Republic of the Philippines

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND CAMPUSES
STO. TOMAS BRANCH

INTE 20093 – Information Management

Synchronous Activity – Assignment1
Name: Mar Kian De Castro Date:04/20/22
Course, Year & Section: BSIT 2-1

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Answer the following questions. Save your document as YourLastName_Assignment1. Include your
references. Turn-in to the given link or folder.
1. Why do we need to store information?
Information is vital, it holds a value that can be used in everything. In the market and
business world, consumer information regarding trends, purchases, and their search preferences,
cookies as termed, are used to tailor adverts and products suited to the consumer likings.
Documents in legal situations such as citizens' records, assets, and liabilities are important for
procedures to be processed in a constitutional manner. Storing and managing them may be a
tedious task but is necessary to ensure a smooth flow of work when processing them. Data that
came only from word of mouth are hard to process; sometimes can be forgotten. Storing them
makes the procedures smooth. In computing technologies, storing information in a collective and
manageable manner is necessary so that all different kinds of users can access it easily. Aside
from ease of use, security is also one of the reasons why information must be stored. Leaks of
confidential and vital information could bring an entity down.
2. Give an example of a database applications.
Probably one of the sectors wherein a database is necessary is the Finance and Banking
Department. Transactions which involve security, legibility, and precise information much needed a
systematic database. Collection of information and private data are important to ensure safe and
accurate transaction. Bank transactions using credit cards and debit cards contains information
such as numbers which determines what type of user and which account it is, scouring their
database.
One of the famous database applications from a renowned company is the Microsoft SQL
Server. A relational database developed to store and retrieve data which can be accessed by other
application. It has a variety of versions for different intended use ranging from small-machine
application up-to large-scale bases.
Microsoft SQL Server supports multiple data types and also allows user-defined composite
data types to be used. Tables can also be stored; statistics and transaction logs are also included.
These are then stored in a sequentially-divided storage spaces. Data are stored with an extension
depending on data levels: .mdf for primary data, .ndf for secondary, and .ldf are used for log files.
3. Using real world example, discuss briefly the data processing cycle.
Data Processing cycle is systematic process wherein raw data is fed into a process to
produce outputs. Like in engineering, when constructing a new building it undergoes into several
steps which are then planned and followed. Necessary information such like the quality of soil,
topography of the area, climate, measurements, and gathering necessary are then collected. This
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND CAMPUSES
STO. TOMAS BRANCH

step gathers all the raw data that are needed in building construction. This data is then prepared
and segregated into different categories. All outside factors such like the soil and the environment
are given to structural engineers, the measurements, materials and equipment needed are given to
the civil engineers and etc. Now that each data is given, which terms the input, they are then
processed by each department in a systematic manner. They are given a timeline when to conduct
each process and then completes the building, which is the output.
The process of constructing a building act similarly to data processing cycle. Each of the
prerequisites are first stored and collected which comprises the input stage. The processing stage
then follows when several departments start working. The process then produces an output which
is the building.
4. How does flat-file database differ from a relational database?
Think of it as an array. A flat-file database is linear whereas a relational database is
multidimensional. A flat-file database is structured which only requires on prerequisite data. All
record is stored with only one indicator thus, giving only one category of information. All
information, regardless of type are stored only in one table. If the category of information contains
the personal information of a person, data such as name, age, address, and etc. are all stored in
one block per person. In a table, it only offers one column of table. Each information is treated like
an atomic data which cannot be broken down. On the other hand, a relational database expands
that. It offers a variety of storage that can be broken down into multiple categories. Multiple rows
can be created to stored different information and can be expanded. Data stored can be divided,
like a composite data, which gives a uniqueness to every person. This type of database avoids
duplicates making storage of information easier and tidy.

5. Why it is important to know the characteristics of a good database design?

To know if the database is suited for the project you’re creating. A good data storage,
wherein data stored are segregated in an orderly manner contributes into several factors. Ease of
use; data can be easily located due to the categorization of data. Legibility; wherein data are
unique and redundancy are avoided. Neatness; database should be neat, having a clear design,
transactions logs and history. This helps end-user navigate through needed information. Knowing
the characteristics of database design gives you an idea on how it will fit on the project you’re
making. Whether it stores data suiting to your likings or it does a credible job in keeping what goes
in and out the storage. Everyone has their own preferences and knowing such things could
contribute to the success of project.

6. Differentiate each Database Models.

Foundation-wise, there are two types of Data Base Models. These two separates multiple
examples of database models based on their structure. The first one being the flat-file database.
This type of database includes a single table which are divided by delimiters such as commas, tabs
and etc. On the other hand, the variety of relational database has expanded due to its flexibility. It
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND CAMPUSES
STO. TOMAS BRANCH

has multiple rows and columns which relate to each other making navigation through a large pool
of data easier.
But as time progress, technology has also improved greatly compared before. A lot of
databases are now up-to-date, where graphical interfaces and representation are used to devise
database models. Graph databases and object-oriented database uses figures and entities to
represent data.
Cloud database also became popular with the utilization of the internet. Storing data in
remote servers makes it easier for end-user to access it anytime and anywhere.
7. What is the relevance of information to the following persons?
• Student
For the students, information such as academic documents and personal information are
needed for the academe to deem a person a part of their organization. Every school related
information is essential for students for them to pass their marks, and graduate. Specially during
online classes wherein, lessons are conducted through means of technology. All data types
including text, video and audio lessons are handled through use of computers. Failure to acquire
or be involve with these will remarkably fail them.
• Faculty
As deemed authorities inside the academe, essential information given both by the heads
and students are handled by them. Curriculum and syllabus are passed by the heads of the
academe and processed by them making the school work.
They process legal information passed by the students and determine their fates by
processing them. They give task and assignments, teach lessons and skills according to the
given curriculum and as such makes the whole education work.
• Web Developer
For the web developers, information is also vital in making a project. Without prerequisite
information, there’s no program to start with. There are certain parameters that are needed in
coding a program and just knowing how to code will not work out. Knowing what the content to
put in makes a good website work. Identifying the list of audiences and their preferences is a
must. Obtaining information regarding what type of website and whom is it for makes it hard to
design a good website.
• Engineer
The Engineering career is meticulous when using information. As each vital information is
necessary in creating a good hypothesis, there is no room for errors for the final execution of the
job. Their work requires scholarly information, each task is anchored to an existing study and
must be credible for the general public to use. For the civil engineers, accurate measurements
are to be processed into formula and inaccuracy could incur a failure to a project. Product
manufacturing for chemical engineers also require accurate information as they are dealing with
delicate chemicals and etc.
• Project Manager
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR BRANCHES AND CAMPUSES
STO. TOMAS BRANCH

As the head of a group project, a Project Manager must know all vital information when
leading a project. He/She must fully know the scope of the project, all the prerequisites needed in
starting the job, and must fully know the members of his/her group. As the manager he/she
processes vital information and dissipates it into individual works. He/She distributes jobs and
task suited to their abilities, ensuring a smooth flow of work. The success of the project lies into
the Project Manager and his/her relevance to information is a key object.

References
Kalen Delaney (2007). Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2005: The Storage
Engine. Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-2105-3.

NI Business Info. (n.d.). Types of database system. nibusinessinfo.

https://www.nibusinessinfo.co.uk/content/types-database-system

What is MSSQL? About Microsoft SQL Server. (2021, February 26). Atlantic.Net.
https://www.atlantic.net/vps-hosting/what-is-mssql/