age : 49

12 July 2023 Date :

Wed
nesaay
Ch-3 CensUS and Sample Method
of Colectían of Data

every individual whe is Usina the

statistcal
techniq,ue is regruirec TS caWect in farmatian.
nere are metnods of Survey to calect data.

Census Hetod
2) Sample Hetho d

Censys Hethod

It refers to the method of calectlan of dara in

whtch each and every unit of untversel papulatten
Taken into Cansideration uhtle dafng the statístical
SUve
Tnis method is suitasle when arca of învestigatíarn is itmit
-ed and intens tve stvdy 9 the popu(atton (s req,uired

Eqi- Census os India

MERITS :

) It
pravides intensive and in de pth poformatisn.
2) It nelps fn dertuiag the rele vont (ancsfans.

3) It helps tn cauectÉng highly accurate and reltqble

informarten.
 |Page : 50
Date :

4) It (s Useful nhen populatian ís tHetroqeneG us 7

Not Homaqencaus

DE-HERITS
Lt can anly 6e uSed far small area

2) Lt (orsumes mgre tfme.

3) Tt fnvglveS more men PaNer lla6aus ane is

uite ecpensve

SAMPLE NE TH OD

It refers to tnat method of collect n data in

which QUt of wnole universe fen uits are Selecte d
Qs sample nhch represents the entire un?verse.

Ihis method is sutable when it is not Posstble

to study the entire populatian.
Eqi- Exit Poil

# MERITS -

1) This meth od involvcS less Gost and men paner.

2) It is less time corsoming.

3) It COVCrS
area of investi qaticn.
 Page : S1
Date :

4) Errors can be identified as only limited nun ber

of items are stuol íed.

5) It leads to administrative < onve ntence as scale

Of opefatians remaln at leve l.

DE- NERITS

) I00/o
accuracy can't be obtatnedi

2) This meth od Can Sometimes

qive mislea dfng result
if sample is true represcntatiyof. thc
populatíon.

3) Sometimes it gívesbias result

4) Thís metnbet (s not Suggestcd în Case of hete rog

Population.

Differenciate 6lw census and Sample Netnood.

Basis CensuS Method Sample Hetnod

Notuce Extenstve ingutey is cond- limtted tagutry ts condu

-Vcted as each and every "cted as anly fcn units
-ngyuiy untt ot popuiatian i6. of the population are
Sturcd <tudie d.

P.T-O
 Puge : 52
Date :

Sample Nethod
Basis CensuS Methnoc

Economt It req,uires less money

It req,ufres largc amaunt
- Cal
Of money and lab@ur and labauC

Lt is less time
Tme I t is mare time consu ming Consu-
Sacta -minq

Reliability In census meth odl results Tn samete mhod,

and arc morc reiíable and resutts arete latiuely
ess reliatle & qccurate.
AccurasY accurate

Supervis- It is dificuit to supeuise I t is e as y to suPervise

-ian

STyPES OF SANPLIN G y

Random Sampltng
Pucposive Samplíng
Stratiticd Sampling
Systematic
Samplfng
Quota Sampl'ng
nience
Convenie nce samgítng:
 Date

RANOM SAMPLNG

Random samplfng- resers to that typc of san pling

in whtch Cach and every untt of vntverse has
Cual chance of gettfag selected as sample.

In this samples are selected at randam.

It is also RnQun as Probabtlity Samplfng

It is kngun as onrestricted rgnd am
also
sampltng- because in
in th?s metod , no crite ia ar
condttian fs lald dauu Far selecting sanples.

I* f6 fre frahuman fudgement and dfscrimtnati

There are tno me thods of obtatning-the simple
randa sample.
) Lottey me thod

2 Tasle oj rand am nvmbers.

LOTTERY METHO

Thls i the s{mplest methct of selecting

randem sample.

As the iters of the untverse are numbe reol and

these numbers are wrítten ar rd entical pieces of
paper.
 Page: 54
|Date :

Tnese slíps are placed in a baul and are

Shufled.
Lmpartially the siies are draur randoly for
Selectian

It can be USed when area of investigqtian is

Smai.

This methOd s USed ta

draningprízes far
lotteries selecttng a topic fora group oiscucsisr

TABLE OF AAN DON NHOEAS

In thfs meth od items of tne uniyc(s e

arc ffrst arranged in an 9rder ana members
are select ed randamiy by the table pattcin.

Same statis+icians have prepaced as et of tabies

ca Ved Tables of Randm Numbers . A sam ple
is ramed wfth reference tnese tables.

Thts method USed

for selecti¢ ranclam
Sample in casc Targ area of tnvestigatiol
 |Date:

MERITS AND DE-MERITS OF SIHPLE

SAHPLIN G

MERITS:

It is free from pe(sonal 6ia

It qive egual chance of selection.

Lt is very sfmple methool

This method is econoical as t soves mGney

and 1Qbour.

DE- MERITS :

It doesnt qive weightage to certafn impartant

Ptemsin the universe.

When the/d rs tribut?an bl ite m is very large

+nanAn îs metnoa can t be USed.

The numberto of unfts and prearatian of sips

ts quite camplex.
 Date:

J0DGGENENT /PURpoSiVE/ DELI e¬RRTE

SANPLING

This í_ also called purpocive ar deitberate

Sampltng.
Ln tnis method investlgatar select tne Sampie
qccerdtng to nis have
a best representative Sample frem the untverse.

MERITS:

I) This method is flezrele

2) Selection of ftem can be cone basec on te
purpose of stydy.

3) 1his rnethod can be succes fui in smal area.

DE-NERITS:
possbri fty
) In this me thod there is oj pers onal
6iasness
2) There is a scope far the errar/of ivdge mtnT
selectYan of tne sample.
 Date :

STRATIEIED RAN DAN SANPLING

In tnis me thod the yofverse is duided nto

díferent grsups Rneuun as strata and +hen
Samples are COWectçd fram each. ctrata.

MERITS :

) The Sample taken under this meth ocl is mare

represen tative o f the Universe as it has 6een
+aken fram dlfferert 9roupS of universe.
2) It ensu(es qreater accuraCy
3 For nan- hGmog eneeÚc populatian. Itis mare
reltable.

# DE- MERITS :

1) POss6le unless same iofor matir

cancerning t h epOpulatie and t s strata ís
avatlable.

2) It is ditficult cletermiat s(ze of strata.

 |uge: 58
Dale :

5YSTENATIC SAMPLI NG

meth od units of
tccordtng
are
to this
numerically, qeoq.raphico
populafig,
alpnabeti
item 0f the no.
arranged. Evey Nth
selected as sample item.
of item is
called
called a g,vassi rondam
This iS also
method.

MERITS:

) This mnethod is very simple and conve Rien

2) In this method tmne and Wark is reducca

mvch.

DE-MERITS:

1) Only ftcct item ís selected on the basis of

randgm samplag
2) Nat suitable for the large stze yniverse for
+hat it wil bc very ollfficu to preparc
Sqmpitng framecl
 (Jrage : 59.
Date :

QUOTA SANpLIN G
In tnfs meth od wnole populat fan is
SU6- divoled tnto
groups or classes and the
a quota ic ffLed and sam ples are selec ted
nan randomly {Com each
ch group as Per the

MERITS:

) It gives rel(a6le result t the ntervic! arç

nel trained and eocpericrced.
2) It is |ecs ecpeDs?ve.

DE - ERITS:

1) There posst 6ilfty of person al bia s.

2) The reliabtitty Of the res lts 6ecomesUes ti'se
- a6le due +o personal bias and lacA of nowl
9f interviener.
 time
selccts
investigator
acorarng
and
ess
|Date and ddate biasS
Universc
SANPLING to
Qpensfve
persanal
castly res
Convenien
Ce.
6y
in
vestiqatar.
factory
+he
+he is fram
(ess
frem
CONVENIENCE
sample satis
method
t+hnts
In is SUffers
un
Sample method of NERITS:
DE-
consuming.
Contacted
HERITS
: unit qives
his Sample
theto This The It
) 2) # 1) 2)