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CREATE DATABASE database_name;
Create a Table: the following query creates a table
CREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type,
.......
)
n the given example we show the use of the create to make a table email and populate it
with the field named LName, FName and email_add.
CREATE TABLE email
(
LName varchar(20),
FName varchar(20),
email_add varchar(40)
)
INSERT INTO 'table_name'('field_name', 'field_name'. . .)
VALUES ('field_value', 'field_value'. . .);
Insert a New Row
To insert a new row in a database table we have to write the given below code:
INSERT INTO employee
VALUES ('Amar', 'Designer', 10000, '
[email protected]');
The output of the above code will be:
employee:
emp_name Position Salary email_id
Amar Designer 10000
[email protected]Insert Data in Specified Columns
Let us consider we have a table named employee which have the following records:
emp_name Position Salary email_id
Amar Designer 10000 [email protected]
Let us consider we want to insert data in field name 'emp_name', 'Position' and in
'email_id' with there specific values then we should use the following SQL statement:
INSERT INTO employee (emp_name, Position, email_id)
VALUES ('Vinod', 'Programmer', '
[email protected]');
The output is like:
emp_name Position Salary email_id
Amar Designer 10000
[email protected]Vinod Programmer
[email protected]Lets consider a record with a emp_name of "Amar" as shown below.
emp_name Position Salary email_id
Amar Designer 8000
[email protected]If we want to change the salary to the employee with a emp_name of "Amar" then we
should use the following SQL statement :
Syntax:
UPDATE 'table_name' SET 'field_name' = 'new_value'
WHERE 'field_name' = 'field_value';
for example:
UPDATE Person SET Salary = 10000
WHERE emp_name = 'Amar';
The output of the above code will be :
emp_name Position Salary email_id
Amar Designer 10000
[email protected]To Update several Columns in a Row: If we want to change the multiple values of a
table like in employee table we want to change Position and email_id then we have to
write the following code in which we set the email_id and position by SET keyword and
putting condition by keyword WHERE for emp_name is 'Amar'.
UPDATE employee
SET email_id = '[email protected]', Position = 'Programmer'
WHERE emp_name = 'Amar';
The output of the above code will be:
emp_name Position Salary email_id
Amar Programmer 10000
[email protected]The DELETE statement is used to delete rows from a table. database will update that is
why deletion and insertion of data will be done.
Syntax
DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE column_name = some_value
Let's consider a table :
Person:
LName FName Address
ram Raj delhi-5
sonu Shiv delhi-5
To Delete a Row :
Suppose the row with Lname="sonu" is needed to get deleted
.
DELETE FROM Person WHERE LName = 'sonu'
Result
LName FName Address
ram Raj delhi-5
To Delete All the Rows : This means that the table structure, attributes, and indexes will
be drop.
DELETE FROM table_name
SELECT key word is used to select data from a table.
Syntax:
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
Example: To select the content of columns named "LName" and "FName", from the
database table called "email", use a SELECT .
SELECT Name, Father_Name FROM EMAIL
The database table "email":
Name Father_Name Address
Ram Sonu delhi-5
Select All Columns: To select all columns from the "email" table, use a * symbol
instead of column names.
SELECT * FROM email
WHERE clause is used with the SELECT keyword. ' Where' is a clause which is used for
searching the data with a particular condition.
If the data in the table matches condition then it returns the specific value of that
particular data.
Syntax
SELECT column FROM table
WHERE column operator value
The following operators can be used:
Operator Description
= Equal
BETWEEN Between an inclusive range
LIKE Search for a pattern
IN If you know the exact value you want to
return for at least one of the columns
WHERE in SQL:
we add a WHERE to the SELECT statement:
SELECT * FROM Persons
WHERE unit='india'
In this section we are going to illustrate aggregate function, with the help of which we
can use many arithmetic operation like average, count, maximum and many more in
SQL. They are briefly described and denoted by the keyword in the given below section.
AVG
COUNT
MAX
MIN
SUM
For all of the above given function the standard code syntax will be:
SELECT "function type"
("column_name") FROM "table_name"
For example we just take a Employee table and use the aggregate function SUM on the
field "Salary" to find out the total salary of the Employee table.
Table Employee:
emp_Name Salery Joining_Date
Amit 15000 Feb-05-2005
Chandan 25000 Feb-17-2005
Ravi 8000 Feb-25-2005
Vinod 7000 Feb-28-2005
To find out the total salary of the company's employee we should write the following
code:
SELECT SUM (Salary) FROM Employee;
When we run the above query we will get the following result:
SUM(Salary)
55000
