STAGE 1 MATHEMATICS

PROGRAM 1 – SEMESTER 1

This program is for a cohort of students intending to continue to Mathematical Methods at Stage 2. The following
program describes the first semester of learning.

SEMESTER ONE 18 WEEKS INCLUDING EXAM WEEKS

 Topic 1 – Functions and Graphs (5 weeks)

 Topic 2 – Polynomials (5 weeks)
 Topic 3 – Trigonometry (6 weeks)

Topic 1 – Functions And Graphs (5 Weeks)

Term Concepts and Content
Subtopic Assessment Task
week Technology is incorporated into all aspects of this topic as appropriate
The equation of a straight line
 Given two points
 Given the slope and a point
 Parallel to a line through a given point
 Perpendicular to a line through a given point
Features of the graph of a linear function of the form y=mx+c
1.1  Slope (m) as a rate of growth
Lines and  Y-intercept (c)
1-1 Determine the formula for a linear relationship given data or description of
Linear
Relationships situation
 Various problems are addressed from everyday situations such as
simple interest and conversion graphs. Slope as a rate of growth and
interpretation of intercepts are considered in context.
Calculation of points of intersection
 Solve simultaneous equations algebraically and graphically
 Consideration given to situations involving coincident, perpendicular
and parallel lines
Exploring the mathematical relationship where one variable decreases as
the other increases
1
1.2 Consider the graph of the basic hyperbola y=
x
1-2 Inverse
 Define asymptote, both horizontal and vertical
Relationships
a
Consider translations of the basic hyperbola i.e. y=
x−c
The use of technology is incorporated in the graphs above
Definition of a relation as a set of ordered pairs
 Discuss various examples
Exploration of the circle as a relation
1.3
1-3  Development of the equation of a circle in centre radius form
Relations
 Development of the circle in expanded (general) form, demonstrate the
use of completing the square to convert from general to centre radius
form
Definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs whereby no two have the
same x value (it defines one variable in terms of one other)
 The graph of a function
1.4  Domain and range
1-4
Functions  Function notation
 Dependent and independent variables
 Use of vertical line test to establish a function
Understanding the distinction between functions and relations

Page 1 of 4 Stage 1 Mathematics – Program 1 – Semester 1 – two semester pre- Mathematical Methods
Ref: A458479 (created August 2015)
© SACE Board of South Australia 2015
 SAT 1
Entire topic
1-5 Revision and SAT 1
Calculator permitted

Topic 2 – Polynomials (5 weeks)

Term Concepts and Content
Subtopic Assessment Task
Week Technology is incorporated into all aspects of this topic as appropriate
Discussion on quadratic relationships with reference to real life scenarios
e.g. throwing a ball straight up.
Features of the graph y=x 2
 Shape
 Axial intercepts
 Turning points
 Equation of axis of symmetry
Quadratics in each of the following forms are explored
 General y=a x2 +bx +c , a ≠ 0
1-6
 Factored y=a ( x−α )( x−β ) , a ≠0
2
 Vertex y=a ( x−b ) +c , a ≠0
Students work on the above forms to identify as appropriate axial
intercepts, turning points (vertex) and equation of axis of symmetry
Determining the zeros of a quadratic
 Factorisation of quadratics from general to factored form
 Use of the quadratic formula (incorporate the meaning of non-real
2.1
zeros)
Quadratic
Complete the square to determine turning point of a quadratic
Relationships
Investigate the discriminant, ∆ ,of a function and its significance for the
number and nature of the zeros of the graph of the function.
 If ∆ <0, two non-real distinct zeros, distinction between rational and
irrational zeros
1-7  If ∆=0 , real repeated zero
 If ∆ >0, two real distinct zeros, distinction between rational and
irrational zeros
Relationship between the leading coefficient of a quadratic and its INVESTIGATION
discriminant for positive definite and negative definite quadratics Features of Polynomials
The sum and product of real zeros
 Revision of surds
Determining quadratic functions from given zeros and a point on the
quadratic
1-8
Quadratic modelling
 Determining variables such as height or time from a quadratic
 Optimisation problems such as perimeter dimensions for maximum
area
EASTER
1-9 2.2 Definition of a cubic
Cubic and Terminology, degree and forms
Quartic  General y=a x3 +b x 2 +cx +d , a ≠ 0
Polynomials 3
 y=a(x−b) +c , a ≠ 0
Point of Inflection
 Factored y=a ( x−α )( x−β ) ( x −γ ) , a ≠ 0
Features
 Shape reference to leading coefficient
a> 0 ,increasing shape
a< 0 , decreasing shape
 Behaviour as x → ± ∞∧ y →± ∞
 Nature and number of zeros of the graph of a cubic
Explore features of cubics written as a product of:

Page 2 of 4 Stage 1 Mathematics – Program 1 – Semester 1 – two semester pre- Mathematical Methods
Ref: A458479 (created August 2015)
© SACE Board of South Australia 2015
  A linear factor and a quadratic (both real and non-real zeros)
 Three linear factors
Determining cubic functions from given zeros and one other piece of data
Definition of a quartic
Terminology, degree and forms as an extension of the work on cubics
Cubic and quartic modelling (using technology)
Determining unknown variables
Optimisation such as dimensions for maximum volume
SAT 2 Part 1 – No calculator
Sketching graphs, factorising to
solve, use of quadratic formula to
obtain exact answers
Revision and SAT 2
1-10
Investigation work and submission SAT 2 Part 2 - Calculator
permitted
∆ , determining quadratics, sum
and product, modelling

Topic 3 – Trigonometry (6 weeks)

Term Concepts and Content
Subtopic Assessment Task
week Technology is incorporated into all aspects of this topic as appropriate
Right-angled trigonometry
 Pythagoras’ theorem
 Trigonometric ratios: sinθ , cosθ and tanθ
1-11 Non-right angled triangle
 Cosine rule
3.1 o Finding the length when given two sides and the included angle
Cosine and o Finding an angle given all sides
Sine Rules  Sine rule
o Finding the length of a side when given two angles and one side
o Finding the angle given two sides and the non-included angle
2-1
 Area of non-right angled triangle
Students complete an assortment of problems involving non-right angled
triangles using cosine, sine and area rules
Introduction to the unit circle and its properties
How the unit circle is linked to graphs of cos θ and sin θ
3.2  The link between the unit circle and cos θ , sin θ and tanθ in
Circular degrees
2-2 Measure and  The unit circle definition of cos θ , sin θ and tan θ and periodicity
Radian using degrees
Measure Definition of radian measure
 Conversion between radian and degree measure
Calculation of the lengths of arcs and areas of sectors of circle
3.3 Connection between unit circle and cos θ , sin θ and tanθ in radians
Trigonometric
Functions
π
Determine the exact value of cosine and sine from multiples of and
6
π
using unit circle or graphs
4
2-3 Making the connection that the functions y=cos θ and y=sinθ best
describe the horizontal and vertical positions around a circle
Explore the features of y=sinθ and y=cos θ
 Amplitude y= A sin x and y= A cos x
 Period y=sin Bx and y=cos Bx
 Phase y=sin( x+ C) and y=cos(x +C)
Solve practical problems in a range of different contexts
2-4 Solve trigonometric equations both algebraically and graphically
1 1
 Only consider cases such as cos x= and sin ( 2 x ) =
2 2
Special relationships observed of sine and cosine functions
Page 3 of 4 Stage 1 Mathematics – Program 1 – Semester 1 – two semester pre- Mathematical Methods
Ref: A458479 (created August 2015)
© SACE Board of South Australia 2015
  sin (−x )=−sin x
 cos (−x )=cos x

( ) π
sin x+ =cos x
2

( ) π
cos x− =sin x
2
Tangent function
 Consider the relationship between the angle of inclination and the
gradient of a line
sin ⁡( x )
 The relationship tan ⁡( x)=
cos ⁡( x )
 Graphs of the functions
o y=tan x
o y=tan Bx
o y=tan ⁡( x +C)
SAT 3
1 hour
2-5 Revision and SAT 3 Entire topic

Calculator permitted
2-6 EXAMINATION REVISION
2-7
2-8 YEAR 11 EXAMS End Semester One

Page 4 of 4 Stage 1 Mathematics – Program 1 – Semester 1 – two semester pre- Mathematical Methods
Ref: A458479 (created August 2015)
© SACE Board of South Australia 2015