Test Bank for Linear Algebra and Its Applications

5th Edition Lay McDonald 032198238X

9780321982384

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.

For the given matrix and eigenvalue, find an eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue.
1) A = -13 2 , λ = -5
-40 5
A) B) C) D)
4 -4 1 1
1 1 -4 4

Answer: D
2) A = -18 -5 , λ = 2
60 17
A) B) C) D)
1 1 -4 1
0 17 1 -4
Answer: D

For the given matrix A, find a basis for the corresponding eigenspace for the given eigenvalue.
1 6 6
3) A = 6 1 - 6 , λ = 7
- 6 6 13
A) B) C) D)

1 0 0 1 0 1
0 , 1 1 0 , 1 0
1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1
Answer: A

-4 0 0
4) A = -10 6 0 , λ = -4
-30 16 -2
A) B) C) D)
1 1 1 1 1 1
1
 -1 1 , 0 1 , 0 1
-7 0 -7 0 7 7
Answer: D

Find the eigenvalues of the given matrix.

5) -14 -6
36 16

A) -2, -4 B) -2, 4 C) -4 D) -2
Answer: B

6) 56 10
-275 -49

A) 6 B) 1, 6 C) -1 D) -1, -6
Answer: B

2
Find the characteristic equation of the given matrix.
9 6 4 3
0 7 -6 8
7) A =
0 0 5 9
0 0 0 9

A) (9 - λ)(9 - λ)(8 - λ)(3 - λ) = 0 B) (9 - λ)(6 - λ)(4 - λ)(3 - λ) = 0

C) (9 - λ)(7 - λ)(5 - λ) = 0 D) (9 - λ)2 (7 - λ)(5 - λ) = 0
Answer: D
8 -1 5 2
8) A = 0 3 1 -1
0 0 -6 -6
0 0 0 -5

A) (8 - λ)(-1 - λ)(5 - λ)(2 - λ) = 0 B) (8 - λ)(3 - λ)(-6 - λ)(-5 - λ) = 0

C) (2 - λ)(-1 - λ)(-6 - λ)(-5 - λ) = 0 D) (-5 - λ)(-6 - λ)(-1 - λ)(2 - λ) = 0
Answer: B

The characteristic polynomial of a 5 × 5 matrix is given below. Find the eigenvalues and their
multiplicities.
9) λ5 + 17λ4 + 72λ 3
A) 0 (multiplicity 3), 8 (multiplicity 1), 9 (multiplicity 1)
B) 0 (multiplicity 1), -9 (multiplicity 1), -8 (multiplicity
1) C) 0 (multiplicity 3), -9 (multiplicity 1), -8 (multiplicity
1) D) 0 (multiplicity 1), 8 (multiplicity 1), 9 (multiplicity
1)
Answer: C

10) λ5 - 24λ4 + 189λ3 - 486λ 2

A) 0 (multiplicity 1), 9 (multiplicity 3), 6 (multiplicity 1)
B) 0 (multiplicity 2), 9 (multiplicity 2), 6 (multiplicity 1)
C) 0 (multiplicity 2), -9 (multiplicity 2), 6 (multiplicity
1) D) 0 (multiplicity 2), -9 (multiplicity 2), -6
(multiplicity 1)
Answer: B

Find a formula for Ak, given that A = PDP-1 , where P and D are given
below.
9 31 5 0
11) A = -1 , P= , D=
-6 14 21 0 8
A) B)
k
3 ∙5 -2∙8 k k
3 ∙8 +3 ∙ 2 ∙ 5k - 2 ∙ 8k 3 ∙ 8k -
5k 2 ∙ 5k
2 ∙ 5k + 2 ∙ 8k 3 ∙ 8k - 2 ∙
5k
C)
3 ∙ 5k - 2 ∙ 8k 3 ∙ 8k - 3 ∙
5k

3
 5k 0 3 ∙ 5 k + 2 ∙ 8k 3 ∙ 8k + 3 ∙ 5k
0 8k 2 ∙ 5 k + 2 ∙ 8k 3 ∙ 8k + 2 ∙ 5k
D)
Answer: C

4
Diagonalize the matrix A, if possible. That is, find an invertible matrix P and a diagonal matrix D such that A=
PDP-1 .
-11 3 -9
12) A = 0 -5 0
6 -3 4
A) B)
1 0 -1 -5 0 0 1 5 -1 -5 1 0
P= 0 3 0 ,D= 0 1 0 P = 5 3 0 , D = 0 -5 0
1 1 1 0 0 -2 1 3 1 0 0 -2
C) D)
1 0 -1 -5 0 -2 1 0 -1 -5 0 0
P = 5 3 0 , D = 0 -5 0 P = 5 3 0 , D = 0 -5 0
1 1 1 0 -5 -2 1 1 1 0 0 -2
Answer: D

2 0 0
13) A = 1 2 0
0 0 2
A) B)
1 0 -1 2 0 1 1 2 1 2 0 0
P= 2 2 0 ,D= 1 2 1 P= 0 2 1 ,D= 0 2 0
1 1 1 0 0 2 -1 0 1 0 0 2
C) Not diagonalizable D)
1 0 0 2 1 0
P= 2 2 0 ,D= 0 2 0
0 1 1 0 0 2
Answer: C
6 0 0 0
0 6 0 0
14) A =
1 -4 -6 0
-1 2 0 -6
A) B)
-12 -24 0 0 6 0 0 0 -12 -24 0 0 -6 0 0 0

P= -6 -6 0 0 , D = 0 6 0 0 P= 6 6 0 0 ,D= 0 -6 0 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 -6 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 6 0
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 -6 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 6

C) Not diagonalizable D)
-12 6 1 0 -6 0 0 0
P = -24 6 0 0 ,D= 0 -6 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 6 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 6
Answer: A

5
 9 0 0 0
0 9 0 0
15) A =
- 16 4 1 16
0 0 0 9
A) B) Not diagonalizable
2 0 -2 1 9 0 0 0
0 2 1 0 0 9 0 0
,D=
P= 1 0 0 1 0 0 9 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
D)
C) 2 0 1 0 9 0 0 0 4 -2 1 0 9 0 0 0
P= 0 2 0 0 ,D= 0 9 0 0 P = 8 -2 0 0 , D = 0 9 0 0
-2 1 0 1 0 0 9 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1

Answer: C

Find the matrix of the linear transformation T: V → W relative to B and C.

16) Suppose B = {b1 , b2 } is a basis for V and C = {c1 , c2 , c3 } is a basis for W. Let T be defined by
T(b1 ) = 5c1 + 6c2 - 5c3
T(b2 ) = 5c1 + 12c2 +
7c3 B) C) D)
A) 5 6 -5 5 6 -5 5 5
5 0 0 -6 -12 5 12 7 6 12
6 6 -5 7
-5 12
Answer: D

17) Suppose B = {b1 , b2 , b3 } is a basis for V and C = {c1 , c2 } is a basis for W. Let T be defined by
T(b1 ) = 3c1 + c2
T(b2 ) = 8c1 -
8c2
T(b3 ) = 3c1 + B) C) D)
2c2 4 0 5 3 1 3 4
1 -8 2 8 -8 8 0
A)
3 2 3 5
3 8 3
1 -8 2

Answer: A

6
Define T: R2 → R2 by T(x) = Ax, where A is the matrix defined below. Find the requested basis B for R2
and the corresponding B-matrix for T.
18) Find a basis B for R2 and the B-matrix D for T with the property that D is a diagonal matrix.
A = -8 -10
15 17
A) B)
1 2 2 0 1 -1 , D = 2 0
B= , ,D= B= ,
-1 3 0 7 2 3 0 7
C) D)

B= 2 , 1 ,D= 2 0 B= 1 , 2 ,D= 2 0

-3 -1 0 7 -1 -3 0 7
Answer: D

19) Find a basis B for R2 and the B-matrix D for T with the property that D is an upper triangular
matrix.
A = 54 -400
9 - 66
A) B)
20 3 1 20 6 1
B= , , D = -6 B= , -7 , D =
7 1 0 -6 -3 1 0 6
C) D)

B= 20 , 7 , D = -6 1 B= 20 , 7 , D = -6 1

3 1 0 -6 3 1 0 -5
Answer: C

Find the eigenvalues of A, and find a basis for each eigenspace.

20) A = 1 -0.5
1.6 0.2
A) -0.6 + 0.8i, 1 + 2i ; -0.6 - 0.8i, 1 - 2i B) 0.6 + 0.8i, 1 - 2i ; 0.6 - 0.8i, 1 + 2i
4 4 4 4
C) -0.6 - 0.8i, 1 + 2i ; -0.6 + 0.8i, 1 - 2i D) 0.6 - 0.8i, 1 - 2i ; 0.6 + 0.8i, 1 + 2i
4 4 4 4

Answer: D
21) A = -5 -8
8 -5
1 ; -5 - 8i, 1 B) -5 + 8i, 1 + 5i ; -5 - 8i, 1 - 5i
A) -5 + 8i,
i -i 8 8

C) -5 + 8i, 1 - 5i ; -5 - 8i, 1 + 5i D) -5 + 8i, 1 1

; -5 - 8i,
8 8 -i i

Answer: D

7
Determine whether the origin is an attractor, repellor, or a saddle point of the dynamical system x k+1 = Ax k,
where A is given below. Determine the direction of greatest attraction or repulsion, appropriately.
22) A = -0.1 0.8
-0.6 1.3
1
A) Repellor; direction of greatest repulsion: along the line through 0 and
1
B) Saddle point; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and 4 , direction of greatest
3
repulsion: along the line through 0 and 1
1
C) Attractor; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and 4
3
D) Attractor; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and 1
1
Answer: D

3.6 0
23) A =
0 1.6
A) Repellor; direction of greatest repulsion: along the line through 0 and 1
0
B) Saddle point; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and 1 , direction of greatest
0
repulsion: along the line through 0 and 0
1
C) Attractor; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and 1
0
D) Attractor; direction of greatest repulsion: along the line through 0 and 0
1
Answer: A

24) A = 10.4 -8
10 -7.6
1
A) Saddle point; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and , direction of greatest
1
repulsion: along the line through 0 and -4
-5
B) Saddle point; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and 4 , direction of greatest
5
repulsion: along the line through 0 and 1
1
4
C) Repellor; direction of greatest repulsion: along the line through 0 and
5
1
D) Attractor; direction of greatest attraction: along the line through 0 and
1
Answer: A

8
Consider the difference equation xk+1 = Axk, where A has eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors v1 , v2 ,
and v3 given below. Find the general solution of this difference equation if x 0 is given as below.
-6 2 1 -33
25) λ1 = 1.3, λ2 = 0.8, λ3 = 0.6, v1 6 , v2 = 1 , v3 = 2 , and x0 = 33
= 1 2 -2 -7
k k k
A) x k = 5(1.3) v1 - 3(0.8) v2 + (0.6) v3 B) x k = (1.3)kv1 + (0.8)kv2 + (0.6)kv3
C) x k = (1.3)kv1 - 3(0.8)kv2 + 3(0.6)kv3 D) x k = 5(1.3)kv1 - 3(0.8)kv2 + 3(0.6)kv3
Answer: D

Solve the initial value

problem.
26) x′ = Ax, x(0) = 4 , where A = -2 -0.8
5 5 -2
A) x(t) = 2 sin 2t + -4 cos e2t B) x(t) = 2 sin 2t - 4 cos 2t -2t
e
2t -5 cos 2t - 10 sin
2t
-5 cos 2t - 10 sin
2t

C) x(t) = -2 sin 2t + 4 cos e2t D) x(t) = -2 sin 2t + 4 cos 2t e-2t

5
2tcos 2t + 10 sin 2t 5 cos 2t + 10 sin 2t

Answer: D

Apply the power method to the matrix A below with x 0 = 0 . Stop when k = 5, and determine the dominant
eigenvalue
1
and corresponding
eigenvector.
27) A = -11 -10
15 14 B) C) D)
A)
-1, 1 4, 2 -1, 2
4, 1 -1 -3 -3
-1
Answer: B

28) A = 16 -6
63 -23 B) C) D)
A)
-5, -2 -2, 1 -2, -2
-5, 1 -7 3 -7
3
Answer: C

Use the inverse power method to determine the smallest eigenvalue of the matrix A.
29) Assume that the eigenvalues are roughly 1.3, 2.1, and 15.

1 0.5 0
A= 0 1.5 0
-1 1 2
A) 5 B) 1.5 C) 2 D) 1.3

9
Answer: B

10