Fill in the blanks

1. the option in Microsoft Windows XP used for helping users with physical disabilities and to reduce
repetitive strain is Sticky Key.

2. Sound Sentry is designed to help users with Auditory impairments.

3. the High Contrast option in Microsoft Windows XP is designed to assist people with Vision impairments.

4.Serial Key is designed to assist people that have difficulty using a keyboard or a mouse.

Q1 Define accessibility in terms of computer technology?

Ans.: Computer accessibility refers to making technology more user friendly regardless of any disability.

Q2. Mention four types of disability or impairment which affect the compute accessibility.

Ans: Visual impairments, Hearing impairments or feafness, motor or dexterity impairments and speech –
language impairment.

Q3. What is sound sentry?

Ans: sound sentry is designed to help users with auditory impairments. You can get visual cues instead of
sound alerts in windows by changing your settings.

Q4. Define data encryption?

Ans: Encryption scrambles data and is used to protect information that is being held on a computer, copied
onto CDs or DVDs or transmitted over a network . it uses technologies such as virtual private networks
and secure socket layers.

Q. What is sticky key?

Ans: Sticky Keys Sticky Keys is an accessibility feature to help computer users with physical disabilities,
but it is also used by others as a means to reduce repetitive strain. Sticky Keys allows the user to press
and release a modifier key, such as Shift, Ctrl, Alt, or the
Windows key, and have it remain active until any other key is pressed.

Q. What is Filter Keys?

Ans: Filter Keys is a feature of Microsoft Windows. it is an accessibility function that tells the keyboard
to ignore brief or repeated keystrokes, making typing easier for people with hand tremors.

Q. What is ToggleKeys?

Ans: ToggleKeys is also a feature of Microsoft Windows. it is an accessibility function which is designed
for people who have vision impairment or cognitive disabilities. When toggleKeys is turned on,
computer emits sound cues when the locking keys (Caps Lock, num Lock, or Scroll Lock) are pressed. A
high sound is emitted when the keys are switched on and a low sound is emitted when they are
switched off.

Q. What is Sound Tab ?

Select the Sound tab. A window with options to configure accessibility options for sound is displayed.

Q. What is Sound Sentry?

Sound Sentry is designed to help users with auditory impairments. Sound Sentry generates visual
warnings, such as a blinking title bar or a flashing border, whenever the computer generates a sound.

Q. What is Show Sounds?

ShowSounds instructs applications that convey information by sound, to also provide information
visually, through text captions or informative icons.

Q. What is Display Tab ?

Select the Display tab. A window with options to configure accessibility options for display is displayed.

Q. What is High Contrast?

High Contrast is an accessibility feature to assist people with vision impairment. You can change the size
and color of fonts and the background for ease of viewing.Q.

What is SerialKeys

SerialKeys is an accessibility feature that assists people that have difficulty using a
keyboard or a mouse (or both). they can use special devices such as Sip, Puff and
Breath Switches to provide input to the computer through Serial Ports

i. Fill in the blanks:

[

1. the acronym for LAn is Local Area Network.

2. three types of Wired internet Connectivity are Dial UP ,DSL & Inernet Cable Access..
3. three types of Wireless internet Connectivity are 3G ,WiFi & WiMax.
ii. Answer the following:

SESSION 2: NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS

Q: What is Computer Network.

Ans: A computer network is a collection of computers and other hardware components interconnected
by communication channels (cables or satellites) that allow sharing of resources and information. this
session introduces you to the basic fundamental concepts of networking and internet and using different
types of internet connection.

Q: What is Peer-to Peer Network?

Ans: Peer-to-peer (P2P) Networks in which all computers have an equal status are called peer to peer
networks. Generally in such a network each terminal has an equally competent CPU.

Q: What is Client-Server Architecture?

Ans: Networks in which certain computers have special dedicated tasks, providing services to other
computers (in the network) are called client server networks. the computer(s) which provide services are
called servers and the ones that use these services are called clients.

Q: What is Local Area Network?

Ans : A local area network (LAN) is one which connects computers and devices in a limited geographical
area such as home, school, computer laboratory, office building, or
closely positioned group of buildings.

Q: What is Wide Area Network ?

Ans: A wide area network (WAN) is one which covers a broad area across metropolitan, regional, or
national boundaries. the internet is the most popular WAn, and is used by businesses, governments,
non-profit organizations, individual consumers, artists, entertainers, and many
others.
Q: What is Internet?
Ans: internet the internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard
internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide. it is a network of networks that consists of
millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks.

Q: What is World Wide Web?

Ans: World Wide Web World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via
the internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and
other multimedia, and navigate between them via hyperlinks.

Q: What is the advantages of Networkig?

Ans: Data Sharing: , Hardware Sharing: internet Access Sharing: Usage of network based applications:

Q: What is Internet Service Provider ?

Ans: An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization which
provides you with
access to the Internet via a dial-up (using modem) or direct (hard wired) or wireless
connection.

Q: What is a Modem?
Ans: A modem is a device that converts digital computer signals into a form (analog signals) that can
travel over phone lines. it also re-converts the analog signals back into digital signals. the word modem
is derived from its function MOdulator/DEModulator.

Q: What are the Types of internet connectivity?

Ans: categorized into wired and wireless:
Dial-Up , DSL & Cable internet Access are Wired Internet connection , While 3G , 4G, WiMAX ,& Wi-Fi
are Wireless.

1. What is the definition of networking?

Ans: A computer network is a group of computers that use a set of common communication protocols
over digital interconnections for the purpose of sharing resources located on or provided by the
network nodes.

2. What are the advantages of networking?

Ans : Advantages of computer networking

Main benefits of networks include:

File sharing – you can easily share data between different users, or access it remotely if you keep
it on other connected devices.

Resource sharing – using network-connected peripheral devices like printers, scanners and
copiers, or sharing software between multiple users, saves money.

Sharing a single internet connection – it is cost-efficient and can help protect your systems if you
properly secure the network.
Increasing storage capacity – you can access files and multimedia, such as images and music,
which you store remotely on other machines or network-attached storage devices.

3. What are the different types of networking?

Ans: 11 Types of Networks in Use Today
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Local Area Network (LAN)
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
Campus Area Network (CAN)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)

4. Explain LAn and WAn.

Ans : A LAN (local area network) is a group of computers and network devices connected
together, usually within the same building. ... A WAN connects several LANs, and may be limited
to an enterprise (a corporation or an organization) or accessible to the public. The technology is
high speed and relatively expensive.

Fill in the blanks:

1. Instant Messages is a form of communication over the internet that offers an instantaneous
transmission of text-based messages from sender to receiver.

2. Microphone , Headsets & Speaker & Web Camera are required for audio and video
conferencing.

Q: What is Instant Messaging?

Ans: instant messaging (iM) is a form of communication over the internet that offers an instantaneous
transmission of text-based messages from sender to receiver.

Q: What are the key features of instant Messaging?

Ans: Key Features of an instant messaging are as follows:

• Text Messages can be sent to one or more person
• Audio calling and conferencing.
• Video calling and conferencing.
• File transfers
• Message history (Save messages for future reference).

Q: What are the different types of Instant Messaging Software? Name them with Examples
Ans: Instant messaging software are two types
Application based and Web based.
• Application based instant messaging software is downloaded and
installed on user’s computer.
Some of the popular instant messaging software are:
• Google Talk
• Yahoo Messenger
• Skype
•Windows Live Messenger
• Rediff Bol,
 • Web based instant messaging software is accessed using
browsers such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google
Chrome, etc.
Some of the popular web based instant messaging software are:
• Meebo
• Yahoo! Messenger for the Web
• MSN Web Messenger
•IMO, etc

Answer the following:

1. State any 03 rules and etiquettes to be followed while chatting on the internet.
Ans: there are some general rules and etiquettes to be followed while chatting.
they are almost the same as those that apply for emails.
• Messages should be short and to the point.
• Always introduce yourself by name if your screen
name doesn’t reflect it.
• Always ask if the other person has time to chat
first - regardless of how important you think what you
have to say is, it’s not going to be well received if the recipient is busy.
• In a business environment, know exactly what you
want to discuss.
• Typing your messages in uppercase is extremely rude
- it’s considered shouting and very aggressive.
• Give people time to respond - Multiple questions
sent to a recipient before they’ve had a
chance to answer can seem more like an interrogation rather than a
conversation.
• Wherever possible, give the person you are
communicating with your undivided attention. It’s not just a
sign of respect, but if you have multiple conversations happening or are
allowing other issues to distract you, you may miss an important point in
the other person’s messages or lose the gist of the conversation.
• It’s important to properly end an IM conversation
- you may think the chat is over, but the other
person may not. While you’re off doing other things, they may be sitting
there staring at the screen waiting for further communication from you!!
2. What are the basic needs to use instant messaging (chat) softwares.
Ans: Instant messaging software is a text based tool that allows users to share their
conversation over their computer or mobile device by sending short messages
through the internet. IM is differ from the chat it allows users to participate in a
real time conversation, where the other users can able to sees conversation said
by others. The widely used IM software such as AIM, Yahoo messenger, and MSN.
For using IM software we need internet, computer or mobile device.

Answer the following:

1. Explain the purpose of a blog.
Ans: A blog is a discussion style site used by non-technical (or technical users) users
for creating personal web pages. Blogs are similar to an online personal diary and
simple to use. You can use a blog to convey messages about events,
announcements, news, reviews, etc. Blogs are usually managed using a web
browser and this requires active internet connection.
2. List any 5 websites that provide blog service.
Ans: There are hundreds of websites that offer blog service for free. Some of the
popular blogs include:
• www.WordPress.com
• www.blogger.com
• www.blog.com
• www.weebly.com
• www.blogsome.com
3. Difference between web page and website
Ans:
BASIS FOR
WEB PAGE WEBSITE
COMPARISON

Basic Web page is a part of website Website is a cluster of

which comprises links to related web pages
other web pages. addressed to a typical
URL.

Presented by Multiple web pages can have By a unique URL.

the same name if they reside
in different documents.

Use It is a content that is to be It is a place used to

displayed on a website. display the content.

Extension The web page URL has an There is no extension

extension. used in the URL of a
website.

Address Web page address depends Website address doesn't

dependency on website address. rely upon web page
address.
 BASIS FOR
WEB PAGE WEBSITE
COMPARISON

Development Requires less time to develop Usually, take more time

period as it is a part of a website. as compared to a web
page.

SESSION 6: USING OFFLINE BLOG EDITORS

Answer the following:
1. Explain the purpose of an offline blog editor.
Ans: Offline Blog editors used by bloggers to write blogs when they don't have an active
internet access. These publish the blog written automatically on the internet domain
when you connect to a internet connection.
2. List any five offline blog editors.
Ans: Some of the most popular offline blog editors are
Qumana ,Windows Live Writer , Blogdesk Blog desk , Ecto(Mac), and BlogJet

Answer the following:

1. Explain the purpose of Online transactions.
Ans: Online transactions helps us to save many things like paper which is used for making
notes, time which is spend in transaction and counting. Online transaction is very easy and it
can be done from any where using devices like smartphones, laptops etc which is easily available
to all of us.
2. List any five websites that allow online transactions.
Ans: Websites that allow online transaction:
• Amazon.
• Google.
• Paypal.
• Square.
• Stripe
• Flipkart
• IRCTC
• Paytm

3. List any three payment tools to use online transactions.

Ans: As online transactions are increasing day by day, many payment gateways are
making a beeline to have a share in them.
Online payment tools had made transactions easy as the payments can be made sitting
in ay corners of the bank to the recipients.
Paytm, Mobikwik or PayuMoney are some of the tools.
Answer the following questions:
1. Explain the purpose of internet Security.
Ans:- Internet security is a branch of computer security specifically related to
the Internet, often involving browser security but also network security on a more
general level, as it applies to other applications or operating systems as a whole. Its
objective is to establish rules and measures to use against attacks over the Internet. The
Internet represents an insecure channel for exchanging information leading to a high risk
of intrusion or fraud, such as phishing, online viruses , Trojans , worms and more.
2. Explain different kinds of online threats
Ans:-Different kinds of online threats
Malware. Any kind of software designed to annoy or harm the users is considered
malware. ...
Hacker. Skilled programmers using their coding knowledge for bad deeds are
better known as hackers. ...
Computer Virus. ...
Computer Worm. ...
Trojan. ...
Ransomware. ...
Spyware. ...
Adware.
3. Mention some guideline for managing strong Password?
Following is a general guideline for managing strong passwords.
• Keep the length of the password at least 12-14 characters
if permitted.
• Avoid keeping passwords based on repetition, dictionary words, letter
or number sequences, usernames, relative or pet names, etc. • Including
numbers, and symbols in passwords if allowed.
• Use capital and lower-case letters.
• Avoid using the same password for multiple sites or
purposes.
• Avoid using something that the public or workmates know you
strongly like or dislike.
• Use random password generators if possible.