Basic Research and Applied Research

1.
Basic research and applied research

 Basic research and applied research are different types of research with different
purposes and outcomes. Basic research is guided by curiosity and aims to expand
existing scientific knowledge and theory. Applied research is driven by specific problems
and aims to provide answers and solutions for practical situations.
 Basic research is more theoretical and analytical, while applied research is more practical
and action-oriented.
 Basic research is universally applicable, while applied research is only applicable to
specific contexts that require it.
 Some sources contrast basic research as ivory tower research with no practical
implications or societal impact, and applied research as down-to-earth research with
limited theoretical value and practical utility. However, this may be an oversimplification
of the complex relationship between basic and applied research.
 basic research examples
 Basic research is guided by curiosity and aims to expand existing scientific knowledge
and theory. Here are some examples of basic research:
 A study to look at the effects of social media on teenagers
 A study to examine the genetic code of the fruit fly
 A study to find out the components of protons, neutrons and electrons
 A study to investigate how alcohol impacts the brain
 A study to assess the correlation between stress levels and aggression1
 applied research examples

 Applied research is driven by specific problems and aims to provide answers and
solutions for practical situations. Here are some examples of applied research:
 A study to optimize a company’s hiring process
 A study to stimulate students’ interest in Mathematics
 A study to improve the energy efficiency of homes and offices
 A study to investigate factors that contribute to extrinsic and intrinsic motivation
 A study to find effective sales strategies to increase revenue
2. action research and applied research
 Action research and applied research are in some ways similar and overlapping, but there
are also important differences between them. Action research is typically conducted in a
single setting or organization, whereas applied research may be conducted across
multiple settings or organizations. Action research is often iterative and involves multiple
cycles of data collection, analysis, and action, whereas applied research may be a one-
time study. Action research often employs qualitative methods, such as interviews,
 observations, and document analysis, whereas applied research may employ both
qualitative and quantitative methods. Action research is often more informal and flexible
in terms of research design and methodology, whereas applied research may be more
formal and structured
 Action research is a type of applied research that is designed to solve practical problems
in real-world situations. Applied research is driven by specific problems and aims to
provide answers and solutions for practical situations . While both types of research are
similar in that they are designed to solve practical problems, action research is more
focused on solving problems in specific contexts, while applied research is more focused
on providing answers and solutions for practical situations in general.
 action research examples
 Action research is often used in fields like education because of its iterative and flexible
style1. Here are some examples of action research:
 A science teacher has noticed that her 9th grade students do not cooperate with each other
when doing group projects. There is a lot of arguing and battles over whose ideas will be
followed. So, she decides to implement a simple action research project on the matter.
 As part of an ongoing commitment to improve school facilities for students with
disabilities, an action research plan asked students using wheelchairs to time how long it
took them to get from one classroom to another.
 A study on how to improve illiteracy in teenagers
 example of applied research
. Examples of applied research.:
 Improve agricultural crop production

 Treat or cure a specific disease
 Improve the energy efficiency of homes, offices, or modes of transportation
 Suggest innovative and modified methods of measurement in any specific investigation2
3. operation research and evalution research

 Operations research (OR) and evaluation research are two different types of research that
have some similarities and differences. Both types of research are used to solve problems
and make decisions. OR is used to optimize decision-making processes by using
mathematical models and algorithms. Evaluation research is used to assess the
effectiveness of programs, policies, or interventions. Both types of research use
quantitative methods to collect data and analyze results.
 Here are some examples of operations research:
 Utilizing algorithms to determine the ideal number of staff to support a project
 Expanding staffing algorithms to optimize hiring and avoid a large pool of
resources on the bench
 Managing Reorder quantity optimally to manage procurement processes
efficiently
 Managing production schedules for items with shorter shelf-life to avoid wastage
of resources
 There are many examples of operations research. Here are some examples:
 A health care facility is experiencing a staff shortage and employs an operations
research analyst to determine the minimum number of staff necessary for the
facility to operate normally1.
 A company wants to optimize its supply chain management and uses operations
research to determine the best way to allocate resources 2.
 A city wants to reduce traffic congestion and uses operations research to
determine the best way to allocate resources3.
 What is evaluation research?
 Evaluation research, also known as program evaluation, refers to research
purpose instead of a specific method. Evaluation research is the systematic
assessment of the worth or merit of time, money, effort and resources spent in
order to achieve a goal.
 Evaluation research is closely related to but slightly different from more
conventional social research. It uses many of the same methods used in
traditional social research, but because it takes place within an organizational
context, it requires team skills, interpersonal skills, management skills, political
smartness, and other research skills that social research does not need much.
Evaluation research also requires one to keep in mind the interests of the
stakeholders.
 Evaluation research is a type of applied research, and so it is intended to have
some real-world effect. Many methods like surveys and experiments can be
used to do evaluation research. The process of evaluation research consisting of
data analysis and reporting is a rigorous, systematic process that involves
collecting data about organizations, processes, projects, services, and/or
resources. Evaluation research enhances knowledge and decision-making, and
leads to practical applications.
 Evaluation Research lets you understand what works and what doesn’t, where
we were, where we are and where we are headed towards. You can find out the
areas of improvement and identify strengths. So, it will help you to figure out what
do you need to focus more on and if there are any threats to your business. You
can also find out if there are currently hidden sectors in the market that are yet
untapped.
 Improve practice
 It is essential to gauge your past performance and understand what went wrong
in order to deliver better services to your customers. Unless it is a two-way
communication, there is no way to improve on what you have to offer.
Evaluation research gives an opportunity to your employees and customers to
express how they feel and if there’s anything they would like to change. It also
lets you modify or adopt a practice such that it increases the chances of
success.
 Assess the effects
 After evaluating the efforts, you can see how well you are meeting objectives
and targets. Evaluations let you measure if the intended benefits are really
reaching the targeted audience and if yes, then how effectively.
 Build capacity
 Evaluations help you to analyze the demand pattern and predict if you will need
more funds, upgrade skills and improve the efficiency of operations. It lets you
find the gaps in the production to delivery chain and possible ways to fill them.
 Methods of evaluation research
 All market research methods involve collecting and analyzing the data, making
decisions about the validity of the information and deriving relevant inferences
from it. Evaluation research comprises of planning, conducting and analyzing the
results which include the use of data collection techniques and applying
statistical methods.
 Some of the evaluation methods which are quite popular are input measurement,
output or performance measurement, impact or outcomes assessment, quality
assessment, process evaluation, benchmarking, standards, cost analysis,
organizational effectiveness, program evaluation methods, and LIS-centered
methods. There are also a few types of evaluations that do not always result in a
meaningful assessment such as descriptive studies, formative evaluations, and
implementation analysis. Evaluation research is more about information-
processing and feedback functions of evaluation.
 Examples of evaluation research
 Evaluation research questions lay the foundation of a successful evaluation.
They define the topics that will be evaluated. Keeping evaluation questions ready
not only saves time and money, but also makes it easier to decide what data to
collect, how to analyze it, and how to report it.
 Evaluation research questions must be developed and agreed on in the planning
stage, however, ready-made research templates can also be used.

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Basic research and applied research

 applied research examples

2. action research and applied research

 Improve agricultural crop production

3. operation research and evalution research

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