National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012

Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

UEE1303(1070) S12: Object-Oriented Programming

Operator Overloading and Function Overloading

What you will learn from Lab 7

In this laboratory, you will learn how to use operator overloading and function overloading, which
are important functionality provided by C++.

TASK 7-1 FUNCTION OVERLOADING

Overloaded functions are functions in the same scope that have the same name but their
arguments are different.
// lab7-1-1.cpp
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

int sum(int *array, int len)

{
int n = 0;
for (int i=0;i<len;i++)
n += array[i];
return n;
}

double sum(double *array, int len)

{
double n = 0.0;
for (int i=0;i<len;i++)
n += array[i];
return n;
}
int main()
{
int array1[5] = {1,2,3,4,5};
cout << "sum(array1) = " << sum(array1,5) << endl;

double array2[5] = {1.1,2.2,3.3,4.4,5.5};

cout << "sum(array2) = " << sum(array2,5) << endl;

return 0;
}

 In this function, int sum(int *array, int len) and double sum(double *array, int
len) have the same name in global scope, but the types of argument lists are different.

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

The different number of argument lists is also one kind of function overloading.
// lab7-1-2.cpp
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

int min(int n1, int n2)

{
int tmp = n1 < n2 ? n1 : n2;
return tmp;
}

int min(int n1, int n2, int n3)

{
int tmp = min(n1,n2);
return min(tmp,n3);
}

int main()
{
cout << "min(4,3) = " << min(4,3) << endl;
cout << "min(1,3,2) = " << min(1,3,2) << endl;

return 0;
}

 Notice that, the function overloading can be achieved by different data type and different
number of argument list, but it cannot be different return type. For example, int sum(int
*array, int len) and double sum(int *array, int len) cannot exist at the same time.

TASK 7-2 OVERLOADED FUNCTIONS AS MEMBER FUNCTIONS

In this example, there are three overloaded constructors and two overloaded member functions.
// lab7-2.cpp
#include <iostream>

class Point2D
{
private:
int x;
int y;
double value;

public:
Point2D();
Point2D(int n1, int n2);

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

Point2D(int n1, int n2, double v);

void assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2);
void assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2, double v);
void displayPoint2D() const;
};

Point2D::Point2D()
{
x = 0;
y = 0;
value = 0;
}

Point2D::Point2D(int n1, int n2)

{
assignPoint2D(n1,n2,0.0);
}

Point2D::Point2D(int n1, int n2, double v)

{
assignPoint2D(n1,n2,v);
}

void Point2D::assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2)

{
assignPoint2D(n1,n2,value);
}

void Point2D::assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2, double v)

{
x = n1;
y = n2;
value = v;
}

void Point2D::displayPoint2D() const

{
std::cout << "(" << x << "," << y << ") = ";
std::cout << value << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
Point2D pt1(3,4,3.9);
Point2D pt2;

pt1.displayPoint2D();
pt2.displayPoint2D();

std::cout << "after assignment " << std::endl;

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

pt1.assignPoint2D(1,3);
pt2.assignPoint2D(2,3,1.1);
pt1.displayPoint2D();
pt2.displayPoint2D();

return 0;
}

TASK 7-3 OPERATOR OVERLOADING

Operator can be overloaded to define the operator on the object.
// lab7-3.cpp
#include <iostream>

class Point2D
{
private:
int x;
int y;
double value;

public:
Point2D();
Point2D(int n1, int n2);
Point2D(int n1, int n2, double v);

Point2D operator + (const Point2D &);

Point2D operator - ();

void assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2);

void assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2, double v);
void displayPoint2D() const;
friend double distPoint2D(const Point2D &, const Point2D &);
friend double distPoint2D(const Point2D &, const Point2D &, const Point2D
&);

friend bool operator == (const Point2D &, const Point2D &);

friend bool operator != (const Point2D &, const Point2D &);
};

Point2D Point2D::operator + (const Point2D &pt)

{
return Point2D(x+pt.x, y+pt.y,value+pt.value);
}
Point2D Point2D::operator - ()
{
return Point2D(-x, -y, -value);
}

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

bool operator == (const Point2D &pt1, const Point2D &pt2)

{
if (pt1.x != pt2.x || pt1.y != pt2.y || pt1.value != pt2.value)
return false;
return true;
}

bool operator != (const Point2D &pt1, const Point2D &pt2)

{
return !(pt1 == pt2);
}

double distPoint2D(const Point2D &pt1, const Point2D &pt2)

{
return sqrt((pt1.x - pt2.x)*(pt1.x - pt2.x) + (pt1.y - pt2.y)*(pt1.y -
pt2.y));
}

double distPoint2D(const Point2D &pt1, const Point2D &pt2, const Point2D &pt3)
{
double n1 = distPoint2D(pt1, pt2);
double n2 = distPoint2D(pt1, pt3);
double n3 = distPoint2D(pt2, pt3);

return (n1 + n2 + n3);

}

Point2D::Point2D()
{
x = 0;
y = 0;
value = 0;
}

Point2D::Point2D(int n1, int n2)

{
assignPoint2D(n1,n2,0.0);
}

Point2D::Point2D(int n1, int n2, double v)

{
assignPoint2D(n1,n2,v);
}

void Point2D::assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2)

{
assignPoint2D(n1,n2,value);
}

void Point2D::assignPoint2D(int n1, int n2, double v)

{

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

x = n1;
y = n2;
value = v;
}

void Point2D::displayPoint2D() const

{
std::cout << "(" << x << "," << y << ") = ";
std::cout << value << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
Point2D pt1(3,4,4.1);
Point2D pt2(3,2,4.5);

if (pt1 == pt2) std::cout << "pt1 is equal to pt2 " << std::endl;
else std::cout << "pt1 is not equal to pt2 " << std::endl;

pt1.displayPoint2D();
pt2.displayPoint2D();

Point2D pt3;
pt3 = pt1 + pt2;
pt3.displayPoint2D();

Point2D pt4 = -pt1;

pt4.displayPoint2D();

return 0;
}

TASK 7-4 EXERCISE

1. COMPLEX NUMBER

Please modify the class Complex you defined in ex5-1 which make the file ex7-1 work.

// ex7-1.cpp
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

#include "Complex.h"

int main()

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

{
Complex a(1.0, 7.0), b(9.0, 2.0), c; // create three Complex objects
printMeg(a,b,’+’); // output (1.0, 7.0) + (9.0, 2.0) =
c = a + b; // invoke operator + and assign to object c
printComplex(c); // output object c
cout << endl;

printMeg(a,b,’-’); // output (1.0, 7.0) - (9.0, 2.0) =

c = a - b; // invoke operator - function and assign to object c
printComplex(c); // output object c
cout << endl;

printMeg(a,b,’*’); // output (1.0, 7.0) * (9.0, 2.0) =

c = a * b; // invoke operator * function and assign to object c
printComplex(c); // output object c
cout << endl;

printMeg(a,b,’-’); // output (1.0, 7.0) / (9.0, 2.0) =

c = a / b; // invoke operator / function and assign to object c
printComplex(c); // output object c
cout << endl;

a.setComplexNumber(10.0, 1.0); // reset object a

b = -a;
printMeg(a,b,’-’);
c = a - b; // invoke operator - function and assign to object c
printComplex(c); // output object c
cout << endl;

return 0;
}

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

2. *STRING OPERATION

Please implement the string class defined as follows,

// my_string.h
#include <iostream>
class string
{
private:
char *p;
public:
string (const char *s);
string (const string &s);
~string() {if(p) { delete [] p; p = NULL; } }
friend std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream&, const string &s);
friend string operator + (const string &s, const string &t);
bool operator <= (const string &s);
};

/*
definition of class string.
*/

Main function

int main()
{
string t1("New");
cout << "t1=" << t1 << endl;
string t2 = "York";
cout << "t2=" << t2 << endl;
string t3 = t1 + " " + t2;
cout << "t3=" << t3 << endl;

if ( t1 <= t2 )
cout << t1 << " is smaller than " << t2 << endl;
else
cout << t1 << " is bigger than " << t2 << endl;
return 0;
}

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National Chiao Tung University Laboratory Manual 07
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering April 16, 2012
Computer Intelligence on Automation(C.I.A.) Lab Prof. Hung-Pin(Charles) Wen

Output

t1 = New
t2 = York
t3 = New York;
New is smaller than New York

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