than Sitara AMIC processors
high-end robots.
more applications in robotics will emerge.
capability to scale the performance and functionality are optimized for industrial communication and
Figure 5 Main
shows an example system
Servo Functional
based on the system configuration. The basic can be used as the interface to the system
block diagram for a single-board robot Safety
CPU Processing
robot controller system includes individual modules backplaneModule
bus when an industrial communication
Module Module
controller system for collaborative or
supporting the main CPU, motion control, input / protocol is needed. Sitara processors can support
SCARA robots.
output (I/O) control, sensor(s), functional safety and multiple industrial communication protocols
industrial communication. The backplane system with programmable real-time unit industrial
bus to connect multiple functional modules is communications subsystem (PRU-ICSS).
System They can
Backplane
Optimizing control and design for industrial robotics 4 June 2019

Figure 3: Examples of robot applications.
Figure 3: Examples of robot applications.
Industrial
Sensor Vision
Comm
Module Module
Module
Industrial robot controller systems
Industrial
and integrate the controller as a part of an industrial Ethernet Control
MPU M
robot arm system. Because a SCARA robot can be

Feedback
placed much closer to humans, functional safety

becomes more important to use a robot without I/O
other safety system such as safety fences.

Figure 6: Single-chip robot controller system based on AM437x or
AMIC120 processors.
Single-Board Robot Controller System Sitara AM437x and AMIC120 devices By leveraging integrated multiprotocol
feature multi-protocol industrial support onto the host processor,
Industrial communication
communication, robot/motion control designers can save costs, board space
Functional Motor
Main CPU Safety Control
and
Theremotor
are overcontrol including
a dozen different encoder
communication and development effort, while also
interface with a single device Ethernet,
protocols on the market for industrial and canfield- minimizing the latency associated with
support Cartesian robot controllers
bus and position encoders, each with its own pros communication between external
Industrial ® ®
Comm
with one or two axes as shownEtherNet/
and cons. EtherCAT , PROFINET and in components and the host. A single
Sensor
Interface
I/O Industrial6.Protocol are some of the most popular
Figure platform supporting multiple standards
Ethernet-based protocols in the servo drives enables you to maintain a single board for
Industrial
market. Hiperface® communication
Digital Servo Link, EnDat 2.2 the different versions of your end product.
Figure 5: Single-board robot controller system for collaborative or and Bidirectional Interface for Serial/Synchronous
Figurerobots.
SCARA 5: Single-board robot controller system for
collaborative or SCARA robots. C are among
There are overthe more populardifferent
a dozen position-encoder Another consideration is the need to
Sitara AM57x and AM65x processors can support communication protocols on robots.
protocols for other types of industrial the support Time Sensitive Networking (TSN)
The control
most system
of the required canand
features alsofunctionalities
be much with market for industrial
Many of these protocols haveEthernet,
ASICs thatfieldbus
allow and then desigining a solution that’s
simpler and
integrated cancommunication,
industrial consist of a single motor control and position encoders, each with
users to attach to host processors to support flexible enough to adapt to evolving TSN
board
and or a few
functional safetyboards.
and realize Atrobot
the controller
same its owncommunication
specific pros and cons. EtherCAT
protocols. In some®,cases, standards. The Sitara AM6x processor
time, smaller
system with fewersize andcomponents.
system lower system cost with a multi-chip solution,
PROFINET and EtherNet/Industrial
® the protocol’s stack runs family provides a solution through its
on
becomes more important to save factory Protocol are some of the most popularthe host processor and the ASIC performs the flexible PRU-ICSS, which enables gigabit
space and integrate the controller as a Ethernet-based protocols in the servo TSN as well as traditional 100-Mb
for Controller
part of an industrialfor robotCartesian
arm system.
Optimizing control and design for industrial robotics 5robots
drives market.
June 2019
protocols like EtherCAT.
Because a SCARA robot can be placed
ous much closer to humans, functional Hiperface® Digital Servo Link, EnDat 2.2 Functional safety
safety becomes more important to use a andfor
The robot controller solution Cartesian,
Bidirectional Interface orfor Serial/ considerations
robot without other safety system such Synchronous C are among the more
assingle-axis,
safety fences. robot is much simpler and only requires
popular position-encoder protocols for Industrial robots have been used for
other types of industrial robots. Many over five decades in widely varying
basic
Sitara AM57x functionality
and AM65x processors for controlling one orhave
of these protocols twoASICs axes that applications, ranging from spot welding
can support most of the required allow users to attach to host processors in manufacturing to the pickand- place
motors. However, current controller
features and functionalities with
systems are
to support specific communication operations in the packaging industry.
integrated industrial communication, protocols. In some cases, with a multi- The emergence of more complex robotic
e based on a few MCU and ASIC
motor control and functional safety
devices given that
chip solution, the protocol’s stack runs applications and systems in recent years
and realize robot controller system with on the host processor and the ASIC has led to advances in functional safety
robot control and motor control
fewer system components.
are separated and
performs the media access control capability of MCUs. This enables use of
additional industrial communication
Controller for Cartesian robots
IC is required.
layer. Manufacturers who only plan to
support a single protocol prefer this
robots in new application environments
and enables robotic automation that can
ed Sitara AM437x and AMIC120 devices

distributed feature
architecture, since ASICs operate in closer quarters with humans
The robot controller solution for are typically optimized for specific in the production environment.
le multi-protocol
Cartesian, or single-axis,industrial robot is communication,
communication standards. robot/
much simpler and only requires basic While the use of collaborative robots
motion for
functionality control
controlling and one motor
or control
Once the need including
to supportencodermultiple in industrial production is only now
two axes motors. However, current protocols arises, a multi-chip solution beginning, there has been a lot of
ots. interface
controller systems with are baseda single on a few device losesand can support
its attractiveness because of the work already in the development of
MCU and ASIC devices given that new development effort and costs and the required safety capabilities residing
d Cartesian
robot control androbot motor control controllers
are with
the one oroftwo
maintenance multipleaxes as of
versions in sensors and processors and in the
separated and additional industrial their boards for each protocol. standardization of industrial robot
shown in ICFigure
communication is required. 6. requirements.
Highly integrated MCUs and processors

st AM437x/AMIC120 Processor can also help streamline functional
Power safety development. Developed
according to the IEC-61508 safety
Industrial
standards, TI Hercules MCUs include
rial Ethernet Control
MPU M
features enabling functional safety
be Feedback
in hardware and detect potential
failure modes with quick response
time. Hercules MCUs are also used
in applications requiring a dedicated
processor to perform a specialized
I/O
function.
Figure 6: Single-chip robot controller system based on AM437x or AMIC120 processors.

Figure 6: Single-chip robot controller system based on AM437x or
AMIC120 processors.
In these systems, the Hercules MCUs function as the “safety

checker” that ensures that the system is always maintained in
a safe state of operation. Sitara AM65x Arm-based processors
feature two or four Arm Cortex-A53 cores and include a
dual-Arm Cortex-R5F MCU subsystem to make it easier for
customers to develop functional safety applications. To learn
more about functional safety, read our white paper titled,
“The state of functional safety in Industry 4.0.”
Enabling machine learning
As robotic technologies advance, so do complementary

sensor technologies. Much like the five senses of a human
being, combining different sensing technologies offers the
best results when deploying robotic systems into changing
and uncontrolled environments. Even the simplest tasks that
a robot performs will depend on machine vision to feed
data into machine learning technology. Grasping an object,
for example, without pre-determined locations and motions
would be impossible without leveraging machine vision
to reconstruct a 3D image and utilizing machine learning
algorithms to translate this visual information into a successful
action on the part of the robot.
Machine learning, and its branch named deep learning, has

recently become a popular approach to processing all the
One threat ahead

data collected from sensors to enable the system to make
intelligent decisions. Sitara AM5749 processors enable
designers to run machine learning inference at the edge.
Machine learning technology helps simplify programming
and enables new ways to operate robots. of hackers
Software is also increasingly important in the development Designing for security is important to protect data across the IoT. In Mouser’s
Empowering Innovation Together content series, we’re taking on today’s
and deployment of robots and designers need an easy- biggest tech topics.
to-use, flexible software platform to add features to their
products as needed. Solutions like the Processor SDK
(software development kit) allows designers to maximize
their software reuse and migrate software across the TI
processor portfolio.
The Processor SDK is a unified software platform for TI

processors that enables quick setup and out-of-the-box
access to benchmarks and demos. Additionally, specialized
versions of the Processor SDK Linux include support for
the ROS (Robot Operating System) framework utilized by
developers of robot controllers.
Conclusion
There are a variety of system considerations a robotics

designer has to make when designing a robot. Determining Listen to the podcast, read articles and more at:
the central processor, system safety levels, sensors and mouser.com/empowering-innovation
software are all important when considering the application
the robot is trying to address. When developing any
robotics application, it’s important to have options when
evaluating system components. Scalable hardware and
software solutions like Sitara processors or Hercules MCUs
give designers the flexibility to create a variety of capable
solutions for robotics.

Sensors for
Monitoring
the Environment
in Industrial
Applications
By Marcel Consée for Mouser Electronics
People understand the impact of our environment on our

surroundings and us more than ever before. For example, we Figure 1: The Mikroe Air Quality 8 Click detects
are acutely aware of the air quality in our immediate vicinity both NO2 and ozone while drawing less than 23
mW. The board is naturally fully supported by
due to working from home in sometimes small rooms. the mikroSDK. (Source: Mouser Electronics)
In such cases, carbon dioxide (CO2) sensors can provide
guidance as to when to open a door or window to avoid Providing a smooth path to measuring such gases is the
headaches, impaired mental function, and lethargy. Mikroe Air Quality 8 Click featuring a Renesas ZMOD4510
pre-calibrated digital sensor (Figure 1). Designed for indoor
Industrial processes, especially the burning of fossil fuels, and outdoor operation, the Quality 8 Click board interfaces
release damaging gases and particulate matter (PM) into with host microcontrollers (MCU) via its I2C interface at 3.3V.
the atmosphere. Studies show that such gases are of
particular concern to those with lung conditions or other Naturally, the board interfaces with the mikroBUS™ socket
long-term ailments. To combat this, accurate measurements available on Mikroe development boards and is fully
are necessary to help define a plan of action to combat the supported by the mikroSDK library.
issues and assess the results of countermeasures.
The ZMOD4510 utilizes a silicon-based micro-
In recent years, semiconductor manufacturers have made electromechanical system (MEMS) coupled with a heater.
significant advances in measurement technology, with Its signal conditioning circuit monitors a chemiresistor,
improving capabilities in sensing volatile organic compounds converting the measurements to digital values. Drawing less
(VOC), particulate matter, gases, relative humidity, and than 23mW of power in continuous operation, it can detect
temperature. Furthermore, such sensors are tiny, have in the parts-per-billion (ppb) range. Ideal for generating Air
exceptionally low power consumption, and have a long life Quality Index (AQI) and ozone measurements, it is suited to
span. This makes them ideal for embedding into robust environments with a relative humidity (RH) between 5 and
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) solutions. 90%, and temperatures from -20°C to 50°C.
Monitoring Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone Keeping a Tab on Air Pressure and
Temperature
The World Health Organization (WHO) differentiates Air pressure sensors can be used to detect when smart
between gases emitted, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and air filters have reached the end of their life. They are also
those generated by chemical reactions, such as ozone (O3). integrated into barometers to monitor weather conditions.
NO2 can cause certain respiratory diseases and is prevalent in Because temperature sensing is a relatively simple type of
higher concentrations where combustion engines are in use. measurement, air pressure sensors often include temperature
O3 forms naturally in the atmosphere and protects us from and other sensing options in a single package. This is the
harmful UV rays. case with the STMicroelectronics ILPS22QS dual full-scale,
absolute digital output barometer (Figure 2).
However, it is being measured in increased quantities closer
to the ground, posing a risk to the young, elderly, and those
with respiratory problems.

Sensor Playground
for IIoT Applications
Innovation requires time
to evaluate the actual
performance and limitations
of available technology.
Luckily, sensor nodes, such as
the STMicroelectronics
STWIN SensorTile Wireless Figure 3: The STWIN SensorTile integrates
nine sensor technologies, Bluetooth, and
Industrial Node, ease the RS485 connectivity. Wi-Fi and LTE cellular
are supported with expansion boards.
proof-of-concept (Source: Mouser Electronics)
Figure 2: The ILPS22QS supports absolute barometric sensing, but can also measure development phase.
temperature and operate as a user interface. (Source: Mouser Electronics)
It integrates no less than nine sensing technologies, ranging

Available in a microscopic, 10-pin HLGA, 2 × 2 × 0.73mm
from gyros and motion sensors to magnetometers and
package, it can make absolute measurements from 260 to
vibration, together with a powerful STM32L4R9ZIJ6 ultra-
1260 or 4060hPA, depending on the operational mode.
low-power MCU (Figure 3). The kit also comes with a
Complete with temperature compensation, it delivers 24-
Li-Po battery, STLink-V3Mini debugger/programmer, and a
bit output data between one and 200 times per second,
protective plastic case.
supporting SPI, I2C, and MIPI I3CSM. The operational supply
voltage is 1.7 to 3.6V, and its first-in, first-out (FIFO) buffer
Connectivity is provided for Bluetooth (Low Energy) and
can store up to 128 measurements.
RS485, while wireless interfaces are supported using optional
Wi-Fi and LTE cellular expansion boards. Together with its
Its integrated analog hub switches between barometer,
optimized software libraries, it is easy to integrate into cloud-
temperature, and two additional analog inputs. These inputs
based monitoring solutions to display measurements and
can be used as an STMicroelectronics’ Qvar electrostatic
event detections in a suitably prepared dashboard.
sensor. By implementing suitable electrodes, capabilities such
as water leak detection or user interfaces, such as tapping,
Regardless of your environmental sensing challenge for
pressing, and swiping, are possible. By focusing solely on
industrial systems and IIoT, take a look at the wide array of
pressure measurements, current consumption can be as low
sensing technology Mouser has to offer, or get in touch if
as 1.8µA.
you require support.
RZ/V2L SMARC
PMIC Kit

Warehouse and Industrial

Autonomous Mobile Robots
By Paul Golata for Mouser Electronics
Learning Mobility As you know, this development and The development of a babies’ capability
growth in mobility means a whole to move under their own control
A while back, I was blessed with the world of opportunity will open up to will bring them into constantly new
birth of my first grandchild. It was a Hudson as he explores whatever he is contexts.
boy. His name is Hudson (Figure 1). interested in. Akin to Hudson’s self-
Hudson lives very far across the country development, autonomous mobile Babies have to employ all their senses
from me, over 3,000km between robots (AMRs) are programmed to and their ever-increasing knowledge
us. I use technology to watch and operate successfully within their of their context and surroundings to
participate in various moments of his surroundings. address whatever they encounter.
life. He is presently about ten months Babies use their sight, hearing, touch,
old. I watch him crawling along the I will share with you how Amphenol and often their mouth (taste) to
floor and standing up with assistance. RF is helping to enable autonomous learn how to safely navigate their
In a short time, he will progress to mobile robots (AMRs) to navigate surroundings.
standing independently and walking warehouse and industrial environments
around upright. successfully, without the fear of In order to move, robots must
bumping into things. incorporate a variety of sensors to
collect data about their environment.
Autonomous They can have ‘sight’ by a sense of
Mobile Robots: vision often achieved through cameras.
Motion and Context Moving robots may use time-of-flight
or infrared sensors to tell them which
Autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) approaching objects from which they
are increasing adoption in warehouse may need to make a course correction
and industrial environments. They are change to avoid a possible collision.
reliable, round-the-clock, self-directed
assets used to move and manage hey often can both employ or
the flow of materials and products, detect auditory signals that give
plus work alongside people within them information about their
these application contexts. AMRs can surroundings. They may utilize field-
perform repetitive, complex, heavy, and programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and
potentially dangerous tasks efficiently microcontrollers (MCUs) to process this
and successfully. information and turn it into executable
decisions.
Figure 1: Picture of Hudson (Source: Author)

Autonomous Amphenol RF These are right-angle plugs to TNC

Mobile Robots: (Threaded Neill–Concelman) and RP
Autonomy Amphenol RF is a division of Amphenol (Reverse Polarity)-TNC IP67 straight
Corporation. Amphenol RF is the front mount bulkhead jack cable
Aided by new technologies, including world’s largest manufacturer of assemblies (Figure 3).
artificial intelligence (AI) and machine coaxial interconnect products for radio
learning (ML), AMRs can ‘learn’ how frequency (RF), microwave, and data These cable assemblies are available
to navigate to maximize productivity. transmission applications. As a leader in in a 1.13mm micro-cable type and
When AMRs experience unexpected enabling next-generation technology, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm,
contexts, they can adapt and adjust. Amphenol RF is constantly supporting and 300mm cable length. The AMC4
Self-correcting their course and global advancements in connectivity. RA to TNC/RP-TNC cable assemblies are
navigating any potential obstacles Amphenol RF is committed to providing offered with gold contact plating with
without being impeded. This solutions for autonomous mobile brass and phosphor bronze contact
technology gives them autonomy. robots in warehouse and industrial materials. The cable assemblies feature
environments. a 50Ω impedance and 6GHz maximum
frequency.
An excellent example of this is
Amphenol RF AUTOMATE® Type A
Mini-FAKRA Connectors (Figure 2).
These subminiature version B (SMB)
coaxial RF connectors feature a space-
conscious, high-performance interface.
This makes them well-suited for the
next generation of autonomous
vehicles and robotic applications.
This series supports up to 20Gbps data

transmission and reduces installation
space requirements by 80 percent
compared with standard FAKRA
(Fachkreis Automobil, a German
Figure 3: Amphenol RF AMC4 RA to TNC/RP-TNC Jack IP67
Autonomy means they can operate standard) products. Typical applications Cable Assemblies offer a maximum frequency of 6GHz, an
with a degree of ‘self-legislation’ or include 360° surround-view cameras, impedance of 50Ω, and are well-suited for AMRs. (Source:
Mouser Electronics
‘self-governance.’ This autonomy autonomous vehicles (AVs), and AMRs.
enables them to work independently of
external operators. Their programming Conclusion
is such that they can self-govern their
decision-making to optimize their Before robots can become smart
performance to stated objectives enough to move efficiently and work
constantly. independently among other machines
and people, they must be taught and
Programming includes making them have the ability to learn naturally from
coherent to themselves to assess and their surroundings. Like with infants,
prioritize what is considered higher- this process to move autonomously
and lower-order responses. Sensing, safely from one spot to another often
processing, and AI combine to make involves baby steps. Rarely does it
them responsive to reasons, meaning happen immediately.
they can see contextual clues and
respond with reason. Amphenol is engineering technology
to help robots make sense of their
Figure 2: Amphenol RF AUTOMATE® Type A Mini-FAKRA
ML, a subset of AI, uses algorithms Connectors support data transmission rates up to 20Gbps surroundings and make intelligent
and places them into structural and are well-suited for the next generation of autonomous connections to move about, freely
vehicles and robotic applications. (Source: Mouser
descriptions based on data examples. Electronics) on their own. You can follow their
ML enables the robot to ‘learn,’ progress by watching the Amphenol
making it responsive to reasoning AMRs often successfully employ PluggedIn Video Series where we
allowing its autonomous motion. Amphenol RF AMC4 RA to TNC/RP- discuss this and other topics and
Responsive reasoning will enable them TNC Jack IP67 Cable Assemblies. key products that demand more
to act and function independently of convenience, mobility, power,
human interface. and speed.

Micro
matters
By Adam Taylor
Microcontrollers - spanning a huge capability from 4-bit to 64-bit and beyond - are to be found everywhere.
Therefore, we thought it was high time that Mouser's Electronics Information Update presented a series of
articles looking at the MCU in detail, considering architectures, operation, selection, OS and tools. In this
latest chapter, Adam Taylor, Founder and Principal Consultant at Adiuvo Engineering and visiting professor
of embedded systems at the University of Lincoln, considers MCU operating systems.
MCU Operating Systems

So far in this series about At the simplest level, we can write A more efficient bare-metal application
microcontrollers, we have examined the application inside an infinite loop uses interrupts to indicate when a
their history, architecture, and selection. without an operating system. Such peripheral action has been completed.
In this article, we are going to take a an approach is called a bare-metal This enables the microcontroller to
deeper look at how we run applications development because there is no continue with other applications while
on a selected microcontroller. operating system and the application the peripheral performs its actions.
has direct access to the silicon registers For example, this could be sending or
Unlike microprocessors, there are and peripherals. receiving data over a GigE Interface.
several ways we can implement the More complex features included in
program running on a microcontroller. Typically, the microcontroller some microcontrollers like Direct
Implementing a software application manufacturer provides a range of drivers Memory Access (DMA) controllers
on a microcontroller can range from a and APIs to reduce the development further accelerate performance of the
simple bare-metal application running time and aid application development, system.
in a loop, to a fully-featured operating freeing the developer from having to
system. As always, the choice of write everything from first principles. Using interrupts to control the flow of
implementation comes down to end- applications is the basis of an operating
system requirements, the developers Only the simplest of applications can system. At the very simplest level,
experience, and ultimately what be implemented within an infinite loop a periodic timer is used to generate
is supported and available for the because the program flow becomes an interrupt at a fixed-time interval.
selected microcontroller. constrained when operations are The processor can run programs
running sequentially, one after the between these fixed intervals. On each
other. Due to the blocking nature of interrupt, the program that is running
function calls, even those that do not is suspended, state saved, and then the
need to be, are constrained in this way next program runs until the interrupt
when an infinite loop is used. fires again. This time-slicing technique
is the basis of operating systems.
When a peripheral of function is Changing between program is called
executed, the program halts until the context switching and programs are
peripheral / function completes its generally referred to as tasks. The order
activity. This reduces performance of that tasks are executed in is called the
the processor because the processor schedule and this is controlled by the
wastes cycles checking if the peripheral scheduler.
has completed its operation.

Of course, we need to be careful since

all operating systems share the same
physical memory and can access it.
To ease this provision of multiple

operating systems on different cores,
developers often use a framework called
OpenAMP. The OpenAMP framework
provides developers with the tools
required to implement diverse operating
systems on different cores. OpenAMP
also provides the developers with the
capabilities to manage the life cycle of
When tasks begin to run on the As a result, real-time processors and perform inter-processor
scheduler, they can be given a priority operating systems can be communication between cores running
to ensure they get a higher priority classified in one of three categories. different operating systems.
compared to other tasks.
• Hard RTOS – Missing a deadline is
Of course, scheduling gets more classified as a system failure.
complex when multiple processors are • Firm RTOS – Occasionally missing
introduced into the system because a deadline is acceptable and is not
tasks can be executed on different classified as a failure.
processors. • Soft RTOS – Missing a deadline simply
reduces the usefulness of the results.
When it comes to implementing
operating systems, there are several Popular real-time operating systems
different types. They range from light when a hard real time response is
touch real-time operating systems required, include FreeRTOS, NuttX,
that are still close to the bare silicon to Zephyr, and Micrium.
high-level operating systems such as
embedded Linux and hypervisors that It is common for modern One of the issues with OpenAMP
abstract away from the silicon. While microcontrollers to contain multiple or any other framework that runs
higher level of operating systems makes cores. These cores can be used in different operating systems on multiple
aspects such as networking, displays, several different manners by the processors is that each processor has
and USB etc. much easier to implement selected operating system or systems. access to the entire address space and
and work with, higher-level operating How we use these processors cores all the peripherals. This could present
systems require more complex features is called multi-processing and can be security issues. In this case, hypervisors
in the microprocessor like a Memory achieved in several different ways. We can be used to prevent this and limit
Management Unit (MMU). could use a single operating system operating system address space and
which manages the tasks executed available peripherals. A hypervisor is
At the basic level, what separates on each of the cores available. In this a layer that sits between the silicon
an operating system from a real- example, all the cores are under the and the operating systems, making
time operating system (RTOS) is control of a single operating system. memories and peripherals available to
determinism. That means the response In this approach, all the cores execute the operating systems being deployed
of the real-time operating system will a symmetrical operating system and as the architect requires them. When
meet a defined deadline. increase system performance since a hypervisor is used, each operating
multiple tasks can be executed in system thinks that it is the only one
The type of operating system required parallel across the cores. running and is unaware of other
depends upon the needs of the system. operating systems on processors,
If a RTOS is required, there are several However, some systems may require memories, or peripherals.
potential choices. These choices a real-time response but could also
depend upon how the system behaves benefit from the advantages provided When creating embedded solutions
if a computational deadline is missed. by a higher-level operating system like deployed on microcontrollers, selecting
For example, a self-driving system may embedded Linux. At least one core the most appropriate approach to
have <100ms to gather sensor data, executes a different operating system an operating system is crucial to
process the information, and decide. to the others in this approach. As an success. Each microcontroller has a
Failure to meet this deadline would be example, in a dual-core system, one range of operating systems from the
seen as a failure of the system due to core might run embedded Linux while thinnest of bare metal to full blown
the critical nature of the application. another core executes a RTOS. This embedded Linux solutions. When it
However, not all applications have such enables both a real-time response and comes to selecting a microcontroller,
hard requirements for a deadline. the high-level software application in its available operating systems can be a
the same microcontroller. considerable deciding factor.

University This year, Mouser began a sponsorship of a University

Technology Exposure Program with the Wevolver
Community. Wevolver aims to empower people to
create and innovate by providing access to engineering
knowledge. The community provides inspiring,
TECHNOLOGY informative content to millions of engineers every

month through a number of web and social channels.
The University Technology Exposure Program enables
students to share their work with the global engineering
community and industry.
Mouser has a long history of supporting the University

sector (which is detailed here). The Wevolver program will
last six months and we will detail submissions in a regular
blog in EIU. Readers can vote for their favourite project.
Spiders’ webs & robotic fish?

The third month of UTEP 2022 included submissions related to industrial manufacturing, wind energy,
microelectronics, environmental sensing, and more. This article presents a summary of the published write-ups.
Innovative MGV Machine The Future of Wind Energy is

#1.
for Transporting Parts in
Production Lines By Reza
#2.
Modular By Peter Taylor
Fakour To harness maximum wind energy, increasing the size of

turbines has been considered an effective strategy. It brings
down fixed costs, largely because it reduces the number of
Moving parts from one point to another in production
installations required for a given wind farm. But, there are
lines is one of the most basic tasks performed by factory
certain economic and technical limits that we are beginning
workers across all the manufacturing industries. The
to reach.
transport equipment requires a driver and comes with high
maintenance costs.
In this article, Reza explains a project about simple, effective,

compact, and heavy-duty mechanical guided vehicles
that navigate through the factory and stop at stations
automatically for loading/offloading. The product comes
with a 400V DC motor and can be manufactured for a lower
price compared to conventional industrial transport systems.
Read the complete article here.
Peter Taylor proposes a multi-rotor wind turbine (MRWT),

an array of many smaller rotors on a single support structure
rather than using a single large rotor like the conventional
wind turbines. The new design improves performance,
reduces maintenance costs, and looks great at the same
time.
Check out the details by visiting this link.

Biologically inspired robotic Spiderweb Microchip Sensors

#3.
fish for dense 3D data
collection By Michael Da Silva
#5.
Allow One of the World's
Mmost Precise Microchip
Sensor By Andrea Cupertino
The collection of temperature data underwater is a
challenging task that is presently carried out using expensive Isolation from surrounding vibrations is one of the biggest
ocean gliders costing anywhere between $125,000 and challenges to operating vibrating microchip sensors. These
$500,000. Besides being expensive, they are sometimes too devices are in high demand for quantum technologies and
large to navigate to all portions of the reef. precision sensing applications at room temperature. The
signals detected via these sensors are often so tiny that they
The article by Michael Da Silva showcases a biologically are hidden by ambient thermal noise, requiring temperatures
inspired robotic fish that navigates through the complex close to absolute zero to detect them. This has driven the
microenvironments and collects 3D temperature data. The discovery of new strategies to improve the system's degree
robotic fish uses 3D printed, cable-actuated wave springtails of isolation.
made from soft materials. It is affordable, durable, robust,

and runs for hundreds of thousands of cycles without any
degradation to systems.
Read more on this from this page.
FRESH: Friendly peRsonalised Andrea Cupertino’s project demonstrates the ability of
#4.
Environmental Screening for
Healthy living By Tara Sharp
machine learning to work in tandem with human intuition
to augment creative possibilities and uncover new strategies
in computing and nanotechnology for recovering most
data using a spiderweb microchip sensor. The project could
Air pollution is among the greatest environmental risks to just be the first step towards the rational design of the
human health. It is directly or indirectly a cause of millions next generation of microchip vibrating sensors. The author
of deaths every year. Given its massive impact on the lives of believes the same design strategy can possibly be applied to
every living entity on the planet, it is necessary to take steps a wide range of applications yet to be discovered.
to mitigate it.
Read the submission here.
Vote for your

favourite
We invite our readers to participate in the community
Tara Sharp presents FRESH: Friendly peRsonalised voting event to show support for their favorite
Environmental Screening for Healthy living, an affordable submissions. The links to the community voting event
solution for gathering data for dozens of air quality indicators will be shared on Wevolver’s social media pages.
like Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, The winner of the monthly community vote will be
Ozone, Carbon Dioxide, Total Volatile Organic Compounds, invited for an interview with Wevolver to discuss
Particulate Matter, Ultraviolet Radiation and even odor their innovation and the associated technology. This
and noise. interview will be shared across all our social channels
which has over 700,000 followers.
Access the full article here.

Motor Muse
By Martin Hill, MPH Technical Consultancy Ltd
The tried, tested, and indispensable electric motor has served

the world for almost two hundred years, and recent product
trends have elevated the associated technology to more general
public awareness. People, in general, know more details about a
motor than before. Will that inspire more entrepreneurs like Elon
Musk, and what else is required to refine and improve motor
applications? This article will review some factors influencing the
future of motor applications from a technical and more holistic
view.
The Future of Motor

Applications
Introduction The price has to be correct, though, and Still, low-cost electric scooters and other
like many products before, it takes time to personal light electric vehicles (PLEVS)
We appreciate that trends move with replace an incumbent. Remember Cathode could do with their own, mainly for safety
needs, the times, supply, and demand. Ray Tube televisions? It took a long time reasons. New infrastructure, however,
Today’s have been evolving in line with for flat-panel technology to replace them. takes time to implement—for example,
the gradual acceptance that CO2 emissions the internet, where greater adoption
are harming the environment in which we There is now an overriding demand for comes with accessibility. Enter Musk again
live. So, the Internal Combustion Engine electrically powered vehicles, the price is with the Starlink satellite project.
(ICE) has been targeted via legislation to about right, but the supply is under strain.
be replaced with alternative technology We live with legacy and evolution,
in the vehicles we drive. That, coupled making it a challenge for town planners
with the rising price of petrol and diesel, is to accommodate new infrastructure.
creating an increased demand for electric Despite that, electric vehicle charging
vehicles, from cars and buses to bicycles facilities and alternative pathways to
and scooters, to name the main ones. travel on are becoming more widespread.
Standardization of infrastructure will make
People are sensitized to the cost of living, electric vehicles easier to use.
and they find ways to compensate for
rising prices. From the comfort of a chair,
they can browse available products and
read articles to appreciate the tech behind
them, particularly electrically powered Figure 1: CO2 emission reduction, the leading market driver
vehicles. Armed with basic information,

they can contemplate owning a newer Infrastructure and
generation (personal transport) vehicle Standards
and understand if the investment makes
sense. Many have now done that exercise, Electric vehicles designed for the road, and
and you see the outcome on our roads meeting all the relevant standards, have
right now. existing infrastructure to operate.
Figure 2: EV Charging Infrastructure

Personal versus Public Transport Key ingredients include: However, one of the main drawbacks
is the cost.
Historically we have had options to use Metals Copper, Iron, Steel,
our own or public transportation. The Aluminium, Nickel, Cobalt Refining the development of battery
latter is more efficient from the energy Magnets Ferrite material, Neodymium/ technology will improve the adoption of
usage perspective. Many cities have Boron, Samarium electric motor-powered vehicles.
made it advantageous to use the last Additives Dysprosium
now because they introduced charges
for cars entering certain zones at Insulators Silicon, Acrylate,
different times to reduce ICE pollution Rubber, Enamel
and traffic congestion. This is more
prevalent, especially with legislative The cost of these fluctuates, but demand
requirements or agreements imposed. or limited supply issues cause a dramatic
impact on occasion. Newer materials
However, cost, comfort, and efficiency are finding their way into electric motor
need to be optimized for broader designs, particularly alternative magnetic
acceptance of public transport if we are materials, including soft magnetic Figure 5: Li-ion battery
to leave our vehicles in the form of cars composites. Performance magnets are
at home for now. Aligning with this is traditionally the highest cost proportionally Motor Design,
free WiFi on buses and trains, in the higher efficiency electric motors. Manufacture, and
for example. Incorporation
Electric motors are designed for a
Hiring electrically powered vehicles for budget and align with the needs of an The route to designing and making
more local travel is generally available application. Those in use 24/7, like in a motor for a specific application will
when we get to a destination. You may HVAC systems, should be designed with become refined as the demand increases.
also consider it advantageous to use one very high efficiency. Whereas for those Until now, electric machine design has
to get to work locally instead of taking with lower operating time requirements, been a specialist activity. This is similar to
your car or, even better, walking/jogging a coffee grinder for your kitchen does not the niche Radio Frequency (RF) electronic
or using a conventional bicycle. need the same focus. We need to use designers when the demand for mobile
materials wisely as more electric motor phones/handsets took off in the eighties.
designs are deployed, and power output
per unit volume has become a focus in However, the successful integration
motor design. This aspect undoubtedly of an electric motor relies on its
receives attention in cost-sensitive high- controller, involving electronic hardware
volume applications where a specific and software. The multi-disciplinary
or custom motor design is applicable. engineering nature of motor systems
However, the same principle should be presents a challenge, and more systems-
placed on right-sizing an application's type engineering skills are required moving
motor if using an off-the-shelf motor. forward. Fortunately, engineering tools are
available to complement this approach.
Batteries
Figure 3: Electric bicycle hire The manufacture of traditional motors is
Electric vehicle motor deployments are predominantly done in the lowest cost
mainly due to the battery technology, manufacturing centers worldwide but
which provides the power for them to finding a locally based (linkage) partner
operate. The energy density has improved is a good objective. However, 3D printer
dramatically since the days of the lead- type technology offers a way to at least
acid batteries that powered the electric prototype an electric motor (or some
vehicles that delivered milk to your door. subsystem components) for proof of
concept, bringing engineers closer to their
To add some perspective, a typical car 40 designs. If a specific machine can make
Amp/hour 12V lead-acid battery has (in all or most of the parts economically, that
theory) a power versus time capability of machine can operate in more locations on
480 Watt/hour in a footprint of 5818cm3 the planet!
and a weight of approximately 19kg.
Figure 4: Electric Bus
New Generation Tools
An electric bicycle Lithium-Ion 36V, 14.5
Materials Amp/hour battery pack has (in theory) a Systems
power versus time capability of 522 Watt/
Because electric motors have been hour in a footprint of 3690 cm3 and a
using similar constructions and with Simulation tools have been refined
weight of approximately 4kg. over the years, and some have the tag
the same sort of materials since their
inception, you can think of them as “Industry Standard” due to their longevity,
So, more power for longer in a smaller adoption, and usefulness. These include
using standard recipes. footprint and lower weight with Lithium- those from The Mathworks and PLEXIM,
Ion technology. and there are others.

They all started with a specific problem to Innovation The associated Infrastructure for the
solve and then refined with more levels of greater adoption of the multitude of
detail added. The evolution of these tools New applications for motors are also vehicles, including PLEVS, is required
is going across engineering disciplines dependent on finding more intelligent and poses challenges for town planners.
when required for a complete systems and efficient ways to use them. The Traffic congestion or pollution charges
analysis and design. In this way, you integrated motor and drive have been limit the number of cars entering highly
have a model of your system that can be done in this respect, but adding value will populated areas, which may assist with
related to a supplied example, but levels come through motion or other sensors providing electric vehicle infrastructure.
of detail are provided. The levels of detail to control or monitor a motor. The usage
decompose each system component, of low-cost inertial sensors will assist The electric motor’s present and future
enabling the modeling of control in adding value and smart features to success not only relies on motor design
algorithms, electronics, mechanical, existing and new system designs. efficiency but also on the battery
thermal, and magnetic subsystems. technology that enables them to operate
Mouser offers a wide range of sensors for longer, between recharging, in most
Motor Design and Simulation at this link https://www.mouser.com/c/ applications. They are reliant and feed
sensors off each other.
As mentioned, motor design has
traditionally been a specialist activity. Conclusion More systems-type engineering skills will
However, tools such as those available enable more rapid motor-based product
from Motor Design enable a motor In this article, we reviewed some developments. The associated systems
control systems engineer to design and technical and more holistic market and motor design tools complement
develop a motor for a specific application. drivers/requirements related to the these skills. They are refined and easier
The target motor’s operating environment future of motor applications. These are to use with their widespread adoption.
can also be simulated using drive cycle summarized and included:
usage cases that can predict the all- Combining other technologies to form
important temperature rise of the motor. Electric motor usage is expanding due to intelligent motion systems should also
Using a supplied example could be the several factors, including the legislation spawn new generation motor-based
first step, promoting reuse, refinement, linked to phasing out of the ICE and, products.
and a potentially faster design route. The more recently, the significantly rising cost
investment in these tools aligns with your of energy.
needs/usage, and the cost is related to
their specialist nature.
Compact and capable micro-pitch

connectors ideal for IIoT modules
and embedded computing
Archer .5 and .8mm

Board-to-Board Connectors

Talking Test
By Stuart Cording, Consulting Engineer
Still stuck at home but needing good test resources?

Or back in the lab but looking for flexibility and portability?
Electronics engineer and technical writer Stuart Cording,
who focuses primarily on the semiconductor and embedded
systems sectors, is here to help.
Measuring
Signals Great
and Small
The great thing about working as a Accuracy in Energy The EM540 and EM530 also offer a
developer is the tremendous variation 100ms response time for each of its
Consumption
the role offers. One day you may voltage, current, power, and other
be examining the details of a serial single-phase and system variables.
interface on a microcontroller; the Industrial equipment is not known
next could be spent setting up data for its beauty or attention to detail
This is beneficial for photovoltaic (PV)
acquisition for a new project; by regarding user interfaces. However,
installations that require zero feed-
the end of the week, you may be this changes with the Carlo Gavazzi
in management (i.e., where excess
tentatively powering up a 20kW motor. portfolio of two- and three-phase
generated energy is not allowed to
Each task demands different skills Energy Analyzers. The EM530 and
be fed back into the grid) compared
and understanding, from electronics EM540 (Figure 1) retain the typical
to some energy analyzers that are too
and data protocols to software backlit LCD of such devices, but their
slow for this purpose.
programming and electrical safety. team has made significant efforts to
Many engineers are pretty coy about ensure good usability, from installation
their work, as they’re probably a little to daily use.
worried about everyone finding out
how much fun we have! For example, the numbers after
the decimal point in the energy
However, there is also a very serious measurement display are smaller than
side to our occupation: improving the digits before the decimal point.
people’s lives and the environment we This minimizes the typical struggle
live in. We reduce energy consumption, those of us of advancing years have
minimize manufacturing waste, and with reading numerical displays. A
extend equipment life through more ‘slideshow’ function also displays the
targeted maintenance. desired measurements in sequence
without touching the unit. The devices
also have an easy-to-browse menu
Thus it is essential to have access
system operated by three mechanical
to high-quality equipment that can
buttons.
measure signals, great and small,
enabling us to make appropriate
choices when developing and A high level of accuracy is achieved Figure 1: For energy monitoring applications, the Carlo
Gavazzi EM530 and EM540 offer remote data access, a clean
debugging systems, testing end-of-line, with a frequency resolution of 0.001Hz user interface, two- or three-phase measurement, and MID
and installing equipment. and an energy resolution of 0.001kWh. certification.

The energy analyzers can also provide Industrial motor efficiency can be The unit provides USB (USBTMC
accurate run-time recording to support assessed with equipment like the B&K compliant), RS232, and LAN interfaces
predictive maintenance. By defining Precision 5335C, a compact, single- for those seeking to set up automated
a threshold above the attached phase AC/DC power meter (Figure 2). testing. When analyzing grid-tied
equipment’s standby-by consumption, It can handle power measurements up systems, the integration function
the units can operate as run hour to 600Vrms and 20 Arms, providing delivers current integral and active
meters. Stand-by mode time can also a bandwidth of up to 100kHz. The power integral (Wh) measurements
be determined by subtracting the run included oscilloscope visualizes both with automatic range switching.
hours from the total operating time. voltage and current waveforms,
Data is available to monitoring systems negating the need for additional
via Modbus RTU. When combined with measurement equipment.
Electronic Data Gathering
the UWP (Universal Web Platform)
bridge, support teams can also use Successful new electronic designs rely
External transducers may be attached
this data link to detect incorrect wiring upon an excellent understanding of the
(10A/2V max) when undertaking
and advise on how to resolve the issue data their sensors collect. And, if you
current measurement above the
remotely. are venturing into the world of machine
equipment’s specified 20A. For PWM
learning (ML), you really cannot have
speed controller motor applications,
enough data. ML algorithms allow
The EM530 is suitable for low- measurements are supported over
embedded software engineers to
voltage switchboards in conjunction the 0.5Hz to 100kHz range (Figure 3).
tackle challenges that are exceptionally
with current transformers with a Finally, connectivity, test connections,
difficult to program using rule-based
5A secondary current. This enables and an external trigger are neatly laid
programming. Detecting long-term
operation in systems rated to 10kA. out at the rear of the unit.
issues, such as the degradation in
The EM540 is rated to measure currents
operation of a power supply or motor,
up to 65A. Both units, in a 3-DIN rail
requires an understanding of ambient
mount housing, are also offered as a
and local temperature, current draw, load
MID option with a seal point, making
changes, and input and output voltages
them suitable for submetering in
under dynamic operating conditions.
residential applications.
Set-and-forget tools, such as the

Ensuring Efficiency Digilent MCC USB-230 DAQ devices,
in Drives are an ideal option for minimal outlay
to gather the data needed. Available in
Energy efficiency in electric motors two sampling rate options, supporting
has been on the radar of regulatory 50kS/s (USB-231) and 100kS/s (USB-
bodies for several decades. In the 234), the units connect conveniently via
2000s, energy consumption by motors Figure 3: The 5335C power meter can determine PWM
micro-USB type B to your PC or laptop
alone lay at 69% of that used by the speed-controlled motor efficiency at input voltages of up to (Figure 4). Four 16-bit differential or
industrial sector, according to data from
600 V. Optionally, external current transducers may be used. eight single-ended inputs support
the International Energy Agency (IEA). ±10V (±30V overvoltage protection)
Featuring a colour 4.3-inch TFT
Today, rotating electrical machinery with 300kHz bandwidth for analogue
display, the unit is configured
energy-efficiency classes are defined measurements. The analogue output
using nine soft buttons. Up to 12
in the IEC 60024 standard. These also operates at up to ±10V with an
measurement parameters can be
range from International Efficiency – or update rate of 5kS/s maximum per
shown simultaneously, including peak
IE – level 1 through 4, although IE1 channel. Eight digital I/Os operate at
inrush current and voltage surge. Pre-
motors have since been banned in up to 5V and ±4mA. The feature set
compliance EMC testing for IEC 62000-
many regions, including the European is rounded off with a 32-bit counter
3-2/4-7 is possible thanks to harmonic
Community. triggered on rising edges.
measurements up to the 50th order.
Naturally, the USB-230 DAQs are

competently supported by a selection
of software tools. DAQami is a visual
tool for data acquisition and signal
generation (Figure 5). Its simple
drag-and-drop interface supports
easy visualization of data, and it also
supports multiple USB-230 devices
connected to the same PC. There is also
the MCC Universal Library for those
looking to develop data acquisition
software customized to their unique
needs, with programming support for
Python on Windows. Linux developers
Figure 2: Accurate efficiency measurements for motors, DC-driven devices, and product line testing can be mastered with the are similarly supported with uldaq.
B&K Precision 5335C power meter.

Beyond the classics, such as serial, SPI,

and I2C, there is support for decoding
the protocols used for EEPROMs,
7-segment displays, DALI, LIN, CAN,
and various Arm processor debug
interfaces (Figure 7).
The hardware can handle signals up

to 5.25V and is powered by the USB
port to which it is connected. Colour-
coded, female-to-female jumper wires
facilitate connections to the target
system, so some boards, such as
Figure 4: Data acquisition is ably provided by the Digilent MCC USB-230 DAQ, a USB-based tool. The terminal blocks ease the
Arduino, require an additional male pin
connection of signals to the DAQ unit. header. Getting started is also easy,
thanks to an excellent SparkFun tutorial
covering the use of the sigrok graphical
Alternatively, the DAQs are also The registers, functionality, and user interface (GUI) and command-line
supported in LabVIEW and MATLAB. datasheet description are always interface (CLI).
different from that which we are used
to. As a result, bringing the serial
interfaces to life is often challenging, All Signals, Great and
leaving developers wondering if the Small, Measured
baud rate and other settings have been
correctly understood and configured. Engineers have always relied on high-
So, if you don’t already have one, it quality data to make optimal design
makes sense to acquire a logic analyzer. decisions, whether in a system or while
developing one. Energy efficiency
And today, there is no excuse for not is probably one of the most critical
Figure 5: Visualization of data acquired by the USB-230 DAQ having one. Units like the SparkFun challenges of our time, so fully-featured
can be displayed in DAQami. Libraries are also available to
develop customized acquisition software apps. USB Logic Analyzer provide a 24MHz power analyzers are likely to be of
sampling rate with eight channels at growing interest for many development
a price point that suits every pocket teams. And increasingly, some
Serial Interface Sleuthing (Figure 6). Supported by the open- applications can only attain further
source software project sigrok, protocol improvements using ML techniques.
One of the most challenging parts decoders are available for the common Even if it is only a simple neural
about moving to a new microcontroller to the esoteric. network, it requires a lot of data to
supplier is learning the operation of the learn successfully, which is where your
peripherals. DAQ comes in. While microcontrollers
and serial interfaces are wonderful,
they tend to leave us scratching our
heads! Thanks to low-cost hardware
and the efforts of the open-source
community, there is no excuse not
to have a logic analyzer to hand that
opens up a window into what’s going
on in those wires.
Figure 6: As a tool to quickly debug serial interfaces of

almost any kind, it is difficult to beat the budget SparkFun Figure 7: The SparkFun Logic Analyzer is supported by sigrok, which offers an incredibly diverse range of protocol and
USB 8-Channel/24 MHz Logic Analyzer. signal decoders, such as Gray code. (Source: sigrok)

From the
Connector Geek
Don’t diss connectors! David Pike is proud to call himself the ‘Connector Geek’.
He has spent nearly 30 years in the interconnection marketplace, working with
manufacturers and distributors, building a reputation throughout the industry
for his passion and knowledge. So we gave him his own series...
I LIKE BIG PLUGS

AND I CANNOT LIE…
The factory is the home of some of the The factory floor is home to extremes Their cylindrical shape of is
most interesting innovations in recent of temperature, contaminants, mechanically very strong, and can
years. With the advent of the Internet vibration and shock, all of which secured fastened using screw threads
of Things and its industrial equivalent have the potential to cause damage or bayonet locking. The circular design
known as Industry 4.0, the factory if components are not chosen with also enables easy sealing against water
has become a place where data has care. At the same time, cables and ingress as it allows the use of rubber
become as important a raw material as connectors that carry high currents can O-rings. They almost exclusively employ
metal, oil or plastic. themselves become hot. machined contacts that offer higher
current ratings and greater durability
The modern smart factory uses data Connectors destined for use in than cheaper, stamped-and-formed
to automate the industrial process. industrial automation applications designs.
Sensors collect information, which is must therefore be designed with these
shared with other machines, including conditions in mind. Manufacturers For these reasons, many connectors
AI-powered edge computers, to make have developed a bewildering array of destined for military applications are
split-second decisions – we looked at solutions for this harsh environment, circular, and many have found their
this topic in the June 2022 issue of EIU. even while developing new variations way into the industrial world. The
This increased flow of information on that can cope with the data-centric MIL-DTL-5015 family is amongst the
the factory floor has seen a growth in demands of the new smart factory. oldest still in use, and has been widely
the number of connectors to carry the adopted by industrial users due to its
data at high speeds.
Developed for the robust design and easy availability. The
97 Series from Amphenol and the CIRP
With this interest in the latest Military, Used in family from TE Connectivity are both
technology, it can be easy to forget Industry based upon the 5015 design. Created
that the factory is still home to heavy specifically for harsh conditions, they are
equipment. Machines still have high Circular connectors have been a proven capable of carrying currents of 70 Amps
power requirements, and the increasing solution for harsh environments, and higher and are made of materials
sophistication of the smart factory and allowing engineers to take advantage that can operate in temperatures
its flexibility means that connectors of a range of the benefits provided by demanded by the military market.
that carry high current and voltage their design.
are more important than ever. Rapid
reconfiguration of the manufacturing
process relies on the ability to quickly
connect power supplies safely.
Even with this new-found emphasis on

flexibility and data, the factory remains
a tough environment for connectors
and electronics.
MIL-DTL-5015 Connectors

Manufacturers are continuing to The LEMO design has proved itself Han®-Modular combines standard
develop variations that can trace their highly versatile, and one of the DIN housings with a huge range of
origins to military connectors. The Trim key features of the LEMO family sub-components.
Trio family from Souriau offers a range is the range of different contact
of connectors with the choice of plastic arrangements that are available. This This allows the user to specify different
or metal housings and are available in includes many options for mixed or modules to be fitted inside that will
a range of configurations that use a hybrid connectors. A hybrid connector create a unique combination tailored
common contact design. employs contacts of different sizes for a particular application.
within a single shell, allowing the
This makes it easy to find a connector connector to perform more than one These modules include signal and
that is suitable for a number of function. An example might include power contact types, alongside
different applications, but takes the connection for a sensor which specialist options including high-speed
advantage of a reduced number of will require power and signal contacts ethernet connections.
components and tooling requirements. within the same small housing
Despite their long service, the Trim-Trio
family has stayed relevant and now
employs the latest in ergonomic design.
More than purely cosmetic, this modern
design makes the connectors easier to
use whilst wearing gloves, making them
ideal for use in the harsh conditions
found in industrial applications.
Designed for the

Industrial Role
Beyond the military world, there are Circular connectors in use
many options available for industrial

use. In the May 2022 issue of EIU,
Heavy-Duty
we looked at the M12 connector that
has become so popular for a range Rectangular
of industrial applications, including Connectors
networking, power and sensors. The
M12 uses a 12mm metric thread and is When it comes to industrial rectangular
just one section of a family of solutions connectors, there is one design that
that range from 5mm up to 23mm. will be familiar to anyone who has
These M-series connectors are widely ever visited a factory. The heavy-duty Image: HARTING.com
used in the industrial world, and are DIN connector is a staple of machine
available from several manufacturers, connectivity. The DIN housings used by the Han®-
including Phoenix Contact, Molex and Modular family can be sealed for use
Lumberg. Protected by large, robust housings, in the harsh conditions of the factory
these are amongst the most versatile floor. The modules they employ can
Several manufacturers have created solutions in industrial automation, bridge the gap between traditional
specialist push-pull connectors that offering a range of electrical contacts industrial connectivity and the latest
move away from screw- or bayonet- along with data, fibre optics and even smart factory applications. They provide
locking systems. Employing a push- pneumatic connections. a single solution to the problem of
pull locking system allows circular delivering power and data to the
connectors to be placed closer when It is hard to talk about these connectors latest machines.
employed in a panel-mounting without talking about HARTING.
application, as it is easier to disconnect Although not the only manufacturer Alongside the sophistication of the
with just fingertips. This contrasts with to make these industrial heavyweights, smart factory, there remains the need
more conventional locking mechanisms HARTING has come to be one of the for heavy duty power connections.
that often require a greater amount key players in this market with their Fortunately, the connector industry
of space. hugely popular Han® connector. offers a comprehensive array of
products that can combine power
Some of the earliest push-pull Han® range from HARTING offers one and data, even in the tough industrial
connectors were manufactured by of the most comprehensive solutions in environment. This is one of the most
Swiss company LEMO, and are still the industrial market. One of the most fascinating corners of the connector
available today. versatile elements of range is the Han®- world, but it need not be daunting.
Modular offering. Don’t be afraid of embracing big plugs!

The development
tools you need
Top 5 Development Tools
Mouser offers one of the widest ranges of development kits immediately available off-the-shelf to help
designers get started. Here, Mouser’s Technical Marketing Manager, EMEA, Mark Patrick, presents his
‘Top 5 Pick’ of recently-released dev kits. www.mouser.com/Development-Tools-Center
Op amps simplified
Analog Devices Inc. EVAL-ADA4098-2
Analog Devices Inc. EVAL-ADA4098-2 eval kit evaluates the

ADA4098-2 10-lead, a lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP)
op-amp. The EVAL-ADA4098-2EBZ is a pre-populated board using
a gain of 1 configuration. The EVAL-ADA4098-2EBZ design allows
simplified and efficient use. The EVAL-ADA4098-2EBZ has
edge-mounted SMA connectors on the inputs and outputs to
allow efficient connection to test equipment or other circuits.
FIND OUT MORE >>
Biosensing?
ams OSRAM AS705x eval kit
This ams OSRAM eval kit is designed to facilitate the

evaluation of AS7056 and AS7057 biosensors and test
them in various applications. The kit offers complete
flexibility by locating the biosensor, temperature sensor,
accelerometer, and electrodes on the break-out board,
allowing accessibility in any application and connection to
the mainboard.
After dismounting the sensor board, connecting to the

wristband is available with the PicoBlade connector.
The ams OSRAM AS705x Eval Kit utilizes the USB
connection to a PC and comes with a GUI, enabling the
user to change registry settings and see measurement
results. The SDK contains algorithms for HRM, HRV, and
SpO2. Additionally, the kit can quickly probe any signals
important for development at the pin headers.
FIND OUT MORE >>

Under pressure
Sensirion SEK-SDP8xx eval kit
This Sensirion eval kit provides an easy-to-use and cost-

effective demonstration platform for the company’s SDP8xx
pressure sensors. SDP8xx Sensors are based on CMOSens®
sensor technology, which combines the sensor element,
signal processing, and digital calibration on a small CMOS
chip. The SDP8xx Sensors measure the pressure of air and
non-aggressive gases with superb accuracy and no offset
drift. The devices cover a pressure range of up to ±500Pa
(±2” H2O / ±5mbar) and deliver outstanding accuracy, even
at the bottom end of the measuring range.
The Sensirion SEK-SDP8xx Differential Pressure Evaluation

The lizard kit kit consists of an adapter cable and a differential pressure
sensor. It is designed to connect to a SEK-SensorBridge
Silicon Labs PG23 Pro environmental sensing kit, which connects to a PC running
the SEK-ControlCenter Software, enabling control of the
target device’s settings and data logging.
Silicon Labs’ PG23 Pro kit is an excellent starting point
to become familiar with the EFM32PG23™ Gecko
microcontroller. The kit contains sensors and peripherals FIND OUT MORE >>
to demonstrate some of the EFM32PG23’s many
capabilities nand provides all the necessary tools for
developing an EFM32PG23 Gecko application.
The EFM32PG2 features a 32-bit ARM® Cortex®-M33

core with 80MHz maximum operating frequency, up to
512kB of flash and 64kB of RAM, a robust peripheral set
and up to 34 GPIO.
FIND OUT MORE >>
Get started
Renesas RZ/T2M MCU dev platform
This kit provides a complete demonstration and development

platform for RZ/T2M family microprocessors. RZ/T2M MPUs
integrate functions for motor control, networking, and
functional safety (FuSA) into a single chip. The RZ/T2M Group
MPUs feature a dual Arm® Cortex®-R52 CPU for real-time
control and large, tightly coupled memory (576KB) directly
connected to the CPU to realize high-performance real-time
processing. In addition to motor control peripheral functions,
the devices provide abundant peripherals such as ECC,
functional safety, industrial Ethernet, and TSN standards that
are required for industrial equipment.
The starter kit features a pre-installed RZ/T2M MPU. It also includes

a wide range of ports and headers, allowing easy expansion and
enabling a full demonstration of the features of the target device.
FIND OUT MORE >>

Tech Tips
The Critical
Component in
Low Power Products
is the Designer
By Steven Keeping for Mouser
The Arm® Cortex®-M33 processor is And this comes with no performance And yet, ask any two engineers to design
a popular choice for wireless systems compromise; this is a very powerful a solution for a given application from
designers looking to wring out every device. (For the technically minded, the the same box of low-power bits, and the
last microwatt from the constrained Cortex-M33 boasts 4.02 CoreMark/ resulting designs will have completely
power budget of their IoT designs. That’s megahertz). different battery life. And not by just
because it offers high performance while a few percent. It’s not unusual for one
consuming very little energy. The components offered to support an design to be half as effective as the other
embedded processor in a low-power at making the most of the battery’s
wireless design bring similar levels of energy. The difference comes down
efficiency. For example, consider the to the designer’s skill and experience.
radio in a Bluetooth® LE or Zigbee SoC. And that makes the person behind the
It was not so long ago that these devices product the most important influence on
consumed several tens of milliwatts while its power consumption.
sending or receiving data across the
wireless link. What is it that the skilled low-power
product designer knows that’s news
That’s a huge amount when you’ve only to the rest of us? It comes down to
got a tiny power budget and a user hardware selection, good coding, testing,
expectation of months of battery life. and sleep. Lots of sleep.
Today’s state-of-the-art short-range
wireless SoCs do much more with less, Peripherals Are
offering greater range and throughput
Paramount
Arm is an intellectual property (IP) vendor than the previous generation of products
that sells its processor know-how to while consuming just a few milliwatts. Experienced designers know that it’s not
chip makers who then implement the just the key components like processor,
design in their own hardware, either as Through design, material, and fabrication radio, and memory that determine
a standalone processor or embedded advances, the power consumption of energy consumption, peripherals are
as part of a System-on-Chip (SoC). processors, memory, radios, analog- important too. When battery life is
The ultimate efficiency of the design to-digital converters (ADCs), linear measured in months, even a lowly
of course depends on the hardware regulators (LDOs), and the rest is a passive can shave off days of energy if
implementation, but according to the fraction of what it was just a few it’s inefficient.
Arm datasheet for the Cortex-M33, it’s years back. That’s given designers the
not unreasonable to expect a power opportunity to markedly extend their It’s hardly news that good design choices
drain of around 10 microwatts per product’s battery life or shrink its form include peripherals with low-energy
megahertz while the processor goes factor by using smaller cells. demands and -quiescent currents.
about its business.

But it’s also important to think about

how the device will be used. For example,
consider a built-in accelerometer; if
the application only needs to know
when it’s been inverted, then it’s good
practice to ensure that’s the only time the
accelerometer reports its position rather
than continuously transmitting every tiny
movement. Nordic’s Power Profiler Kit II
Care is also needed to select components That makes it quicker to spot the lines The best way to get a complete picture
with the minimum power dissipation. For of code that, for example, fire up is to take a detailed look at long-term
example, buck/boost voltage regulators peripherals when they’re not strictly power consumption using a full-blown
and LDOs all burn some power during needed or fail to put them to sleep once power analyzer.
operation so it’s important to select the they’ve executed their task. That way the designer can clearly identify
most efficient while still supporting the the transient power spikes that are
needs of the application. This approach Once the obvious code errors have been common to low power wireless designs
should extend to the less obvious parts of eliminated, the skilled designer scrutinizes and make sure that each one corresponds
the circuit. For example, when a voltage code for more subtle things like the with an activity that’s strictly necessary.
divider is used to lower the voltage for an processor entering a non-computation
ADC it should be designed such that it waiting loop—burning power while The downside of this technique is that
dissipates the minimum amount of power effectively achieving nothing—when it power analyzers are very expensive, very
through the shunt resistor. could be put to sleep. A second problem heavy, and very closely guarded by chief
is a subsystem that does go to sleep as engineers.
Another common failing is to design intended but is frequently awakened
signal pulldowns such that they pull the when it’s not strictly necessary. For There are some more portable—and
voltage to ground but don’t minimize example, a timer might be set to wake considerably less expensive—equipment
current leakage. That’s a persistent drain up the processor so that it can read options for giving a reasonably detailed
on battery energy and has a significant some sensor data even if the application view of a wireless device’s power
impact over the long term. doesn’t need the information right then. consumption.
Good Code Saves Energy Another common mistake made by the One example is Nordic’s Power Profiler
less-experienced designer is to forget to Kit II. For less than $100, the designer
Once the circuit is assembled it’s disable the event logging that’s useful can use this test tool to check out his or
important that all the elements always during development and debugging but her product’s power consumption and
run at the lowest energy consumption is not needed in the field. The danger then compare it with expected behavior
level possible. That’s not to suggest is that products leave the factory and using a complimentary online power
things should be frequently switched spend their lives in the field switching profiler running a simulator. The estimate
off because then the start-up cycles on peripherals to log information that’ll can be cross-referenced to the Power
will take too long and compromise never be used. But what will be used is Profiler Kit’s results to highlight any
the user experience. But most modern the battery’s energy. anomalies which can then be inspected
low-power components have various more closely to find their cause.
standby and sleep modes where energy Check What’s Happening
consumption is negligible, yet start-up Conclusion
latency is low. The skilled designer uses Testing the average current consumption
those capabilities to make sure that of an end-product is a simple way to Tomorrow’s low-power devices will make
components are not expending energy estimate battery life. But it probably today’s look like power-greedy monsters.
unless they really need to. won’t tell the full story. Well-designed But with current supply chain challenges,
wireless devices continuously change it will be a while until they’re readily
In addition, the experienced engineer between low power- and active-modes, available. The good news is that designers
will check his or her code for triggers and low duty cycles are very common. don’t have to sit still. Even the most skilled
or interrupts that might generate That means a short average-current test engineer is unlikely to have got everything
unnecessary power consumption. To might miss infrequent peak consumption right the first time. That makes a review of
make their lives easier, these engineers events that might still have a significant existing products worthwhile as it’s very
typically structure their code to make it impact on the battery life. likely to reveal some useful energy savings
simple to read through. enhancements that can be passed on
to users.

Long-reach Ethernet switches NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
slash power and space
Expanding upon its robust portfolio of 10BASE-T1L
single pair Ethernet solutions, Analog Devices delivers
the ADIN2111, a complete, single-chip solution for
10BASE-T1L line, ring and daisy chain networks.
These switches slash power consumption up to 50% and

reduce board space by up to 75% compared to discrete
implementations. The ADIN2111 switches also add Long
Reach Ethernet connectivity to controllers, sensors, and
actuators, delivering insights for more efficient and
sustainable building management.
The ADIN2111 Ethernet switches, available from Mouser The ADIN2111 supports line lengths up to 1,700 meters while
Electronics, feature two integrated physical layer (PHY) consuming only 77mW, and the two PHY cores support
cores, a media access control (MAC) interface, SPI, I/O clock 1V or 2.4V swing data transfer voltages from 1.8V to 3.3V
buffering, and analog circuitry to provide a flexible solution supply voltage. The device can automatically forward traffic
for network topologies with support up to 1 km between between two Ethernet ports without the need for external
nodes. management.
The four-wire SPI for communication with the host can be The ADIN2111 switch is ideally suited for industrial building
configured to OPEN Alliance SPI or generic SPI. Both modes and factory automation installations, edge sensors
support optional data protection or cyclic redundancy check and actuators, and condition monitoring and machine
(CRC). The integrated switch with SPI operates at 10Mbps connectivity. The device is supported by an evaluation board
full duplex with 16 MAC addresses supported for frame (EVAL-ADIN2111EBZ), which is also available from Mouser
forwarding and an MDIO memory map capability accessible
via the SPI. Click for More Information
Robust, thick film chip NEW PRODUCT

resistors at mouser.com
Following a new global distribution agreement

with ROYALOHM, a leading supplier of resistors
and surface mounted devices with more than 40
years of manufacturing experience and reliability,
Mouser is now stocking a portfolio of thick film chip
resistors made by the company.
ROYALOHM thick film chip resistors are small, lightweight,

and cost-effective components widely used in applications
such as navigators, mobile phones, automation, telecom,
consumer electronics, set-top boxes, meters, lighting, and
power supply. The resistors are available in a wide range
of resistance values, from 10Ω to 100MΩ. These robust
products contain a high purity alumina substrate and
operate at 1/20W to 1W power rating at +70°C,
depending on the package size.
ROYALOHM thick film chip resistors provide a maximum The resistors save assembly costs and are suitable for both
working voltage of 25V to 200V, maximum overload wave and reflow soldering.
voltage of 50V to 500V, and an operating temperature
range of -55°C to +155°C.
Click for More Information

4,300 Renesas family NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
products in stock
With over 4,300 Renesas family products in stock
– including products from companies Dialog
Semiconductor, Integrated Device Technology (IDT),
and Intersil – Mouser offers a wide portfolio of the
newest Renesas family solutions to help buyers and
engineers bring their products to market.
Mouser offers the complete line of products from

Renesas, including embedded solutions, semiconductors,
optoelectronics, sensors, and passive components. The
following are just a few of the popular Renesas products
available from Mouser:
RA6T2 motor control microcontrollers deliver an unmatched RZ/V2L high-precision microprocessors are equipped with
combination of performance, features, and cost-efficiency for Renesas’ AI-dedicated accelerator (DRP-AI) for vision, a
motor control designs in home appliances, smart home, and 1.2 GHz dual-core Arm® Cortex®-A55 core, 3D graphics,
industrial and building automation, as well as inverter control. and a video codec engine for use in entry-level AI-enabled
applications.
RA2E1 fast prototyping evaluation board enables
users to effortlessly evaluate the features of the RA2E1 RC192xxA PCIe Gen5/6 clock buffers and multiplexers
microcontroller group and develop embedded systems feature ultra-low additive jitter and three signal path
applications using Renesas’ Flexible Software Package (FSP) options for design flexibility in applications such as cloud
and e2studio IDE. computing, high-performance computing, nVME storage,
and networking.
Seeed Studio AI application NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
devkits
Mouser is now stocking reComputer Jetson 20-1 Xavier
NX and reComputer Jetson 10-1 Nano development
kits from Seeed Studio that enable the rapid
development of artificial intelligence (AI) solutions
in applications such as drones, agriculture, wildlife
protection, smart cities, and Industry 4.0.
The Seeed Studio reComputer Jetson 20-1 Xavier NX

development kits feature NVIDIA’s Jetson Xavier NX
advanced AI embedded system and a Seeed reference carrier
board. The Jetson 20-1 kits offer thermal management,
industrial peripherals, and feature-rich extension modules
and are compatible with the entire NVIDIA Jetson software
stack, offering seamless integration with cloud-native
workflows and AI frameworks. The Jetson 20-1 development
kits support a range of smart city and industrial applications,
including traffic, retail, healthcare, and manufacturing.
The reComputer Jetson 10-1 Nano development kits feature The Jetson 10-1 kits offer rich IOs, including an HDMI port,
a Jetson Nano module with 128 NVIDIA CUDA cores, as well USB 2.0 and 3.0 ports, and a Gigabit Ethernet port. The
as an aluminum case, passive heatsink, and pre-installed Jetson 10-1 development kits support Allxon, enabling secure
JetPack system. remote device management.

16bit ADC and eval module NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
now available
Texas Instruments AMC1333M10EVM Modulator
Evaluation Module (EVM) is designed to help
evaluate the AMC1333 easily.
The AMC1333 is a 1-bit modulator with an output buffer

separated from the input interface circuitry by a silicon
dioxide (SiO2)isolation barrier. The isolation barrier provides
galvanic isolation of up to 8000 VPEAK.
When combined with a digital filter, the Texas Instruments

AMC1333 can achieve 16-bit, analog-to-digital (A/D)
conversion with no missing codes. For high-resolution
measurement applications, an effective accuracy of 14 bits
can be obtained with a digital filter bandwidth of 20kHz at
a modulator rate of 10MHz.
Both development board and ADC are available from

Mouser, industry’s leading NPI (new product introduction) Click for More Information
distributor.
GaN eval board in stock NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
Mouser is now stocking the GS-EVB-HB-0650603B-HD
half-bridge bipolar driver switch evaluation board
from GaN Systems.
This compact gallium nitride (GaN) enhancement-mode

(e-mode) half-bridge evaluation board packs some notable
features while reducing the overall number of components
and saving valuable board space.
The board features two HEY1011-L12C GaN FET drivers

and two 650V, 60A GaN e-mode transistors arranged in a
half-bridge configuration. The HEY1011 is an isolated gate
driver optimized for driving GaN FETs with fast propagation
delay and high peak source/sink capability for use in
high-frequency applications that require isolation, level-
shifting or ground separation for noise immunity. Since
the HEY1011 driver does not need secondary side power
or bootstrap components, it frees up valuable board space
and makes for a more cost-effective design.
To help alleviate the effects of gate-drain capacitor GaN Systems’ GS-EVB-HB-0650603B-HD half-bridge bipolar
currents, the GS-EVB-HB-0650603B-HD uses a bipolar driver switch evaluation board is ideal for designers looking
gate drive arrangement. The board can perform double to develop high-power wireless chargers, industrial inverters,
pulse tests or connect a half-bridge to an existing LC power motor drive/VFDs, data centers, residential energy storage
segment. The double pulse test is safely used to evaluate systems, and other power electronics-based applications.
the switching characteristics of a power switch under hard
switching conditions.

Qorvo Wi-Fi 6 integrated NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
front end module now
shipping
Mouser Electronics, Inc., the New Product
Introduction (NPI) leader™ empowering innovation,
is now shipping the QPF4532 Wi-Fi 6 integrated front
end module (FEM) from Qorvo®, designed for the
latest Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) systems such as residential
gateways, wireless routers, access points and
IoT applications.
The Qorvo FEM integrates a 5.0GHz power amplifier (PA),

single-pole, two-throw (SP2T) switch and bypassable low
noise amplifier (LNA) into a single device. With a compact
form factor and integrated matching that minimizes layout
area in the application, performance of the QPF4532 is
focused on optimizing the PA for a 3.3V supply voltage
to conserve power consumption, while maintaining the
highest linear output power and leading-edge throughput.
Receive path design matches optimal technologies For application feedback, a DC power detector is integrated into
to maximize receive sensitivity through noise figure the halogen- and lead-free package to provide voltage that is
performance as low as 2dB, for consistency over a wider proportional to the output power from the transmit path.
variety of conditions.
For development, Mouser also stocks the QPF4532EVB
The QPF4532 features integrated die-level filtering for evaluation board, which provides an example application
second and third harmonics as well as 2.4GHz rejection for circuit to allow rapid prototyping when incorporated into
dual-band, dual-concurrent (DBDC) operation. existing designs.
USB Type-C ESD eval board NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
Mouser Electronics, industry’s leading New
Product Introduction (NPI) distributor with the
widest selection of semiconductors and electronic
components, is now stocking the NEVB21-USBC1UL
USB Type-C™ electrostatic discharge (ESD) evaluation
board from Nexperia.
The board is designed to demonstrate miniaturized ESD

protection for USB Type-C ports. It features Nexperia’s
PUSB3BB2DF, PESD4V0Z2BCDF, and PESD5V5U1BCSF ESD
protection diode arrays in the company’s new DFN0603-3
package. Each array is designed to protect a specific data
line. The board also includes the PTVS22VZ1USK transient
voltage suppressor. These devices offer the benefits of
TrEOS technology, very low capacitance, very low clamping,
and very high robustness, as well as outstanding RF
performance on high-speed data lines.
Applications include computer and tablet interfaces,

automotive video interfaces, portable devices, and Click for More Information
wearables.

Gen 4 SiC FETs in stock NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
Mouser is now stocking the UF4C and UF4SC
1200V silicon carbide (SiC) FETs from UnitedSiC
(now Qorvo®).
This fourth-generation family of devices offers

industry-leading figures of merit in on-resistance, suiting it
to power solutions in mainstream 800V bus architectures
in applications such as on-board chargers for EVs, industrial
battery chargers, industrial power supplies, DC-DC solar
inverters, and more.
The UF4C/SC SiC FETs provide designers with multiple

on-resistance and package options. The 1200 V SiC FETs
are offered in versions with on-resistance (RDS(on)) values
of 23mΩ to 70mΩ and either a three-lead TO-247-3L
package or a four-lead TO-247-4L package.
The TO-247-4L package incorporates a Kelvin gate to Other notable features of the UF4C/SC SiC FETs include an
deliver ultra-low gate charge and exceptional reverse exceptional threshold noise margin preserved with a true 5V
recovery characteristics, enabling designers to switch threshold voltage, excellent reverse recovery, and a built-in
inductive loads and any application requiring a standard ESD gate protection clamp.
gate drive.
All devices in the UF4C/SC family can be safely driven with

standard 0V to 12V or 15V gate drive voltage, creating
a suitable replacement for silicon IGBTs, FETs, or super- Click for More Information
junction devices without changing the gate drive voltage.
Push-Pull connectors NEW PRODUCT

at mouser.com
Bulgin’s X series Push-Pull connectors feature a
secure, push-pull latching system with 360 degree
EMI shielding, high-density panel spacing, and quick
mating and unmating.
The X series includes the family size range of 00 to 3X with

multiple contacts from 2 to 30. Other features include
multiple key options to avoid mismating, solder contacts,
and more than 4500 life cycles.
These RoHS-compliant connectors operate in a temperature

range of -50°C to +250°C. Bulgin X series Push-Pull
connectors are designed for indoor and vacuum-tight
applications such as general purpose, medical, test and
measurement, research, communications, audio-video,
military, aerospace, industrial control, nuclear, and
surveillance.
Bulgin connectors are available from Mouser.


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ELECTRONICS INFORMATION UPDATE

EUROPE | JULY 2022

The widest selection of semiconductors and

Over $850 million worth of stock ready to ship

and desig robotics

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The new 10BASE-T1L standard

rise of factory s support tion and

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Optimizing industrial robotics

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Monitoring the industrial environment

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utilize autono nt.

Autonomous mobile robots PAGE 22

axes and ed by the

depending lled categ ory. Sitara e requir

UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY EXPOSURE - NEW SERIES

Robotic fish? PAGE 26

Elsewhere, Adam Taylor considers The future PAGE 28

Published by Mouser Electronics.

For Advertising, contact Newest products now available from

www.mouser.com July 2022 3

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Nexperia and KYOCERA AVX Asset

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Largest European LPWAN

Henri Bong, co-founder and co-CEO of UnaBiz commented,

Purdue & PROSTEP partner for manufacturing R&E

www.mouser.com July 2022 7

Reliable for easy connections for

Detroit’s Mouser’s City

Mouser adds Innodisk for industrial storage

www.mouser.com July 2022 9

Mouser #1 for Hirose eBook

In addition to timely articles, the

10 July 2022 www.mouser.com

Qorvo PAC5526 Power Applications

Infineon Technologies drone and