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Basics of Computer

The document discusses the components and functions of a basic computer system. It describes the central processing unit including the control unit and arithmetic logic unit. It also covers input and output devices, primary and secondary storage, types of computer systems, peripherals, input and output technologies, and types of software including application and system software.

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JATIN MOHAN
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44 views17 pages

Basics of Computer

The document discusses the components and functions of a basic computer system. It describes the central processing unit including the control unit and arithmetic logic unit. It also covers input and output devices, primary and secondary storage, types of computer systems, peripherals, input and output technologies, and types of software including application and system software.

Uploaded by

JATIN MOHAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRESENTED BY

MANOJ L
An electronic device, operating under
the control of instructions stored in its
own memory unit, that can accept data
(input), manipulate the data according
to specified rules (process), produce
information (output) from the
processing, and store the results for
future use.
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)

Control Unit

Input Data Primary Storage


Output Data
Unit

Arithmetic and
Logic Unit

Secondary
Registers Storage
Unit
Any hardware component that allows you to
enter data, programs, commands, and
user responses into a computer
Includes –
Keyboard
Mouse
Optical Scanner
Touch Screen, so on
The processor, also called the central
processing unit (CPU), has subdivided into two
major subunits -

• The control unit interprets the instructions

• The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) performs


the logical and arithmetic processes
Converts the electronic information produced by the
processor into human-intelligible form for
presentation to end users.
Includes –
Video Display Unit
Printer
Audio Response Unit
Stores data and software instructions needed

for processing.

 Primary Storage Unit – RAM & ROM

 Secondary Storage Unit –


Floppy disk, or diskette
Compact Disc CD-R, CD-RW, CD-ROM
DVDs – DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM
Flash disk/USB drive
Hard disk ( non removable)
Cache Memory for high speed – Storage circuitry stores

temporary instructions and data elements


1. TYPES OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS
• Microcomputer systems
•Personal computers, PDA’s, workstations etc.
• Midrange systems
•Network or Web servers, Multi-user systems etc.
• Mainframe systems
•Enterprise systems, Super servers, Transaction
Processors etc.
2. PERIPHERALS

•Monitors

•Printers

•Scanners

•Hard Disk Drives

•CD & DVD (Dissociated Vertical Deviation) Drives

•Backup Systems
3. INPUT TECHNOLOGIES

•Pointing Devices

•Pen based Computing

•Speech Recognition System

•Optical scanning

•Magnetic stripe

•Smart Cards
4. OUTPUT TECHNOLOGIES
•Video Output
•Printed Output
•Storage
•Magnetic Disks
•Floppy disks
•Hard disk drives
•Magnetic Tape
•Optical Disks
Is the general term for various kinds of programs
used to operate and manipulate computers and
their peripheral devices.
TYPES OF SOFTWARE

•Application Software: performs information processing tasks for end


users.

•General purpose application programs

•Application specific programs (custom software)

•System Software: manages and supports operations of computer


systems and networks.

•System management programs.

•System development programs.


Application Software

 Business application software


 Software suites
 Web browsers
 Electronic mail & Instant messaging
 Word processing
 DTP (Desktop Publishing)
 Electronic spreadsheets
 Presentation graphics
 Personal information managers
 Groupware
System software
System management programs: Programs that manage the hardware,
software, network and data resources of computer systems during the
execution of information processing jobs of the user.
E.g. Operating system, DBMS etc.

System development program: Programs that help users develop


information system programs and procedures and prepare user programs
for computer processing.
E.g. Programming language translators & editors,
CASE (computer aided software engineering)
Computer software
Performs Manages & supports
information operations of
processing tasks computer systems
for end users and networks

Application System
software software

General
purpose Application- System System
application specific development management
programs programs programs programs

Word processor, CRM, ERP, CASE packages, OS, DBMS,


Spreadsheet E- commerce Programming Application
Web browsers editors & tools servers
THE END

THANK YOU

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