Solution Manual for Principles of Foundation

Engineering 8th Edition Das 1305081552

9781305081550
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Chapter 5

1
5.1 Eq. (5.3): q = qN * F * + BN * F *
u q qs  s
2

H 0.9 m
= = 0.6;  = 40. Figures 5.4 and 5.5: N q*  380; N *  200
B 1.5

Eqs. (5.4) and (5.5) and Figure 5.6:

B  1.5 
F * = 1 − m   = 1 − (0.46)  = 0.724
qs 1
L  2.5 

B  1.5 
Fs* = 1 − m2   = 1 − (0.52)  = 0.688
L  2.5 

qu BL (1.5 2.5)  1 
Q = = (1.2 17)(380)(0.724) + (17)(1.5)(200)(0.688)
all
FS 3 2
= 9208.6 kN  9209 kN

H = 0.6 = 0.4;  = 35.

5.2 N q*  340; N *  100
B 1.5

37
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 Eqs. (5.4) and (5.5) and Figure 5.6:
F * = 1 − m  B  = 1 − (0.55) =  = 0.45
1 .5
1   
qs
L  1.5 

F * = 1 − m  B  = 1 − (0.58) =  = 0.42
1 .5
s 2   
L  1.5 

qu BL (1.5 1.5)  1 
Q = = (15 1)(340)(0.45) + (15)(1.5)(100)(0.42)
all
FS 3 2
= 2075.6 kN

38
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Chapter 5

5.3 Eq. (5.6): q = qN * + 0.4BN *

u q 

H = 1.75 = 1.
 = 30;
B 1.75

From Figure 5.4, N q*  22 ; and, from Figure 5.7, N *  78 .

qu = (117)(22) + (0.4)(17)(1.75)(78) = 374 + 928.2 = 1302.2 kN/m 2

1302.2 = 325.55 kN/m2
qall =
4

Qall = qall (B  L) = (325.55)(1.75 1.75)  997 kN

5.4 Eq. (5.10):

 
0.5  − 0.707 
B

qu = 5.141 + H  cu +q
 5.14 
 
  1.5  − 0.707 
 0.5 
= 5.141 + 0.7  (115) + (18.5)(1)
 5.14 
 

= 651.5 kN/m2

 B  B  2c H 
5.5 Eq. (5.32): qu = 1 + 0.2 cu(2) Nc + 1 +  a  + 1 D f
 L  L  B 

B cu ( 2 ) 585
= 0; = = 0.585

L cu(1) 1000

ca
From Figure 5.11 and Eq. (5.34):  0.975; ca = (0.975)(1000) = 975 lb/ft 2
cu(1)
39
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 Chapter 5

(2)(975)(1.65)
qu = (585)(5.14) + + (121)(1.65) = 4279 lb/ft 2
3

CHECK ⎯ Eq. (5.33):

qu = qt = 1 + 0.2 cu(1) Nc + 1 Df = (1000)(5.14) + (121)(1.65) = 5339.7 lb/ft 2

B
L
 

So, qu = 4279 lb/ft2.

qu 4279
qall = = = 1426 lb/ft 2
FS 3

B 0.92 cu ( 2) 43
5.6 = = 0.754; = = 0.597

L 1.22 cu(1) 72

ca
From Figure 5.11:  0.975; ca = (0.975)(72) = 70.2 kN/m2
cu(1)

Eq. (5.32):
 B  B  2c H 
qu = 1 + 0.2 cu(2) Nc + 1 +  a  + 1 Df
 L  L  B 

 (2)(70.2)(0.76) 
= [1 + (0.2)(0.754)](43)(5.14) + (1 + 0.754) + (17)(0.92)
0.92

= 254.3 + 203.43 + 15.64 = 473.4 kN/m2

CHECK ⎯ Eq. (5.33):

 B
qu = qt = 1 + 0.2 cu(1) Nc + 1 Df = [1 + (0.2)(0.754)](72)(5.14) + (17)(0.92)
L
 
= 441.5 kN/m2 (USE)

Qu = (441.5)(0.92)(1.22) = 495.5 kN

40
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Chapter 5

5.7 Eq. (5.11): qu = cu(1) Nc Fcs Fcd + q

H 0.76 cu ( 2) 43
= = 0.826; = = 0.597

B 0.92 cu(1) 72

From Figure 5.8, Nc  5. From Table 4.3: ( = 0).

 B  N q   0.92 1 
Fcs = 1 +    = 1+    = 1.151

 L  N c   1.22  5 

 Df   
0.92
Fcd = 1 + 0.4  = 1 + 0.4  = 1.4

 B   0.92 

So,

qu = (72)(5)(1.151)(1.4) + (17)(0.92) = 597.74 kN/m2

Qu = (597.74)(0.92)(1.22) = 670.9 kN

5.8 Eq. (5.29):

=  ( 
1
+ ) + 
qu 1 Df H N q(2) Fqs(2) 2 BN (2) Fs(2)
2

 2 D f  K s t an 1
+1H 2 1 + B 1 +  −  1H
 L  H  B
 
2 = 32. Table 4.2: Nq(2) = 23.18; N(2) = 30.22

Table 4.3:
B  1.5 
F = 1 +   tan  = 1 +  (tan 32) = 1.625
L
qs(2)
 1.5 
2

 B  
1.5
F = 1 − 0.4  = 1 − 0.4  = 0.6
41
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 s(2)
 L  1.5 

q2  2 N ( 2 )
Eq. (5.31): =
q1 1 N (1)

42
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 Chapter 5

1 = 40. N(1) = 109.41 (Table 4.2).

q2 (16.7)(30.22)
= = 0.256
q1 (18)(109.4)
q
Figure 5.10: 1 = 40; 2 = 0.256; K s  5
q1

qu = (18)(1.5 + 1)(23.18)(1.625) + (0.5)(16.7)(1.5)(30.22)(0.6)

+(18)(1)2 1 +
1.5  (2)(1.5)  5 t an 40
1+ − (18)(1)
 1.5  
 1  1.5

= (1695 + 227.1) + 402.8 − 18 = 2306.9 kN/m2

1
CHECK ⎯ Eq. (5.30): qt = 1D f N q(1) Fqs(1) + 1BN (1) Fs(1)
2

1 = 40. Table 4.2: Nq(1) = 64.2; N(1) = 109.41

B  1.5 
F = 1 +   tan  = 1 +  (tan 40) = 1.839
L
qs(1)
 1.5 
1

 B  
1.5
F = 1 − 0.4  = 1 − 0.4  = 0.6
s(1)
 L  1.5 

1
qt = (18)(1.5)(64.2)(1.839) + (18)(1.5)(109.41)(0.4
2
= 3187.7 + 886.2 = 4073.9 kN/m2

So, qu = 2306.9 kN/m2

qu(net) = 2306.9 – (1.5  18)  2280 kN/m2

qu ( net ) B 2 (2280)(1.5) 2
Qall(net) = = = 1282.5 kN
FS 4

5.9 c1 = 0 . Eq. (5.36): q =  D N F + 1  BN F

43
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t
1
f
q(1)
qs(1
)

21
(1)
s(1
)

44
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Chapter 5

Table 4.2: For 1 = 30 , Nq(1) = 18.4; N(1) = 22.4

Table 4.3:
= 1 +   tan  = 1 +  = (tan 30) = 1.385
B 4
F
   
qs(1)
L
1
6

= 1 − 0.4  = 1 − 0.4 =6  = 0.733

B 4
F
s(1)  
 L

qt = (98)(3)(18.4)(1.385) + 1 (98)(4)(22.4)(0.733)
2
= 7492.3 + 3218.2 = 10,711.5 lb/ft 2  10.7 kip/ft2
1
Eq. (5.37): qb =  2 D f N q(2) Fqs(2) +  2 BN (2) Fs(2)
2

Table 4.2: 2 = 38 ; Nq(2) = 48.93; N(2) = 78.03

Table 4.3:

Fqs(2) = 1 +  4 (tan 38) = 1.52

6

Fs(2) = 1 − 0.4 4  = 0.733

6

qb = (108)(3)(48.93)(1.521) + 1 (108)(4)(78.03)(0.733)
2
= 36,467.2 lb/ft 2  36.47 kip/ft2

2
Eq. (5.35): qu = qt + (qb − qt )H 
D

D  B (top—loose sand)
2
2
q = 10.7 + (36.47 −10.7) = 17.14 kip/ft2
 
4
u

q BL (17.14)(4)(6)
Qall = u = = 102.84 kip
FS 4

45
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 Chapter 5

5.10 1 = 2 = 0 . From Eq. (5.36),

1
qt = cu(1) N c(1)F cs(1) +  1D fN q(1)F qs(1)
2
B
= 0 . Note, for 1 = 0 : Nc(1) = 5.14; N(1) = 0; Nq(1) = 1; Fcs(1) = 1; Fqs(1) = 1
L

(Tables 4.2 and 4.3). So,

qt = (48)(5.14) + (16.5)(1) = 263.22 kN/m2

Similarly,

qb = (96)(5.14) + (17.5)(1) = 510.94 kN/m2

Eq. (5.35): Clay; D  B

2 2
H  0.8 
q = q + (q − q )  = 263.22 + (510.94 − 263.22)  = 333.68 kN/m
2
ua t b t
D  1.5 

5.11 Eq. (5.12): qu = cu(1) mNc Fcs Fcd + q

cu ( 2 ) 48
= = 2 ( 1)
cu(1) 96
H 0.8
= = 0.533 ( 0.5)
B 1.5

Table 5.2: m = 1

B N 
Fcs = 1 +   q  = 1 + 0 = 1
 L  N c 

 Df   1 
Fcd = 1 + 0.4  = 1 + (0.4)  = 1.267

 B   1.5 

qu = (48)(1)(5.14)(1)(1.267) + (16.5)(1) = 329.1 kN/m2

46
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Chapter 5

1
5.12 Eq. (5.40): qu = qN q  q + BN   
2

x = 2 = 1.67 .
 = 35. Table 4.1: Nq = 41.44; N = 45.41.
B 1.2

For  = 35, from Figure 5.18,  q = 1.38;  = 2.39

qu = (116.8)(41.44)(1.38) + 1 (16.8)(1.2)(45.41)(2.39) = 2054.72 kN/m2

2
qnet = qu − D f = 2054.72 − (116.8) = 2037.92 kN/m2

2037.92  509.5 kN/m2

Net allowable bearing capacity =
4

B
5.13 From Eq. (5.38): qu = cu( 2) Nc(T ) + D f  2 Nq(T ) +  2  N (T )
 2 

W 1.5
W = 1.5 m; B = 1 m; = = 1.5

B 1

From Figures 5.14−5.16: Nc(T)  15; Nc(T)  7.2; Nγ(T)  12

17 1 
qu = (40)(15) + (1)(17)(7.2) +  (12) = 824.4 kN/m
2

 2 

Df 1
5.14 a. B = 1 m; H = 4 m. Since B < H, Ns = 0. = = 1.0.
B 1

Eq. (5.43): qu = cu Ncq

Figure 5.21: b = 2 = 2;  = 60; Ncq  6.5
B 1

cu Ncq (68)(6.5)
qall = = = 147.3 kN/m2
FS 3
47
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 Chapter 5

b.
Ncq qu = cu Ncq
b (m) B (m) b/B 2
[Figure 5.21] (kN/m )
0 1 0 4.2 285.6
1 1 1 5.5 374
2 1 2 6.5 442
3 1 3 7.0 476
4 1 4 7.0 476
5 1 5 7.0 476
6 1 6 7.0 476
Note: Df /B = 1

5.15 Eq. (5.42): qu = 1 BN  q

2

Df 4 b 6 Df b
= = 1; = = 1.5. From Figure 5.20 for = 1and = 1.5,  = 40

B 4 B 4 B B
and  = 30, the value of N q  135.
qu = 0.5BNq = (0.5)(110)(4)(135) = 29,700 lb/ft 2

  q 
5.16 Eq. (3.52):  = tan −1 0.1 + 0.38log c 

  o 

Depth (m) qc (MN/m2) o (MN/m2)  (deg) [Eq. (3.52)]

2 1.73 0.033 37
4 3.6 0.066 37.2
6 4.9 0.099 36.6
8 6.8 0.132 36.9
10 8.7 0.165 37
15 13 0.248 37
Average   37

From Figure 5.28, for  = 37, Nq  43; Nγ  60

kh 0.2
tan = = = 0.2
1 − kv 1 − 0
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Chapter 5

N E N qE
From Figure 5.29, for tan = 0.2 and  = 37, = 0.39 and = 0.58

N Nq

NγE = (0.39)(60) = 23.4; NqE = (0.58)(43) = 24.9

Eq. (5.48):
1 1
quE = qNqE + BNE = (16.51)(24) + (16.5)(1.5)(23.4) = 700.5 kN/m2
2 2

Df 1
5.17 = = 0.67 . For  = 37, FS = 4. Using Figure 5.30 and interpolating,

B 1.5

kh*  0.32. From Figure 5.31 for kh*  0.32 and  = 37, the value of

tan AE  1.1.
Eq. (5.49):

−4 −4
k*  V2   2


S = 0.174 h
tan    = 0.174
0.32
(1.1)
0.35

AE 
Eq
A Ag  0.30  0.3 9.81 
   
= 0.0062 m = 6.2 mm

Df 5  Df 
5.18 = = 1.25;  = 35. Table 5.5 :  5

B 4  B cr

So it is a shallow foundation.

m = 0.25; Ku = 0.936

Eq. (5.56):

  D  D 
Fq = 1 + 2 1 + m f  f K u tan 
B
49
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B
    
= 1 + 2[1 + (0.25)(1.25)](1.25)(0.936)(tan 35) = 3.15

Qu = Fq A  Df = (3.15)(4  4)(112)(5) = 28,224 lb  28.2 kip

50
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 Chapter 5
Df
5.19 = 2 = 1.67

B 1.2

Eq. (5.60):

 Df 
  = 0.107cu + 2.6 = (0.107)(74) + 2.5 = 10.4  7
 B cr-square

D 
So,  f  = 7 .
 B sq

Eq. (5.61):
 Df   Df    L 
  =  0.73 + 0.27 B 
B B
 cr-rectangular  cr-square
 
  
2.4  Df 
= 7 0.73 + 0.27   1.55 
  1.2   B cr-square

 Df 
  = 8.89. Hence, this is a shallow foundation.
 B cr

Df
1.57
Eq. (5.62):  = B = = 0.188
 Df  8.89
 
 B cr
= 7.56 + 1.44  = 7.56 + 1.44 =   = 8.28
B 1.2
Eq. (5.64): F *
 L  
c−rectangular
2.4 

From Figure 5.35, with ' = 0.188, the value of ' = 0.275.

Eq. (5.66):
Q = A(F *c + D ) = (1.2  2.4)[(0.275)(8.28)(74) + (18)(2)]  589 kN
u c u f

51
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Chapter 5

48
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