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Chapter 12 13

The document discusses different types of IF-THEN conditional statements in Oracle including IF-THEN, IF-THEN-ELSE, and IF-THEN-ELSIF-ELSE. It also covers techniques for limiting and paginating query results, including using the ROWNUM clause and ROW_NUMBER function. The final section discusses using recursive sub-queries with the WITH clause to split delimited strings and generate integer sequences.

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ravi kumar
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45 views6 pages

Chapter 12 13

The document discusses different types of IF-THEN conditional statements in Oracle including IF-THEN, IF-THEN-ELSE, and IF-THEN-ELSIF-ELSE. It also covers techniques for limiting and paginating query results, including using the ROWNUM clause and ROW_NUMBER function. The final section discusses using recursive sub-queries with the WITH clause to split delimited strings and generate integer sequences.

Uploaded by

ravi kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 12: IF-THEN-ELSE Statement

Section 12.1: IF-THEN

DECLARE

v_num1 NUMBER(10);

v_num2 NUMBER(10);

BEGIN

v_num1 := 2;

v_num2 := 1;

IF v_num1 > v_num2 THEN

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_num1 is bigger than v_num2');

END IF;

END;

Section 12.2: IF-THEN-ELSE

DECLARE

v_num1 NUMBER(10);

v_num2 NUMBER(10);

BEGIN

v_num1 := 2;

v_num2 := 10;

IF v_num1 > v_num2 THEN

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_num1 is bigger than v_num2');

ELSE

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_num1 is NOT bigger than v_num2');

END IF;

END;

Section 12.3: IF-THEN-ELSIF-ELSE

DECLARE

v_num1 NUMBER(10);

v_num2 NUMBER(10);
BEGIN

v_num1 := 2;

v_num2 := 2;

IF v_num1 > v_num2 THEN

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_num1 is bigger than v_num2');

ELSIF v_num1 < v_num2 THEN

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_num1 is NOT bigger than v_num2');

ELSE

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('v_num1 is EQUAL to v_num2');

END IF;

END;

GoalKicker.com – Oracle® Database Notes for Professionals 39

Chapter 13: Limiting the rows returned by

a query (Pagination)

Section 13.1: Get first N rows with row limiting clause

The FETCH clause was introduced in Oracle 12c R1:

SELECT val

FROM mytable

ORDER BY val DESC

FETCH FIRST 5 ROWS ONLY;

An example without FETCH that works also in earlier versions:

SELECT * FROM (

SELECT val

FROM mytable

ORDER BY val DESC

) WHERE ROWNUM <= 5;

Section 13.2: Get row N through M from many rows (before

Oracle 12c)

Use the analytical function row_number():


WITH t AS (

SELECT col1

, col2

, ROW_NUMBER() over (ORDER BY col1, col2) rn

FROM TABLE

SELECT col1

, col2

FROM t

WHERE rn BETWEEN N AND M; -- N and M are both inclusive

Oracle 12c handles this more easily with OFFSET and FETCH.

Section 13.3: Get N numbers of Records from table

We can limit no of rows from result using rownum clause

SELECT * FROM

SELECT val FROM mytable

) WHERE rownum<=5

If we want first or last record then we want order by clause in inner query that will give result based on
order.

Last Five Record :

SELECT * FROM

SELECT val FROM mytable ORDER BY val DESC

GoalKicker.com – Oracle® Database Notes for Professionals 40

) WHERE rownum<=5

First Five Record

SELECT * FROM

SELECT val FROM mytable ORDER BY val


) WHERE rownum<=5

Section 13.4: Skipping some rows then taking some

In Oracle 12g+

SELECT Id, Col1

FROM TableName

ORDER BY Id

OFFSET 20 ROWS FETCH NEXT 20 ROWS ONLY;

In earlier Versions

SELECT Id,

Col1

FROM (SELECT Id,

Col1,

ROW_NUMBER() over (ORDER BY Id) RowNumber

FROM TableName)

WHERE RowNumber BETWEEN 21 AND 40

Section 13.5: Skipping some rows from result

In Oracle 12g+

SELECT Id, Col1

FROM TableName

ORDER BY Id

OFFSET 5 ROWS;

In earlier Versions

SELECT Id,

Col1

FROM (SELECT Id,

Col1,

ROW_NUMBER() over (ORDER BY Id) RowNumber

FROM TableName)

WHERE RowNumber > 20


Section 13.6: Pagination in SQL

SELECT val

FROM (SELECT val, ROWNUM AS rnum

FROM (SELECT val

FROM rownum_order_test

ORDER BY val)

WHERE ROWNUM <= :upper_limit)

WHERE rnum >= :lower_limit ;

GoalKicker.com – Oracle® Database Notes for Professionals 41

this way we can paginate the table data , just like web serch page

GoalKicker.com – Oracle® Database Notes for Professionals 42

Chapter 14: Recursive Sub-Query

Factoring using the WITH Clause (A.K.A.

Common Table Expressions)

Section 14.1: Splitting a Delimited String

Sample Data:

CREATE TABLE table_name ( VALUE VARCHAR2(50) );

INSERT INTO table_name ( VALUE ) VALUES ( 'A,B,C,D,E' );

Query:

WITH items ( list, item, lvl ) AS (

SELECT VALUE,

REGEXP_SUBSTR( VALUE, '[^,]+', 1, 1 ),

FROM table_name

UNION ALL

SELECT VALUE,

REGEXP_SUBSTR( VALUE, '[^,]+', 1, lvl + 1 ),

lvl + 1

FROM items
WHERE lvl < REGEXP_COUNT( VALUE, '[^,]+' )

SELECT * FROM items;

Output:

LIST ITEM LVL

--------- ---- ---

A,B,C,D,E A 1

A,B,C,D,E B 2

A,B,C,D,E C 3

A,B,C,D,E D 4

A,B,C,D,E E 5

Section 14.2: A Simple Integer Generator

Query:

WITH generator ( VALUE ) AS (

SELECT 1 FROM DUAL

UNION ALL

SELECT VALUE + 1

FROM generator

WHERE VALUE < 10

SELECT VALUE

FROM generator;

Output:

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