Chapter-7

Cubes and Cube Roots

3 3
1729 = 1728 + 1 = 12 + 1 & 1729 = 1000 + 729 = 103 + 93
1729 has since been known as the Hardy – Ramanujan Number, even though this feature of 1729
was known more than 300 years before Ramanujan. How did Ramanujan know this?
He probably found numbers that were expressed as the sum of two squares and sum of two
cubes also. There are many other interesting patterns of cubes. Let us learn about cubes, cube roots
and many other interesting facts related to them
7.2 Cubes : . A cube is a solid figure which has all its sides equal. How many cubes of side 1 cm
will make a cube of side 2 cm? ---Imagine
How many cubes of side 1 cm will make a cube of side 3 cm?
Consider the numbers 1, 8, 27, ...
These are called perfect cubes or Cube numbers. Reason of naming ?
Because each of them is obtained when a number is multiplied by taking it
three times.
Sqaure Cube
3
1 2 2
1 =1 11 11 =121 21 21 =441 1 1 =1 2 3
11 11 =1331
3
2 22=4 12 122=144 22 222=484 2 23=8 12 12 =1728
3
3 32=9 13 132=169 23 232=529 3 33=27 13 13 =2197
3
4 42=16 14 142=256 24 242=576 4 43=64 14 14 =2744
3
5 52=25 15 152=225 25 252=625 5 53=125 15 15 =3375
3
6 62=36 16 162=256 6 63=216 16 16 =4096
3
7 72=49 17 172=289 7 73=343 17 17 =4913
3
8 82=64 18 182=324 8 83=512 18 18 =5832
3
9 92=81 19 192=361 9 93=729 19 19 =6859
3
10 102=100 20 202=400 10 103=1000 20 20 =8000
Eg. Try to Get Cubic numbers of
(i) 3331 (ii) 8888 (iii) 149 (iv) 1005 (v) 1024 (vi) 77 (vii) 5022 (viii) 53
7.2.1 Some interesting patterns
1. Adding consecutive odd numbers
Sum of N consecutive Odd Numbers = Cube of N = N3
1 = 1 = 13
3 + 5 = 8 = 23
7 + 9 + 11 = 27 = 33
2.Cubes and their prime factors
Very Similar to Perfect Sqaure Method using Prime Factor method only difference is
For a perfect Square All factor must be in Pair while for Perfect Cube All Factor must be in Triplet
36=2×2×3×3 =a2 ×b2 ={a×b}2 216= 2×2×2×3×3×3 a3 ×b3 ={a×b}3
Pair of prime number = 2 & 3 Triplet of Prime Numbers=2 & 3
Number =2×3=6 Number =2×3=6

500 is not a perfect cube. Why ?

How many smallest possible cube required to be added to make 500 a perfect Cube?
Qu. Raj made a cuboid of plasticine. Length, breadth and height of the cuboid are 15 cm, 30 cm, 15
cm respectively ?
Qu. Is 53240 a perfect cube? If not, then by which smallest natural number should 53240 be
divided so that the quotient is a perfect cube?
Do Complete Exercise 7.1
7.3 Cube Roots[ √𝑥 ]
We know that 23 = 8; so we say that the cube root of 8 is 2. Now Understand its symbol and
statement
We write √8 = 2. The symbol 3 denotes ‘cube-root.’
7.3.1 Cube root through prime factorisation method
Consider 3375. We find its cube root by prime factorisation:
3375 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 33 × 53 = (3 × 5)3
Therefore, cube root of 3375 = √3375 = 3 × 5 = 15
7.3.2 Cube root of a cube number
If you know that the given number is a cube number then following
method can be used.
Step 1 Take any cube number say 857375 and start making groups of
three digits starting from the right most digit of the number.
857375- 857 375

It will give you Ten’s digit[2nd Group] One’s digit[1ST Group]

Step 2 First group, i.e., 375 will give you the one’s (or unit’s) digit of the required cube root. The
number 375 ends with 5. We know that 5 comes at the unit’s place of a number only when it’s cube
root ends in 5. So, we get 5 at the unit’s place of the cube root.
Step 3 Now take another group, i.e., 857. We know that 93 = 729 and 103 = 1000. Also, 729 < 857 <
1000. We take the one’s place, of the smaller number 729 as the ten’s place of the required cube
root. So, we get √857375 = 95
Do Complete Exercise 7.2