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Distributed Computing - Wikipedia

Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems. A distributed system is a system whose components are located on different networked computers that communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages. Distributed computing refers to using distributed systems to solve computational problems by dividing problems into tasks that are solved by one or more communicating computers. Key challenges of distributed systems include maintaining concurrency, overcoming the lack of a global clock, and managing independent component failures.

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38 views

Distributed Computing - Wikipedia

Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems. A distributed system is a system whose components are located on different networked computers that communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages. Distributed computing refers to using distributed systems to solve computational problems by dividing problems into tasks that are solved by one or more communicating computers. Key challenges of distributed systems include maintaining concurrency, overcoming the lack of a global clock, and managing independent component failures.

Uploaded by

Hamed
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Distributed

computing

A distributed system is a system whose


components are located on different
networked computers, which
communicate and coordinate their actions
by passing messages to one another.[1][2]
Distributed computing is a field of
computer science that studies distributed
systems.
The components of a distributed system
interact with one another in order to
achieve a common goal. Three significant
challenges of distributed systems are:
maintaining concurrency of components,
overcoming the lack of a global clock, and
managing the independent failure of
components.[1] When a component of one
system fails, the entire system does not
fail.[3] Examples of distributed systems
vary from SOA-based systems to
massively multiplayer online games to
peer-to-peer applications.

A computer program that runs within a


distributed system is called a distributed
program,[4] and distributed programming is
the process of writing such programs.[5]
There are many different types of
implementations for the message passing
mechanism, including pure HTTP, RPC-like
connectors and message queues.[6]

Distributed computing also refers to the


use of distributed systems to solve
computational problems. In distributed
computing, a problem is divided into many
tasks, each of which is solved by one or
more computers,[7] which communicate
with each other via message passing.[8]
Introduction
The word distributed in terms such as
"distributed system", "distributed
programming", and "distributed algorithm"
originally referred to computer networks
where individual computers were
physically distributed within some
geographical area.[9] The terms are
nowadays used in a much wider sense,
even referring to autonomous processes
that run on the same physical computer
and interact with each other by message
passing.[8]
While there is no single definition of a
distributed system,[10] the following
defining properties are commonly used as:

There are several autonomous


computational entities (computers or
nodes), each of which has its own local
memory.[11]
The entities communicate with each
other by message passing.[12]

A distributed system may have a common


goal, such as solving a large
computational problem;[13] the user then
perceives the collection of autonomous
processors as a unit. Alternatively, each
computer may have its own user with

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