St.

Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

“FACTORS AFFECTING THE SME IN BARANGAY 176

BAGONG SILANG CALOOCAN CITY THROUGH THE

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY”

St. Clare College

Dhavevohrah Zam M. Lapuz

Carisa Nicole R. Magbanua

Patricia Joy D. Alcordo

Emerlita R. Vicente

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

2024

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“FACTORS AFFECTING THE SME IN BARANGAY 176

BAGONG SILANG CALOOCAN CITY THROUGH THE

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY”

A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of
Tertiary Department of
St. Clare College
Caloocan City

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree in

Bachelor in Business Administration

by

Dhavevohrah Zam M. Lapuz

Carisa Nicole R. Magbanua

Patricia Joy D. Alcordo

Emerlita R. Vicente

May 2023

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CERTIFICATION

This thesis, “FACTORS AFFECTING THE SME IN BARANGAY 176

BAGONG SILANG CALOOCAN CITY THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF

THE ECONOMY” prepare and submitted by DHAVEVOHRAH ZAM M.

LAPUZ, CARISA NICOLE R. MAGBANUA, PATRICIA JOY D. ALCORDO,

EMERLITA R. VICENTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

degree, BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION has

been examined and recommended for Oral Examination.

Evaluation Committee

REYMART TRAMMY C. ORTEGA

Adviser
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
APPROVAL

Approved by the Panel on Oral Examination on (date of oral defense)

with the grade of ____.

____________________________________
Chair

______________________________ _____________________________
Member Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Bachelor

Business Administration.

DR. CLARITA G. ADALEM

College Dean

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Certification

Acknowledgement

Dedication

Abstract

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1: The Problem and It’s Background

Introduction

Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework

Statement of the Problem

Hypothesis

Scope and Limitations of the Study

Significance of the Study

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CHAPTER 2: Review of Related Literature and Studies

CHAPTER 3: Methodology

Research Design

Tradition of Inquiry and Data-Gathering Method

Generation Method

Sources of Data

Ethical Considerations

CHAPTER 4: Result and Discussion

Result and Analysis of quantitative Data

CHAPTER 5: Summary of Finding, Conclusion and Recommendation

Result and Discussion

Summary of Findings

Conclusion and Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDICES:

Instrument

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This thesis becomes a reality with the kind support and help of many

individuals. The researchers would like to extend their sincere thanks to all of

them.

Foremost,we want to offer this endeavor to our GOD Almighty for the

wisdom He bestowed upon us, the strength, peace of my mind and good

health in order to finish this research.

To our Business Research professor, Mr. Reymart Trammy C. Ortega

for the endless guidance and knowledge that you have given to us.

The researches would like to express our gratitude towards my family

for the encouragement which helped me in completion of this paper. To our

friends who joined us on our journey together, we thank you for the time and

wonderful memories we spent.

We are highly indebted to our beloved school, St. Clare College of

Caloocan and all the professors and administrators for their guidance,

supervision and support in completing this study.

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DEDICATION

This study is dedicated to our beloved parents, who have been our source of

inspiration, guide and give us strength, when we thought of giving up, who

continually provide their moral, spiritual, emotional and financial support.

To our friends who became our supporter and help us to any problem we

faced. They encourage us to finish this important research in time. They also

give us inspiration message every time.

To our professor, Mr. Reymart Trammy C. Ortega, who believed that we will

be finish this research in time, helping us to make our research better.

And lastly, we dedicated this book to our Mighty God that guides us, give

strength, power of mind, protection and skills. All of this, we offer to you.

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ABSTRACT

The researchers conducted a research about “Factors Affecting The

SME In Barangay 176 Bagong Silang Caloocan City Through The

Development Of The Economy” to determine what are the factors that affects

the SME in regards of the progress if the economy.

One of the best ways to combat poverty, unemployment, and slow

economic growth is through SMEs. As a result, in recent years, there has

been a growing amount of focus on the factors that determine the survival and

success of SMEs. Different countries have found empirical evidence. This

paper examines the internal and external factors that determine the survival

and development of SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang Caloocan City,

adding to the increasing body of research on the subject. By giving survey

questions to SME owners and would-be business owners, we used a

quantitative research methodology to get the data. Throughout phase 1 of

Bagong Silang Barangay in Caloocan City, the survey was given to various

industries.

Based on 44 responses, the results demonstrate that the education

system needs to be changed in order for SME survival and success. Other

intervention areas include changing the business culture in the Philippines,

emphasizing managerial abilities, and enhancing the procedures needed to

start a business. These findings have significant economic and SME owner

consequences for the Philippines. Policymakers can improve SME survival

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and success by making the right interventions at different levels with the help

of the study's findings. The report also offers tips for current and potential

business owners on how to fill skill gaps and keep up with the market's

constantly shifting expectations.

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs) are companies with revenues,

assets, or staff counts below a predetermined level. The definition of a small

and medium-sized enterprise varies from nation to nation. The company's

industry of operation may occasionally be taken into consideration, along with

certain size requirements. Despite being small, SMEs are crucial to the

economy. They are significantly more numerous than large businesses,

employ a sizable workforce, and are typically entrepreneurial in nature,

helping to create innovation.

In accordance with the World Bank (2022), the Philippines' economy

grew by an average of 6.4% per year between 2010 and 2019 thanks to both

remittances and strong consumer demand. Due to the Philippines' rising

urbanization, entrepreneurs, especially those running small and medium-sized

businesses (SMEs), have become more crucial and critical to the country's

economic progress. In the Philippines, MSMEs made up 99.51% of

establishments in 2020, whereas major enterprises made up just 0.49% of all

establishments, according to the Department of Trade and Industry (2022).

Only 10.74% of enterprises were SMEs, yet they were nevertheless in charge

of creating more than 2.8 million employment nationwide.

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There are 188 barangays in Metro Manila, specifically Caloocan City,

with a population that is constantly growing, with 91 percent of them being

Small Mid-size Enterprises. The third most populated city in the Philippines is

Caloocan City. It is one of the 16 cities that make up Metropolitan Manila, the

Philippines' National Capital Region.

This paper aims to study the situation of SMEs in Barangay 176

Bagong Silang Caloocan City North and how did they cope up through the

changes in economy. And provide the values and practices of good

governance that help create and nurture a good practices, leadership,

accountability, and responsibility. We aim to develop principles for an

independent and impervious small medium-sized enterprise that serves all

business owners, professionals, students, citizens, public officials, and

employees in Caloocan City. Participate in creating a welcoming and peaceful

environment in the community and take the necessary actions to support

employment, livelihood programs, business research and development,

business innovation, transparency, and economic growth.

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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs) represent an important sector

in the Philippines. Yet, their productivity remains low compared to larger firms,

due in part to limited market access. It has been shown that business

associations can help SMEs build capacity, gain market access and grow. As

we all know, SMEs are the backbone of the economies of Asia. SMEs

influence trade but the primary obstacles to market access among Philippines

SMEs are it inadequate business operations, human resource constraints,

and difficulties complying with international standards and government

regulations. Many theories have raised the issue on the financing gap for

Small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs), meaning that there a good number of

SMEs when given access to credit could use it profitably to grow their

businesses but cannot obtain credit from the formal financial system (bank),

because of the inability of the SMEs to meet the stringent requirement of

these financial institutions. The issue of lack of credit to SMEs can be looked

at from two fronts: the financial institutions (banks) and the SMEs operators.

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This study revolves around two variables: "Factors affecting the small

and mid-size enterprises" and "The Development of the Economy".

What are that Factors affecting the small and mid-size Enterprises?

a. Knowledge

b. Performance

c. Technology

Knowledge- It is to create and maintain core technological capabilities, they

need at least two abilities: they must know how to manage the activities that

create knowledge and possess an understanding of exactly what constitutes a

core capability what are its dimensions. There is a continuous interaction

between the activities encourage and the core capabilities of the firm.

Performance- It has multiple and often overlapping meaning that signify a

wide variety of social behaviors. performance of everyday life; performance is

at once a creative act, a means to comprehend power, a method of

transmitting memory and identity, and a way of understanding the world.

Technology- It is an authentic learning setting, technology has the power to

support and obtaining, organizing, manipulating, and displaying information,

begin with an authentic, challenging task; have all practice advanced skills;

and feature heterogeneous, collaborative work groups, and extended periods

for completing.

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The Development of the Economy:

In developing countries, informal firms (those that are not registered with the

government) account for about half of all economic activity. We consider three

broad views of the role of such firms in economic development. According to

the romantic view, these firms would become the engine of economic growth if

not stopped by government regulation. According to the parasite view,

informal firms, by avoiding taxes and regulations, unfairly compete wit the

more efficient formal firms and, by taking away their market share, undermine

economic progress. According to the dual view, informal firms are highly

inefficient, do not pose much threat to the formal firms, but also do not

contribute to economic growth, which is driven by the efficient formal firms.

Using data from World Bank firm level surveys, we find that informal firms are

small and extremely unproductive, compared even to the small formal firms,

and especially relative to the larger formal firms. Compared to the informal

firms, formal ones are run by much better educated managers. As a

consequence, they use more capital, have different customers, market their

products, and use more external finance. Hardly any formal firms had ever

operated informally. This evidence is inconsistent with the romantic and

parasite views, but supports the dual view. In this "Walmart" theory of

economic development, growth comes from the creation of the highly

productive formal firms. Informal firms keep millions of people alive, but

disappear over time.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. What are the profiles of the Small Medium Enterprises in Barangay 176

Bagong Silang in Caloocan City North in Terms of

1.1. Entrepreneurs; and

1.2. Business Venture

2. What are the factors affecting the Small Medium Business Enterprise

through development of the economy?

3. What business policy recommendations may be proposed to Improve and

support Small Medium Business Enterprise?

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HYPOTHESIS

This paper aims to identify the Factors Affecting the SME in Baranggay

176 Bagong Silang Caloocan City we aim to develop principles for an

independent and impervious small medium-sized enterprise that serves all

business owners, professionals, students, citizens, public officials, and

employees in Caloocan City. A high volume of exports, plenty natural

resources, longer life expectancy, and higher investment rates have positive

impacts on the growth of per capita gross domestic product in developing

countries. Much research needs to be done to distinguish the causes of

growth in developing countries, as the scope of existing research is limited

due to a lack of reliable data.

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SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This study focused on how did they cope up through the changes in

economy and provide the values and practices of good governance that help

create and nurture a good practices, leadership, accountability, and

responsibility. The primary respondents of the research are the people who

lives in Baranggay 176 Bagong Silang Caloocan City. The study on "Factors

Affecting the SME in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang Caloocan City Through the

Development of the Economy" holds significant importance for several

reasons. First and foremost, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a

vital role in economic development, job creation, and poverty reduction in

many countries, including the Philippines. Therefore, understanding the

factors that affect SMEs' growth and sustainability is crucial for promoting

economic progress and improving the livelihoods of individuals in Barangay

176 Bagong Silang.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study on "Factors Affecting the SME in Barangay 176 Bagong

Silang Caloocan City Through the Development of the Economy" holds

significant importance for several reasons. First and foremost, small and

medium enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in economic development, job

creation, and poverty reduction in many countries, including the Philippines.

Therefore, understanding the factors that affect SMEs' growth and

sustainability is crucial for promoting economic progress and improving the

livelihoods of individuals in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang.

By examining the specific factors influencing SMEs in this particular

barangay, the study can provide valuable insights for policymakers, local

authorities, and entrepreneurs. It can highlight the challenges faced by SMEs

and inform the formulation of targeted policies and interventions to address

those challenges. This, in turn, can help create a conducive environment for

SMEs to thrive, attract investments, and contribute to the overall economic

development of the barangay and its residents.

Furthermore, the study's findings can guide SME owners and aspiring

entrepreneurs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, offering them a better

understanding of the factors that influence their businesses' success. It can

identify areas that require attention, such as access to finance, market

dynamics, infrastructure, regulatory framework, and skills development.

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter contains prior research and articles that are relevant to

the study. This section analyzes the literature on business growth and the

variables that influence business growth. It precisely outlines the internal

and external elements that have an impact on SMEs' ability to expand. The

state of SMEs worldwide, in Southeast Asia, and locally is also covered in

this section.

Related Literature

Development theories must address two issues. Development theories

should be founded on problem assessments and provide prospects for

development strategies. On the one hand, they study social-economic

phenomena of "underdevelopment" and "development." These various

methods provide an emphasis on aspects that are economic, social,

political, or cultural. These methods overlap to some extent (Mallick, 2005).

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Figure 2.1 Storey’s Model

Storey’s Model by Tuan and Yoshi
Source: Storey DJ (1994)

Table 2.1 Factors Influencing Growth in Small Medium Enterprise

The methodology utilized in this study was updated and

strengthened by Storey's (1994) framework, which takes into account

three categories of variables relating to the entrepreneur, the firm, and

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the strategy. According to Tuan and Yoshi, there are three types of

components that make up this framework's classification of the

influences on growth. The entrepreneur, the company, and the

strategy's initial resources are as follows. It is believed that three

distinct but connected sets of those actors' direct and indirect affects

contribute to small businesses' growth.

Adam Smith introduced the idea of the "invisible hand" theory in

the 18th century, and it is widely regarded by economists today as a

way to explain the forces at work in a free market. According to the

explanation of the invisible hand theory, people usually advance social

progress when acting in their own best interests rather than when they

genuinely wish to. The theory holds that everyone of us, acting in our

own self-interests, creates a demand for goods and services that

forces others to provide those goods and services as effectively as

possible so that they can be paid by others and profit from doing so. In

contrast to a process that depends on a centrally organized system,

resources are allocated in this process in the most effective way.

The free market is the setting where the invisible hand is

typically believed to operate. Adam Smith presupposed that customers

and businesspeople would select the option with the lowest price and

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the biggest profit margin, respectively. Customers "directed"

entrepreneurs' investment capital to the most lucrative industry,

according to him, by making their excess or insufficient demand known

through market prices (Joyce, 2001). This theory is a metaphor used

by Tagay (2003) to show how those who pursue riches unwittingly

boost the economy and benefit society, according to her study. This

theory emphasizes how entrepreneurship helps to grow the economy

by boosting consumer spending and business investment.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter outlines the procedures the researcher used to complete

the purpose of this study. There are seven main points in it: the first part

discusses the research design; the second section the data collection method;

the third section the sampling procedure and technique; the fourth the method

of data analysis; the fifth the model specification; and the last two the

definition of both dependent and independent variables and the conceptual

framework, respectively.

RESEARCH DESIGN:

According to Kothari's (2004) definition, "a research design is the

arrangement of conditions for data collection and analysis in a manner that

seeks to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in

procedure." Additionally, research design serves as a framework or strategy to

be followed for a study and serves as a guide for data collection and analysis.

The descriptive and explanatory research design (why is it happening)

techniques utilized in this study were chosen among the available research

methodologies because they are relevant for the study situation.

By answering the who, what, when, where, and how questions, descriptive

research designs aim to "paint a picture" of a particular scenario (William G.

Zikmund, 1984). Simply said, it demonstrates what is occurring. Explanatory

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research is employed to address why inquiries, and this characteristic causes

it to incorporate causal justifications. To identify and evaluate the variables

influencing the development of small and medium-sized businesses in

Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City, descriptive research

methodology was used in this thesis. To evaluate the impact of those factors

on the dependent variable or growth, an explanatory research design was

also applied.

This study was conducted using quantitative research techniques. The

researcher made an effort to find solutions to the aforementioned issue in

order to support and fulfill the study's goals. Additionally, it made an effort to

understand the various effects on their way of life.

Quantitative research, according to SIS International Research (n.d.),

is an organized method of gathering and examining data from many sources.

To generate results, quantitative research employs mathematical, statistical,

and computational techniques. It is definitive in its intent since it seeks results

that can be extrapolated to a larger population in order to quantify the issue

and understand how widespread it is.

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TRADITION OF INQUIRY AND DATA-GATHERING:

Researches employed a quantitative method to data collection in order

to accomplish the goals of this study. Owners of SMEs who had been in the

market for a long time and had gone through the processes of starting their

companies from scratch were given questionnaires. Because they have

firsthand knowledge of the system's points of strength, difficulty, and

weakness, this group of participants is the most suitable for this study. A

survey was also given out to the unemployed youngsters to determine their

potential interest in self-employment and to determine how well-informed they

were about the various support systems available for starting a business. The

researchers conducted their study online utilizing a "Google Form" and

traditional check list through interviewing the respondent. This facilitated

survey completion for the respondents and expedited the data collection

process.

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GENERATION METHOD:

Barangay 176 Bagong Silang in Caloocan City was the whole extent of

the survey's operation. It covered the Phase 1- Kanan, where the majority of

SMEs are located, as well as nearby places, in order to gauge the level of

preparedness and awareness among locals there. A wide range of business

contexts and industries, including retail, health, recreation, and the food

industry, were the target audience for the survey. To further diversify the

sample of respondents, the survey concentrated on business owners with a

range of educational backgrounds. A convenience sampling method was used

to randomly assign the survey to eligible persons of various ages and

backgrounds, and 44 valid replies were collected in total.

Three sections made up the survey; the first section is questions about

the details on the participant's identity, including age, gender, and degree of

education. The second segment included questions about the procedures and

facilitating elements, entrepreneurial skills and talents, and the external and

internal variables that contribute to the current barriers to business

establishment. In the final section, respondents were asked to make

recommendations for interventions that may be implemented to lessen the

internal and external obstacles that SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang in

Caloocan City are currently facing. In addition to gathering primary data

through the surveying method.

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SOURCE OF DATA:

Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the data that was gathered

using the survey instrument's first part. According to Table 1, there were 25%

women and 75% men among the respondents. The majority of responders

(52.27%) were young people between the ages of 26 and 35, while 38.63%

were between the ages of 36 and 45. Bachelor's degrees made up the

majority of responders (38.64%), followed by diplomas (25.00%). 27.27% of

respondents worked in the private sector, while 47.73% were working in the

public sector. 18.18% of respondents overall had their own private businesses

that they owned and operated. Only 6.82% of the total respondents to the

study were unemployed, according to the results. The results also indicate

that the majority of respondents (86.36%) were more inclined to pursue

careers in the public sector than starting their own businesses.

Table 1. Demographic profile of participants (n = 44)

Variable Category Frequency Percentage

Male 33 75.00%
Gender
Female 11 25.00%

25 or less 2 4.55%

26–35 23 52.27%
Age
36–45 17 38.63%

46 or above 2 4.55%

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Secondary or below 9 20.45%

Diploma 11 25.00%
Educational
Background
Bachelor 17 38.64%

Master or above 7 15.91%

Public sector only 21 47.73%

Private sector only 12 27.27%

Employment
Entrepreneurs 8 18.18%

Unemployed 3 6.82%

Public sector 38 86.36%

Job Preference Private sector 2 4.55%

Entrepreneurs 4 9.09%

The second section of the survey tool enabled us to get information on

the policies and practices that affect SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang,

Caloocan City. Exploring these behaviors and procedures should improve our

knowledge of the internal and external factors that influence the survival and

success of SMEs. In particular, a four-dimensional method was applied in the

study to comprehend the dynamism of SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang,

Caloocan City. The four dimensions are: culture, business establishment

practices, managerial skills, and the educational system. The first three of

these dimensions are the external elements that impact SMEs, while the

fourth dimension is made up of internal factors that have an impact on SMEs'

survival and success. As can be seen in Table 2, the study's participants

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thought that the education system (mean, 4.29) was the most important factor

that needed improvement to increase SMEs' chances of survival and success.

The results also demonstrate that in order to increase the success and

survival of SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City, emphasis

must be paid to culture (mean, 4.28), managerial abilities (mean, 4.25), and

company establishment procedures (mean, 4.08).

Table 2. Four determinants of SME survival and success (n = 44)

Dimension Mean Rank

Education System 4.29 1

Culture 4.28 2

Managerial Skills 4.25 3

Business Establishment
4.08 4
Procedures

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ETHICAL CONSIDERATION:

To gather effective and trustworthy data from the responder, ethical

consideration must be made prior to executing the data collection activity. In

order to give it, the researcher must first attempt to secure the chosen small-

and medium-sized business' consent via a written letter provided by the

researcher. In addition to making sure that every participant in the study is

aware of its goal, this also encourages everyone to answer the questions in

confidence. Last but not least, the study kept participant identities a secret out

of respect for the respondent's privacy.

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CHAPTER 4

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The findings and analysis of the quantitative data are reviewed in this

chapter. compilation of the survey responses, findings, and analysis of the

quantifiable research findings. Additionally, the findings are evaluated

considering where appropriate, using prior study findings and relevant

literature to determine how this study compares to earlier research and

published works and where there are differences. A thorough explanation of

the study in Chapter 3, an approach was presented.

RESULT AND ANALYSIS OF A QUANTITATIVE DATA:

Quantitative data was gathered for this study during the conceptual

stage. The surveys and interviews were done by the researchers. Since the

information gathered during these interviews was part of the methodology, it

won't be covered in this chapter. To further understand how each of the

aforementioned factors impacts SMEs, we dug deeper into each one (see

Table 1).

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Respondent
Determinants of SME Survival and Success Support for
Reforms

Interventions In The Education System

Basic entrepreneurship mindset should start at least at grade 10 86.63%

Universities and colleges should introduce an “easily understood”

course to develop confidence and know-how in entrepreneurship to all 93.90%
students of all disciplines.
Universities and colleges should arrange events with successful local
entrepreneurs on campus to encourage networking with students and 90.99%
inspiring them.
Universities and colleges should open entrepreneurship development
centers to assist students who desire to take that path after 91.86%
graduation.

Reforms In The Cultural Dimension

The education system should be strategized to encourage risk-taking

traits and minimize fear of failure among young generations (reduce 91.86%
uncertainty avoidance).
The education system should be strategized to introduce a mindset to
embrace entrepreneurs who fail among new generations, rather than 90.40%
considering them failures all their life.

The government should develop a strategy to change public attitude

92.74%
away from public sector jobs and more towards private businesses.

Interventions Related To Managerial Skills

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The entrepreneur should set a clear vision for the enterprise to help
96.51%
him/her steer it towards success.

The entrepreneur should be trained, even roughly, to best practices in

specific areas such as planning finance, accounting knowledge, credit
93.90%
management, inventory management, cash flow management,
marketing management, and human resource management.
The enterprise should be obliged to hire competent and qualified staff
even in minimum critical positions such as marketing, finance, and 74.42%
HR.

Interventions In Business Establishment Procedures

A center in every governorate to finish all procedures and required by

92.74%
different regulatory agencies for all types of businesses.

The measures taken by the government (loans, training, follow-up) are

35.76%
enough, but need more publicity.

Different schemes of taxes and charges paid by SMEs should be

86.91%
reduced.

Loans processing and related activities should be decentralized in

88.08%
governorates, rather than centralized in the capital, Muscat.

Interest rates on loans from finance companies for SMEs should be

79.95%
reduced.

Conditions and guarantees for obtaining loans from finance

85.48%
companies should be less complicated.

The government should introduce a plan for longer-term loans

91.86%
specifically for SMEs.

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Philippines
The government should ease some conditions on SMEs, such as
reducing the percentage of hiring local workforce. 75.87%

The government should introduce more flexible legislation to obtain

visas for foreign workers for SMEs. 76.16%

EDUCATION SYSTEM

First, we looked at the respondents' opinions on Philippines’s

educational system. According to the results, 86.63% of respondents believed

that fundamental entrepreneurship education should begin at a young age (in

grade 10 of basic education) in order to foster an entrepreneurial mindset in

the next generation. Even before the tenth grade, some respondents advised,

entrepreneurial education should begin. The majority of respondents (93.9%)

also emphasized the need for schools and universities to start offering

entrepreneurship courses to all students, regardless of their majors, in order

to help them grow and improve their entrepreneurship confidence and skills.

Nearly all of the respondents (90.99%) advocated for higher education

institutions to intensify their efforts to offer extracurricular activities that will

motivate and inspire students. Examples of these activities include hosting

networking events with prosperous regional businesspeople. The majority of

respondents (91.86%) agreed that having specialist centers for

entrepreneurship development on campuses would be beneficial for helping

and advising students who wanted to pursue a career in private enterprise

after graduation.

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Philippines

CULTURE

A thorough analysis of the participants' perceptions of culture and how

it affects the survival and success of SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang,

Caloocan City, revealed that 91.86% of participants thought that the

educational system needed to be changed to lessen young generations'

tendency to avoid uncertainty, promote risk-taking, and lessen their fear of

failure. The majority of poll respondents (90.40%) also stated that it is

important to get rid of the unfavorable public impression of people who fail in

business and continue to struggle throughout their life. According to the

research, failures in business should be accepted by society rather than

stigmatized. The majority of respondents (92.74%) also stressed the

necessity for a national strategy to change the public's mindset toward private

firms and entrepreneurship and away from positions in the public sector.

MANAGERIAL SKILLS

The majority of respondents (96.51%) stressed the significance of

business owners having a clear vision before they launch their enterprises so

that they can think strategically and deal with unforeseen challenges. In

addition, 93.9% of the respondents agreed that SME owners should be given

basic managerial training in areas like marketing, finance, and human

resource management to enable them operate their companies successfully

and with assurance. The majority of respondents (74.42%) also favored

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Philippines
employing skilled individuals in administrative roles like marketing, finance,

and human resources management to manage the company properly and

avert blunders that could harm it.

BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENT PROCEDURES

The idea of changing the practices used in commercial establishments

was supported by the study participants. Almost all respondents (92.74%)

agreed that governorate-level permissions should be given for all business

kinds, with decentralized execution. The findings showed that the respondents

had different opinions on the steps the government has taken to help the SME

sector. The majority of respondents (35.76%) said that the government's

actions were sufficient in their support but that more needed to be done in the

way of promotion and marketing to reach more people.

The majority of participants (86.91%) believed that the taxes and

renewal fees imposed on businesses in their inception or operating stages are

excessive and should be decreased. A significant percentage of respondents

(88.08%) also emphasized the need for decentralized loan processing by

finance organizations and related administrative tasks. Regional levels should

make the decisions rather than returning to the corporate headquarters.

Additionally, 79.95% of respondents emphasized that commercial and public

financing organizations' loan interest rates were too high and ought to be

lowered to the absolute minimum. The criteria and guarantees associated with

loans are difficult and place high demands on SMEs that are occasionally

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Philippines

unachievable, according to a significant percentage of respondents (85.48%).

Furthermore, 91.86% of the participants thought that the government ought to

implement longer-term credit programs that are especially intended to assist

SME owners in resolving financial issues. Additionally, the findings indicate

that the majority of respondents (75.87%) believed that the restrictions placed

on SME owners should be loosened because they are difficult. For instance,

our nation's criteria should be loosened to allow for the hiring of a greater

proportion of the foreign workers, as using the local workforce necessitates

paying higher wages and benefits, which places an additional financial strain

on SME enterprises. Meanwhile, 76.16% of respondents emphasized the

need for more accommodating legislation to be put in place to award SMEs

foreign worker permits.

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Philippines

DISCUSSION:

The goal of this study was to look into the elements that contribute to

the success and survival of SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, Caloocan

City. To gain a comprehensive understanding of how SMEs in Barangay 176

Bagong Silang, Caloocan City, work, we looked into both environmental and

business-related internal and external issues. The study offered insights into

the many facets of how SMEs operate.

The first finding of this study showed that the Barangay 176 Bagong

Silang Caloocan City education system is crucial to the survival and success

of SME, and that the government should focus its efforts on enhancing the

education system so that it meets the needs of SMEs for human resources.

Systems of entrepreneurship education that are well thought out give future

generations the abilities and information they need to become prepared to

launch their own firms. The research findings on enhancing the educational

system are consistent with earlier studies, which demonstrate that

encouraging students to start their own firms is one of the key accelerators of

entrepreneurial education. The study revealed that the majority of students

had a strong desire to launch their own firms, but that ambition was thwarted

by their lack of the fundamental knowledge, confidence, and fear of failure.

Systems of entrepreneurship education that are well thought out give

future generations the abilities and information they need to become prepared

to launch their own firms. The research findings on enhancing the educational

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Philippines

system are consistent with earlier studies, which demonstrate that

encouraging students to start their own firms is one of the key accelerators of

entrepreneurial education. The study revealed that the majority of students

had a strong desire to launch their own firms, but that ambition was thwarted

by their lack of the fundamental knowledge, confidence, and fear of failure.

The managerial abilities of entrepreneurs were the third factor that our study

looked at. Enterprise success is significantly influenced by managerial

abilities. The results showed that the participants generally agreed that there

is a substantial gap between the administrative abilities and skills of business

owners and the market expectations, particularly in the talents required to

govern firms. This is especially true for business owners who are just starting

out without the right training or a solid managerial foundation. The literature

that is currently available supports this deficiency among Filipino

businesspeople. The absence of best practices in administrative and crucial

tasks like managing human resources and filling open positions with the most

qualified candidates is one of the reasons for this deficiency. It is customary

for the company owner, who is also typically the manager, to make these

crucial choices without any prior training. A managerial lack of understanding

of the local and regional market and the best methods for selling their

products is another area of weakness, particularly in freshly created

businesses. Even if the government runs initiatives to aid entrepreneurs, a

lack of understanding among business owners will prevent many SME owners

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Philippines

from taking advantage of these programs. The results of this study, which

indicate a discrepancy among the subjects regarding the sufficiency of

governmental assistance in this regard, confirm this conclusion.

Our study looked at firm establishment procedures as the fourth

element. SMEs in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City, must deal

with difficult, drawn-out processes that cost a lot of money, time, and effort.

Certain governmental organizations must approve some specific types of

commercial operations. This takes time because decisions are not

decentralized at the governorate level but rather made in the capital city.

Additionally, business owners are burdened by additional costs due to the

high financial obligations for starting enterprises and taxes related to

procedures like renewal fees and license requirements. When asking for a

loan from a public or private financing institution, business owners must deal

with a plethora of administrative formalities. The loans are not given to the

prospective entrepreneurs because of the conditions to meet numerous

standards and furnish guarantees, which are occasionally difficult to meet.

credit decisions are also made centrally, rather than at the level of regional

managers, at the headquarters of the respective credit providers in the capital.

Additionally, high interest rates that must be paid or rescheduled present extra

difficulties for loan applicants, increasing their burden of interest.

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Philippines

The research now available is consistent with these issues facing

entrepreneurs and says that loan processing and firm establishment

procedures are two of the greatest issues facing SME owners in Barangay

176 Bagong Silang Caloocan City.

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Philippines

CHAPTER 5

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The following chapter concludes this report. The research's findings are

examined and understood after a summary of the study's findings is given.

The importance of this study in terms of the factors influencing the growth of

the SME sector in Caloocan City's Barangay 176 Bagong Silang. The chapter

ends with suggestions for additional investigation.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

The research's findings comprehensively reflect the key elements

influencing entrepreneurship in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City.

The following recommendations are offered for policy development at two

levels: the government level and the level of SME owners, based on the

findings of this major survey study. This strategy is predicated on the idea that

maintaining a healthy SME sector in Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, Caloocan

City, is a shared task that necessitates multiple-level interventions. In light of

this, the following advice addresses both internal and external aspects that

have an impact on the continuation and success of SMEs in Barangay 176

Bagong Silang Caloocan City:

● Requiring both public and private schools to teach a fundamental

entrepreneurial attitude from an early age in their basic education

curricula.

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Philippines

● Universities and colleges could offer entrepreneurship courses to all

students from various majors and specialties.

● To help students who choose this career route after graduation,

colleges and universities should establish on-campus

entrepreneurship centers.

● Colleges and institutions may organize social gatherings with

prominent local businesspeople who could share their experiences,

connect with students, and perhaps even mentor them.

● In the long run, it might be possible to diminish uncertainty

avoidance and promote rational risk-taking among Philippines

future generations by redesigning the educational system.

● It may be possible to take action to gradually change society such

that it is more tolerant of entrepreneurs, particularly those who are

unsuccessful.

● While emphasizing and highlighting successful local

entrepreneurship tales, the government might devise a campaign to

shift citizens' perspectives away from public sector jobs and more

toward private firms.

● Before pursuing an entrepreneurial career, individuals should

acquire the proper training to enhance their necessary managerial

skills.

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Philippines

● To reach the greatest number of recipients across the nation, public

awareness of government support programs should be increased.

This goal could be achieved via a variety of cutting-edge marketing

strategies.

● The government might build a center in each governorate to handle

the procedures required by various regulatory bodies and

decentralize some tasks.

● To promote entrepreneurship, conditions, guarantees, and interest

rates on loans from public and private institutions might be

streamlined. The governorate level is another option for

decentralizing these choices.

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Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

As nations around the world depend on the SME sector to create jobs,

improve living standards, and increase their respective GDPs, it is thought to

be an essential component of any developed economy. Barangay 176

Bagong Silang in Caloocan City has a promising SME sector that has the

potential to grow and be successful in order to support the economy's further

growth and lessen reliance on natural resources that are becoming scarcer.

To make this happen, though, some areas require attention.

According to the findings of this study, the government must take quick

corrective action to improve the education system in Barangay 176 Bagong

Silang in Caloocan City, which is the first and most critical area. Early

education system initiatives can aid in reshaping outdated cultural beliefs that

impede successful entrepreneurship. The second barrier to successful

entrepreneurship mentioned in this study is education, which is crucial in

determining the cultural characteristics of communities. Therefore, by

fostering in students a mindset that is more open to taking risks and having a

positive view of failure, a skillfully designed educational system could also,

over time, enrich various cultural aspects of the Philippine culture. Future

generations will be less likely to escape uncertainty thanks to this new

generation's upbringing. As the fear of failure increasingly diminishes,

generations that are equipped with the required entrepreneurial skills and

knowledge feel more confident and are more willing to launch private firms.

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Philippines

The ability of the entrepreneurs themselves to improve their managerial skills

prior to starting their company is the third barrier to successful

entrepreneurship.

Some limitation may apply to this study. A quantitative dataset served

as the sole basis for this study. Although this may not be a restriction in and of

itself, we advise future studies to use quantitative data to further comprehend

the complexities of the difficulties addressed in this study in order to confirm

the findings of this one. Future studies can also contrast the SME sector in

Barangay 176 Bagong Silang, Caloocan City, with that of a wealthy neighbor

with a comparable culture. Such a benchmarking effort may encourage the

adoption of the necessary policy actions, preventing the need to invent the

wheel.

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Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

APPENDICES

Instrument:

Page 47 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

Google Form

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfBhspuwi4SCrB9msE9xTKy4Pr8

h-e0wjeuSyzDy5U1MbLhUA/viewform?vc=0&c=0&w=1&flr=0

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Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

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Faced by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Oman. Int. J.

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Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

● Gherghina, Ș.C.; Botezatu, M.A.; Hosszu, A.; Simionescu, L.N.

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Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

● National Centre for Statistics and Information. Small and Medium

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internationalization of SMEs in emerging economies: A study on

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Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

● Zutshi, A.; Mendy, J.; Sharma, G.D.; Thomas, A.; Sarker, T. From

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Page 52 of 60
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Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

CURRICULUM VITAE

PATRICIA JOY D. ALCORDO

Sycamore Building, The North Grove Susano
Road Camarin, Caloocan City.
+639356059093 or 09763224482
[email protected]

CAREER OBJECTIVES:

To pursue a highly rewarding seeking a job in a challenging and

healthy work environment where I can utilize my skills and knowledge
efficiently for organizational growth. Accomplished support professional
delivering reliable information and communication technology assistance.

WORK EXPERIENCE:
● AT&T Mobility Technical Support
Technical Support Representative
SEPT. 2021 – MAR. 2023
Fairview, Quezon City

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Tertiary: St. Clare College

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
S.Y. 2020-Present
Senior High: Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College
S.Y. 2016-2018
Junior High: Canaan Christian School
S.Y. 2012-2016
Primary: Canaan Christian School
S.Y. 2006-2012

Page 53 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines
PERSONAL BAKGROUND:

Nickname: Pat
Gender: Female
Age: 23 years old
Date of Birth: 14 March 2000
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Height: 5’1
Weight: 50 kls.
Religion: Catholic
Dialects: Tagalog and English

CHARACTER REFERENCES:
● Thiastee Mae Dayola
Customer Service Representative
Ortigas, Pasig City
09164021083
● Bien Rej Rajano
Customer Service Representative
Ortigas, Pasig City
09950494304
● Wildelyn Mendoza
Property Specialist
Camarin, Caloocan City
09155994692

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the
best of my knowledge.

Patricia Joy D. Alcordo

Page 54 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

VICENTE, EMERLITA R.
Block 27 Lot 13 Plum Street, Grand
Cedar Homes, Bignay, Valenzuela City
0908-683-0734
[email protected]

CAREER OBJECTIVES:
To gainfully develop my skills and be an instrument in the development
success of the team in the company I affiliated.

WORK EXPERIENCE:
● MAINEDEI CORPORATION - McDonald’s
Sta. Maria Bulacan
November 2019 – Present

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Tertiary: St. Clare College of Caloocan

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
S.Y. 2020-Present
Secondary: San Fabian Integrated School SPED Center
S.Y. 2012-2016
Elementary: Caybiga Elementary School
S.Y. 2008-2012

PERSONAL BAKGROUND:

Nickname: Emy
Gender: Female
Age: 26 years old
Date of Birth: July 10, 1996
Place of Birth: San Fernando, Pampanga
Civil Status: Single
Height: 4'11
Weight: 49 lbs.
Religion: Jesus Reigns Ministry

Page 55 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

CHARACTER REFERENCES:
● Gerald Buyco
(Driver)
0939-381-1633
● Leiza Castronuevo
(Micro Finance Officer)
0930-552-0941
● Ryan Barias
(LBC – Customer Associate)
0939-420-6040
● Jhun Sefil
(Customer Representative)
0935-193-7238
● Nassr Jan
(Teacher)
0998-246-7634

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the
best of my knowledge.

Emerlita R. Vicente

Page 56 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

CARISA NICOLE R. MAGBANUA

38 A Baker St. North Fairview Quezon City
(+63) 9307151045
[email protected]

CAREER OBJECTIVES:

To pursue a highly rewarding seeking a job in a challenging and

healthy work environment where I can utilize my skills and knowledge
efficiently for organizational growth.

WORK EXPERIENCE:
● Telus International
Customer Representative
JAN. 2023 – Present
Quezon City

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Tertiary: St. Clare College

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
S.Y. 2019-Present
Senior High: South East Asia Institue Of Trade And Technology
S.Y. 2017-2019
Junior High: North Fairview High School
S.Y. 2013-2017
Primary: North Fairview Elementary School
S.Y. 2007-2013

Page 57 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

PERSONAL BAKGROUND:

Nickname: Niks
Gender: Female
Age: 21 years old
Date of Birth: April 10, 2002
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Height: 5’0
Weight: 45 kls.
Religion: Catholic
Dialects: Tagalog and English

CHARACTER REFERENCES:
● Jennica Bautista
Accounting Staff
Caloocan City
09155021094
● Brian Chua
Customer Service Representative
Quezon City
09105049437
● Marjorie Mae Fulgencio
Customer Service Representative
Quezon City
09915644675

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the
best of my knowledge.

CARISA NICOLE MAGBANUA

Page 58 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

Dhavevohrah Zam M. Lapuz

#1508 Sampaguita St., Area D Camarin Caloocan City
[email protected]
+639158598408

CAREER OBJECTIVES:
To obtain a responsible and challenging job and opportunity where I
could practice my knowledge and develop my personality as a career-oriented
person while utilizing my skills to bring out and harness the best of my
potentials for the glory of God and for the benefit of my employer.

WORK EXPERIENCE:
● Concentrix Ph
Customer Service Representative
(Health Care and Retail Account)
SEP 2020- APR 2021
● Wela School System
Data Encoder and Client Support
AUG 2021- PRESENT
● Love Fellowship Church International- Camarin Branch
Part Time Office Staff in Finance Department
JAN 2019- PRESENT

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Elementary: The Lord’s Wisdom Academy of Caloocan Inc.

S.Y. 2007-2013
Junior High: Better Children of St. Clare Montessori Center
S.Y. 2013-2017
Senior High: Ama Computer College Fairview Campus ABM Student
S.Y. 2017-2019
College: Far Eastern University- Diliman Campus
Bachelor of Science in Accountancy- 1styear
S.Y. 2019-2020
St. Clare College
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
S.Y. 2021-Present

Page 59 of 60
 St. Clare College
Caloocan City, NCR
Philippines

PERSONAL BAKGROUND:

Nickname: Debbie
Gender: Female
Age: 21 years old
Date of Birth: August 21, 2001
Place of Birth: Quezon City
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Height: 5’1
Weight: 70 kls.
Religion: Born Again Christian
Dialects: Tagalog and English

CHARACTER REFERENCES:
● Dennis A. Abajon
Pastor at Love Fellowship Church
International- Camarin Branch
0922-790-0742
● Louise Jane Chanco
Team Leader at Concentrix PH
0916-468-3904
● Keith Manligas
Customer Service Representative at
Concentrix PH
0905-379-0269

I hereby certify that the above information is true and correct to the
best of my knowledge.

Dhavevohrah Zam M. Lapuz

Page 60 of 60