Class 10 - Science

Life Processes
Assignment 02

Question No. 1 to 5 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Sanjay studied about blood circulation in humans. He wanted to observe the flow of blood and was about to cut his finger a bit.
He suddenly realized that this could be fatal.

1. What is the correct route for blood flow in a human?

a. left auricle → left ventricle → right ventricle → right auricle → lungs
b. left auricle → left ventricle → lungs → right ventricle → right auricle
c. right auricle → right ventricle → lungs → left auricle → left ventricle
d. right auricle → right ventricle → left ventricle → left auricle → lungs
2. The diagram shows the vertical section through the heart:

What are the functions of the numbered blood vessels?

a. carries blood to body-1, carries blood to lungs-2, carries blood from lungs-3, carries blood from body-4
b. carries blood to body-2, carries blood to lungs-4, carries blood from lungs-3, carries blood from body-1
c. carries blood to body-3, carries blood to lungs-1, carries blood from lungs-4, carries blood from body-2
d. carries blood to body-1, carries blood to lungs-3, carries blood from lungs-4, carries blood from body-2

3. The table shows the characteristics of blood in one blood vessel of the body.
oxygen concentration carbon dioxide concentration pressure
high low high

Which blood vessel contains blood with these characteristics?

a. Pulmonary vein
b. Vena cava
c. Aorta
d. Pulmonary artery
4. The colour of blood is red due to the presence of
a. Haemoglobin
b. Xanthophyll
c. Hemocyanin
d. Chlorophyll
5. Which of the following chambers of the human heart contain oxygenated blood?
a. Right auricle and left ventricle

b. Left auricle and left ventricle

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 c. Left auricle and right ventricle
d. Right auricle and right ventricle
6. In an airtight experimental set-up which was used by you in the laboratory to study respiration in germinating seeds, the
seeds obtained the oxygen for respiration from
a. water in the germinating seeds
b. water in the beaker
c. water used for soaking the seeds
d. air in the flask
7. Which of the following raw material is required for photosynthesis?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Water
D. Hydrogen
a. A and B
b. All of these
c. A and D
d. A and C

8. Assertion (A): Plants excrete various waste products during their life processes.
Reason (R): They produce urea just like humans.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
9. Assertion (A): Translocation of sugar occurs through the phloem.
Reason (R): It is achieved by diffusion of sugars through phloem.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
10. State True or False:
i. Photosynthesis is anabolic process.
a. True
b. False
ii. Catabolism is constructive process while anabolism is destructive process.
a. True
b. False
11. Fill in the blanks:
a. ________ allows the exchange of materials between blood and tissues.
b. _______ do not show any molecular movement in them until they infect some cell.
12. Match the following:
(a) Systole (i) Phase of relaxation
(b) Diastole (ii) Phase of contraction

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 (c) Blood Pressure (iii) Contractile Vacuole
(d) Amoeba (iv) Sphygmomanometer
13. Name the cells through which translocation of food takes place.
14. What is the primary requirement for pancreatic enzymes to act?
15. How do the guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomatal pores?
16. State reason for the following:
i. Arteries have thick and elastic walls
ii. Arteries form capillaries
17. Leaves of healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline. Will this plant remain healthy for long? Give reasons for your
answer.
18. Explain the process of digestion of food in mouth, stomach and small intestine in human body.

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 Class 10 - Science
Life Processes
Assignment 02

Solution

1. (c) right auricle → right ventricle → lungs → left auricle → left ventricle
Explanation: right auricle → right ventricle → lungs → left auricle → left ventricle
2. (c) carries blood to body-3, carries blood to lungs-1, carries blood from lungs-4, carries blood from body-2
Explanation: carries blood to body-3, carries blood to lungs-1, carries blood from lungs-4, carries blood from body-2
3. (c) Aorta
Explanation: Aorta
4. (a) Haemoglobin
Explanation: Haemoglobin
5. (b) Left auricle and left ventricle
Explanation: Left auricle and left ventricle
6. (d) air in the flask
Explanation: The germinating seeds in the conical flask release CO2 during respiration, which is absorbed by the KOH
solution kept in the small test tube. This creates a partial vacuum in the flask that forces the water up the delivery tube.
Thus, it proves that germinating seeds produce carbon dioxide during respiration.
7. (d) A and C
Explanation: Green plants make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll, the green pigment
found in chloroplasts, traps light energy from the sun. The plant also takes in raw materials from the environment, water
through its roots and carbon dioxide moves into the stomata by diffusion.
8. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Like human beings and other organisms, plants also excrete various waste products during their life
processes. The waste products include gums, CO2, O2, resins, rubber, etc.
Urea is produced in humans liver and excreted in the form of urine through the urethra. Plants do not produce urea.
9. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The transport or movement of soluble products (sugar) of photosynthesis from leaves to other parts of the
plant is termed as translocation. It occurs in the part of vascular tissue known as phloem. The translocation in phloem is
mainly achieved by utilising energy by the expenditure of ATP.
10. State True or False:
i. (a) True
Explanation: True
ii. (b) False
Explanation: False

11. Fill in the blanks:

a. Capillaries
b. Viruses
12. (a) - (ii), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (iii)
13. Sieve tubes of phloem translocat food.

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14. The primary requirement for pancreatic enzymes to act is alkaline medium, as trypsin enzyme present in pancreatic juice
works only in alkaline medium.
15. The swelling of guard cells due to osmosis of water causes opening of stomatal pores while shrinking of guard cells
closes the pores. Opening and closing of stomata occurs due to turgor changes in guard cells. When guard cells are
turgid, stomatal pore is open while in flaccid conditions, the stomatal aperture closes.
16. i. Arteries are the vessels that carry blood away from the heart to various organs of the body.Since, the blood emerges
from the heart under high pressure, the arteries have thick and elastic walls.
ii. On reaching an organ or tissue, the artery divides into smaller and smaller vessels, i.e. capillaries to bring the blood in
contact with all the individual cells.
17. If leaves of a healthy potted plant are coated with vaseline, it will clog the stomatal pores on leaves. Blockage of
stomatal will stop transpiration and exchange of gases from leaves. Transpiration plays an important role in ascent of sap
in plants. Hence, lack of transpiration will stop ascent of sap. Moreover, stoppage of exchange of gases would also stop
respiration and photosynthesis in leaves. This will result in death of leaves and finally the plant would die due to lack of
food.
18. Digestion of food occurs in the following steps:
i. Mouth (Buccal cavity): The mouth contains teeth, which crush the food into small particles. Salivary glands present
in the mouth secrete saliva, which moistens the food. It also contains enzyme salivary amylase which gets mix with
food and form bolus. From here, food travels to the esophagus or swallowing tube. The esophagus is a muscular tube
extending from the pharynx to the stomach.
ii. Stomach- The stomach is a sac-like organ with strong muscular walls which acts like mixer and grinder. Gastric
glands are present in the wall of the stomach which release following secretions:
a. Hydrochloric acid To make the medium acidic for the action of enzyme pepsin.
b. Mucus To protect the inner lining of the stomach from the action of an acid.
c. Pepsin A protein-digesting enzyme.

iii. Small intestine is made up of three segments, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.  The small intestine is a long tube
loosely coiled in the abdomen It is the site of complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It receives
secretions from liver and pancreas.
a. Bile juice It is secreted by the liver and performs the following functions:
It makes the medium alkaline for the pancreatic enzymes to act. It also breaks down large fat globules into
smaller globules.
b. Pancreatic juice It is secreted by the pancreas. It contains enzymes like amylase for digesting starch, trypsin for
digesting proteins and lipase for breaking down emulsified fats.
c. Intestinal juice It is secreted by the walls of the small intestine. It contains a number of enzymes such as maltase,
lipase etc., for complete digestion

Colon - The final stage of the digestive system is the colon (large intestine) which absorbs water and salts before the
remains are passed out of the rectum as faeces. The colon can also help to absorb remaining carbohydrate and some fats.

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