Smart Energy Monitoring System and Optimization of Energy

Consumption

By

Arnab Sarkar
18321025
Baizid Ahmed
18321031
Md. Momenul Islam Tuhin
18321034
Mahfuzur Rahman
18321035

A Final Year Design Project (FYDP) submitted to the Department of Electrical and
Electronic Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
B.Sc. in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Brac University
[September] [2022]

© [2022]. Brac University

All rights reserved.
Smart Energy Monitoring System and Optimization of Energy
Consumption

By

Arnab Sarkar
18321025
Baizid Ahmed
18321031
Md. Momenul Islam Tuhin
18321034
Mahfuzur Rahman
18321035

A Final Year Design Project (FYDP) submitted to the Department of Electrical and
Electronic Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
B.Sc. in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Academic Technical Committee (ATC) Panel Member:

Dr. Mohammed Belal Hossain Bhuian (Chair)

Associate Professor, Department of EEE, BRAC University
Abdullah Hil Kafi (Member)
Lecturer, Department of EEE, BRAC University
Md. Mahmudul Islam (Member)
Lecturer, Department of EEE, BRAC University

[Electrical and Electronic Engineering]

Brac University
[September] [2022]

© [2022]. Brac University

All rights reserved.

ii
Declaration

It is hereby declared that

1. The Final Year Design Project (FYDP) submitted is my/our own original work while

completing degree at Brac University.

2. The Final Year Design Project (FYDP) does not contain material previously published or

written by a third party, except where this is appropriately cited through full and accurate

referencing.

3. The Final Year Design Project (FYDP) does not contain material which has been accepted,

or submitted, for any other degree or diploma at a university or other institution.

4. I/We have acknowledged all main sources of help.

Student’s Full Name & Signature:

Arnab Sarkar Baizid Ahmed

18321025 18321031

Md. Momenul Islam Tuhin Mahfuzur Rahman

18321034 18321035

iii
Approval

The Final Year Design Project (FYDP) titled “Smart Energy Monitoring System and
Optimization of Energy Consumption” submitted by
1. Arnab Sarkar (18321025)
2. Baizid Ahmed (18321031)
3. Md. Momenul Islam Tuhin (18321034)
4. Mahfuzur Rahman (18321035)
of Summer, 2022 has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the degree of B.Sc. in Electrical and Electronic Engineering on 1st September, 2022.

Examining Committee:

Academic Technical
Committee (ATC): _______________________________
(Chair) Mohammed Belal Hossain Bhuian, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of EEE,
Brac University

Final Year Design Project

Coordination Committee: _______________________________
(Chair) Abu S.M. Mohsin, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of EEE,
Brac University

Department Chair:
_______________________________
Md. Mosaddequr Rahman, PhD
Professor and Chairperson, Department of EEE,
Brac University

iv
Ethics Statement

We have worked diligently on our Final Year Design Project titled “Smart Energy Monitoring
System and Optimization of Energy Consumption” and firmly state that all the workings,
results and data shown in this paper are our original work and have been organized accordingly.
Additionally, the resources and materials used as references for our project collected from
various sources have been cited according to the IEEE standards. The project has met the
desired goals through our team’s hard work, efforts and notable support from our ATC
(Academic Training Committee) members.

v
Abstract/ Executive Summary

We now place a high importance on energy efficiency, especially in light of the impending
depletion of fossil resources. One way to accomplish this would be to utilize modern devices to
monitor how much energy each room or building uses and to cut down on electricity waste. The
designed system enables the customer to monitor their daily electricity consumption, assist them in
managing their energy costs, and help them reduce their monthly electricity bill by optimizing their
usage. The household’s energy consumption is measured using various sensors. Based on the
remaining pre-paid electric meter balance the smart device will send notifications to the consumer’s
mobile phone when the system calculates a low balance to make the user aware to recharge the
meter. Additional notifications will remind them to switch off the appliances when not in use. This
study shows how our designed system works on a prototype house model and compares the data
obtained with an actual existing system to confirm our findings with readings from a conventional
energy meter.

Keywords: Energy efficiency; pre-paid meter; IoT; Energy Monitoring; Tariff

vi
Dedication

Even today, there are people in Bangladesh (ethnic groups), who still do not have proper
electricity connections in their homes and have to spend nights in darkness. This paper is
dedicated to all people with very limited access to electricity and those living in areas still
detached from the main grid connection.

vii
Acknowledgment

We would like to start by thanking the almighty whose blessings have made it possible for us
to finish this project in due time. A special thanks to our supervisor Dr. Mohammed Belal
Hossain Bhuian who has actively monitored our group throughout the FYDP, guided us and
motivated us to develop a design that will positively impact our Energy sector. In addition, we
would like to express our gratitude to Abdullah Hil Kafi, Lecturer at the Department of EEE,
Brac University, for the guidance in the technical sections of our project, as well as Mahmudul
Islam, Lecturer of EEE Department, Brac University, who has been supportive throughout the
journey. Finally, we would like to thank our ATC (Academic Technical Committee) panel
members for their invaluable assistance and direction during our FYDP (Final Year Design
Project) journey.

viii
Table of Contents

Declaration.............................................................................................................................. iii

Approval .................................................................................................................................. iv

Ethics Statement....................................................................................................................... v

Abstract/ Executive Summary ............................................................................................... vi

Dedication ...............................................................................................................................vii

Acknowledgment .................................................................................................................. viii

Table of Contents .................................................................................................................... ix

List of Tables .......................................................................................................................... xv

List of Figures ........................................................................................................................ xvi

List of Acronyms ................................................................................................................... xix

Chapter 1: Introduction- [CO1, CO2, CO3, CO10] ............................................................. 1

1.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1.1 Problem Statement: ........................................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Background Study:............................................................................................................ 2

1.1.3 Literature Gap: .................................................................................................................. 2

1.1.4 Relevance to current and future Industry: ......................................................................... 3

1.2 Objectives, Requirements, Specification and Constraints ............................................. 7

1.2.1 Objectives: ........................................................................................................................ 7

1.2.2 Functional and non-functional Requirements: ................................................................ 9

1.2.3 Specifications: ................................................................................................................. 10

ix
1.2.4 Technical and non-technical considerations and constraints in the design process: ...... 12

1.2.5 Applicable compliance, standards and codes: ............................................................... 12

1.3 Systematic Overview / Summary of the proposed project: ........................................ 13

1.4 Conclusion: ..................................................................................................................... 14

Chapter 2: Project Design Approach [CO5, CO6] ............................................................. 15

2.1 Introduction: .................................................................................................................... 15

2.2 Identification of multiple design approaches: .............................................................. 15

2.2.1 Design Approach 01: ...................................................................................................... 15

2.2.2 Design Approach 02: ...................................................................................................... 16

2.2.3 Design Approach 03: ...................................................................................................... 16

2.3 Description of multiple design approaches: .................................................................. 17

2.3.1 Design Approach 01: ...................................................................................................... 17

2.3.2 Design Approach 02: ...................................................................................................... 19

2.3.3 Design Approach 03: ...................................................................................................... 21

2.4 Analysis of multiple design approaches: ........................................................................ 23

2.5 Conclusion: ....................................................................................................................... 24

CHAPTER 3: Use of Modern Engineering and IT Tool [CO9] ........................................ 25

3.1 Introduction: .................................................................................................................... 25

3.2 Selection of appropriate Engineering and IT tools:...................................................... 25

3.2.1: Software and comparison: ............................................................................................. 25

3.2.2: Hardware and coding: .................................................................................................... 27

x
3.3 Use of modern Engineering and IT tools: ...................................................................... 27

3.3.1 Comparison of the software for simulations: .................................................................. 27

3.3.2 For coding: ...................................................................................................................... 28

3.3.3 for hardware: ................................................................................................................... 29

3.4 Conclusion: ....................................................................................................................... 29

CHAPTER 4: Optimization of Multiple Design and Finding the Optimal Solution. [CO5,

CO6, CO7] .............................................................................................................................. 30

4.1 Introduction: .................................................................................................................... 30

4.2 Optimization of multiple Design approach: .................................................................. 30

4.3 Identification of the Optimal design approach: ............................................................ 35

4.4 Performance evaluation of developed solution: ............................................................ 36

4.4.1: Implement the selected design solution: ........................................................................ 36

4.4.2: Performing tests of the Implemented solution: .............................................................. 38

4.4.3: Evaluating the performance of the implemented solution: ............................................ 40

4.5 Conclusion: ....................................................................................................................... 41

Chapter 5: Completion of Final Design and Validation. [CO8] ........................................ 42

5.1 Introduction: .................................................................................................................... 42

5.2 Completion of the final design: ....................................................................................... 42

5.2.1: House model system Design: ......................................................................................... 43

5.2.2: Individual hardware testing and system integration: ..................................................... 44

5.2.3: Blynk app for remote access: ......................................................................................... 45

5.2.4: Total system run test on house model:........................................................................... 46

xi
5.3 Evaluate the solution to meet the desired need: ............................................................ 47

5.3.1: Sensor calibration: ......................................................................................................... 47

5.3.2: App development (Blynk): ............................................................................................ 50

5.3.3: Keypad: .......................................................................................................................... 51

5.3.4: Display: .......................................................................................................................... 52

5.3.5: Calculations: .................................................................................................................. 52

5.4 Conclusion: ....................................................................................................................... 57

CHAPTER 6: Impact Analysis and Project Sustainability. [CO3, CO4] ......................... 58

6.1: Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 58

6.2: Assessment of impacts of the designed solution:.......................................................... 58

6.3: Evaluate the sustainability:............................................................................................ 59

6.4: Conclusion: ...................................................................................................................... 60

CHAPTER 7: Engineering Project Management [CO11, CO14] ..................................... 61

7.1: Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 61

7.2: Define, plan and manage Engineering project: ........................................................... 61

7.2.1: Definition of project management: ................................................................................ 61

7.2.2: planning of the Engineering project: ............................................................................. 61

7.2.3: Project planning/Gantt chart: ......................................................................................... 65

7.3: Evaluate project progress: ............................................................................................. 68

7.4: Conclusion: ...................................................................................................................... 69

CHAPTER 8: Economical Analysis [CO12]........................................................................ 70

xii
8.1: Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 70

8.2: Economic Analysis:......................................................................................................... 70

8.3: Cost Benefit Analysis: .................................................................................................... 72

8.4: Evaluate Economic and Financial aspects: .................................................................. 73

8.4.1: Evaluate Economical aspects: ........................................................................................ 73

8.4.2: Evaluate Financial aspects: ............................................................................................ 77

8.5: Conclusion: ...................................................................................................................... 78

CHAPTER 9: Ethics and Professional Responsibilities [CO13, CO2] ............................ 79

9.1: Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 79

9.2: Identify ethical issues and professional responsibility: ............................................... 79

9.3: Apply ethical issues and professional responsibility: .................................................. 79

9.4 Conclusion: ....................................................................................................................... 81

CHAPTER 10: Conclusion and Future work: .................................................................... 82

10.1 Project summary/Conclusion; ...................................................................................... 82

10.2 Future work:................................................................................................................... 82

10.2.1 Introduce our project’s future work possibilities .......................................................... 82

CHAPTER 11: Identification of Complex Engineering Problems and Activities ........... 84

11.1: Identify the attribute of complex engineering problem (EP): .................................. 84

11.2: Provide reasoning how the project address selected attribute (EP): ....................... 84

11.3 Identify the attribute of complex engineering activities (EA): .................................. 86

11.4 Provide reasoning how the project address selected attribute (EA): ........................ 86

xiii
References ............................................................................................................................... 88

Code: ....................................................................................................................................... 91

Logbook: ............................................................................................................................... 101

xiv
List of Tables

Table 01: Functional and non-functional Requirements……………………………………..09

Table 02: System Requirements……………………………………………………………...10

Table 03: Component Specifications………………………………………………………...11

Table 04: Technical and non-technical considerations and constraints in design process…...12

Table 05: Comparison of the 3 Design approaches…………………………………………..23

Table 06: Comparison of the Simulation Software…………………………………………..26

Table 07: Comparison of the Simulation Software…………………………………………..28

Table 08: Functional Verification of the 3 Design Solutions………………………………..30

Table 09: Comparison of alternate design approaches……………………………………....35

Table 10: Comparison between Arduino UNO and ESP 32……………………………...36,37

Table 11: Data collected during the experiment (at BRAC University)…………………….40

Table 12: Data obtained from testing the model at full load………………………………..54

Table 13: Values obtained in from the smart monitoring system vs the energy Meter data..56

Table 14: Contribution of individual group members………………………………………68

Table 15: Risk management system Analysis………………………………………………76

Table 16: Attribute of complex engineering problem (EP)…………………………………84

Table 17: Attribute of complex engineering activities (EA)………………………………..86

xv
List of Figures

Fig 01: DESCO App User Interface…………………………………………………………04

Fig 02: DESCO online registered prepaid card……………………………………………...05

Fig 03: DPDC offline prepaid card………………………………………………………….06

Fig 04: DPDC web (Customer information for offline meters)……………………………..06

Fig 05: Block Diagram of Design Approach 01………………………………………….…15

Fig 06: Block Diagram of Design Approach 02…………………………………………….16

Fig 07: Block Diagram of Design Approach 03…………………………………………….16

Fig 08: Block Diagram of Design Approach 01………………………………………….…17

Fig 09: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 01………………………………………..18

Fig 10: Block Diagram of Design Approach 02………………………………………….…19

Fig 11: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 02…………………………………..……19

Fig 12: Block Diagram of Design Approach 03………………………………………….…21

Fig 13: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 03………………………………………..21

Fig 14: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 01…………………………………….….31

Fig 15: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 02………………………………………..32

Fig 16: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 03………………………………………..33

Fig 17: House Model Plan for a 2-bedroom flat…………………………………………….38

Fig 18: Wiring connections for the 2-bedroom flat House Model………………………….38

Fig 19: House Model on which the system was tested………………………………….….39

Fig 20: The Energy Meter used in our project to verify the data……………………..…….40

Fig 21: Blueprint of House Model Plan for a 2-bedroom flat………………………….…...43

Fig 22: Wiring connections for the 2-bedroom flat House Model………………………….44

Fig 23: ZMPT101B, Voltage sensor used in the smart monitoring system………………...44

xvi
Fig 24: ACS712_30A, Current sensor used in the smart monitoring system…………..……45

Fig 25: Initially designed house model for testing the monitoring system………………..…46

Figure 26: House Model updated after an actual house. ……………………………...……..46

Fig 27: Graph representing the primary calibration of the current sensor…………….……..48

Fig 28: Graph representing the final calibration of the current sensor…………………..…..49

Fig 29: Data found after calibrating the Voltage sensor compared with multimeter reading..49

Fig 30: The User Interface we designed using the Blynk App………………………………50

Fig 31: The 4x4 Membrane Keypad we used in our project………………………………....51

Fig 32: LM016L, a 16x2 Backlit LCD display………………………………………………52

Fig 33: Flowchart representing the tariff calculation used in coding…………………….…..54

Fig 34: Flowchart showing the overall structure of the code……………………………...…55

Fig 35: Some pictures of data obtained from the energy meter……………………….……..56

Fig 36: Flowchart representing the methodology of the project for FYDP P…………....…..62

Fig 37:Plan for identifying the problems to find appropriate design solutions to solve them.63

Fig 38: Planning for developing the hardware model of the identified optimal solution…....63

Fig 39: Planning for the implementation of the system to obtain data and verify them…….65

Fig 40: Gantt chart for FYDP_P ………………………………………………………...…..65

Fig 41: Gantt chart for FYDP_D ……………………………………………………….…...66

Fig 42: Gantt chart for FYDP_D (Updated version) …………………………………….….66

Fig 43: Gantt chart for FYDP_C ………………………………………………………...….67

Fig 44: Gantt chart for FYDP_C (Updated version)……………………………………..….67

Fig 45: phases of an engineering project ……………………………………………..….…71

Fig 46: standard deviation of any project through different phases…………………………71

Fig 47: Graph showing the evaluation and implementation of project phases………….…..72

xvii
Fig 48: Cost influence through development of project…………………………………….73

Fig 49: Phases of project duration and budget……………………………………………....74

Fig 50: Continuous Evaluation of Project cost…………………………………………..….77

xviii
List of Acronyms

AC Alternating current
APP Application
BJT Bipolar Junction Transistor
CAD Computer-aided design
CBS Cost Breakdown Structure
CO Course Objectives
CPU Central Processing Unit
DC Direct current
DESCO Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited
DPDC Dhaka Power Distribution Company
EA Engineering Activities
EMS Energy Management System
EP Engineering Problems
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
E-waste Electronic products nearing the end of their useful life.
FYDP Final Year Design Project
GDP Gross Domestic Product
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language
IoT Internet of Things
IP Internet Protocol
IT Information technology
LabVIEW Laboratory Virtual Instruments Engineering Workbench
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Computer-aided design
MCU Micro Controller Unit
MOSFET Metal-Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
MMU Memory Management Unit
PCB Printed Circuit Board

xix
RAM Random Access Memory
ROM Read Only Memory
RMS Root Mean Square
RTOS Real-Time Operating System
SMS Sending a Message to Someone
UI User Interface
VAT Value added tax
WBS Work Breakdown Structure
Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
Wh Watt-hour

xx
Chapter 1: Introduction- [CO1, CO2, CO3, CO10]

1.1 Introduction:

The world in which we live is filled with several kinds of energy. Notably, among the energies,
electrical energy is one of the vital energies by which our life is being developed day by day.
The lack of electricity generation is a very prominent concern in this age of digitization.
Recently, in 2022 Bangladesh's Government announced their scarcity of Electricity generation
due to many national and international issues. In order to reduce electricity waste, many coal-
based power plants have been shut down, and the government has taken numerous notable
measures, such as regular load shedding and adjusting office hours.
Therefore, it is evident that one of our nation's top priorities is to optimize electricity utilization.
Hence, to meet up the demands of Electricity usage optimization, we are introducing our FYDP
(Final Year Design Project) titled “Smart Energy Monitoring system and Optimization of
Energy Consumption” which will help consumers to monitor the electricity usage of their
prepaid meter via APP, SMS. . Additionally, this system would instruct customers on how
much electricity they used in prior days so that they are more conscious of their electricity
usage.

1.1.1 Problem Statement:

The five basic requirements for survival (food, clothing, accommodation, education,
and health) have been surpassed by the utilization of electrical energy. We would not
be able to do our daily chores if we did not have electricity. For a developing country
like Bangladesh, the increasing demand for such a resource is very hard to meet and
monitor.

The conventional way to measure electrical energy consumption in Bangladesh is

through electric meters. These meters are permanently installed in a certain location and
are typically clustered in areas where they are difficult to access or check on a regular
basis. Due to lack of remote access the consumers may not always be able to monitor
the remaining energy balance. As a result, a power outage might occur once the entire
energy balance has been used up. Similarly, if a user wishes to keep expenses under
control, he or she will fail because there is no easy way to remotely check daily usage.

There are times when we are utterly unconcerned with our energy usage and waste.
There is no way to remotely track clients' daily electricity usage in Bangladesh. As a
result, while the user is not near the meter, there is no way to tell him or her of the
remaining amount for which, we routinely observe power outages that might happen at

1
 any time and the customer is unable to go to local vendors to quickly replenish the
electric meter, resulting in lengthy load shedding.

1.1.2 Background Study:

According to Garcia et al [9], previous research in the field of energy generation and
consumption indicates the technical, household, and commercial wastage of electricity
worldwide which are approximately worth billions of dollars per year. Ueno et al. [10]
installed an ECOIS energy monitoring system for residential homes. Their results
showed the room temperature fell by 1 degree due to the proper use of home appliances
from the notifications of the ECOIS system display allowing them to operate the
appliances more effectively thus reducing wastage. A study by the School of
Information Technology and Engineering [3] shows that if we are able to control the
devices operating unnecessarily and reduce wasted electrical energy then the minimum
energy preserved from every house within a block is sufficient enough to power up a
small factory. A.R. Al-Ali [8] has represented an Energy Management System (EMS)
for smart homes. In this system, each home device is interfaced with a data acquisition
module that is an IoT object with a unique IP address resulting in a large mesh wireless
network of devices. The data acquisition System on Chip module collects energy
consumption data from each device of each smart home and transmits the data to a
centralized server for further processing and analysis. Govindarajan et al [1] has
introduced the SEMS method in which they have considered four different approaches
and they have different outcomes. They have used four different systems that reported
speed and time delay. From their experiment, we can see that the cloud-based can
operate with the highest accuracy when compared with the other methods. And it is also
faster than alternative systems such as ZigBee, Android, and IoT systems.

1.1.3 Literature Gap:

In every project, the term “Literature Gap” is commonly used due to the scope of future
updates. Literature Gap has served as a detection mark for the project and its analysis
procedure since the science is updated periodically. The "Literature Gap" in any project
is mostly caused by the unexplored and underexplored scopes that are missing in this
case due to a lack of information and sources. Eventually, our system also has certain
"Literature-Gaps" where we can concentrate on our near future to update the system
more accurately. As a result, we were able to identify 2 of the aspects that made up the
literature gap.

2
 • Web Scraping: Web scraping is a well-known technique in which we can use
bots to legally extract and gather information from any website. The task is being
done in this instance using HTML and Python code. Therefore, we need to learn
more about these codes to Extract information from our targeted website to Sync
the prepaid meter data information with our project’s system. Finally, we
anticipate that the concept of web scraping would develop for the project in the
future.

• Algorithm: A widely common method for locating a desired result by

configuring specific inputs is an algorithm. Algorithms are essentially described
as some clearly specified instructions to produce the desired results for particular
problems in the field of computer programming. As a result, if we incorporate
algorithms into our codes, our system for monitoring energy will be more up-
to-date. Here, using an algorithm, our system can read past electricity usage
costs for our clients, and after analysis, the system can offer suggestions or
advice on how the customer might maintain their electricity usage in the future.
As a result, we firmly hope that this type of system update can prosper our
energy monitoring system in near future.

1.1.4 Relevance to current and future Industry:

Engineering problem-based initiatives often have a heavy focus on their relevance to particular
stakeholders, target audiences, current industries, and future industries. As a result, we can
choose the project relevance criteria through extensive research and analysis of the current and
future industries. Therefore, we have researched and found out the relevance of our project to
the current and future industries.

● Current industry:

For the time being, the prepaid electricity users in Dhaka city are the stakeholders whom
our project is targeting. We looked at a variety of areas and also surveyed users' specific
data using a variety of criteria. We have chosen DPDC (Dhaka Power Distribution
Company) as our stakeholder as a result. We have discovered that DPDC is one of the
biggest electricity distribution providers in the city of Dhaka, and we have also found that
their facilities may need some improvement.

First off, DPDC does not provide any APPs that allow customers to check their electricity
usage and remaining balance remotely. If we contrast it with DESCO (Dhaka Electric

3
 Supply Company Limited), they offer an APP in the Google Play store that allows
consumers to monitor their meters' remaining energy balance.

Fig 01: DESCO App User Interface

Secondly, DESCO company’s APP is capable of recharging electricity prepaid meter balances
through bkash, Nagad, Visa card, etc. they have updated and registered all of their prepaid cards
on online platforms.

4
 Fig 02: DESCO online registered prepaid card

On the other hand, DPDC also offers the option of recharging balances via their website (bKash,
Nagad, Visa card, etc). Yet after doing some research, we find out that DPDC offers two different
kinds of prepaid cards to its customers. One form of card is an online registered card, while the
other is not. Because of this, holders of offline cards are unable to recharge their prepaid cards
over any online platform; instead, they must manually recharge and put the card into the meter.
Therefore, our energy monitoring system will help the offline prepaid card users of DPDC to be
aware of their daily electricity usage and the remaining balance.

5
 Fig 03: DPDC offline prepaid card

Fig 04: DPDC web (Customer information for offline meters).

Here, the Green colored DPDC prepaid card is offline. We can see that whenever we enter
the customer number of a specific green prepaid card to recharge online then this message
shows that the meter is an offline meter and the user needs to do the recharge manually.
Therefore, the users of this type of card are getting deprived of many facilities.

• Future industry: Numerous potential future industries can use our energy monitoring
system. In essence, we may link our energy monitoring system with automation systems
by introducing a few characteristics within our system. As we all know, automation is a
well-known method that requires some code integration. Therefore, the system on itself
will be able to control various systems or devices to reduce human efforts and time to
increase accuracy. As a result, we developed certain automation updates that would be
strongly linked to the future energy generation sector by gathering information and doing
research in the relevant field. The system's automatic update is as follows:

6
 A) Temperature sensor: As our system is used for electricity energy
monitoring, there are some cases where fire incidents could occur in the
home from any source. As a result, adding a temperature sensor to our
system would give consumers comfort because it would ensure that
whenever a fire event occurs, an alert would be sent to them via an APP and
a buzzing sound would be made from the Buzzer.

B) Weather Data analysis: Our project's name refers to smart energy

monitoring. Therefore, we would like to incorporate weather data analysis
into our project in the future so that it can provide consumers with smart
advice by interpreting the weather data on its own. Eventually, through
intensive research and updated coding, we can introduce this weather Data
analysis feature to our project.

To conclude, our project has a strong relevant connection with the current and future industry
where by improving and updating the system we can create a device that will be familiar to the
smart home system.

1.2 Objectives, Requirements, Specification and Constraints

The goal of this project, requirements of the system, specifications from the user end, and specific
details of the components used are discussed in the following subsections elaborately. We have
also identified some of the limitations and constraints that the smart monitoring system will be
facing in a real-world scenario.

1.2.1 Objectives:

Our effort is aimed toward a group of people who require help measuring their electricity usage in
order to use less energy. The following are the objectives of our project:

● Monitor Electricity usage in real-time

● Display consumed units and remaining prepaid electricity balance
● Notification system for users using SMS or buzzer
● Provide suggestions to optimize electricity usage

Monitor Electricity usage in real-time: This part of our project aims to make it possible for users
to monitor their usage and check their electric meter balance remotely using a smartphone.

7
Display consumed units and remaining prepaid electricity balance: The user may track their
remaining electricity balance and become aware of their electrical wastage thanks to this
component of the project, which also helps them reduce their monthly electricity cost.

Notification system for users using SMS or buzzer: This is an added feature in our system that
alerts people when they have a low electric balance remaining in their meters. Unlike the traditional
method, it does so even if the user is not physically present close to the meter.

Provide suggestions to optimize electricity usage: We have implemented some notification

systems as opposed to conventional approaches to checking the meter. Customers will benefit from
these notifications by using less electricity and saving money to the fullest extent feasible, which
will lower their monthly electricity costs.

8
1.2.2 Functional and non-functional Requirements:

The Specifications of the system can be further classified into subcategories. These would be
divided into Functional and Non-functional parts according to the User-end requirements.

User-end Functional Energy consumption monitoring

Requirements
Display total energy consumed

Display Remaining balance

Remote access (App based)

Keypad for manual data entry

Non-Functional Casing Design

System Water-proofing

Kill Switch

Table 01: Functional and non-functional Requirements

9
1.2.3 Specifications:

In this section, we will be discussing the requirements and specifications of our system and give a
detailed overview of the components used.

System Requirements Specifications Component Used

Can detect the current Sensors for collecting Current Sensor -

and unit consumed by data ACS712
the load. Can warn the
user to take action. Voltage Sensor -
ZMPT101B

Can connect to the Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Module to connect Wi-Fi module built in
or internet and able to to the internet and send the MCU
send SMS SMS using the online
messaging system

Able to gather Microcontroller Unit or ESP-32 (Devkit v1)

information from the Development Board
sensors, process data,
and take decisions
accordingly

Providing input values Keypad to enter the data Membrane Keypad (4x4)
manually

Displays the user data Display for visual output LCD Display-LM016L
with attached I2C

Table 02: System Requirements

10
Component Specifications:

SL No. Component Name Operating Max Current Manufacturer

Voltage Requirement

1 ACS712_30A 5V 13mA Allegro

(Current Sensor) Microsystems

2 ZMPT101B 5V 20nA Qingxian

(Voltage Sensor) Zeming Langxi
Electronic

3 ESP-32 (Devkit v1) 2.2V - 3.6V 40mA Espressif

Systems

4 Membrane Keypad Up-to 12V 30mA Perfect

(4x4) Electronics

5 LCD Display- 4.7V - 5.3V 16mA Mouser

LM016L with Electronics
attached I2C

Table 03: Component Specifications

11
1.2.4 Technical and non-technical considerations and constraints in the design

process:

To run the project, we have to deal with various ordeals. In Our project, we have identified some
of the problems which might arise. These mainly include:

Cannot synchronize with regular meter

Wi-Fi connection setting is not automated

Technical
Constraints
Requires Internet connection for data
synchronization with App
Limitations/
Constraints of our
design
Data loss due to load shedding

Making the casing for the monitoring system

waterproof

Non-Technical
Constraints Multiple Casing colors of monitoring system
to match user's wall

Drilling holes in wall for setup

Table 04: Technical and non-technical considerations and constraints in the design process

1.2.5 Applicable compliance, standards and codes:

● IEEE 802.11ba-2021:
This standard is to provide wireless connectivity for fixed, portable, and moving
stations within a local area. This standard also offers regulatory bodies a means of
standardizing access to one or more frequency bands for the purpose of local area
communication.

12
 ● IEEE 256-1963:
This Standard recommends and describes methods of measurement of the
important electrical characteristics of semiconductor diodes. As we will be using a
buck-boost converter for that BJT, MOSFET kind of element is needed which is
also applicable.

● IEEE 1703-2012:
The purpose of this standard is to define the network framework and means to
transport the Utility End Device Data Tables via any Local area / Wide area
network for use by enterprise systems in a multi-source environment. Our GSM
module technique is also applicable to that standard.

● IEEE 2050-2018:
This standard is a real-time operating system (RTOS) specification for small-scale
embedded systems such as systems with a single chip microcomputer (single chip
microcontroller) including 16-bit CPUs, systems with a small amount of
ROM/RAM, and systems without a memory management unit (MMU). The main
chip will need ROM for storing data. As well as managing reading falls under this
standard.

1.3 Systematic Overview / Summary of the proposed project:

Bangladesh is regarded as a developing nation, and its achievements in the power sector are
notable. However, we are currently experiencing a deficit in the production of power due to both
global and local difficulties. In order to satisfy consumer needs, we have implemented a
sophisticated technical project that will enable prepaid customers to remotely monitor their
electricity usage and be aware of energy-saving opportunities. As a result, our method will have a
good effect on the economy of the country and assist consumers in becoming more informed about
how to use electricity.

13
1.4 Conclusion:

It is clear that maximizing the use of grid power is one of our country's main focuses. Therefore,
in order to meet the demands of energy consumption efficiency, we are introducing our FYDP
(Final Year Design Project), which will enable users to track the electrical consumption of their
prepaid meters via APP and SMS. Customers would also receive information from this system
about how much electricity they used in previous days, making them more aware of their
utilization.

14
Chapter 2: Project Design Approach [CO5, CO6]

2.1 Introduction:

Our energy monitoring system is based on a few objectives, which helped us determine how
important it was when designing the approaches. So that we could determine the three possible
design approaches to meet the main goals of our project, we looked through a number of research
review papers and software.

2.2 Identification of multiple design approaches:

2.2.1 Design Approach 01:

Fig 05: Block Diagram of Design Approach 01

● Current Sensors measure data for each appliance.

● Arduino Nano processes the data for each room.
● The processed Data is uploaded to a cloud storage using Wi-Fi shield.
● Users Getting Notification via Alarm system, Phone app.

15
2.2.2 Design Approach 02:

Fig 06: Block Diagram of Design Approach 02

● Transistors detect active relay switches and sends signal to MCU

● Arduino Mega (MCU) detects active switch and processes data regarding that switch
● Processed data is being shown LM044L Display
● Users provide input manually by keypad and receive Notifications via SMS

2.2.3 Design Approach 03:

Fig 07: Block Diagram of Design Approach 03

16
 ● Current Sensor reads value from circuit breaker.
● Arduino Uno is used to read data and calculate tariff.
● Processed data is being shown into display (LM044L).
● Customers provide input manually by keypad and receive Notifications via SMS.

2.3 Description of multiple design approaches:

In the following pages, we have thoroughly described the Alternative design approaches possible

for designing our system. This part was done to look for alternate solutions of the current problems

that conventional meter users are facing.

2.3.1 Design Approach 01:

Fig 08: Block Diagram of Design Approach 01

● Current Sensor measure data for each appliance

● Arduino Nano processes the data for each room
● The processed Data is uploaded to a cloud storage using Wi-Fi shield
● Users Getting Notification via Alarm system, Phone app

17
 Fig 09: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 01

In this design, each room is shown as a child circuit. The child circuit consists of a DC Motor
representing a fan and 2 separate lamps depicting the light bulbs that we use in our house. These
devices are connected in series with current sensors which record the current reading for each
appliance separately. The reading for each room is checked by individual Arduino Nano placed in
each room and it is here that using the sensor readings the Nano is able to tell whether an appliance
is ON or OFF.
The total current reading, as well as the appliance activity, is processed and then sent to the
Arduino UNO board from each room by the Nanos. The UNO receives this information and
processes it to further make calculations that are used to measure the usage and bill of consumers.
This data is then sent to a cloud using a GSM module which regularly updates the activities in the
database and from here the consumer is able to monitor his/her activity via an app.

18
2.3.2 Design Approach 02:

Fig 10: Block Diagram of Design Approach 02

● Transistors detect active relay switches and sends a signal to MCU

● Arduino Mega (MCU) detects active switch and processes data regarding that switch
● Processed data is being shown LM044L Display
● Users provide input manually by a keypad and receive Notifications via SMS

Fig 11: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 02

19
We are implementing a relay with each load in this design process to distinguish which one is
running and which one is not. We've linked the relay to each load's switch. When the switch is
turned on, the relay is activated first, and then the load is activated. The operating data will be
provided to Arduino during this time. The Arduino will then detect which switch is turned on and
for how long. The data for each load is then pre-programmed on Arduino. As a result, Arduino
calculates the balances that have been spent and those that have not been spent. A keypad is used
to enter commands, and an LCD display (LM044L) is used to display them. On the screen, we can
view the remaining balance, recharge amount, and usage history, among other things. Finally, the
GSM module (900D) is available for sending text messages when the balance is at a low level.
When the balance falls below 25%, a notification will be issued as an emergency reminder to
recharge the device.

20
2.3.3 Design Approach 03:

Fig 12: Block Diagram of Design Approach 03

● Current Sensor read values from circuit breaker

● Arduino Uno is used to read data and calculate tariff
● Processed data is being shown into the display (LM044L)
● Customers provide input manually by a keypad and receive Notifications via SMS

Fig 13: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 03

21
We take the desired data from the circuit breaker through a circuit sensor in this design approach
(ACS713). First and foremost, the sensor will send milliamps of data to Arduino right away. Our
primary goal is to keep track of current data and convert it to amperes using Arduino code.
Secondly, we have included a simple keypad system to collect user input and control the system.
The necessary data is also displayed on a (LM044L) display. Finally, we prove that the units have
been used and that there is still a balance in the meter by utilizing power and energy calculations.
Although, for the time being, we are taking the balance input by asking the user how much he or
she recharged. We are keeping the sanction load or demand rate as a constant rate of 60 BDT.
Therefore, the system keeps calculating the data and through GSM module(900D) messages will
be sent while the balance is about 50 percent left as well as 25 percent left.

22
2.4 Analysis of multiple design approaches:

Here to compare the three design approaches we have assessed them on several criteria and the
results are tabulated below,

Design 1 Design 2 Design 3

Component Uses multiple MCU and Fixed appliance Unit Uses a single Arduino
Efficiency sensors to measure data ratings are taken from UNO and sensors to
in real-time. the database. Therefore, measure data in real-
time
The transparency of
output data is limited.
Data accuracy Error rate 14.28% Error rate 4.3% Error rate 0.748%
(High error rate) (Moderate error rate) (Low error rate)
Manufacturability The components are This system is based on This is based on data
available, but a bit relay switch. Which will from the circuit
complex to build. Also, be dependent on breaker. It requires
we can set the cloud database, there are less digital sensors
storage data easily sensors

Maintainability There are more than 1 Depending on transistors No internet connection

MCU, and the data is and relay, with each in this system. Since
based on cloud storage. switch board. Which is the parameters are
Here the maintenance is easier compared to from the sensor, this
complicated. previous. system is simple to
maintain.
Feasibility This design has The relay, BJT, pull The current data is
complexity. There are down resistor’s sensing and direct to
both nano and uno as combination is a bit the MCU. And its code
MCU. And the code tough and there is only is simple
implementation is quite one MCU and the code
challenging. direction is at a
moderate level.
Budget 9950 5600 4650

Table 05: Comparison of the 3 Design approaches

After the comparison, we have come to the decision to elect Design 3 to be our optimal design
solution.

23
SWOT Analysis of the Optimal Design Solution:

▪ Strengths:
I. Is able to display the usage history of the user in detail for the running month.
II. Users will be notified using the SMS system so they do not need to check meters
regularly and can get notified remotely.
III. Providing suggestions to optimize electricity usage

▪ Weaknesses:
I. Current fluctuation as AC to DC converter is used which reduces accuracy.
II. Sensors consume a small amount of energy which is not calculated

▪ Opportunities:
I. Cloud storage to monitor the data Remotely
II. App based to make it more user-friendly

▪ Threats:
I. Data loss due to load shedding
II. Damage due to water droplet accumulation
III. System can be tampered

2.5 Conclusion:

To conclude, we have gone through several aspects of mathematical reasoning, analytical skills,
and complex engineering problem issues. In order to choose the best design approach (Design
Approach-3) for our system, we compared the functionality phases of the 3 separate design
approaches we came up with after completing these tasks.

24
CHAPTER 3: Use of Modern Engineering and IT Tool [CO9]

3.1 Introduction:

The phrase "modern Engineering Tools" is frequently used in the engineering field. Research,
analysis, and comparison are the best ways to choose a “modern” engineering tool. In essence,
using a modern engineering tool requires extensive research so that the user can select the best for
the task. Therefore, we have done several types of research, literature review, and comparison to
select the Modern Engineering tools ( Hardware, Software, Simulation) for our “energy monitoring
System” project.

3.2 Selection of appropriate Engineering and IT tools:

In any complex engineering problem, we need to research and examine certain criteria for selecting
the appropriate modern Engineering Tools. As a consequence, we have found some cutting-edge
engineering tools that will be utilized for our complex engineering project's hardware and software
phases.

3.2.1: Software and comparison:

Through some research and browsing various websites over the internet, we have identified some
of the software that allows us to perform the simulations of the design approaches. We have
analyzed each individual software and compared them to select an ideal platform for us to work.

Sci-lab: Sci-lab is free and open-source software which is used for testing algorithms or
numerical computation. Also, it can be used for signal processing, statistical analysis, image
enhancement, fluid dynamics simulations, numerical optimization, and modeling, simulation
of explicit and implicit dynamical systems, and (if the corresponding toolbox is installed)
symbolic manipulations. This software has extensive tools with a great support base. Scientists
and engineers use MATLAB a lot. Scilab, unfortunately, is not remotely compatible with
MATLAB. As long as Scilab is not the most popular of its kind, compatibility will always be
an issue. Hence, we have skipped the software.

LabVIEW: LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instruments Engineering Workbench) is a system

engineering software for applications that require measurement, testing, and control with rapid
access to hardware and data insights. The LabVIEW software offers a graphical programming
approach that helps to visualize every aspect of the application, including hardware
configuration, measurement data, and debugging. This visualization makes it simple to

25
 integrate measurement hardware from any vendor, represent complex logic on the diagram,
develop data analysis algorithms, and design custom engineering user interfaces. LabVIEW is
the best tool available in the market for real-time control. It can connect with multiple devices
to acquire data from sensors and control actuators based on processed data.
PSPICE: It is a general-purpose analog circuit simulator that is used to verify circuit designs
and predict circuit behavior. However, it has so many limitations. Such as, it is restricted to
circuits with 10 transistors only, doesn’t support iterative methods, unavailability of distortion
analysis, cannot be used to synthesize the circuit elements, and so on. As it has so many
limitations, we are not using this software.

Proteus: This software integrates circuit simulation, PCB design, and single-chip simulation.
By providing the best real-time display effects, it also supports the compiling, editing, and
source-level simulation of the assembly language of the microcontroller, with built-in
assembly compilers of 8051, AVR, PIC, etc. However, insufficient data calculation of the
circuit is the limitation of it. As it is more compatible than any other software for us, we’ve
selected Proteus software for our project simulation.

The comparison has been shown in the table below:

Table 06: Comparison of the Simulation Software

By comparing various criteria, we see that Proteus has the most available resources and online
forums with a very user-friendly interface. Thus, we have selected to work on Proteus 8
Professional (v8.11) for the simulation part

26
3.2.2: Hardware and coding:

ESP32 Microcontroller: This is the microcontroller that reads the data from the sensors and
processes the data by integrating the code. This MCU has memory storage of 32Mbit and it
operates at 3.3V.

ACS712 Current Sensor: To measure the current we are using a digital meter that gives us a
definite rating with an error of 1.5%. The rating for this module is sufficient for our project i.e. it
is capable of reading currents up to 21 amps.

ZMPT101B Voltage Sensor: The sensor is capable of measuring ac voltage directly from the
main source or meter line that enters our house. With high precision, the sensor can measure a
peak voltage value of 280V.

LCD Display: The output data is displayed on the LCD monitor. After the calculation is completed
in the MCU, the data is transferred to the LCD, which displays the processed data output.

ACTIVE BUZZER: this tool is used for warnings and notifications by creating a sound through
the speaker. The model we have used has an operating voltage of 5 V.

3.3 Use of modern Engineering and IT tools:

3.3.1 Comparison of the software for simulations:

We have used proteus software for our simulation. The following table represents the comparison
of the softwares which we have identified previously.

27
 Table 07: Comparison of the Simulation Software

By comparing various criteria, we see that Proteus has the most available resources and online
forums with a very user-friendly interface. Thus, we have selected to work on Proteus 8
Professional (v8.11) for the simulation part.

3.3.2 For coding:

The platform for the Arduino development environment is "Arduino IDE." It is a quick and
effective open source program that makes it simple to develop code and upload it to the device.
This application is compatible with all versions of Arduino, ESP, etc. The software has many tools
to make coding more user-friendly, including a text editor for creating code. The software connects
to the Arduino or ESP hardware to upload programs and communicate with them using the USB
ports.

28
3.3.3 for hardware:

We have used certain hardware components for our project after analyzing the features and criteria
that relate to our project appropriately. Therefore, the description of the hardware components is
as follows,

ESP32 Microcontroller: This is the microcontroller that reads the data from the sensors and
processes the data by integrating the code. This MCU has memory storage of 32Mbit and it
operates at 3.3V.

ACS712 Current Sensor: To measure the current we are using a digital meter that gives us a
definite rating with an error of 1.5%. The rating for this module is sufficient for our project i.e.
it is capable of reading currents up to 21 amps.

ZMPT101B Voltage Sensor: The sensor is capable of measuring ac voltage directly from the
main source or meter line that enters our house. With high precision, the sensor can measure a
peak voltage value of 280V.

LCD Display: The output data is displayed on the LCD monitor. After the calculation is
completed in the MCU, the data is transferred to the LCD, which displays the processed data
output.

ACTIVE BUZZER: this tool is used for warnings and notifications Via creating a sound
through the microphone. The model we have used has an operating voltage of 5 V.

3.4 Conclusion:

In the end, we have gone through several research papers and analyses to select the appropriate
modern engineering tools for our “energy monitoring system” project’s hardware and software
part. We have selected the sensors and other equipment that were available in the local market.

29
CHAPTER 4: Optimization of Multiple Design and Finding the Optimal
Solution. [CO5, CO6, CO7]

4.1 Introduction:

To choose the best design approach for our project's multiple design approaches, we have chosen
a few criteria. Here, our key purpose was to identify the most appropriate and suitable proposed
design that would satisfy our needs, requirements, and specifications.

4.2 Optimization of multiple Design approach:

We have gone through some test cases to optimize the multiple design approaches. The following
test are given below,

Table 08: Functional Verification of the 3 Design Solutions

The table above compares the error rate for each individual approach. By comparing the 3 designs
we see that Design 3 has the least error rate in comparison to the other 2 Designs.

30
Design 01:

Fig 14: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 01

We used a microcontroller to store and combine data with the slave Arduino in this technique. The
data will subsequently be shown via a mobile app created using a computer programming
language. The user will be able to control the data and examine the desired output, as well as a
report for the previous 10 days or a month.

[Note: Some modules in Proteus exist as dummy blocks. Hence the processes were not shown in
the Proteus Simulations]

31
Design 02:

Fig 15: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 02

Design 2 is based on relay switching. which is being checked by the Arduino that is the load is
connected or not. Then it tracks the watt rating and depending on that, it provides the unit, energy
as well as remaining balance.

The data is being collected from the unit

which has been used as spending and
plotting it minute by minute accordingly.
Also, we are showing the balance
decreasing flow from time to time.

32
Design 03:

Fig 16: Schematic Diagram of Design Approach 03

As we have predefined that our system is, based on notification through gsm module and taking
the data from the circuit breaker. So, we have used Arduino code and this calculation is given
below to measure unit, energy, and remaining balance.
This design can show us the current usage value from time to time. It gives us notifications when
the remaining balance reaches at 50% and 25%. It sends a message, as a signal to the user so that
he or she can be notified when the remaining balance is low. Therefore, our design’s functional
verification is validated where we are able to show the remaining balance, consumed energy units,
and notify the user via SMS when there is low amount of balance is present.

33
In design-3, the data is also being collected
(as previously in design-2) from the unit
that has been used and plotting it. minute by
minute accordingly same as design-2 graph.
Also, we are showing the balance
decreasing flow from time to time.

34
4.3 Identification of the Optimal design approach:
We have selected various criteria for our project’s design approaches considering cost,
efficiency, usability, manufacturability, impact, sustainability, maintainability, etc. Therefore,
we have compared these criteria with the 3 design approaches which helped us to select the
Optimal design approach for our ‘Energy Monitoring System’.

Here to compare the three design approaches we have assessed them on several criteria and the
results are tabulated below,

Design 1 Design 2 Design 3

Component Uses multiple MCU and Fixed appliance Unit Uses a single Arduino
Efficiency sensors to measure data in ratings are taken from the UNO and sensors to
real-time. database. Therefore, measure data in real-
time
The transparency of
output data is limited.
Data accuracy Error rate 14.28% Error rate 4.3% Error rate 0.748%
High error rate Moderate error rate Low error rate
Manufacturability The components are This system is based on This is based on data
available, but bit relay switch. Which will from circuit breaker. It
complex to build. Also, be dependent on requires digital sensors
we can set the cloud database, there are less
storage data easily sensors

Maintainability There are more than 1 Depending on transistors No internet connection

MCU, and the data is and relay, with each in this system. Since
based on cloud storage. switch board. Which is the parameter are from
Here the maintenance is easier compared to the sensor so this
complicated. previous. system is simple to
maintain.
Feasibility This design has The relay, BJT, pull The current data is
complexity. There are down resistor’s sensing and direct to
both nano and uno as combination is a bit MCU. And its code is
MCU. And the code tough and there is only simple
implementation is quite one MCU and the code
challenging. direction is in moderate
level.
Budget 9950 5600 4650

Table 09: Comparison of alternate design approaches

35
After the comparison, we have come to the decision to elect Design 3 to be our optimal design
solution as it outshines the other two designs in more than one category.

4.4 Performance evaluation of developed solution:

For the implementation of the optimal design solution, we had to make some changes in the
hardware section as we came to know about many alternative devices which are better
performing, cheaper, and come with a number of built-in systems.

4.4.1: Implement the selected design solution:

In our optimal design solution, Design Approach 3, we have selected an Arduino UNO to be
the microcontroller unit (MCU) of the system. However, a further search led us to the ESP32
Devkit, a different MCU that performs better and uses fewer parts than the one we originally
planned to utilize in our design.

The comparison of the two MCUs for which we made the adjustment can be found in the
following table

Arduino UNO Rev3 ESP32 DevKit

Dimensions 2.7¨ x 2.1¨ 2¨ x 1.1¨

General
Pricing 800-1100 tk 750-950 tk

I/O Pins 14 36

PWM Pins 6 16

Connectivity
Analog Pins 6 Up to 18 *

Analog Out Pins 2

(DAC)

ATMega328P Xtensa Dual-Core 32-

Computing Processor bit LX6
microprocessor

36
 Flash Memory 32 kB 4 MB

SRAM 2 kB 520 kB

EEPROM 1 kB -

Clock speed 16 MHz Upto 240 MHz

Voltage Level 5V 3.3V

USB Connectivity Standard A/B USB Micro-USB

Hardware Serial 1 3
Ports

SPI Support Yes (1x) Yes (4x)

Communication

CAN Support No Yes

I2C Support Yes (1x) Yes (2x)

Wi-Fi - 802.11 b/g/n

- v4.2 BR/EDR and

Additional Features Bluetooth
BLE

Touch Sensors - 10

Table 10: Comparison between Arduino UNO and ESP 32

Some slight modifications to Design 3 were made such as the use of a Voltage sensor
(ZMPT101B) to compare the monitor voltage in real-time. The current sensor available
in the market during the development of the project is ACS712 which works the same
as ACS713. The ACS 712 model comes with three different ratings and for our project,
we decided to use the 30A rated Model as it was the highest rated current sensor. Rather
than using a GSM Module for sending SMS to individual users, we found an Internet-
based SMS system that was more efficient.

37
4.4.2: Performing tests of the Implemented solution:

We have chosen to build a model of a typical two-bedroom house in order to test how the
designed model operates. To create the house model, a design of a real house model was
acquired, and the accessories like lights, fans, switches, circuit breakers, etc. were bought.
Below is an overview of the house model's design and wiring.

Fig 17: House Model Plan for a 2-bedroom flat

38
 Fig 18: Wiring connections for the 2-bedroom flat House Model

We have connected our sensors with the housing model and obtained readings from
that to see whether the design can actually perform for an actual system. Here for the
light bulbs, we used LED bulbs of 5W each and we purchased some mini AC fans, each
rated 30W.

Figure 19: House Model on which the system was tested.

39
4.4.3: Evaluating the performance of the implemented solution:

To determine whether the numbers acquired from our system were reliable, we compared the
readings we obtained from the sensors with an energy meter for the evaluation of the
monitoring system.

Fig 20: The Energy Meter used in our project to verify the data

To check the accuracy of our system, the voltage sensor's calibration was completed, and the
findings were compared with a multimeter reading.
We also put our system to the test by having it run throughout a specific time of day. As a
result, we were able to determine if the system would still work as intended during prolonged,
continuous use. We observed the data as the test ran to look for any irregularities.

Duration 15 30 45 60 75 90
(min)
Voltage 229.87 230 227.90 231.34 230 230
Reading
(V)
Power 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.19 0.23
Consumed
(KWh)
Table 11: Data collected during the experiment (at BRAC University)

40
We discovered throughout the testing that the voltage swings and is not constant. During the
testing, it was discovered that different places have varying voltage ratings, even though this
fluctuation was extremely low (less than 5V) and the voltage reading was roughly 230 V. While
performing such an experiment we found that some areas have a voltage supply as low as 207V
(Niketon Housing Society) but it does not increase above 237 V in any areas.

4.5 Conclusion:

According to the market analysis, several changes to the final design were necessary, and some
components were substituted for more effective ones. To ensure that we obtained accurate data
for our monitoring system, the sensors were calibrated, and test results were compared with the
actual or practically used equipment. We have also developed the housing model after an actual
2 bed-room designed flat to run our tests.

41
Chapter 5: Completion of Final Design and Validation. [CO8]

5.1 Introduction:

For the completion of the smart monitoring system, we divided the tasks into several categories
to make the workflow smooth. We did some literature review and datasheet analysis of the
components that we are using followed by the calibration of individual sensors and components
used for the system. After that, we moved on to full system integration, and then finally we
tried to link the system with an app so that the house model can be monitored remotely.

5.2 Completion of the final design:

The actions that need to be taken to implement the smart monitoring system have been
identified by our team. To keep track of all the advancements made and to update as necessary,
a work breakdown structure was developed. A logbook was kept to provide a clearer picture of
the development. Since testing our system in a real room would be difficult and could result in
circuit breakers tripping repeatedly if wires are not connected properly, we obtained a real
house design to be developed and tested on. The user will have issues if the system is tested in
the real room before being tested on a model or prototype, and there is a significant risk of
sensor damage if this is done without first understanding the entire load capacity of the user's
equipment.

42
5.2.1: House model system Design:

Fig 21: Blueprint of House Model Plan for a 2-bedroom flat

The blueprint of the house model represents a typical 2-bedroom house that most of our
targeted stakeholders live in. The type of flat they live in was identified by performing a survey
where they shared with us their living conditions, types of equipment they regularly use, their
monthly electricity bill, and how it would help them if they could track their daily electrical
usage.

43
 Fig 22: Wiring connections for the 2-bedroom flat House Model

We then counted the total number of lights and fans a household contains and created a
minimalistic design accordingly. For the lights, we used LED bulbs of 5W and for the fans, we
substituted them with mini AC cooling fans rated 30W.

5.2.2: Individual hardware testing and system integration:

The voltage sensor (ZMPT101B) and the current sensor (ACS712 30A) were the sensors that
underwent calibration.

Calibration of Voltage Sensor (ZMPT101B): To establish the supplied load voltage for the
dwelling in Bangladesh, we searched the internet. It is claimed that the load voltage delivered
by the distributor is in the range of 220-240V at a frequency of 60 Hz.

Fig 23: ZMPT101B, Voltage sensor used in the smart monitoring system.

44
However, it differed in multiple locations. The lowest number we noticed was a measurement
of 207V for several regions where the load was verified to be below 220V. (according to the
digital multimeter reading). On the other hand, because the highest value we could find was
236.5V, the maximum load voltage observed did not exceed 240V.

Fig 24: ACS712_30A, Current sensor used in the smart monitoring system.

Current Sensor (ACS712 30A): For the current sensors, we calibrated it using the small ac
fans that were purchased as it was problematic to connect an ammeter directly in series with
an ac load. The fans' rated current is around 0.14A. To get the rated value, we first linked the
sensor to a single fan, watched the readings, and further calibrated it. We were able to achieve
a current reading between 0.13-0.17A, even though the results we obtained wouldn't stay
constant because of the fluctuating ac current supplied at home. We compared the readings of
the current sensors when the fan was switched off to observe values at no load condition.

5.2.3: Blynk app for remote access:

We have integrated the Blynk App into our system to enable remote access. The data is read
from the microcontroller (Esp-32) and calculated here using the predefined codes. The App
also computes power usage, energy consumption, and prepaid meter balance. By linking the
phone to the Blynk server, the user can utilize the internet to remotely monitor the meter's
detailed info from any location.

45
5.2.4: Total system run test on house model:

Fig 25: Initially designed house model for testing the monitoring system.

We first adjusted the sensor readings before installing the monitoring system on the house
model to obtain precise data. A 5W LED bulb connected in parallel was tested after it had
initially been tested on a small ac fan. Then, as fans consume a higher current than lights do,
we connected two more small fans in tandem to test our system. By turning on many loads at
once, we tested our system's ability to tolerate an in-rush current of up to 33A before
implementing it on the designed house model.

Fig 26: House Model updated after an actual house.

46
5.3 Evaluate the solution to meet the desired need:
Our design aims to make it possible for the user to remotely check their remaining electric
balance. We needed our system to operate with extreme precision and very little margin for
error to accomplish this. Further calibration of the sensors was necessary to obtain such results.

5.3.1: Sensor calibration:

The data obtained from our project was fine-tuned to meet the users' requirements and be used
for further calibration. We checked the values of our system by comparing them with results
obtained from practically used equipment.

ACS712 Current Sensor:

Following the completion of the initial computations, we examined the raw data and
calibrated the ACS712 sensor to determine the most recent readings of the entire house
model. However, background noise from other electronic equipment was present in the
data because of interference. Due to this, even when all of the components in our
housing model were turned off, the sensors continued to report readings higher than
"0”.

47
 Fig 27: Graph representing the primary calibration of the current sensor

We observed the data at no load condition to find out the peak value it gives and
adjusted our calibration factors accordingly. Not only we were able to receive a clean
feed but we managed to reduce the fluctuations that our sensors were giving earlier.
The graph below is a representation of the data found.

48
 Fig 28: Graph representing the final calibration of the current sensor

Voltage Sensor: In comparison to the current sensor, the ZMPT101B voltage sensor was much
easier to set up and values obtained from it were precise enough to be included in calculations.
However, we were required to test it on various loads to check and see if the calculations
matched the readings of a Digital Multimeter.

Fig 29: Data found after calibrating the Voltage sensor compared with multimeter reading

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5.3.2: App development (Blynk):

We made use of Blynk's app feature to let the user keep track of their electricity bill. The app's
user interface was developed with the stakeholders in consideration. The main goal of the app
was to make it possible for customers to use their smartphones to check the balance on their
electric meters and to create a notification system that would inform users when their balance
was low and they needed to recharge. We have included various features in the app.

Fig 30: The User Interface we designed using the Blynk App

1. Showing remaining balance: the user will now be able to to check how much
money they have remaining using their mobile phones without the need to go
and check the meter every time.

2. Showing consumed energy: This feature allows them to check their total
energy expenditure in KWh just like a conventional meter.

3. Showing bar chart for last 7 days usage: This is a bonus feature we have
designed for the user that will allow them to check their daily usage and make
them aware to use electricity efficiently so that they are able to reduce wastage.
4. Suggesting usage for different phases of balance (50%, 25%, 10%):
Continuous real time monitoring (Voltage): Like a normal house electricity
meter, our system is able to show the real-time voltage to the consumers.

50
 5. Remaining percentage of the balance recharged: A secondary goal of our
project is to make the recharged amount last longer by allowing the user to
control their wastage and spread awareness. In order to do so we have set up a
ratio that shows the remaining balance as a percentage. The user can see the
percentage of the remaining balance (similar to displaying battery percentage)
in their app and some notification systems have been set for certain percentages.

6. Recharge History: This feature is to show the user their last recharge amount
and the date and time of recharge.

5.3.3: Keypad:

Here, a 4X4 Membrane keypad has been installed. The keypad's function is to allow manual
entry of the recharge amount into our monitoring system. We used a keypad at the time
because we could not sync the information about the actual meter balance with our system.
The user must enter the balance using this keypad.

Fig 31: The 4x4 Membrane Keypad we used in our project

The A,B,C and D keys are used as special command keys which function as the
following:

A → Current Power Usage

B → Balance Remaining

C → Consumed Units

D → Date of Last Balance Recharge and Recharge amount.

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5.3.4: Display:

Here we have used the LM016L display which is a 16x2 Backlit LCD display. Like the
conventional method, we have decided to display some of the information by using this LCD.

Fig 32: LM016L, a 16x2 Backlit LCD display

5.3.5: Calculations:

The Bill Calculation: After some browsing and searching books, we have identified all the
equations that are necessary for calculating the electricity bill. The following list of equations
lists all of them that we used.

Power calculation:
P=VxI
V= Voltage RMS Value
I= Current Value Acquired from the sensor

Energy calculation:
E = P x t (Wh)
E = P x t ÷ 1000 (kWh)
Energy Cost = Energy Used in kWh x Time in Hours
Cost Per Hour = kWh x Unit Price

VAT calculation:
Fixed 5% VAT will be deducted from the calculated total energy cost
Meter charge ( once a month )

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Meter rent per month is = 40 taka
Demand charge:
Per KW sanction load is = 30 taka
Overall sanction load = sanctioned load *30 taka

Tariff Calculation: We have also looked at the updated circulars for Tariff calculations
provided by the government of Bangladesh and the costing of individual Electricity Provider
Services. After analyzing all the data which we found, we then moved on with the coding part
for balance calculations using values obtained from the sensors of the monitoring system.

First Slab: 01 to 75 units 4.19 Taka

Second Slab: 76 to 200 units 5.72 Taka

Third Slab: 201 to 300 units 6.00 Taka

Forth Slab: 301 to 400 units 6.34 Taka

Fifth Slab: 401 to 600 units 9.91 Taka

Sixth Slab: Above 600 units 11.46 Taka

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 Fig 33: Flowchart representing the tariff calculation used in coding

The code for the Monitoring System: A simplified framework is used to explain the overall
code in the flowchart that follows.

54
 Fig 34: Flowchart showing the overall structure of the code

Data obtained from the system: After the full monitoring system integration was finished,
we ran a test on the house model. All of the lights and fans in the house model were turned on
during our full load test, and the monitoring system's results were recorded in a spreadsheet.

Table 12: Data obtained from testing the model at full load.

55
Data obtained from the monitoring system vs the actual data from the energy meter:

To verify the accuracy of the data obtained from the system, we compared the total energy
consumption reading of our system with the data obtained from the actual energy meter used
for the model.

Fig 35: Some pictures of data obtained from the energy meter

The following table is the set of recorded data from the house model by both the energy meter
and the smart monitoring system. The table allows us to compare the data for a better
understanding of the readings we obtained and the error rate.

Table 13: Values obtained in from the smart monitoring system vs the energy Meter data

Here, from the table, we see the data found by running the device for 7 days and comparing the
results found from the smart energy monitoring system with that found from the energy meter.
After comparison we see that the values obtained are very close with an error of 0.06214%
approximately.

56
5.4 Conclusion:

We split the tasks into different categories for the smart monitoring system's completion in
order to facilitate a seamless workflow. Before calibrating individual sensors and system
components, we reviewed some relevant literature and examined the datasheets of the
components we are implementing. Then, we advanced to complete system integration, and
ultimately, we sought to connect the system with an app so that the house model could be
observed from a faraway. For sensor calibration, we had to go through the readings over and
over again to filter out any noise from the system and calculated the balance of the electric
meter using the final values obtained. We designed the User Interface of the app to make the
system user-friendly and designed the notification system in a specific way so that the user can
remain cautious of their electric meter balance and avoid any disconnection due to using up all
the balance.

57
CHAPTER 6: Impact Analysis and Project Sustainability. [CO3, CO4]

6.1: Introduction:

Like all initiatives, our project is vital to society and will have an impact on a range of areas,
including the economy, ecology, and more. Keeping in mind the effects our project would have
on the users' lives, we have made an effort to ensure the users' safety when using it in their
homes. We have also considered how to make this initiative sustainable.

6.2: Assessment of impacts of the designed solution:

The impacts of our project is carefully analyzed according to the cultural context of our country
are divided into different categories and are mentioned below

Economic impact:

Smart monitoring systems provide additional benefits to the user, energy production company,
and our environment. This system minimizes the chance of a mistake. It achieves accuracy in
the calculation of cost and provides previously unavailable transparency into energy usage.
Moreover, users can track their consumption in real-time and can identify waste points, and
control spending.

Environmental impact:

According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), buildings in the U.S.
produce 30% of carbon dioxide partially responsible for climate change. However, some
studies show that it is much higher for Bangladesh due to its dense population. Our system
aims to notify the customers about their usage so that they can control their habits and reduce
electric wastage. In doing so, carbon emissions can be reduced thus decreasing the carbon
footprint.

Safety impact:

Since the main goal of our project is to notify users remotely about their daily electricity
consumption and remaining balance, they won't need to physically check their daily
electricity status by going close to the meter, which will help to prevent them from
suffering an electric shock due to the numerous wire connections surrounding the meter.

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Societal impact:

As our system notifies about the usage and helps to get the updates of the bill, it assists
the user to use less amount of electricity when the usage is too much. As a result, it
makes the cost limited and beneficial for society. We are in an era where fossil fuels are
almost depleted and there is a gap in electricity demand and electricity generation more
than ever. Our project will help customers to use this energy more efficiently and thus
reduce the gap between the amount supplied and demanded.

Health impact:

Due to the controlled electricity usage of the concerned users, the carbon emission will be
reduced which is harmful to our health. Moreover, the remote monitoring system reduces the
chance of receiving a shock from the meter and in some cases will motivate the user to live a
healthy lifestyle by altering their habits using the notification system.

6.3: Evaluate the sustainability:

We anticipate that the system we have created will last 10–12 years. We can make sure the
system is functioning and capable of producing outcomes with a minimum level of error by
using the right protection mechanisms and doing routine inspections. We have conducted
surveys of the current systems in addition to testing the product longevity, and we then
structured the project to maximize user advantage such as

Economically: Electricity is an expensive resource and users are depending on it for

performing their daily activities. But the current system available in our country does not allow
customers to monitor their daily energy expenditure. Our project records this information in
real-time and assists users in analyzing their consumption. By doing so, consumers can
determine their overall costs and expenses, as well as optimize their usage thus reducing the
total expenditure.

Environmentally: The device can help the environment because by enabling users to use
electricity more effectively, we are reducing E-waste, which can affect the environment.
Additionally, consumers will be able to reduce their electricity waste by improving their habits,
which will reduce carbon emissions, by managing their energy consumption.

Societal: This initiative was created to conserve electricity in homes by minimizing the use of
superfluous appliances because there is currently less electricity being produced due to the
shutdown of most coal-based power plants. This energy can be supplied when needed by
minimizing wastage in one home, bringing equity to rural areas.

59
6.4: Conclusion:
We have examined the potential effects of our project in this part on the environment, society,
user safety, and how it would affect their health. We have also discussed sustainability issues
including the economic and environmental ones. By evaluating the sustainability of this project
on a number of criteria, we can contribute to its lifespan, improve society, and thus look toward
a better future for our nation.

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CHAPTER 7: Engineering Project Management [CO11, CO14]

7.1: Introduction:
Engineering project management is a very vital terminology where the main aim is to keep the
project on time, on budget, and aligned with all relevant specifications. Here, we looked into
and analyzed a number of engineering project management-related topics, made a Gantt chart,
assigned tasks fairly among the group members, and assessed the project's success using a set
of criteria.

7.2: Define, plan and manage Engineering project:

Any engineering project contains a management sector where the work, time, and
responsibilities have been distributed according to the plan. Here, we have done the same for
our FYDP (Final Year Design project) management.

7.2.1: Definition of project management:

The engineering project management contains project planning, and communication with the
stakeholders as it involves the identification of project objectives, requirements, and
specifications. The main motive of engineering project management is to secure and complete
the project within the due time, on budget and meet the demands of the consumers. Here, the
basic criteria/skills that are needed to complete the project within the due time are given as
follows,

● Risk management
● Stakeholder management
● Procurement
● Quality assurance
● Process integration
● Timing, cost, and scope of the project
● Communications

7.2.2: planning of the Engineering project:

We have planned a WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) for planning our “energy monitoring
system”. Here, this process helped us to conduct our project in the 3 phases within due time,

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 Flow Chart of the project:

Fig 36: Flowchart representing the methodology of the project for FYDP P

Our FYDP project's flowchart diagram begins with the phase of determining the
problem statement based on a real-life complex engineering problem. Then we spoke
with potential project stakeholders and inquired about their needs and expectations.
Following that, we looked through research articles in order to come up with some
possible answers to the topic we are working on. Finally, we have come up with some
viable options and have decided on a project and problem description. Furthermore, we
have chosen three design methods as our project solution and compared them, analyzing

62
the risk and repercussions that may arise during the implementation of this project. After
that, we looked into the standards and codes which are related to our project, and also,
we identified some ethical considerations and safety measurements before finalizing the
project proposal. In the end, we submitted our project proposal report.

We have divided our work for the project into 3 phases. These stages include the following

Phase 1:

Fig 37: Plan for identifying the problems to find appropriate design solutions to solve them

In this phase of our project, we have researched a few papers to get a complex engineering
problem. Then we talked to the stakeholders about what type of problems they are facing and

63
we tried to find some existing solutions. Following that, we compared components and design
systems and we came up with 3 system designs.

Phase 2:

Fig 38: Planning for developing the hardware model of the identified optimal solution

In this phase, we will simulate and adjust our designs. Then we will figure out problems and
constraints with each of our designs. After that, we will be modifying our designs based on the
problems we have identified. Then we will be comparing our designs and select the optimal
design. Now, we will start our primary stage simulation.

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Phase 3:

Fig 39: Planning for the implementation of the system to obtain data and verify them

In this phase 3 of our project, we will implement the system and monitor real-time data. Then,
we will compare the data before and after the implementation of the system.

7.2.3: Project planning/Gantt chart:

We have created a Gantt Chart for each semester of our project. In general, Gantt Chart is a
process where we distribute our work for the whole semester in-group members and also in
dates.

Fig 40: Gantt chart for FYDP_P

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EEE400D Gantt chart:

Fig 41: Gantt chart for FYDP_D

Fig 42: Gantt chart for FYDP_D (Updated version)

66
EEE400C Gantt chart:

Fig 43: Gantt chart for FYDP_C

Fig 44: Gantt chart for FYDP_C (Updated version)

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7.3: Evaluate project progress:
We have done various tasks to build the project. Here, throughout the 3 semesters, we have
distributed our project work among the individual group members. Therefore, we have
followed several works to organize the project work accordingly.

● WBS(Work Breakdown Structure) for project framework.

● Gantt Chart to complete work in due time.
● Maintaining Logbook to track members' activeness towards their responsibility.
● Completing Peer-evaluation forms in each semester to evaluate each group member's
contribution in the project.

FYDP_EE400C_TEAM_04

Responsibilities

-Arnab -Arnab -Arnab -Mahfuzur

-Baizid -Mahfuzur -Baizid - Arnab

House Model Sensor Calibration Report and Slide BLYNK App

Completion Writing

Using 6 Lights (5W) ACS712(Current Writing Draft Report Observations

and 4 Fans (33W) sensor) Following the
instructions
Calibration check accordingly

Developing housing Voltage sensor Writing down the -Real-time data

Model for prototype (ZMPT101B) final report chapter
testing precision check wise -Daily electricity
usage

Manually Calculate Selecting commands -Voltage outputs

Total power for Keypad -Total power usage
calculation
-Bar chart showing
Buzzer connection Energy usage of past
with the main System 1 month

Table 14: Contribution of individual group members

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7.4: Conclusion:
To conclude, we have analyzed the terms of project management skills and criteria, and we
have incorporated those points into our FYDP (Final Year Design project) . Therefore, by
maintaining Logbook, Gantt Chart, Peer evaluation form we have distributed our project’s
work fairly to complete the project in due time, and on budget.

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CHAPTER 8: Economical Analysis [CO12]

8.1: Introduction:

Engineering economics is the study of whether a project is worthwhile. Here, the expenditures
are incurred immediately, which is the primary issue. A specified set of economic analysis
requirements must be met for an engineering project to be completed. Therefore, a project
developer might detect the economic impact on his project by analyzing and evaluating those
factors. Therefore, we have gone through various factors to make our “energy monitoring
system” project more economical and cost-friendly.

8.2: Economic Analysis:

In any engineering project, there are various aspects that help the manufacturer of the project
to determine the relation of economical factors. The analysis points are as follows,

● Concept of macroeconomics:

Macroeconomics is a bigger view as it's a system of the overall performance of global

and national economics. Here, it also covers the larger areas of the engineering field,
like GDP, Fiscal policy, etc. Basically, the external factors of economics related to an
engineering project are emphasized.

● Concept of microeconomics:

Microeconomics is a smaller aspect of economic analysis where it is related to the

comparisons of initial and final product features and their effect on the local dealer,
stakeholders and service providers. Here, Land, Labor, Capital, etc.

● Phases of the project to estimate budget:

The engineering project contains certain phases where it helps the engineer to estimate
the project overall budget.

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 Fig 45: Phases of an engineering project

● Economical Planning:

This part includes various factors which help us to determine and analyze the economic
aspects of any engineering project.

1. Cost estimation: the cost estimation is an estimation that engineers do at the

beginning of the project. Here, throughout the developing process information,
data and actual scenarios the cost estimation is being created.

Fig 46: Standard deviation of any project through different phases.

2. Cost breakdown structure: In any engineering project the cost estimation is

based on the CBS (Cost Breakdown Structure) by which the engineer
determines the budget of the project. Each cost code can for instance refer to
materials, labor, equipment, etc.

3. Risk management system: In every project, uncertainty and risk are always
present while conducting the project. Therefore, engineers should consider
backup plans if the project faces uncertainty.

71
 4. Continuous evaluation: After setting up the budget and overall cost of the
project, the engineer should constantly monitor the ups and downs of the
estimated cost. Therefore, they can use a chart to track the project’s overall cost

Fig 47: Graph showing the evaluation and implementation of project phases

8.3: Cost Benefit Analysis:

Cost-benefit analysis of any engineering project is a systematic approach in which proposals

are analyzed to determine whether the benefits outweigh the costs, and by what margin. Here,
we need to consider some factors while analyzing the cost benefit of any engineering project.

• Balance sheet: The systematic approaches and well organization is considered as the
key factor to complete a project successfully. Here, to make a project Cost beneficial
the engineers must make a Balance sheet and Budget sheet where they can track the
expenses and costs happening throughout the whole process.

● Cost influence through the development process: The engineers must analyze the
development process and understand the influence of the cost throughout the
completion of the project.

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 Fig 48: Cost influence through development of project

8.4: Evaluate Economic and Financial aspects:

We evaluated the economic and financial aspects of our FYDP (final year design project). As
a result, we have analyzed research articles on engineering project economics and costs and
have chosen some criteria to assess the economic and financial features of our "smart energy
monitoring System" project.

8.4.1: Evaluate Economical aspects:

● Concept of macroeconomics: Macroeconomics is regarded as the external and more

significant part of the economic sector in any engineering project, thus these external
factors are also included in our project.

Here, the shortage of electricity production in Bangladesh is directly tied to our "Smart
Energy Monitoring" project. Furthermore, the fundamental goal of the Government of
Bangladesh's significant initiatives to reduce electricity waste is to stabilize the business
conditions of our nation. Therefore, by alerting the users, our system's major goal is to
eliminate electricity waste and optimize electricity usage. So, The user will be more
aware of how to use electricity wisely via an app and email. As a result, our project will
have a positive impact on our nation's macroeconomics, which will optimize the use of
electricity and create a stable economical situation for the people of the country.

● Concept of microeconomics: The interaction between the local dealer, service

providers, and stakeholders of any given engineering project is discussed in terms of
"microeconomics." The emphasis placed on the initial and ultimate products of any
project, as well as how they affect the economic phase, is another important aspect of
this sort of economic factor.

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 As a consequence, in our FYDP project, we related these facts in the context of financial
considerations and assessed them in light of needs. Here, the primary objective of our
project is to track the electricity usage of a residential home and inform prepaid meter
users of their specific electricity usage information using an app, or email, Therefore,
middle-class consumers need to be very cautious about their everyday expenses and are
the appropriate stakeholders. Additionally, the cost of an electrical bill is very
expensive right now, so if they can remotely check their electricity usage and keep their
appliance usage at its best, it will help them stabilize their financial situation. Moreover,
we have selected DPDC (offline prepaid card meters) as our service provider company.
Here, improving the features of the App and suggestions of previous usage history will
help the consumer to be frugal.

In conclusion, our “Smart Energy Monitoring System” satisfies the factors of the
microeconomics both in service provider level and stakeholder level.

• Phases of the project to estimate budget: To complete a successful project, the

organized project phases are very important to estimate the Budget for the whole period
of the project duration. From the beginning to the end, we separated our project into
different sections. Additionally, we thoroughly examined the phases to determine our
project budget and periodically update it.

Fig 49: Phases of project duration and budget

Therefore, By analyzing the project phases we were able to organize our project budgets
to meet the objectives of our project.

74
● Cost estimation: We estimated the overall project cost for our FYDP project from
semester to semester. Here, as the project moves forward, the cost of our project
varies occasionally as a result of data, certain unexpected events (Sensor burst, broken
components), and market instability for componentry. Moreover, the cost estimation
of the engineering project is created by the CBS(Cost Breakdown Structure). This
technique was used in this instance to estimate our project's costs.

● Risk management system: While conducting any project, the project developers
always take account of the unexpected occurrences that could occur during the
progress process of the project. Therefore, As we are doing a project on “Smart
Energy Monitoring System” which is directly related to electricity connection, as a
result, many hardware and components related malfunctions, faults, and even loss of
components can happen during the project. We have observed these scenarios and
implemented them in our project progress period from the first day to the end of the
project work. Therefore, we have assigned group members to deal with unexpected
scenarios related to economic issues.

75
 Risk Management System

Incident Description Backup Plan Responsible

person

Faulty Malfunctioned and faulty Keeping All the Baizid

component components can be bought purchasing receipts of the
because of not checking it shop because if any Arnab
properly. Therefore, it will components are faulty Mahfuzur
increase the budget because then we can replace or get
it is not usable. the compensation money
from the shop.

Scarcity of Due to various reasons the To avoid high priced Arnab

components in components availability can components, we have
the market differ in the market for analyzed and searched for Baizid
which the price of the shops and websites to buy
components can increase. the components at a
reasonable price.

Component While taking data and As it's evident that this Baizid
experimenting our system, kind of incident can occur
Burst due to Short circuit, our during the project. Arnab
components can Get burst Therefore, we have kept Tuhin
which will create problem extra components to avoid
for our project budget any unexpected situations

Hardware As per our house model, we We have analyzed and Arnab

Material needed to buy a hardboard measured various aspects
Finding and for that reason we to buy the perfect size Baizid
needed to buy the exact size hardboard for our house-
of hardware to avoid double model
buying if its not fit for the
house-model

Table 15: Risk management system Analysis

Therefore, by taking these necessary steps we avoided the risks as much as possible, that can
occur during our project and thus managed to stabilize our budget.

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 ● Continuous evaluation: In our FYDP (Final Year Design Project), we initially chose
a budget for three design approaches, following which we began to update the budget
those. Therefore, after selecting our optimal design , We periodically tracked the
budget and expenditures using an excel balance sheet that we had constructed.
Moreover, as an engineering project, we have maintained and updated our balance
sheet to be cost-efficient and evaluate our projects' previous and present budgets.

Fig 50: Continuous Evaluation of Project cost

Therefore, this is the process we have analyzed our project’s budget, comparing our
optimal solution in the 3 phases of our project and comparing it with the final cost of
our system.

8.4.2: Evaluate Financial aspects:

In every engineering project, we have to analyze the perspectives of the stakeholders of

our project. Here, we have figured out some aspects of our project where it will help
the consumers in various ways to maintain their financial aspects.

● Remote Monitoring:

Remotely monitoring electricity use is one of our major purposes. Here, we have
been able to display the prepaid meter user consumption history via email and
an app. As a result, users will easily be able to keep track of their electricity
balance and usage. Additionally, users will be able to promptly reload their
prepaid meter card to prevent any power outages.

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 • Consumer is aware about bill and use electricity effectively:

In our “Smart Energy Monitoring System” project, we have targeted middle-class

families and the offline prepaid card users of the DPDC service provider. In essence,
consumers would be able to track their usage via an app, increasing their awareness of
their electricity use, lowering their electricity costs, and maintaining a stable financial
situation.

● Consumers will be able to track their electricity expenditure: Given that our target
audience consists of middle-class residential families who must be thrifty with their
daily spending, energy usage is one of the essential costs on their list. Additionally, by
keeping tabs on their monthly electricity usage, they can gain insight into how to
optimize their usage, which will help them create a bill for the days ahead.

8.5: Conclusion:

To conclude, we have created an engineering project that considers service providers,

stakeholders, and the economic and financial aspects of the country. Additionally, because of
the lack of electricity production, our project will have a positive influence on consumer
lifestyle and behavior regarding electricity use and will aid in stabilizing the country's
economic situation.

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CHAPTER 9: Ethics and Professional Responsibilities [CO13, CO2]

9.1: Introduction:

In any engineering project, Ethics and professional responsibilities are well-known terms
where certain criteria are being measured to determine the project's acceptability from this side
of the engineering project sector. Therefore, For our FYDP (Final Year Design project) we
have gone through several criteria. Like, such as professional ethics, professional
responsibilities, applicable code, standards, etc. These criteria helped us to design our project
more accurately throughout the 3 semesters of our FYDP (Final Year Design project).

9.2: Identify ethical issues and professional responsibility:

Every engineering project should take into account a few fundamental factors when
determining the ethical issues that are relevant to the stakeholder's requirements. When creating
an engineering project, the developer should take into account user privacy and security,
sustainability, and safety concerns.

In the sector of professional responsibility in any engineering project, the developer should
consider certain attributes to meet the requirements of the stakeholders. To ensure that the
project is compliant with the relevant authorities, the manufacturer must uphold all applicable
codes of standards, professional codes, and regulatory requirements.

Hence, we have gone through these criteria while determining our “smart energy monitoring
system” projects concerned with ethical issues and responsibilities throughout the process,
development, and service of the system.

9.3: Apply ethical issues and professional responsibility:

In our FYDP (Final Year Design project), we analyzed the criteria that are necessary to select
the related ethical issues and professional responsibilities of our project.

• Ethical Consideration:
Electricity plays a crucial role in the energy and power industry. So, to monitor the
electricity we implemented this system. Because these meters are entirely

79
 computerized and include measuring and collecting data, they help to improve the
efficiency of electricity networks. But in doing so, certain concerns arise which
question them from using the system. We have looked at some of these concerns.

Assuring significance for both businesses and society:

As compared to traditional electric meters, smart energy monitoring systems maintain
transparency with regards to bill generation between consumers and electric
companies. There is no risk to the source if this system is implemented. By assuring more
significant benefits, the project will benefit both businesses and society.

● No personal security breach:

We will treat everyone's data as confidential, so to maintain privacy we will

ensure data safety. The design will only be able to access data that is coded for
a particular house. Without proper authorization from the admin, data access
will be denied.

● Minimizing human and animal harm:

This project means no harm to any survival, Since, we are using the sensors, and
connections will be covered with plastic elements. And we will be using
authentic wires and hardware. So, there will be no threats for humans and
animals.

Applicable Standards and Codes

●IEEE 802.11ba-2021:

This standard is to provide wireless connectivity for fixed, portable, and

moving stations within a local area. This standard also offers regulatory
bodies a means of standardizing access to one or more frequency bands
for the purpose of local area communication.

● IEEE 256-1963:

This Standard recommends and describes methods of measurement of

the important electrical characteristics of semiconductor diodes.
As we will be using a buck-boost converter for that BJT, MOSFET kind
of element is needed which is also applicable.

80
 ● IEEE 1703-2012:

The purpose of this standard is to define the network framework and

means to transport the Utility End Device Data Tables via any Local area
/ Wide area network for use by enterprise systems in a multi-source
environment.

● IEEE 2050-2018:

This standard is a real-time operating system (RTOS) specification for

small-scale embedded systems such as systems with a single chip
microcomputer (single chip microcontroller) including 16-bit CPUs,
systems with a small amount of ROM/RAM, and systems without a
memory management unit (MMU). The main chip will need ROM for
storing data. As well as managing reading falls in this standard

9.4 Conclusion:

In conclusion, through the three stages of our complex engineering project, we have gathered
knowledge and information to identify the ethical issues and professional responsibilities where
we prioritize the needs, safety, and privacy of the customer in order to help them create an
environment that is eco-friendly and less polluted.

81
CHAPTER 10: Conclusion and Future work:

10.1 Project summary/Conclusion;

As the human race continues to advance and develop in the modern period, where electricity is
one of the essential resources, so does our nation. However, we are experiencing some
difficulty in producing enough electricity as a result of different effects and issues. As a result,
in order to satisfy the needs, we have developed a project that will have a significant and
beneficial impact on how effectively and efficiently energy meter customers use electricity.
Here, we have chosen a few objectives and requirements, and in order to satisfy them, we have
finished creating a project that will be beneficial for both our society and the country as a
whole. Therefore, after completion of this project, the users have certain advantages which are
given below,

● Real-time tracking of electricity usage.

● Show the number of units consumed as well as the remaining prepaid electricity
balance.
● APP, Mail, and buzzer notification system for users.
● Make recommendations for reducing electricity consumption.

10.2 Future work:

As science is an aspect that is constantly advancing, the word "Future work" is heavily tied to
every complex engineering problem. As a result, every project might include Future Works
where it can be updated and modified in both hardware and software aspects. Eventually, our
‘energy Monitoring System’ project has some future work scopes where it can get more
updated and worthwhile for the users.

10.2.1 Introduce our project’s future work possibilities

● Temperature detection:
By integrating a temperature sensor with our "energy monitoring system," we can add
a temperature detection feature that will allow the system to detect the current
temperature and provide recommendations about how to use appliances.
82
• Weather forecasting:
In order for the sensor to read the data and anticipate the weather for the next few days,
we would like to include a weather forecasting component in our project. Additionally,
this will enable the users to lead more modern lives.

● Fire detection:
In our homes, fire-related incidents occur frequently. Bangladesh too has a high rate of
fire-related fatalities. Therefore, we are planning to incorporate a fire detection system
in our system by which the user can be notified Via the App and Buzzer if any fire
ignites.

● Individual machine learning for different house models and appliances:

Today, machine learning has a significant and positive impact on engineering projects.
We intend to integrate machine learning into our system in this FYDP project. Our
technology can automatically scan the load data and include its features because
different residences have different types of loads.

83
CHAPTER 11: Identification of Complex Engineering Problems and
Activities

11.1: Identify the attribute of complex engineering problem (EP):

Attributes Putting tick (√) as

appropriate

P1 Depth of knowledge required √

P2 Range of conflicting requirements

P3 Depth of analysis required √

P4 Familiarity of issues √

P5 Extent of applicable codes √

P6 Extent of stakeholder involvement and needs √

P7 Interdependence
Table 16: Attribute of complex engineering problem (EP)

11.2: Provide reasoning how the project address selected attribute

(EP):

P1: Depth of knowledge:

We gathered a few papers and extensively reviewed them. We learned about our
requirements and the specifics of our project. Moreover, by evaluating those articles, we
learned that there would be some drawbacks that we may encounter when implementing
the project and that we will be able to arrive at an optimal solution in a more timely and
reasonable manner. Finally, we may visualize the project's outcomes by obtaining the depth
of knowledge from the journals that we have studied. As a result, we will be able to choose
the optimal solution for the complex engineering problem on which we have been working.

84
P3: Depth of analysis required:
In this project, for getting the depth of analysis we have gone through several research
papers.
Then we looked for reasonable components to incorporate in our system's design, thus we
came up with three different design approaches. Furthermore, by examining the research
articles, we discovered how energy monitoring systems contribute to the efficiency of
energy usage. As a result, the depth of analysis is important to our project.

P4: Familiarity of the issue:

In our day-to-day lives, electricity is one of the most important assets we have. The most
alarming issue that consumers face is that they frequently experience power outages due to
insufficient monitoring of the electricity balance. As a result, this type of unexpected
blackout is extremely inconvenient for consumers. Another big issue is that without
appropriate monitoring of electrical operations at residences, a lot of unnecessary electricity
usage happens, resulting in higher electricity bills. Eventually, this became a very familiar
issue for us, in which a lack of energy conservation results in wasteful electricity
consumption and power outages.

P5: Extent of applicable codes:

The project we will be working on has a variety of components, modules, and other
elements. Here, we will consider all applicable codes, rules, and limitations from the
authorities of various organizations that are involved in our project. As a result, we shall
use appropriate components to avoid any possible conflicts with the applicable codes.

P6: Extent of stakeholder involvement:

The major goal of our project is to notify users of their energy use and the working
condition of their electrical appliances. We have been thinking of adding more features to
our project, and we will need a lot of involvement from the stakeholders to do so.

85
11.3 Identify the attribute of complex engineering activities (EA):

Attributes Putting tick (√) as

appropriate

A1 Range of resource √

A2 Level of interaction √

A3 Innovation

A4 Consequences for society and the environment √

A5 Familiarity √
Table 17: Attribute of complex engineering activities (EA)

11.4 Provide reasoning how the project address selected attribute

(EA):

A1: Range of resources:

We studied a few research papers, publications, and journals to see how we could construct
our project. These papers provided us with a wide range of options for how we may create
our project, and we came up with three design approaches from which we would choose
the optimal one to build it.

A2: Level of interaction:

The amount of interactive activity is considered critical in this project. As a result, we have
met with some of the users in person and produced a Google form to collect data and
information from the project's stakeholders.

A4: Consequences for society and the environment:

By receiving notifications from our system, our project plays a critical role in informing
consumers to be more sincere about consuming electricity. Furthermore, warning

86
customers of needless appliance usage might reduce the use of electrical appliances,
resulting in reduced heartburn from electrical appliances. As a result, it will have a positive
impact on the environment.

A5: Familiarity:
Our project deals with the familiarity issue of sudden power cuts due to inappropriate
electricity monitoring systems. We have planned to use some ways to get notified by SMS
module, App-based system, or LCD display-based system. By these engineer activities, we
will be able to get a notification to the user appropriately. In addition, the user will be able
to lower the cost.

87
References

[1] R. Govindarajan and D. Vijayakumar, "Performance Analysis of Smart Energy

Monitoring Systems in Real-time," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science
Research, Vol. 10, No. 3, 2020, 5808-5813.

[2] J. A. Back and L. P. Tedesco, "An embedded system approach for energy monitoring
and analysis in industrial processes," University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil, Volume
115, Part 1, 15 November 2016, Pages 811-819.

[3] Kumaresan and Barathkumar, "SMART HOME: Energy Measurement and Analysis,
"School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology
Vellore, India, 2020.

[4] J. M. Pina, "Home Electric Energy Monitoring System: Design and Prototyping,"
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Monte de Caparica,
2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, pp. 437–444, 2011.

[5] P.E. Hertzog and A.J. Swart, "A customizable energy monitoring system for renewable
energy systems," Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,
Central University of Technology, South Africa, 2015, pp. 154–159.

[6] R. Pitarma, "Monitoring Energy Consumption System to Improve Energy Efficiency,"

Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, March 2017.

[7] V.Preethi, "Design and Implementation of smart energy meter, " Department of ECE
Vignan’s Lara Institute of Technology and Science Vadlamudi, Guntur.

[8] A.R. Al-Ali, "A Smart Home Energy Management System Using IoT and Big Data
Analytics Approach," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 63, No. 4,
November 2017.

88
[9] V. V. Garcia, E. L. Kagan, J. C. C. Amasifen, A. K. Suematsu. R. Hayashi, and L. B.
Chaves, "Sistema de Consultoria de Qualidade de Energia Eletrica" VIII Conferencia
Brasileira sobre Qualidade da Energia Eletrica, 2009 (in Portuguese).

[10] T. Ueno, F. Sano, O. Saeki and K. Tsuji, " Effectiveness of an energy-consumption

information system on energy savings in residential houses based on monitored
data,"Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, japan,2-1 Yamadaoka,Suita,
Osaka 565-0871,14 June 2005

[11] M. Pimple, S. Thapate, A. Nikiam, and S.Gadekar, “IOT Based Smart Energy Meter
Using ESP 32,” JPSM University, 3rd International Conference on Communication and
Information Processing (ICCIP-2021).

[12] R. Khwanrit, S. Kittipiyakul, J. Kudtonagngam and H. Fujita, "Accuracy Comparison

of Present Low-cost Current Sensors for Building Energy Monitoring," 2018
International Conference on Embedded Systems and Intelligent Technology &
International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for
Embedded Systems (ICESIT-ICICTES), 2018, pp – 1-6.

[13] M. R. Islam, S. Sarker, M. S. Mazumder, M. Rahman, “An IoT based Real-time Low
Cost Smart Energy Meter Monitoring System using Android Application,” Department
of Computer Science & Engineering, World University of Bangladesh, January 2020.

[14] J. Fletcher, & W. Malalasekera,“Development of a user-friendly, low-cost home energy

monitoring and recording system”. Energy, 111, 32-46 (2016).

[15] W. H. Kim, S. Lee, & J. Hwang, “Real-time energy monitoring and controlling system
based on Zigbee sensor networks”. Procedia Computer Science, 5, 794-797 (2011).

[16] https://projekter.aau.dk/projekter/files/281492832/Mini_project.pdf

[17] https://www.ecmag.com/section/residential/power-factor-and-panel-size-new-issues-
consider-fully-electrified-home

89
[18] https://www.tdk-
electronics.tdk.com/download/538136/a83adb78ab37061b0ff634404767ab18/pdf-
pfchomecapan102.pdf

90
Code:

double a=0;
double cval=1;
double Balance = 0;
double Balance75 = 0;
double Balance200 = 0;
double Balance300 = 0;
double Balance400 = 0;
double Balance600 = 0;
double Balancefinal = 0;
char customKey = 0;
String Day;
String Month;
String Year;
int initial_m = 0;
int current_m = 0;
int changes = 0;
int check = 0;

#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPLXlvgjoFt"

#define BLYNK_DEVICE_NAME "FYDP EMS"
#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "SDLDjTAvbFpImww2pqV-PrLFfGb1o0YK"

// Comment this out to disable prints and save space

//#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial

#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);
#include <Keypad.h>

//blynk+ wifi starts//

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>

char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN;

char ssid[] = "POCO X3 Pro";

char pass[] = "00000000";

// blynk pertially done//

//NTP for RTC

#include "NTP.h"

91
WiFiUDP wifiUdp;
NTP ntp(wifiUdp);
//NTP for RTC declaration

//keypad code//
#define ROW_NUM 4 // four rows
#define COLUMN_NUM 4 // four columns

char keys[ROW_NUM][COLUMN_NUM] =
{
{'1', '2', '3', 'A'},
{'4', '5', '6', 'B'},
{'7', '8', '9', 'C'},
{'*', '0', '#', 'D'}
};

byte pin_rows[ROW_NUM] = {13, 12, 14, 27}; // connect to the row pins
byte pin_column[COLUMN_NUM] = {26, 25, 33, 32}; // connect to the column pins

Keypad keypad = Keypad( makeKeymap(keys), pin_rows, pin_column, ROW_NUM,

COLUMN_NUM );

unsigned long loopCount;

unsigned long startTime;
String msg;

//keypad breaks//

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200);
lcd.init(); // initialize the lcd
lcd.backlight();

Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass); //Blynk

Blynk.run();

Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid);
WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {

delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
92
 Serial.println("Connected");
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Connected");

ntp.ruleDST("CEST", Last, Sun, Mar, 2, 360); // last sunday in march 2:00, timetone
+120min (+5 GMT + 1h summertime offset)
ntp.ruleSTD("CET", Last, Sun, Oct, 3, 300); // last sunday in october 3:00, timezone
+60min (+5GMT)
ntp.begin();
}

//keypad continue//
long getKeypadIntegerMulti()
{
int cnt = 7;
long value = 0; // the number accumulator
long keyvalue; // the key pressed at current moment
int isnum;

do
{Blynk.run();
keyvalue = keypad.getKey(); // input the key
isnum = (keyvalue >= '0' && keyvalue <= '9'); // is it a digit?
if (isnum)
{cnt++;

Serial.print(keyvalue - '0');
lcd.setCursor(cnt,0);
lcd.print(keyvalue - '0');
value = value * 10 + keyvalue - '0'; // accumulate the input number
}

} while (isnum || !keyvalue); // until not a digit or while no key pressed

return value;
}
//keypad partially end

void loop()
{
Blynk.run();

//keypad output with initial display

lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
93
 lcd.print("Balance:");

lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Press * to run");
int val= getKeypadIntegerMulti();

lcd.setCursor(8,0);
lcd.print(val);

Blynk.virtualWrite(V0,val," Taka");
Blynk.virtualWrite(V7,val);
Blynk.logEvent("Notification", "Balance has been recharged successfully");

//keypad ends

// balance calc
double pval= val*0.05; //5% vat
double mval= val-40.0-pval; //monthly bill deduction
double dload = mval-60.0; //sanction load/demand charge
// balance calc ends

for (int t = 1; t >= 1; t++)

{
Blynk.run();

//RTC using NTP

ntp.update();

//Serial.println(ntp.formattedTime("%d. %B %Y")); // dd. Mmm yyyy

//Serial.println(ntp.formattedTime("%A %T")); // Www hh:mm:ss

Day = ntp.formattedTime("%d");
Month = ntp.formattedTime("%m");
Year = ntp.formattedTime("%Y");
/*Serial.print(Day);
Serial.print(", ");
Serial.print(Month);
Serial.print(", ");
Serial.print(Year);
Serial.println("");
*/
//RTC code ends

//Monthwise calc
current_m = Month.toInt();

94
if(check == 0){
initial_m = current_m;
check = 1;
}

changes = current_m - initial_m;

if(changes == 0){
//No changes
}
else if(changes > 0){
Balance = Balance - 100;
check = 0;
}
//monthwise calc ends

//ACS
float result;
int readValue;
int maxValue = 0;
int minValue = 4096;

uint32_t start_time = millis();

while((millis()-start_time) < 1000) //sample for 1 Sec
{
readValue = analogRead(34);
// see if you have a new maxValue
if (readValue > maxValue)
{
/*record the maximum sensor value*/
maxValue = readValue;
}
if (readValue < minValue)
{
/*record the minimum sensor value*/
minValue = readValue;
}
}

// Subtract min from max

result = ((maxValue - minValue) * 5)/4096.0; //ESP32 ADC resolution 4096

if(result < 0.59){

result = 0;
}
else{
95
 result = result - 0.59;
}

//ACS ends

//calculations
cval = result;
Serial.println(cval);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V5,cval, " Amps");

double Power= (240*cval)/1000; //in KW

int cpower = Power * 1000;
Blynk.virtualWrite(V4,cpower, " watt");
Blynk.virtualWrite(V8,cpower);

double Energy= Power*(t/36);

int BlynkEnergy = Energy;
Blynk.virtualWrite(V3,BlynkEnergy, " KWh");

double Spent= a+Energy;

Balance75 = Balance;
Balance200 = Balance;
Balance300 = Balance;
Balance400 = Balance;
Balance600 = Balance;

if (Spent >= 0 && Spent < 76)

{
Balance75 = dload-(Spent*4.19);
Balance = Balance75;
}

else if (Spent > 75 && Spent < 201)

{
Balance200 = Balance75-((Spent-75)*5.72);
Balance = Balance200;
}

else if (Spent > 200 && Spent < 301)

{
Balance300 = Balance200-((Spent-200)*6.0);
Balance = Balance300;
}

else if (Spent > 300 && Spent < 401)

96
 {
Balance400 = Balance300-((Spent-300)*6.34);
Balance = Balance400;
}

else if (Spent > 400 && Spent < 601)

{
Balance600 = Balance400-((Spent-400)*9.94);
Balance = Balance600;
}

else {
Balancefinal= Balance600-((Spent-600)*11.46);
Balance = Balancefinal;
}

int BlynkBal = Balance;

// ratio calc
double Ratio = (Balance/dload)*100.0;
Blynk.virtualWrite(V2,Ratio);

//GSM continue

if (Ratio == 50.0)
{
Blynk.logEvent("Notification", "50% of Balance has been used");
//SendSMS();
}

else if (Ratio == 25.0)

{
Blynk.logEvent("Notification", "25% of Balance remaining");
//SendSMS();
}

else if (Ratio == 10.0)

{
Blynk.logEvent("Notification", "10% of Balance remaining, Recharge ASAP");
// SendSMS();
}

else if (Ratio == 5.0)

{
Blynk.logEvent("Notification", "You have 5% Left, Recharge Immediately");
97
 //SendSMS();
}

else if (Ratio == 0.0)

{
Blynk.logEvent("Notification", "No balance left");
//SendSMS();
}

//GSM partially ends

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("Left= ");

lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
lcd.print(Balance);
lcd.print(" TK");

Blynk.virtualWrite(V1,BlynkBal, " tk");

Blynk.virtualWrite(V7,Balance);

delay(1);

a = Spent; //for summing the energy

//ABCD control
customKey = keypad.getKey();

if (customKey)
{
Serial.println(customKey);
if(customKey == 'A')
{
Serial.println("Current Power Usage");
Serial.println();

lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
lcd.print("Power= ");

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(cpower);
}

else if(customKey == 'B')

{
Serial.println("Balance");
98
 Serial.println();

lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
lcd.print("Left= ");

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(Balance);
}

else if(customKey == 'C')

{
Serial.println("Total Energy Consumption");
Serial.println();

lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
lcd.print("Unit= ");

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(Energy);
}

else if(customKey == 'D')

{
lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
lcd.print(ntp.formattedTime("%d. %B %Y"));

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(ntp.formattedTime("%A %T"));

Serial.println(ntp.formattedTime("%d. %B %Y")); // dd. Mmm yyyy

Serial.println(ntp.formattedTime("%A %T")); // Www hh:mm:ss
}

else if(customKey == '#')

{
Serial.println("Back to Home");
Serial.println();

lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
lcd.print("Left= ");

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(Balance);
}

else if(customKey == '*')

99
 {
val = getKeypadIntegerMulti();
dload = val + Balance;
Balance = val + Balance;
double vat_deduct = val*0.05;
Balance = Balance - vat_deduct;

Blynk.virtualWrite(V0,val," Taka");
Blynk.logEvent("Notification", "Balance has been recharged successfully");
Serial.print("New= ");
Serial.println(Balance);
}
}
//ABCD control ends
}

100
Logbook:

Title: Smart Energy Monitoring System and Optimization of Energy

Consumption

Final Year Design Project (P) Summer 2021

Student Details NAME & ID EMAIL ADDRESS PHONE
Member 1 Arnab Sarkar [email protected] 01755058730
18321025

Member 2 Baizid Ahmed [email protected] 01778222801

18321031

Member 3 Md. Momenul Islam [email protected] 01704466928

Tuhin cu.ac.bd
18321034
Mahfuzur Rahman [email protected] 01782205566
d
18321035
Member 4

ATC Details:
ATC 4
Chair
Member 1 Dr. Mohammed Belal [email protected]
Hossain Bhuian

Member 2 Md. Mahmudul Islam [email protected]

101
Date/Time/ Attendee Summary of Meeting
Responsible Comment by ATC
Place Minutes
8.11.2021 1. Dr. Belal 1. How to find problem statement Task 1: Arnab, N/A as it was an
Bhuian Baizid, Tuhin, introductory meeting.
(4:45 – 2. Need to find stakeholders Mahfuz
5:45pm) 2. specifications
Mahmudul Task 2: Arnab,
ATC Meeting-1 3. Developing Ideas about Baizid, Tuhin,
Islam reverse engineering Mahfuz
3. Arnab Task 3: Arnab,
4. Baizid Baizid, Tuhin,
Mahfuz
5. Tuhin
6. Mahfuz

12.11.2021 1. Arnab 1. Share Ideas Task 1: Arnab,

Baizid, Tuhin,
(8:50– 2. Baizid 2. Gather information Mahfuz
10:50pm)
3. Tuhin 3. Identify a possible problem Task 2: Arnab,
Group Meet-1 Baizid, Tuhin,
4. Mahfuz
Mahfuz
Task 3: Arnab,
Baizid, Tuhin,
Mahfuz
16.11.2021 1. Dr. Belal 1.Need to finalize the title. Task 1: Arnab, More discussion on
Bhuian Baizid, Tuhin, topic selection,
(5:50 – 2.Need to finalize the problem Mahfuz Reverse Engineering
6:50pm) 2. statement. of solution to find
Mahmudul Task 2: Arnab, problem.
ATC Meeting-2 3.Need to prepare a draft concept Baizid, Tuhin,
Islam note Mahfuz
3. Arnab Task 3: Arnab,
4. Baizid Baizid, Mahfuz

5. Tuhin
6. Mahfuz
18.11.2021 1. Arnab 1. Preparation for 1st task 1:Arnab, Baizid Topic title is negative
presentation (Abdur Rahim Sir)

102
(11 – 1.10pm) 2. Baizid Add block diagrams
(Mohaimenul Sir)
Group Meet-2 3. Tuhin
Design Approach not
4. Mahfuz clear (Belal Sir)
Methodology not
added (Mohsin Sir)
22.11.2021 1. Arnab 1. Gathering ideas from feedback task1: Arnab, Baizid,
Tuhin, Mahfuz
(11 – 1.10pm) 2. Baizid 2. Literature Review collection
task2: Arnab
Group Meet-3 3. Tuhin
4. Mahfuz
1.12.2021 1. Dr. Belal 1.Need to finalize the title. task 1: Arnab, Title problem decided,
Bhuian Baizid, Tuhin,
(4:40 – 2.Need to finalize the problem Mahfuz Alternative design
5:40pm) 2. statement. approach techniques,
Mahmudul task 2: Arnab, Baizid
ATC Meeting-3 3.Need to prepare a draft concept Change Specification
Islam note task 3: Mahfuz, format,
Baizid, Arnab
3. Arnab Edit the title from
optimization to
4. Baizid notification system.
5. Tuhin
6. Mahfuz
1.12.2021 1. Arnab 1. Work Distribution task1: Arnab
(9:30 – 2. Baizid 2. Progress Planning task2: Baizid
11:30pm)
3. Tuhin
Group Meet-4
4. Mahfuz
2.12.2021 1.arnab 1. need to find more literature task 1: Arnab, Tuhin
review paper on our problem
(10.00am- 2. baizid task 2: Arnab,
11.00 am ) 2.need to complete the concept Baizid, Mahfuz
3. mahfuz note
group meet -5
4. tuhin
4.12.2021 1.arnab 1.collect research papers task 1: Arnab,
Baizid, Tuhin
(11.00pm- 2. baizid 2.shared our collected papers
12.12am) with group mates . task 2: Arnab,
3. mahfuz Baizid, Tuhin,
group meet-6 Mahfuz

103
5.12.2021 1.arnab 1.discussion on concept note task 1: Arnab, (feedback given on
Baizid, Tuhin, concept note via e-
(2.30pm- 2. baizid 2.discussion on literature review Mahfuz 2: Arnab, mail)
4.00pm) paper . Mahfuz, Baizid
3. mahfuz Add system
group meet-7 3. discussion about project Tuhin (partially
4. tuhin completed) specification
related components.
task 3: Arnab, Title edit
Baizid, Mahfuz

6.12.21 1. Baizid 1. discussion about project task 1: Arnab 2:

related components. Baizid, Mahfuz
(10.00pm- 2. Mahfuz (partially completed)
2. finding constraints
12.00pm) 3. Tuhin task 3: Mahfuz,
3. Specs and Requirements Arnab, Baizid
Group meet-8
(partially completed)

7.12.2021 1. Baizid 1. finding constraints task 1: Baizid,

Mahfuz, Arnab
(7.00pm - 2. Mahfuz 2. Specs and Requirements
9.00pm task 2: Arnab, Baizid
3. Arnab
4. Tuihn
29.12.2021 1. Baizid 1. Gantt chart task1: Arnab
(11.00pm- 2. Arnab 2. Literature review summary task2: Arnab, Baizid,
3.00am) Mahfuz
3. Mahfuz 3. Discussion on draft proposal
Group meet-9 report task3: Arnab, Baizid
29.12.2021 1. Arnab 1. Gantt Chart task1: Arnab (400P)
(11.00AM- 2. Baizid 2. Discussion on draft proposal task2: Baizid, Tuhin
report (400D)
1.00PM) 3. Mahfuz
task3: Mahfuz
Group meet-10 4. Tuhin (400C)
31.12.2021 1. Baizid 1. Discussion on final proposal task1: Arnab Designs not in sync
(Design01) with the project title.
(2.00pm - 2. Arnab 2. Design approach
5.00pm) task2: Arnab Safety and Ethical
(Design02) considerations not
Group meet-11 mentioned clearly.
task3: Baizid
(Design03)
1.1.2022 1. Baizid 1. Discussion on final proposal task1: Arnab, Baizid,
Tuhin, Mahfuz
(9.00 am - 2. Arnab 2. Gantt Chart
2.00pm) task2: Mahfuz
3. Mahfuz (partially completed)

104
Group Meet-12
2.1.2022 1. Mahfuz 1. Final Proposal_draft task1: Arnab, Baizid
(4.00pm- 2. Baizid 2. Gantt Chart task2: Tuhin,
12.00am) Mahfuz
3. Arnab
Group Meet-13
4. Tuhin
3.1.2022 1.Baizid 1. Final Proposal report_draft task1: Arnab, Baizid,
Tuhin, Mahfuz
(3:30pm- 2.Mahfuz
7:00pm)
Group Meet-14
4.1.2022 1. Dr. Belal 1.Feedback for proposal Draft Specification editing,
Bhuian Separate points for
(11.00am- constraints and risk
2. management, Design
2.00pm) Mahmudul Comparison
ATC Meeting-4 Islam
3. Arnab
4. Baizid
5. Tuhin
6. Mahfuz
5.1.2022 1. Mahfuz 1.Final report task1: Arnab, Baizid,
Tuhin, Mahfuz
(12.00am 2. Baizid 2. Slide compilation
task2: Arnab, Baizid,
-2.00pm) 3. Arnab Mahfuz
Group Meet-15 4. Tuhin

105
 Final Year Design Project (D) Spring 2022
Student NAME & ID EMAIL ADDRESS PHONE
Details
Member 1 Arnab Sarkar [email protected]. 0175505873
ac.bd 0
Member 2 Baizid Ahmed [email protected] 0177822280
.ac.bd 1
Member 3 Md. Momenul Islam md.momenul.islam.tuh 0170446692
Tuhin [email protected] 8
Mahfuzur Rahman [email protected] 0178220556
Member 4 racu.ac.bd 6
ATC Details:
ATC 4

Member 1 Dr. Mohammed Belal [email protected].

(Chair) Hossain Bhuian bd
Member 2 Abdullah Hil Kafi [email protected].
bd
Member 3 Mahmudul Islam mahmudul.islam@brac
u.ac.bd

106
Date/Time Attendee Summary of Meeting
Responsible Comment by ATC
/Place Minutes
02.02.2022 1.Arnab 1. Discussion on Design Task 2: Everyone N/A as it was an
Approaches. introductory meeting.
2.Baizid Task 3: To be asked
2.Assign Background Research in ATC meeting
3.Tuhin and Component Comparison
4. Mahfuz 3.Subsystem Planning
06.02.2022 1.Arnab 1.Disscussion on software Task 2: Everyone-
(Modern IT Tools) partially completed
2.Baizid
2.Review on Background Task3: Everyone-
3.Tuhin Research (Projects similar to ours) completed
4. Mahfuz 3. Making Slide to show progress
to ATC
08.02.2022 1. Belal Sir 1.Detailed Overview of 400D Task3: Everyone-
Completed
2. Arnab 2.Discussion on what to do to
avoid losing marks Task4: Everyone-
3.Baizid Completed
3.Slide Presented to ATC Panel
4.Tuhin
4. Queries asked
5. Mahfuz
10.02.2022 1.Arnab 1. Discussion of Project COs Task1: Task 1: Completed
(dividing the tasks to identify the Arnab-CO5, CO9,
2.Baizid terms) CO11 Task 2: Completed
3.Tuhin 2. Software Analysis/Review Baizid- CO9, CO11, Task 3: Incomplete
4. Mahfuz (Researching the advantages and CO13
disadvantages of several
softwares) Tuhin- CO9, CO11,
CO15
3. Creating Survey form
Mahfuz- CO6, CO9,
CO15 ()
Task 2: Everyone -
completed
Task 3: Mahfuz,
Tuhin
13.02.2022 1.Arnab 1. Progress discussion on Task 1: Arnab- Task 1: Partially
assigned tasks partially done completed
2.Baizid
2. Creating Survey form Baizid- partially done Task 2: Incomplete
3.Tuhin Tuhin- not started yet

107
 4. Mahfuz Mahfuz- Done
Task 2: Mahfuz,
Tuhin, Baizid
18.02.2022 1.Arnab 1. CO term discussion Task 2: Everyone Task1: Completed
2.Baizid 2. Software review Task 3: Mahfuz Task 2: Partially
completed
3.Tuhin 3. Creating Survey form
Task 3: Partially
4. Mahfuz completed
20.02.2022 1.Arnab 1. Completing Survey form Task1: Arnab, Baizid Task 1: Completed
2.Baizid

23.02.2022 1.Arnab 1.CO Analysis Task1: Everyone-

Completed
2.Baizid 2.Software Review
Task 2: Everyone-
3.Tuhin 3.Collecting Equations for Project Partially completed
4. Mahfuz 4. Gantt Chart Task 3: Arnab, Baizid-
Partially completed
Task 4: Mahfuz,
Tuhin- Partially
completed
24.02.2022 1.Arnab 1.Software Review Task1: Everyone-
completed
2.Baizid 2.Collecting Equations for Project
Task 2: Arnab, Baizid-
3.Tuhin 3. Gantt Chart Partially completed
4. Mahfuz 4.WBS Structure Task3: Mahfuz,
5.Simulation Arnab, Baizid-
Completed
Task 4: Arnab, Baizid,
Tuhin- Completed
Task 5: Mahfuz,
Tuhin- In progress
(Design3)

25.02.2022 1.Arnab 1.Progress Slide Task1: Everyone-

completed
2.Baizid 2.Survey Response Review
Task2: Arnab, Baizid,
3.House Model Plan Mahfuz- Completed

108
 4.Simulation Task3: Arnab, Baizid-
Completed
5.Software Comparison
Task 4: Mahfuz,
Tuhin- In progress
(Design3)
Task 5: Baizid-
Completed

26.02.2022 1. Belal Sir 1. Progress Update Task1: Everyone- 1.Redo Survey based
Completed on pre-paid system.
2.Mahmudul 2. Queries on CO and Software
Sir Task2: Asked 2.Detailed flowchart for
3. Queries about Upcoming alternative designs to
3. Arnab Presentation Task3: Asked be shown.
4.Baizid 3.Collect all required
5.Tuhin equations to identify
variables.
6. Mahfuz
4.Change House Plan
to a smaller design
5.Work on data
collection from Arduino
part.

27.02.2022 1.Arnab 1.Creating new Survey Form Task1: Arnab, Baizid-

Completed
2.Baizid
28.02.2022 1.Arnab 1. Recheck Survey form Task1: Everyone-
Completed
2.Baizid 2. Review Survey feedback
Task2: Everyone-
3.Mahfuz 3.Slide Preparation Partially Completed
Task3: Mahfuz,
Baizid- Partially
completed
01.03.2021 1.Baizid 1. Prepare Slide for Progress Task1: Mahfuz,
presentation Baizid- Partially done
2.Mahfuz
2. Simulation Progress Task2: Mahfuz, Baizid
-In Progress
02.03.2022 1.Arnab 1. Prepare Slide for Progress Task1: Everyone –
presentation completed
2.Baizid

109
 3.Tuhin 2. Simulation Progress Task2: Mahfuz – In
Progress
4.Mahfuz 3. Slide update mailed to ATC
Task3: Arnab -
completed
05.03.2022 1.Arnab 1. Simulation Progress presented Task1: Update given 1.Include Slab
to Belal Sir Calculations.
2.Mahfuz
2.Look into energy
rates for peak and off-
peak hours.
08.03.2022 1.Arnab 1.Discussed design approach with 1.Using relay to take
Mohaimenul Sir. readings for voltage
2. Baizid sensor.
2.Present test cases to
run simulation.
24.03.2022 1.Arnab 1.Discussed and reformed Task1: Completed
progress plan.
2.Baizid Task2:Baizid, Tuhin-
2. Update on Design approach 2 Partially done
3.Tuhin
4.Mahfuz
30.03.2022 1.Arnab 1.Update on Design approach 1 Task1:Mahfuz-
Updated
2.Baizid 2.Update on Design approach 2
Task2:Tuhin-No
3.Tuhin 3.Update on Design approach 3 update
4.Mahfuz Task3:Baizid, Arnab,
Mahfuz- Updated
05.04.2022 1.Arnab 1.Update on Design approach 1 Task1:Mahfuz-
Updated
2.Baizid 2.Update on Design approach 3
Task2:Baizid, Arnab,
3.Mahfuz 3.Task assigned for finding Mahfuz- Updated
equations, app development
Task3: Assigned
07.04.2022 1.Arnab 1. Collect and evaluate all Task1: Baizid, Arnab -
calculations to show energy cost Completed
2. Baizid and tariff.
Task 2: Mahfuz -
3. Mahfuz 2. Update Design Approach 2 Updated
08.04.2022 1. Belal Sir 1. Show Progress Task1- Completed 1.Use Xbee to show
wireless
2.Mahmudul 2. Discuss problems on Design Task 2- Completed communication
Sir approach 1
Task 3- Completed

110
 3. Arnab 3. Discuss problem for tariff 2. Use nested loop for
calculation the tariff calculations.
4.Baizid
5.Tuhin
6. Mahfuz

09.04.2022 1.Arnab 1. Design Approach 1 Xbee Task 1- Arnab,Baizid-

update No Update as Xbee
2.Baizid block is a dummy
2. Design Approach 2 relay switch block
3.Tuhin update
4.Mahfuz Task 2- Mahfuz,
3. Design Approach 3 calculation Tuhin- Updated
update
Task 3- Mahfuz,
Baizid- Updated
14.04.2022 1.Arnab 1. Calculation Modifications Task 1- Baizid-
Modified
2. Baizid 2. Code Update
Task 2- Mahfuz,
3. Mahfuz Arnab- Updated
17.04.2022 1.Arnab 1. Update design approach 1 and Task 1- Arnab-
3 Updated
2. Baizid
2. Report Update Task 2-Baizid-
3. Mahfuz Partially Updated
20.04.2022 1.Arnab 1. Report Update Task 1- Baizid, Tuhin,
Mahfuz- Partially
2.Baizid 2. Final Presentation Slide Updated
3.Tuhin Task 2-Arnab, Baizid-
4.Mahfuz Partially Updated

23.04.2022 1.Arnab 1. Report Update Task 1- Partially done

2.Baizid
3.Tuhin
4.Mahfuz
24.04.2022 1.Arnab 1. Test case for 3 design Task 1- Completed
approach
2.Tuhin Task 2- Partially Done
2. Finding error for all designs
3.Mahfuz Task 3- Completed
3. Draft Report submission

111
27.04.2022 1. Belal Sir 1. Update Slide on feedback Task 1-Completed 1.Survey results not
needed in final
2.Mahmudul presentation
Sir
2. Update design
3. Arnab comparison based on
4.Baizid separate criteria

5.Tuhin
6. Mahfuz
28.04.2022 EEE400D 1. Final Presentation Task 1- Completed 1.Add notification
(All ATC system to reduce
Panel and electricity wastage.
stedents)
2. Predict monthly
expense based on
previous usage.

112
 Final Year Design Project (C) Summer 2022
Student Details NAME & ID EMAIL ADDRESS PHONE
Member 1 Arnab Sarkar _18321025 [email protected] 01755058730
d
Member 2 Baizid Ahmed _18321031 [email protected]. 01778222801
bd
Member 3 MD. Momenul Islam Tuhin md.momenul.islam.tuhin@ 01704466928
_18321034 g.bracu.ac.bd
Mahfuzurur Rahman _18321035 [email protected] 01782205566
Member 4 cu.ac.bd

ATC Details:
ATC 4

Member 1 Dr. Mohammed Belal Hossain Bhuian [email protected]

(Chair)
Member 2 Abdullah Hil Kafi [email protected]
Member 3 Mahmudul Islam [email protected]
.bd

113
Date/Time/ Attendee Summary of Meeting
Responsible Comment by ATC
Place Minutes
29.05.2022 1.Arnab 1. Need to make floor plan Task 1: Baizid N/A as it was an
electrical Layout introductory meeting.
(Online 2.Baizid Task 2: Arnab
Meeting) 2. Find papers on home electricity
meters
03.06.2022 1.Arnab 1. Floor plan initial electrical Task 1:Baizid
system layout (Partially done)
(Online 2.Baizid
Meeting) 2. Selecting safety devices for the Task 2: Arnab
protection of the system (Completed)

04.06.2022 1. Arnab 1. Complete the floor electrical Task 1: Arnab

layout (Completed)
(Physical 2. Baizid
Meeting/Thesis 2. Component specification and Task 2: Baizid
LAB, UB5) 3. Mahfuzurur current price listing (Completed)
3. System Layout Design Task 3:
Mahfuzurur
(partially done)
05.06.2022 1. Kafi Sir 1. Show the floor electrical layout Task1: Everyone 1. Check ESP instead
of Arduino as MCU
ATC Meeting 2. Arnab 2. Show component specification Task2: Everyone
2. Gather information
3. Baizid 3. System Layout Design Task3: Everyone about the server
(Physical 4. Mahfuzurur accessing meter data
Meeting/LASS from SSL.
ET LAB, UB4) 3. Check online
messaging procedures.
4. Show a complete
system block diagram.
09.06.20 1. Belal Sir 1. Study the COs and POs Task1: Everyone 1. Explained the COs
ATC Meeting 2. Mahmudul 2. Update about the project Task2: Everyone 2. Provide Literature
Sir progress review in the next
meeting
3. Arnab
(Physical 3. Full System block
Meeting/Belal 4. Baizid diagram to be shown
Sir’s Room, next week.
UB5) 5. Mahfuzurur
4. Gantt Chart

114
12.06.2022 1. Arnab 1. Full system diagram update Task 1: Arnab
(Partially done)
(Physical 2. Baizid 2. Update the Gantt chart for
Meeting/ LAB, 400C Task 2: Baizid
UB4) (Partially done)
13.06.2022 1. Arnab 1. Full system diagram update Task 1: Arnab
(Partially done)
(Physical 2. Baizid 2. Update the Gantt chart for
Meeting/ LAB, 400C Task 2: Baizid
UB4) (Partially done)
13.06.2022 1. Arnab 1. Full system diagram update Task 1: Arnab
(Completed)
(Physical 2. Baizid 2. Update the Gantt chart for
Meeting/ LAB, 400C Task 2: Baizid
UB4) (Partially done)
16.06.2022 1. Belal Sir 1. Component Listing and Pricing Task 1: Baizid, Update on Block
Arnab, Mahfuzur diagram, Gantt chart,
ATC Meeting 2. Arnab 2. Gantt Chart Update (Completed) and literature to be
3. Baizid 3. Market Survey and Component shown in the following
Task 2: Tuhin ATC meeting.
Purchasing (Partially done)
(Physical 4. Mahfuzurur
Meeting/Belal Task 3: Arnab,
Sir’s Room, 5. Tuhin
Baizid, Tuhin
UB5) (Partially done)
19.06.2022 1. Arnab 1. Gantt chart Update Task 1: Mahfuzur,
Arnab
2. Baizid 2. Task distribution (Research (Completed)
Work, Inrush current reducing
(Physical 3. Mahfuzur system, Back-up power system, Task 2: Arnab
Meeting/ LAB, Component listing for house (Completed)
UB4) model)
Task 3: Baizid
3. Maintaining Component Bill (Partially Done)
sheet
20.06.2022 1. Baizid 1. Maintaining Component Bill Task 1: Baizid, [ Note from SSL
sheet Arnab Wireless:
2. Arnab (Completed)
2. Contact SSL Wireless for Data Mail Operation
(Online transferring System information Task 2: Baizid management for further
Meeting) (Partially Done) details]
28.06.2022 1. Baizid 1. House Model plan component Task 1: Baizid,
selection. Arnab
2. Arnab (Completed)
2. Component listing for purchase
(Physical Task 2: Baizid,
Meeting/ LAB, Arnab (Done)
UB4)

115
30.06.2022 1.Belal Sir 1. ESP connection with Blynk Task 1: Mahfuzur Mock presentation on
(Partially done) Breadboard model,
ATC Meeting 2.Arnab 2. Market survey Final presentation must
Task 2: Arnab, be done using PCB
3.Baizid Baizid, Tuhin design. [Speak with Kafi
(Physical 4.Mahfuzurur (Completed) Sir regarding algorithm]
Meeting/Belal
Sir’s Room, 5.Tuhin
UB5)
01.07.2022 1. Arnab 1. Slide Preparation Task 1: Everyone
(Partially Done)
2. Baizid 2. Voltage sensor Calibration
Task 2: Everyone
(Physical 3. Mahfuzur 3. Current Sensor calibration (Partially Done)
Meeting/
Arnab’s 4. System Integration Task 3: Arnab,
House) Mahfuzur
(Partially Done)
Task 4: Arnab
Mahfuzur
(Partially Done)
EID Vacation & MID Week- Hence no meetings were held during this time
21.07.2022 1. Arnab 1. Material purchasing for Demo Task 1: Everyone
House Model (Completed)
2. Baizid
2. Demo House Model building Task 2: Arnab,
(Physical 3. Mahfuzur Baizid
Meeting/ (Completed)
Arnab’s
House)
26.07.2022 1. Arnab 1. Sensor Data read from House Task 1: Arnab,
model (Current Sensor) Baizid
2. Baizid (Completed-
2. Slide Update for Progress Sensors need
(Physical Presentation
Meeting/UB5, more calibration)
Thesis LAB) Task 2: Baizid
(Partially Done)
27.07.2022 1. Arnab 1. Sensor Data read from House Task 1: Everyone
model (Completed)
(Physical 2. Baizid
Meeting/ 2. Slide Update for Progress Task 2: Everyone
Arnab’s 3. Mahfuzur Presentation (Completed)
House) 4. Tuhin
28.07.2022 Progress Presentation

116
30.07.2022 1. Arnab 1. Report Preparation of the Task 1: Everyone
progress Update (Completed)
(Online 2. Baizid
Meeting)
3. Mahfuzur
03.08.2022 1. Belal Sir 1. Progress Update Task 1: Everyone 1. Current sensor
calibration - Check for
ATC Meeting 2. Arnab 2. Problem Discussion Task 3: Everyone load readings using a
3. Baizid multimeter and
compare them with
(Physical 4. Mahfuzur ACS712 sensor
Meeting/Belal readings.
Sir’s Room,
UB5) 2. Compare AC current
sensor (SCT013) data
with DC current sensor
(ACS712) data and
verify which type of
sensor gives precise
readings.
3. Tariff calculation:
Show block diagram
Show flow chart of tariff
calculation.
4. Show App flow
diagram.
5. Literature review on
Residential Power
factor(PF=1)
6. Test case on power
factor to show the
fluctuation effect on the
energy consumption.
(Tariff calculation by
considering PF=1 and if
PF<1)
6. Explaining why our
targeted stakeholders
need our system? - our
targeted stakeholder is
lower middle-class
families
7. Verifying sensor
output readings with the

117
 watt meter to compare it
with the real house
system.
04.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Revise Progress Planning Task 1: Arnab-
Completed
(Physical 2. Baizid Task 2: Remodeling Demo
Meeting/UB5, House-plan Task 2: Arnab-
Thesis LAB) Partially
Task 3: Logic for SMS Complete
Task 3: Arnab-
Partially
Complete
06.08.2022 1. Baizid Task 1: Component Purchase Task 1: Baizid,
Mahfuzur -
2. Mahfuzur Completed
09.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Sensor Calibration Task 1: Arnab,
Mahfuzur-
2. Baizid Task 2: GSM connection Completed
(Physical 3. Mahfuzur Task 3: Blynk Notification System Task 2: Arnab-
Meeting/UB5, (GSM not
Thesis LAB) receiving power)
Task 3:
Mahfuzur-
Completed
11.08.2022 1.Belal Sir Task 1: Progress Update Task 1: Everyone 1. Add sensor
(Completed) calibration in report.
ATC Meeting 2. Mahmudul
Sir 2. Show tariff
calculation as a
3.Arnab flowchart.
(Physical
Meeting/Belal 4.Baizid 3. Real-time Voltage vs
Sir’s Room, Peak voltage
UB5) 5.Mahfuzurur
comparison.
6.Tuhin
4. Keypad button
control set-up
5. Web Scraping
literature Review
6. Proper Economical
Analysis
14.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Task 1: Baizid,
Arnab (Patially
2. Baizid done)

118
(Online
Meeting)
16.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Task 1: Baizid,
Arnab (Patially
(Online 2. Baizid Task 2: Flow-chart of tariff done)
Meeting) calculation
Task 2: Arnab
(Completed)
18.08.2022 1.Belal Sir Task 1: Tariff calculation Task 1: Arnab 1. Show the data
flowchart. (Completed) comparison between
ATC Meeting 2.Arnab Real-time Voltage vs
Task 2: Web Scraping Literature Task 2: Baizid, Peak voltage
3.Baizid Review Arnab
(Physical 4.Tuhin (Completed) 2. Skip values for inrush
Task 3: Updated House Model current when showing
Meeting/Belal design of Prototype Task 3: Baizid,
Sir’s Room, data for sensor
Arnab (Updated) calibration.
UB5) Task 4: Peak Voltage vs Actual
Voltage Task 4: Mahfuzur, 3. Update Economical
Tuhin (not done) Analysis.

119
21.08.2022 1. Kafi Sir Task 1: Algorithm check for the Task 1: Arnab 1. Work on the
system (Update Given) notification System for
(Physical 2. Arnab the Blynk App
Meeting/UB4,
LASSET LAB)

22.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Task 1: Baizid,

Arnab (Updated)
(Physical 2. Baizid Task 2: Voltage data obtained and
Meeting/UB5, compared (Real-time vs Peak Task 2: Arnab,
Thesis LAB) Voltage) Baizid
(Completed)
24.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Task 1: Baizid,
Tuhin (Updated
2. Baizid Task 2: System Integration and by Baizid)
further Testing
(Physical 3. Tuhin Task 2: Arnab
Meeting/ Task 3: House Model Wiring (Partially Done)
Arnab’s House)
Task 3: Arnab,
Baizid (Partially
Done)
25.08.2022 1. Belal SirTask 1: Data comparison of Voltage Task 1: Arnab 1.Since the difference is
data obtained (Real-time vs Peak (Update Given) very little, work with
Additional 2. Mahmudul Voltage) peak voltage value for
Consultation Sir Task 2: Tuhin (No calculations, Show real-
Task 2: Draft Report update done) time voltage in the App.
3. Arnab
(Physical 4. Tuhin
Meeting/Belal
Sir’s Room,
UB5)
26.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Calculation Re-check Task 1: Arnab,
Baizid
2. Baizid Task 2: System Integration and (Completed)
wiring check
(Physical Task 2: Arnab,
Meeting/ Task 3: House-Model Wiring Baizid
Arnab’s House) (Completed)
Task 4: Draft Report Update
Task 3: Arnab
(Completed)
Task 4: Baizid
(Updated)
27.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Update Task 1: Arnab,
Baizid (Updated)
2. Baizid Task 2: Presentation Slide

120
(Physical 3. Mahfuz Task 3: Observation of data for Task 2: Mahfuz
Meeting/ anomaly (Partially done)
Arnab’s House)
Task 3: Baizid
(Values Noted)
28.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Update Task 1: Arnab,
Baizid (Updated)
2. Baizid Task 2: Observation of data for
anomaly Task 2: Arnab
(Physical (Values Noted)
Meeting/
Arnab’s House)
30.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Update Task 1: Arnab,
Baizid (Updated)
(Physical 2. Baizid Task 2: Observation of data for
Meeting/ anomaly Task 2: Tuhin
Arnab’s House) 3. Mahfuzur (Values Noted)
Task 3: Presentation Slide
4. Tuhin Task 3: Mahfuzur,
Task 4: Blynk Notification System Tuhin (No
Update Update)
Task 4: Mahfuzur
(Updated)
31.08.2022 1. Arnab Task 1: Draft Report Update Task 1: Arnab,
Baizid (Updated)
2. Baizid Task 2: Observation of data for
anomaly Task 2: Arnab
3. Mahfuzur (Values
Task 3: Presentation Slide Tabulated)
4. Tuhin
Task 4: Blynk Notification System Task 3: Arnab
Update (Completd)
Task 4: Mahfuzur
(Completed)
01.08.2022 FYDP C Final Presentation and Project Showcasing

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