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P6 Practical Tutorial

The document describes a tutorial for building and testing a sequential circuit using flip-flops. Students are instructed to construct a 4-bit binary counter circuit using flip-flops and gates on a breadboard trainer. They will then take the outputs of the circuit through 16 clock pulses and record the results in a truth table. Based on the truth table, students will determine the modulus of the counter circuit and complete a timing diagram showing the output behavior. Finally, students will use the diagram to determine properties of the circuit including the flip-flop triggering and the function of one of the flip-flops.

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Alfred Galea
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48 views6 pages

P6 Practical Tutorial

The document describes a tutorial for building and testing a sequential circuit using flip-flops. Students are instructed to construct a 4-bit binary counter circuit using flip-flops and gates on a breadboard trainer. They will then take the outputs of the circuit through 16 clock pulses and record the results in a truth table. Based on the truth table, students will determine the modulus of the counter circuit and complete a timing diagram showing the output behavior. Finally, students will use the diagram to determine properties of the circuit including the flip-flop triggering and the function of one of the flip-flops.

Uploaded by

Alfred Galea
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 35: Principles & Applications of Electronic Devices and Circuits

Tutorial for Assessment P6


(P6 build and test a sequential circuit using flip flops)

A Sequential Circuit using Flip-Flops

Equipment Required

1 Power Supply +9V


1 Logic Probe

Digital trainer project

Integrated circuits (Pin-out data given at the end of this tutorial):

74HC74 (or 74LS74) – (Qty. 02); 74HC00 (or 74LS00) – (Qty.01)

Introduction (Please Read Carefully):

For this practical tutorial you will be using the NDE first year ‘electronics trainer
board’ project. For the tutorial you will be using the parts of the trainer as illustrated
below:

D E
B C

Page: 1
Unit 35: Principles & Applications of Electronic Devices and Circuits

Tutorial for Assessment P6


(P6 build and test a sequential circuit using flip flops)

Part A: Use this part to supply the trainer board with a voltage. Connect to a 9V DC
bench power supply, positive to the red socket, and 0V to the black socket.

Part B: These two points will be used as +5V power supply to the logic circuits you
need to construct on the bread board.

Part C: From this part the trainer has the capacity to produce a single clock pulse
with duration of approximately 0.5 seconds. The clock pulse is produced by pressing
the push button (pb) switch found at this part. The LED at this part goes on when the
pulse is being output from the SIL socket located at this part. Normally this socket is
at logic 0. When the switch is pressed the output goes to logic 1, and the LED comes
on for approximately 0.5 seconds.

The output socket at Part C is used to get single clock pulses required to operate the
assignment circuit later on in this assignment.

Part D: The assignment circuit outputs will be connected to sockets in this part. The
LED corresponding to the socket used will indicate the state of the associated
assignment circuit output.

LED on indicates a logic high (or 1) output.


LED off indicates a logic low (or 0) output.

Part E: These two points will be used as a power supply for the logic probe to be
used to test certain points on the circuit you will be connecting later on in this
assignment.

Page: 2
Unit 35: Principles & Applications of Electronic Devices and Circuits

Tutorial for Assessment P6


(P6 build and test a sequential circuit using flip flops)

Circuit diagram (A binary counter circuit):

Procedure (You must read each instruction carefully):

1. Construct the circuit shown in Figure 1 on the breadboard. After constructing


the circuit, connect it to your trainer board as indicated in Figure 1. Power up
the trainer and start to press the single clock push button switch found in Part
C of the trainer. With every press, the Yellow LED should flash once, and the
circuit outputs Qa to Qd should start advancing in a binary sequence (Note:
Qa = L.S.B.; Qd = M.S.B.).

2. Starting from all flip flops at a reset state (i.e. circuit output = ‘0000’), apply a
total of 16 clock pulses to the circuit. Note the outputs after every clock pulse
and fill in the truth table on next page with the output states you get after
every clock pulse. Important to note that the output in the table is read from
right to left.

Page: 3
Unit 35: Principles & Applications of Electronic Devices and Circuits

Tutorial for Assessment P6


(P6 build and test a sequential circuit using flip flops)

Note that one clock pulse is achieved by a single press of the trainer push
button (p.b.) switch found at the trainer location marked Part C. (Note also that
if the output before step 3 is not ‘0000’, before starting this procedure you
have to operate the trainer single pulse push button switch [trainer location
part C] until you get an output of ‘0000’ from the counter circuit).

Truth Table:

Clock pulse Outputs


number Qd Qc Qb Qa
0 0 0 0 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

3. Using the truth table you have just completed, state in which modulus is the
counter circuit of figure 1 operating. Enter your answer in the space provided
below:

Modulo _____ binary counter.

Page: 4
Unit 35: Principles & Applications of Electronic Devices and Circuits

Tutorial for Assessment P6


(P6 build and test a sequential circuit using flip flops)

4. Now, repeat the procedure of step 3 and complete the timing diagram below
according to the outputs you note after each complete clock pulse applied. It
is very important to note the instant of the clock when the Output
changes state.

Clock Pulse

Output Qa
Output Qa

Output Qb
Output Qb

Output Qc
Output Qc

Output Qd
Output Qd

5. From the timing diagram you completed above, determine which type of edge
triggering is being used inside the flip flops utilized in the counter circuit
constructed during this assignment. Put your answer in the space below.

6. Assuming that the Clock pulse train shown in the timing diagram of step 5 has
a periodic time of 1ms, use the timing diagram you completed in step 5 to
determine the values indicated in the table below. From the results you will
get, state a function flip flop U1:A is performing. Fill in the table with the
answers.

Frequency of the Clock Pulse Train:

Periodic time at Qa:

Frequency at Qa:

Function of flip flop U1:A

Page: 5
Unit 35: Principles & Applications of Electronic Devices and Circuits

Tutorial for Assessment P6


(P6 build and test a sequential circuit using flip flops)

7. Using the single clock pulse function of the trainer (i.e. by pressing trainer
Part C p.b. switch), set the counter output to read Qa=Qb=1; Qc=Qd=0. Use
the logic probe to test the points indicated in the table below. Complete the
table with the results.

Test location: Result: Test location: Result:


U1:A pin 4 U1:B pin 11
U2:A pin 6 U2:B pin 13
U3:A pin 1 U3:A pin 3

End of Experiment:

IC Pin-out data:

74HC00 (or 74LS00) 74HC74 (or 74LS74)

Page: 6

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