International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

AN EXPERIMENTAL WORK ON CONCRETE BY USAGE OF CALCITE

POWDER AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT WITH CEMENT

Praful I. Vankar1, Dr. Yogesh S. Patel2, Dhruv H. Patel3

1Post Graduate Student in Structural Engineering, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar
2Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar
3Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar

---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Calcite powder is natural form of calcium 2. Materials
carbonate. This experiment described the procedure and result
of a laboratory investigation of mechanical properties carried 2.1 Calcite powder
out on concrete specimen containing calcite powder as partial
replacement of cement in concrete. Preparation of concrete Calcite is a rock-forming mineral with a chemical formula of
specimens with calcite powder with different ratio by volume CaCO3. It is extremely common and found throughout the
as replacement with cement. Find the best mechanical world in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks.
properties from the replacement of cement calcite powder Some geologists consider it to be a "ubiquitous mineral" one
separately and together. Test result indicate that the concrete that is found everywhere. Calcite is the principal constituent
specimens containing 10% calcite powder replacement by of limestone and marble. These rocks are extremely common
volume with cement separately and together improve the and make up a significant portion of Earth's crust. They
mechanical properties of the conventional concrete mixture. serve as one of the largest carbon repositories on our planet.
Indian Standard cube, cylinder and beam are prepared to The properties of calcite make it one of the most widely used
measure compressive strength after 7days, 14days, and 28days minerals. It is used as a construction material, abrasive,
and Split tensile, Flexural strength after 28days of water agricultural soil treatment, construction aggregate, pigment,
curing and compare this strength with M25 control mix. pharmaceutical and more. It has more uses than almost any
other mineral.
Key Words: Concrete, calcite powder, compression
strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength. Table 1 Chemical properties of calcite powder

1. Introduction SR. NO. Particulars Units Results

The most importance properties of concrete are mechanical 1 Calcium carbonate % 50.48
strength. The mechanical properties of concrete can be as CaO
improved with alternative material used for replacement of
Portland cement in concrete. This material is more common 2 Magnesium oxide as % 2.42
due to some technical, economic and environmental reasons. MgO
One of this material is diatomaceous rocks. Diatomite is
sedimentary rock of biogenic origin with high natural 3 Aluminum oxide as % 0.08
amorphous silica content. The amorphous silica is mainly in Al2O3
the form of diatom frustules, and secondarily in the form of
sponge spicules, silicone-flagellate skeletons and radiolarian 4 Ferric Oxide as % 0.28
cells. This type of SiO2 can react with Ca(OH)2 and produce Fe2O3
calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H), which are responsible for
5 Calcium Carbonate % 92.5
the development of strength. Diatomite rocks commonly
as CaCO3
contain carbonate and clay minerals, quartz, feldspars and
volcanic glass. it can be used as pozzolanic material for Magnesium
6 % 3.55
partial replacement of cement in production of concrete.
Carbonate as
Calcite powder is rock forming mineral with chemical
formula with CaCO3. Calcite powder is natural form of 7 Silicon Di-Oxide As % 5.3
calcium carbonate with extremely high witness, purity and SiO2
Free flowing in nature.
8 Loss of Ignition % 42.52

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Table 2 Physiochemical properties of calcite powder

SR.NO Particulars Units Results

1 Brightness % 92.0

2 Whiteness % 93.4

3 Bulk Density Gm/cc 0.97

3. Mix Proportion for M25

Table 3 MIX Design

Volume of Concrete 1
(Cu.m.) Fig -1 Aggregate impact value
Cement Content (kg) 394.64
4.2 Consistency of Cement
Water Content (kg) 197.32
Fine aggregate (kg) 688 A Minimum quantity of water required to initiate the
751 chemical reaction between water and cement to form a paste
Kapachi (kg)
is known as consistency of cement. The Aim of this test is to
Grit (kg) 422 find the basic required quantity of water to form a cement
Admixture (kg) 0 paste as specified by IS Code 4031 (Part 4 – 1988) which the
Weight (kg) 2452.96 Vicat plunger will penetrate to 5-7mm point to the bottom of
w/c ratio 0.5 Vicat mould.

4. Experimental study and test results

4.1 Aggregate impact value test

The “aggregate impact value” gives a relative

measure of the resistance of an aggregate to sudden shock or
impact, which in some aggregates differs from its resistance
to a slow compressive load. This test is done on aggregate
size passing 12.5 mm I.S sieve and retained on 10 mm I.S
sieve.

Table 4 Aggregate impact value test result

Sample 1 Sample 2

W1 = IS Sieve 12.50
mm passing & 10
mm retained oven 348 (gm) 350(gm)
dried weight

W2 = IS Sieve 12.50
mm passing & 10
mm retained oven 51(gm) 55(gm)
dried weight Fig -2 Consistency of Cement

W2/W1 0.1465 0.1571 4.3 Compressive Strength Test

Tests used to determine the strength of concrete

(W2/W1) % 14.65 % 15.71 %
under applied loads. Testing is performed on a compression
testing machine. It was done in accordance with IS 516-1959.
In the case of a cubic compression test, a generally used test

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piece uses a cube of 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm or 100 mm and 150 mm diameter is used for the test. For the casting
× 100 mm × 100 mm in consideration of the aggregate size. procedure the cylindrical mould is filled by concrete mix in 3
Typically, in most jobs, a die of 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm layers of having equal depth approximately. A tamping rod of
is used for the test. Cylindrical specimens are used for steel bar having 16 mm diameter and 60 cm long and bullet
compression tests with a diameter of 150 mm and a height of pointed at lower end should be use for compaction. The
300 mm. For compression, a tamping rod of steel bar with a concrete distribution should be uniformly throughout the
diameter of 16 mm and a length of 60 cm should be used. mould by hand tamping or using mechanical vibrator for
compaction. Each layer of the concrete should be compacted
well and the compaction should not be less than 35 strokes
per layer using tamping rod. Then after the leveling of top
surface should be done and make the surface smooth by
using trowel. Then after, the test specimens are removed
from the moulds after 24 hours and kept in the water until
the test is carried out.

Fig -3 Compressive Testing machine

Fig -5 cylinder Casting

4.5 Flexural strength test

Flexural strength test. The determination of tensile

strength by flexural test is the ideal method because of its
similarity to the real life situations which are faced by flexural
members. In the flexural test, the specimen of concrete is
loaded on simply supported as shown in the figure. There are
two various types of loading is generally applied to the test
specimen either at the midpoint of the test specimen or at
two equidistant points of the test specimen from the ends.
Fig -4 Cube Casting The arrangement of the flexural test is shown in figure.

4.4 Split Tensile Strength Generally, the standard size of beam specimen is 150
mm x 150 mm x 700 mm but another size of beam specimens
Generally, concrete is not designed to resist direct tensional 100 mm x 100 mm x 500 mm is used for the testing purpose
force and also has a very low tensile strength. The obtaining when the aggregate size is lower. The beam failure occurs in
of tensile strength of concrete is for getting the estimated bending when the acting stress at the bottom surface of the
load under crack occurrence. For maintaining the strength beam exceeds the limit and it is termed as modulus of
and continuity of the concrete member the importance to the rupture.
crack which is developed should be given. Also, to prevent
the corrosion of reinforcement, the crack occurrence should
be minimized as the smaller crack develop in to the concrete
structure leads to develop in larger crack which is the main
reason for the corrosion of reinforcement. The behavior of
reinforced concrete can be understand by the tensile
strength in more case when, the tensile strength have not
taken in consideration for actual design. The determination
of tensile strength can be done by split tensile strength test
of concrete. This test was done as per IS 5816-1970. A
cylindrical mould of having standard size of 300 mm length
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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Fig -6 Beam Casting

4.6 Results

23 Chart -3: Compressive strength of cylinder after 7 days

22
21
31
20
30
19
18 29
0% 5% 10 %
28
Replacement Replacement Replacement
27

Chart -1: Compressive strength of cube after 7 days 26

36 0 % Replacement5 % Replacement10 % Replacement
35
Chart -4: Compressive strength of cylinder after 28
34 days
33
32
3.6
31
3.5
30
3.4
0 % Replacement 5 % Replacement10 % Replacement
3.3
3.2
Chart -2: Compressive strength of cube after 28 days 3.1
3
0% 5% 10 %
Replacement Replacement Replacement

Chart -5: Split Tensile strength of cylinder after 28

days

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

CALCIUM CARBONATE POWDER ”@( ICRTESM-2018)

ISBN:978-93-87793-12-5
5.2
5.15 6. WENDIMU GUDISSA AND ABEBE DINKU “THE USE OF
5.1 LIMESTONE POWDER AS AN ALTERNATIVE CEMENT
5.05 REPLACEMENT MATERIAL: AN EXPERIMENTAL
5 STUDY” @ JOURNAL OF EEA. Vol. 27, 2010
4.95
7. IS: 2386-1963 METHODS OF TEST FOR AGGREGATE OF
4.9
CONCRETE, BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS, NEW
4.85 DELHI.
4.8 8. IS: 10262-2009 INDIAN STANDARDS CONCRETE MIX
0% 5% 10 % PROPORTIONING.
Replacement Replacement Replacement
9. IS: 383-1970 INDIAN STANDARDS SPECIFICATION FOR
COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATE FROM NATURAL
Chart -6: Flexure strength of Beam after 28 days SOURCES FOR CONCRETE.

10. IS 4031 PART 4 CONSISTENCY OF CEMENT

5. CONCLUSIONS
11. WWW. ELSEVIER.COM
The replacement of calcite powder with cement gives
improvement in compression strength and split tensile
strength. here I show some results for compressive strength
12. WWW. SCIENCEDIRECT.COM
and split tensile strength. with 10% calcite powder replace
with cement give maximum compressive strength 34.93
N/mm2 and 5% calcite powder replace with cement give
maximum split tensile strength 3.54 N/mm2 this mix
proportion are given maximum result for compressive
strength and split tensile strength.

6. REFERENCES

1. Lucky Chandra , Djwantoro Hardjito “ The impact of

using fly ash, silica fume and calcium carbonate on the
workability and compressive strength of mortar ”@ The
5th International Conference of Euro Asia Civil
Engineering Forum (EACEF-5) 2015

2. Saurabh D. Lakhamapure, Swapnil R. Satone , Vivek Naik

“Use of Calcite and Fly Ash for Manufacturing of Self
Compacting Concrete”@ International Journal of
Research in Engineering, Science and Management
Volume-1, Issue-5, May 2018 www.ijresm.com

3. 4 Huseyin Temiz , Fatih Kantarci , “Investigation of

durability of CEM II B-M mortars and concrete with
limestone powder, calcite powder and fly ash”,
Construction and Building Materials @ 2014 Elsevier
Ltd.

4. T.Matschei, B. Lothenbach, F.P. Glasser “The role of

calcium carbonate in cement hydration”@ 2006 Elsevier
Ltd.

5. UMESH SAINI,SITESH KUMAR SINGH “PERFORMANCE

EVALUATION OF CONCRETE USING ULTRA FINE

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