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17 views

02computer Overview

Uploaded by

atakilti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPUTER - OVERVIEW

http://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals/computer_overview.htm
Copyright © tutorialspoint.com

Today’s world is an information-rich world and it has become a necessity for everyone
to know about computers. Purpose of this tutorial is to introduce you about computer
and its fundamentals.

Functionalities of a computer
Any digital computer carries out five functions in gross terms:

Takes data as input.

Stores the data/instructions in its memory and use them when required.

Processes the data and converts it into useful information.

Generates the output

Controls all the above four steps.

Definition
Computer is an electronic data processing device which

accepts and stores data input,


processes the data input, and
generates the output in a required format.

Advantages
Following list demonstrates the advantages of computers in today's arena.

High Speed
Computer is a very fast device.

It is capable of performing calculation of very large amount of data.


It is capable of performing calculation of very large amount of data.

The computer has units of speed in microsecond, nanosecond, and even the
picosecond.

It can perform millions of calculations in a few seconds as compared to man


who will spend many months for doing the same task.

Accuracy
In addition to being very fast, computers are very accurate.

The calculations are 100% error free.

Computers perform all jobs with 100% accuracy provided that correct input has
been given.

Storage Capability
Memory is a very important characteristic of computers.

A computer has much more storage capacity than human beings.

It can store large amount of data.

It can store any type of data such as images, videos, text, audio and many others.

Diligence
Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness and lack of
concentration.

It can work continuously without any error and boredom.

It can do repeated work with same speed and accuracy.

Versatility
A computer is a very versatile machine.

A computer is very flexible in performing the jobs to be done.

This machine can be used to solve the problems related to various fields.

At one instance, it may be solving a complex scientific problem and the very
next moment it may be playing a card game.

Reliability
A computer is a reliable machine.

Modern electronic components have long lives.


Computers are designed to make maintenance easy.

Automation
Computer is an automatic machine.

Automation means ability to perform the given task automatically.

Once a program is given to computer i.e., stored in computer memory, the


program and instruction can control the program execution without human
interaction.

Reduction in Paper Work


The use of computers for data processing in an organization leads to reduction
in paper work and results in speeding up a process.

As data in electronic files can be retrieved as and when required, the problem of
maintenance of large number of paper files gets reduced.

Reduction in Cost
Though the initial investment for installing a computer is high but it
substantially reduces the cost of each of its transaction.

Disadvantages
Following list demonstrates the disadvantages of computers in today's arena

No I.Q
A computer is a machine that has no intelligence to perform any task.

Each instruction has to be given to computer.

A computer cannot take any decision on its own.

Dependency
It functions as per a user’s instruction, so it is fully dependent on human being

Environment
The operating environment of computer should be dust free and suitable.

No Feeling
Computers have no feelings or emotions.

It cannot make judgement based on feeling, taste, experience, and knowledge


unlike a human being.

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