Nutrition Now 8th Edition Brown Solutions Manual 1
Nutrition Now 8th Edition Brown Solutions Manual 1
Nutrition Now 8th Edition Brown Solutions Manual 1
Solutions Manual
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accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
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Brief Chapter Outline
I. Healthy Eating: Achieving a Balance between Good Taste and Good for You
A. Characteristics of Healthy Dietary Patterns
B. Healthy Dietary Patterns Identified for the United States
C. National Guides for Healthful Diets
II. Dietary Guidelines for Americans
1. Application of the Dietary Guidelines to Public Programs
III. MyPlate
A. ChooseMyPlate.gov Healthy Eating Messages
B. Healthy U.S.-Style Dietary Pattern
1. Portion Sizes and Food Measure Equivalents
2. Sample Menus
3. USDA’s Interactive Diet Planning Tools
a. Limitations of MyPlate
b. Other Healthy Dietary Patterns
C. The DASH Eating Plan
D. The Healthy Mediterranean Dietary Pattern
E. Realities of the Food Environment
F. Portion Distortion
1. Are Supersized Portions Supersizing Americans?
2. Can You Still Eat Right When Eating Out?
a. Staying on Track While Eating Out
3. Can Fast Foods Be Part of a Healthy Diet?
4. The Slow Food Movement
5. What If You Don’t Know How to Cook?
G. Bon Appétit!
1. Why do you think most Americans do not currently consume diets that match the recommendations
presented in the Dietary Guidelines?
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Answers will vary. There are many reasons why Americans do not consume diets that match the
recommendations presented in the Dietary Guidelines, including access to affordable and nutritious foods, food
preferences, opportunities for physical activity, and fast-paced lifestyles. Sometimes the reason can be that we
simply don’t think about the broad assortment of foods that can be included in a healthy dietary pattern. (LO
6.2)
2. Which food or foods fall into two of the five food groups represented in MyPlate?
Beans and peas are vegetables that also fall into the “protein foods” food group. (LO 6.3)
3. Which foods are emphasized in the Mediterranean diet and how often should they be consumed? Is
the Mediterranean diet associated with any health benefits?
The Mediterranean dietary pattern emphasizes plant foods, such as fruits, vegetables, grains (mostly whole),
beans, and nuts. Fish and seafood is represented in the diet at least twice a week, poultry and eggs twice weekly
or less, and cheese and yogurt one to seven times a week. Meats and sweets form the smallest part of the
pyramid and are consumed infrequently. Wine in moderation is a traditional part of the Mediterranean diet,
and water intake is encouraged. A number of studies have shown that this dietary pattern is associated with
lower risks of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, several forms of cancer, and overall mortality. (LO 6.3)
2This Internet exercise is also available for students to complete online (and print or e-mail their answers)
at the Nutrition Now student website.
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Classroom Activities
Note: Also see Activity 4-1: Labeling the Calorie Value of Fast Foods in Unit 4 of this manual as well as
Activity 5-2: Cultural Influences on Food Preferences, Activity 5-5: Genetics of Taste, and Activity 5-7:
Developing a Behavioral Change Plan in Unit 5 of this manual.
3 contributed by Judith Brown, University of Minnesota; this activity also complements Unit 10
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c. Accuracy of estimates of the amount of food consumed can be increased by:
• Referring to serving size information on Nutrition Facts panels or to weight or volume
measures given on food containers.
• Using a measuring cup to determine how much the glasses, cups, mugs, and bowls you
commonly use hold.
• Becoming familiar with object-measurement comparisons:
▪ tennis ball = ½ cup
▪ regular deck of cards = 3-ounce portion of meat
▪ can of condensed soup = 1 1/4 cups or 10 ounces
▪ sheet of notebook paper = 8 ½” 11”
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Answer key for Worksheet 6-1: Diet Evaluation—Guidelines vs. MyPlate
Meal A kcal CHO PRO Fat (g) Chol Na
(g) (g) (mg) (mg)
Total 802 106 31.5 26.5 56 448
Meal A CHO (g) Pro (g) Fat (g) Chol (mg) Na (mg)
Total (from above) 106 31.5 26.5 56 448
Total x 3 meals 168 1344
Total x 3 meals x 1272 378 715.5
kcal/gram = nutrient
caloric value
nutrient caloric value / 0.5287 0.1571 0.2974
2,406 = % of total calories
% of total calories x 100 = 52.87% 15.71% 29.74%
Meal B CHO (g) Pro (g) Fat (g) Chol (mg) Na (mg)
Total (from above) 122 29 41 160 849
Total x 3 meals 480 2547
Total x 3 meals x 1464 348 1107
kcal/gram = nutrient
caloric value
nutrient caloric value / 0.5131 0.1219 0.3880
2,853 = % of total calories
% of total calories x 100 = 51.31% 12.19% 38.80%
1. Yes
2. No
Meal A
Category Amount in 1 meal Multiply x 3 Recommendation for 2,000 kcal diet
Dairy 2 ½ cups 7.5 cups 3 cups
Protein foods 0 oz. 0 oz. 5.5 oz.
Vegetables ¼ cup ¾ cup 2.5 cups
Fruits 0 cups 0 cups 2 cups
Grains 2 oz. 6 oz. 6 oz.
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Meal B
Category Amount in 1 meal Multiply x 3 Recommendation for 2,000 kcal diet
Dairy 1 2/3 cups 5 cups 3 cups
Protein foods 2 oz. 6 oz. 5.5 oz.
Vegetables 1 cup 3 cups 2.5 cups
Fruits 1 cup 3 cups 2 cups
Grains 2 oz. 6 oz. 6 oz.
3. No
4. Yes
4 contributed by Judith Brown, University of Minnesota; this activity also complements Unit 31
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Activity 6-4: Diet Evaluation Using the MyPlate Guidelines—Individual Activity; Web Activity
Ask students to record everything they had to eat or drink during the previous day (24-hour recall) on
the reverse side of the “Personal Diet Evaluation Using MyPlate” (Worksheet 6-3). After the students
record their diets, have them sort their foods into the correct plate section and then tally the number of
cups or ounces in each section.
Alternatively, have the students evaluate their 24-hour recall using the USDA’s online Super Tracker at
https://www.supertracker.usda.gov/.
Feedback: The exercise helps students identify correct MyPlate grouping (e.g., butter is not part of the
milk group) and compare the portion sizes they consumed to the standards (Tables 6.4 and 6.7), and
promotes discussion of the limitations of the basic food group approach.
Activity 6-5: Menu Analysis—Class or Group Activity; Web and Computer Activity
Distribute menus obtained from local restaurants or ask students to use menus available on the Web.
Students may do an Internet search for a favorite restaurant to determine whether it has a Web site with
menu items listed.
Ask students to examine the menus and select breakfast, lunch, and dinner items that would meet the
2015 Dietary Guidelines.
As a secondary assignment, the diets selected may be analyzed using the Diet Analysis Plus computer
software. Students may then be asked to suggest changes to improve the diets they selected.
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Assignment Worksheet 6-1: Diet Evaluation—Guidelines vs. MyPlate
Instructions: Evaluate the nutritional value of the two meals below using the given dietary guidelines
and MyPlate. Next, conclude whether each meal does or does not meet the given dietary guidelines and
MyPlate standards. Begin by totaling the kcal, carbohydrate, protein, fat, cholesterol, and sodium in each
meal.
Standard – Selected nutrient recommendations: Use the following guidelines to calculate the percent
carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Assume a meal was eaten three times in one day to complete the
calculations.
Meal A CHO (g) Pro (g) Fat (g) Chol (mg) Na (mg)
Total (from above)
Total x 3 meals
Total x 3 meals x
kcal/gram = nutrient
caloric value
nutrient caloric value /
2,406 = % of total calories
% of total calories x 100 =
Recommendation 45%–65% 10%–35% 20%–35% <300 mg <2300 mg
kcal kcal kcal
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Meal B CHO (g) Pro (g) Fat (g) Chol (mg) Na (mg)
Total (from above)
Total x 3 meals
Total x 3 meals x
kcal/gram = nutrient
caloric value
nutrient caloric value /
2,853 = % of total calories
% of total calories x 100 =
Recommendation 45%–65% 10%–35% 20%–35% <300 mg <2300 mg
kcal kcal kcal
Standard – MyPlate: Assume a meal was eaten three times in one day to complete the graph. (Remember,
MyPlate is used to evaluate a day’s intake of food, not just one meal.) Refer to Table 6.5 for food
measurements equivalents when converting the food items to cups or ounces.
Meal A
Category Amount in 1 meal Multiply x 3 Recommendation for 2,000 kcal diet
Dairy 3 cups
Fruits 2 cups
Grains 6 oz.
Meal B
Category Amount in 1 meal Multiply x 3 Recommendation for 2,000 kcal diet
Dairy 3 cups
Fruits 2 cups
Grains 6 oz.
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Worksheet 6-2: Dietary Assessment
Instructions: Follow these instructions carefully when completing the assignment. You will be
asked to hand in:
1) Completed Dietary Intake Recording Form for three days of dietary intake.
2) A copy of the outputs from each day’s results from Food Tracker.
3) A copy of the outputs from each day’s results from the Nutrients Report.
4) Completed Reporting Forms A through E.
1. Record your dietary intake for one weekend day and two week days on the Dietary Intake
Recording Form included here. You will need at least three copies of the form.
a. Try to select days that represent your usual food intake.
b. Carry the Dietary Intake Recording Form with you during the days you will be
recording your food intake.
c. Write down foods, beverages, and ingredients in mixed dishes, and the amount of each
you consumed, on the form. Fully describe each food item.
d. Try to record your food intake after each meal or snack.
e. To increase the accuracy of estimates of food portion sizes, refer to Nutrition Facts
panels on food labels and note the weight or measure of a standard amount of the food
item. (For example, a slice of cheese may be labeled as weighing one ounce.) Serve
yourself foods and beverages using a cup measure or bowls, mugs, and glasses of a
known volume. Estimate the diameter of round foods, such as pancakes, tortillas, and
bagels using a piece of 8 ½” 11” notebook or tablet paper.
2. Review your dietary intake record for completeness.
3. Enter and analyze your dietary intake:
a. Go to www.choosemyplate.gov and select SuperTracker under “Online Tools.” Select
SuperTracker again (link in the middle of the page).
b. Follow the instructions for using the Food Tracker. You will be entering foods
individually and must select an amount for each food and when (during which meal)
you consumed the food. You have to hit the “+ Add” button to enter each food into the
analysis.
c. After you enter the last food from day 1, print a copy of the first page of the results on
the screen. Then click on the “Nutrient Intake Report” link at the bottom of the Daily
Food Group Targets graph. Print the Nutrients Report results for that day.
d. Repeat the same process described in "c" (above) for the next two days of food intake.
4. Complete Reporting Forms A through E using the results from Food Tracker and the
Nutrients Report.
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5. Prepare the dietary assessment report for submission.
a. Print your name or ID number on the first page of your report!
b. Staple together the following in the order listed:
1) Completed Dietary Intake Recording Form for three days of dietary intake.
2) A copy of the outputs from each day’s results from Food Tracker.
3) A copy of the outputs from each day’s results from Nutrients Report.
4) Completed Reporting Forms A through E.
Reporting Form B
Place a check next to the food groups that your average intake met or exceeded the Total
Percentage of Target.
_____ Grains _____ Vegetables _____ Fruits
_____ Dairy _____ Protein Foods
Your Intake
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Average
Total Calories
Protein (g)
Protein (% Calories)
Carbohydrate (% Calories)
Dietary Fiber (g)
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Your Intake
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Average
Total Fat (% Calories)
Saturated Fat (% Calories)
Cholesterol (mg)
Minerals
Calcium (mg)
Potassium (mg)
Sodium (mg)
Iron (mg)
Zinc (mg)
Vitamins
Vitamin A (g RAE)
Vitamin B6 (mg)
Vitamin B12 (g)
Vitamin C (mg)
Vitamin D (g)
Vitamin E (mg)
Folate (g DFE)
Reporting Form D
Based on the results listed in the “Status” column of the Nutrient Reports, place a check next to
the nutrients that received an “OK” at least two of the three days.
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Reporting Form E
Based on the results listed in the “Status” column of the Nutrient Reports, place a check next to
the nutrients that were “Under” at least two of the three days.
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accessible website, in whole or in part.
Dietary Intake Recording Form – Day _____
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Assignment Worksheet 6-3: Personal Diet Evaluation Using MyPlate
Instructions: Make a list of everything you ate or drank yesterday on the other side of the page. Next,
calculate how many cups or ounces you consumed from each MyPlate food group using Table 6.5 in the
textbook.
Grains (oz.) Vegetables (cups) Fruits (cups) Dairy (cups) Protein foods (oz.)
Find your balance between food and physical Know your limits on fats, sugars, and sodium.
activity.
What kind of fats did you consume yesterday?
Describe how much and what kind of physical
activity you engaged in yesterday.
Which foods contained added sugars?
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Assignment Worksheet 6-4: Personal Diet Evaluation for Specific Micronutrients
Instructions: Use the “food record” located at the following site to record and analyze your
food intake for one day: http://www.myfoodrecord.com/.
Choose a day fairly representative of your typical food intake. Before the food analysis, enter
information such as your height, weight, and gender. Once you have entered all the foods eaten
for the day, print your record. Next, click on “Save & Analyze Day” and print this page as well.
Be sure to turn in all printed material along with your responses to the following questions.
Questions:
1. Based on your results, lists your %DV of the following nutrients: thiamin, niacin, riboflavin,
vitamins C and A, calcium, and iron.
2. a. Examine your food analysis results and identify which nutrients are too low.
b. Click on “Find Nutrient Rich Foods.” Select a nutrient and then click “Search.” Select a
food from the results listed that you would consider trying in order to improve your
Nutrition Facts. Report your findings below for all the nutrients in your analysis results
that were too low.
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Handout 6-1: Portion Size Recording Form
Instructions: Write down your estimate of the portion size for each food on display.
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