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Unit 9 Revision Notes

Static electricity is the buildup of electrical charges on an object caused by an imbalance of electrons. Atoms are made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons. Protons are positively charged while electrons are negatively charged. Static electricity occurs when electrons move between objects due to friction, leaving one object positively charged and the other negatively charged. Current electricity involves the continuous flow of electrons through a closed circuit. A circuit contains a power source, electrical load, conducting wires, and switches. Conductors allow electron flow while insulators resist it. Ohm's law describes the mathematical relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit.

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101 views3 pages

Unit 9 Revision Notes

Static electricity is the buildup of electrical charges on an object caused by an imbalance of electrons. Atoms are made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons. Protons are positively charged while electrons are negatively charged. Static electricity occurs when electrons move between objects due to friction, leaving one object positively charged and the other negatively charged. Current electricity involves the continuous flow of electrons through a closed circuit. A circuit contains a power source, electrical load, conducting wires, and switches. Conductors allow electron flow while insulators resist it. Ohm's law describes the mathematical relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit.

Uploaded by

Ansh Dhandia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electricity Unit Notes

Static Electricity

Static electricity is the build up of electrical charges on an


object
All matter is made up of atoms
Inside atoms are protons, electrons and neutrons
Protons are positively charged; electrons are negatively charged and neutrons
are neutral because the number of protons is the same has the number of
electrons thats why atom has no overall charge
When there is an imbalance of an electrical charge, static electricity is resulted
Electrostatic is the science of static electricity
To create a buildup, electrons are required to move from one object to another
When you rub a balloon against hair all the negative electrons move to the
balloon and leaves the hair with positive protons
When you rub two objects together and create a static charge it is called
charging by friction
When an object is positively charged it contains less electrons and an object that
is negatively charged contains more electrons
Protons cannot be removed
When a negatively charged object is placed against a neutral
charged object, it attracts positive protons
Two balloon rubbing against each other, accumulates a lot of electrons and both
become
Current Electricity
Current electricity is continuous movement of electrons from one point to
another
A circuit is a closed loop which electricity flows through
A series circuit is a circuit with one pathway of electric flow
A parallel circuit is a circuit with many pathways of electric flow
Circuits have four components
1. Source
Is a source of electrical energy
A cell or battery is an example
2. Load
Is an electrical load, that converts electrical energy into a different form
of energy
Examples can be a light bulb, blender, speaker
3. Conducting Wire
A conducing wire is used for electrons to flow throughout the circuit
Example can be different types of wires
4. Switch
A switch controls current flow
Example would be a switch on wall for lights on and on/off button
Insulators and Conductors
Conductors allow electrons to flow freely
Insulators resist movement of electrons
Semi-conductor allows some movement of electrons
In insulators electrons are tightly bound to nuclei (+), while in a conductor the
electrons
aren’t bound tightly
OHMs Law
Electricity is relied on three different variables
1. Voltage
2. Current
3. Resistance
Voltage is the pressure behind electricity
To represent voltage units, we use “V’ or “Volts”
Current is how much energy is flowing through the circuit and the volume of
electricity
Amperes or Amps is the unit used to measure current and the variable is “I”
Resistance is the opposition to the flow current in a circuit
Ohms is the unit used to measure resistance and uses the letter omega “Ω” to
represent
ohms
Voltage/Resistance = Current
Voltage/Current = Resistance
Resistance * Current = Voltage
Ohm’s law is a mathematical law that describes the relationship between voltage,
current and resistance in a circuit

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