Name: Even Jay B.

Carillo BSED Mathematics

Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematic 7

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the student can:
a. describe and illustrate well-defined sets and the null set
b. identify the elements of a set
c. identify the cardinality of a set; and
d. solve problems on operation of sets
II. Subject Matter:
 Topic: The Language of Sets
 Lesson: Sets
 Reference: Grade 7 Mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities.
 Author: Gladys C. Nivera, Ph.D.
 Materials: Picture collage, images, flash cards, PowerPoint
Presentation, calculators.
 Teaching Strategy: Inductive Method
 Teaching Competency: Values and Skills: Determination, Cooperation,
Self – confidence and Critical thinking.
III. Procedure:
A. Preliminary Activity
a. Prayer
b. Checking of Attendance
B. Review
a. Ask the class about the previous lesson
b. Ask the class on what they learn on the previous lesson
c. Ask the class if they really understand the past lesson
C. Motivation
a. Activity: Identify me
b. The teacher will present some flash cards.
c. The student will guess what is presented on the flash cards
D. Lesson Proper
a. Sets
A group or collection of objects is called a set. Set maybe thought as a collection of
objects. Each member of a set is called an element.

1. Well-Defined Set
-A set can be well-defined or not well-defined. A well-defined set has a clear set of
elements.
2. Not Well-Defined
-The use of adjectives to describe a set makes a set not weel-defined.

Example:
 b.
Universal Set
-The universal set U is the set that contains all objects under consideration.
Example:
1. Set U contains the set of all letters of the English Alphabet.
U = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z}
2. Set U contains the set of days of the week.
U = {Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday}
c. Subsets
- Given any two sets A and B, if every element in A is also an element in B, then A is a
subset of B. The symbol “A ⊆ B” is read A is a subset of B.
Note: Every set is a subset of itself and empty set is also a subset of every set.

d. Null set
- A set with no element is an empty set or null set. The symbol for empty set is { } or ∅.
Example:
1. Set I is the set of months with 35 days.
I ¿ {} or I ¿ ∅
2. Set M is the set of cars with 1,000 doors.
M ¿ {} or M ¿ ∅
3. Set B is the set of flying castles.
B ¿ {} or B ¿ ∅
e. Cardinality of sets
- The cardinal number of set A, denoted by n(A), is the number of elements in set A.

Thus, in
A = {1,3,5,7}, n(A) = 4 because set A contains 4 elements.

Example: Cardinality:

1. A={5} |A|=1
2. B={7,2} |B|=2
3. C={1,2,3} |C|=3
4. D={1,2,2} |D|=2
 5. E={2,2,2} |E|=1
f. A.) Union of Sets and B.) Intersection ofSsets C.) Different of Two Sets

OPERATION OF SETS

A.) Union of Sets

-The union of sets A and B, written as A ∪ B, is the set of elements that are members of
A, or members of B, or members of both A and B.
Example:
If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6},

then A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

If A = {a, b, c, d, e} and B = {a, e, i, o, u},

then A ∪ B = {a, b, c, d, e, i, o, u}

B.) Intersection of Sets

-The intersection of two sets A and B, written as A ∩ B, is the set of all elements
common to both sets A and B.

Example:
1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6}, then A ∩ B = {1, 2}

2. If A = {a, b, c, d, e} and B = {a, e, i, o, u}, then A ∩ B = {a, e}

C.) Difference of Two Sets

The difference of set A and B, written as A – B, is a set of elements in A that are not in B.
Example:
1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6}, then A – B = {3} while, B – A = {4, 5, 6}.
2. If A = {a, b, c, d, e} and B = {a, e, i, o, u}, then A – B = {b, c, d}, while
B – A = {i, o, u}.
E. Application
 Do a question and answer about the subject matter.
 Scaffolding of new knowledge
 Answering Board questions.

F. Generalization
Let’s Find out
Apart from their Mathematical usage, we use sets in our daily life.
b. Give one (1) everyday life example of sets and explain briefly why you give such
example.
c. Write the answer on your answer sheet.
d. The first given below is your guide.

G. Evaluation
I. Instruction: Identify whether the given set is WELL DEFINED or NOT WELL DEFINED.
 _____________________1. The set of presidents.
_____________________2. The set of fruits.
_____________________3. The set of best actresses.
_____________________4. The set of all planets in the solar system.
_____________________5. The set of months containing 30 days.

II. IDENTIFICATION: Identify the cardinality and the subsets of the following sets.

Set A = {2, 7}
n(A) = _________ Subsets: ______________________________________________
2. Set B = {ruby, zircon, amethyst}
n(B) = _________ Subsets: ______________________________________________
III. IDENTIFICATION: Identify the Union, Intersection, and Difference of the following
sets.
If A = {2, 3, 4, 5}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7}, and C = {6, 7, 8, 9}, find:
(a) A ∪ B = __________________________
(b) B ∩ C = __________________________
(c) C – A = __________________________
H. Assignment
Multiple Choice
Instruction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is a well – defined set?

A. the set of happy people
B. the set of good teachers
C. the set of enjoyable subjects
D. the set of Philippine Presidents
2. How many subsets will the set below have?
T = {Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday}
A. 5 B. 10 C. 32 D. 64
3. What do you call a set that contains no element?
A. Subset C. Universal Set
B. Superset D. Empty or Null Set
4. What is the cardinality of P = the set of names for the months of the year?
A. 4 B. 8 C. 12 D. 24
5. Given X = { 1, 4, 16 } and Y = { 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36 }, what is X ∩ Y?
A. X ∩ Y = ∅ C. X ∩ Y = { 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 }
B. X ∩ Y = { 1, 4, 16 } D. X ∩ Y = { 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36 }
6. Given A = {even whole numbers that are less than 10} and 
B = {prime numbers that are less than 10}, what is A - B?
A. A - B = ∅ C. A - B = { 0, 2 }
B. A - B = { 2 } D. A - B = { 0 , 2, 4 }
7. If M = {xIx is a number greater than 7} and 
N = {yIy is an even number less than 15}, what is M ∪ N?
A. M ∪ N = ∅ C. M ∪ N = { 8, 10, 12}
B. M ∪ N = {8, 10} D. M ∪ N = {8, 10, 12, 14}
8. Which of the following is a well-defined set?
a. A set of good readers.
b. A set of factors of 2.
c. A set of good students in grade seven.
d. A set big numbers.
9. Which of the following is the symbol of a null set?
A. Ս B. ∩ C.⊂ D. ∅
10. Given the set of letters in the word “FAITH”. What is the cardinality of the given set?
A. 11 B. 8 C. 6 D. 5
Comprehension Check
Instruction: Write the elements of each of the following sets and state its cardinal numbers.
1. The set of letters in the word ‘PHILIPPINES’
2. The set of letters in the word ‘INDONESIA’