CE0061

Professional Course 4 – (Specialized 2) StE Track:

Prestressed Concrete Design
Introduction to Prestressed Concrete Design
 Module 1
OBJECTIVES

■At the end of the chapter, the learner should be able to:

− Familiarization on the basics of Prestressed concrete design

− Enumerate design procedures in Prestressed concrete design.
INTRODUCTION TO PRESTRESSED CONCRETE DESIGN

Basic Terminologies and

Historical Development
of Prestressed Concrete Design
Definition of Terms

Prestressed Concrete
• - concrete in which there have been
introduced internal stresses of such
magnitude and distribution that
stresses resulting from external loads
are counter-acted to a desired degree.
• Source: https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Prestressed_concrete
Definition of Terms
Cast – in – Place Concrete
• - concrete cast in its final position

• Source: https://mandnconcrete.com/cast-in-place-concrete-walls/
Definition of Terms
Pre – Cast Concrete
• - concrete member formed in the
plant site or even at the job site but
not in its final position

• Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/search/precast+concrete+beam
Definition of Terms
In-situ Composite
• - concrete member consisting of the pre-cast and cast-in-place members

• Source: https://engineeringdiscoveries.com/2020/02/25/what-are-composite-beams-and-advantages/
Definition of Terms
Bonded Tendon
• - Prestressing tendon that is bonded to
concrete either directly or through
grouting

• Source: https://www.dywidag-systems.com/emea/products/post-tensioning-
systems/dywidag-prestressing-systems-using-bars/bonded-bar-tendons/
Definition of Terms
Anchorage
• - In Post-Tensioning, a device used
to anchor tendon to concrete
member
• - In Pre-tensioning, a device used to
anchor tendon during the
hardening of concrete

• Source: https://civildigital.com/anchorage-systems-post-tensioning-types-prestressed-
concrete-anchorages-images/
Definition of Terms

Tendon
• - Steel element such wire, cable bar,
rod or strand, or a bundle of such
elements, used to impart prestressed
to concrete.

• Source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Prestressed-concrete-PSC-girder-with-multiple-
tendons_fig3_321933178
Definition of Terms
Jacking Force
• - In Prestressed Concrete, temporary
force exerted by device that
introduces tension into prestressing
tendons.

• Source: http://www.mocivilengineering.com/2019/05/jacking-force-for-prestressing-
concrete.html
Definition of Terms
Effective Prestress
• - Stress remaining in prestressing
tendons after all losses have occurred,
excluding effects of dead load and
superimposed load.

• Source: https://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/%28ASCE%29BE.1943-5592.0000712
Definition of Terms
Pretensioning
• - Method of Prestressing in which
tendons are tensioned before concrete
has hardened.

• Source: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-pretension-and-post-
tension-in-structural-members/
Definition of Terms
Post - Tensioning
• - Method of Prestressing in which
tendons are tensioned after concrete has
hardened.

• Source: https://www.onlinecivilforum.com/site/stages-post-tensioning/
Definition of Terms
Curvature Friction
• - Friction resulting from bends or curves in the specified prestressing tendon profile.

• Source: https://repository.lib.ncsu.edu/bitstream/handle/1840.20/34128/SMiRT-
23_Paper_748.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Definition of Terms
Wobble Friction
• - In Prestressed concrete, a friction curved by unintended deviation of prestressing or
duct from its specified profile.

• Source: https://repository.lib.ncsu.edu/bitstream/handle/1840.20/34128/SMiRT-
23_Paper_748.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUmjjedbK-0&t=3s
INTRODUCTION TO PRESTRESSED CONCRETE DESIGN

Principles and Procedures in

Prestressed Concrete Design
Advantages of Prestressed
Concrete over Reinforced
Concrete
Advantages of PS Concrete over RC
Structural Advantage
- Prestressed concrete is more suitable for
structures of long span and those carrying
heavy loads because of the higher strength
of materials employed. Prestressed concrete
structures are more slender and hence
more adaptable to architectural design and
they do not crack under working loads. The
deflection is reduced under dead loads and
live loads because of the cambering effect of
prestress.
• Source: https://civildigital.com/what-are-the-advantages-of-prestressed-concrete-over-
conventional-reinforced-concrete/
Advantages of PS Concrete over RC

Durability
- Durability of concrete depends upon the
corrosion of steel which is responsible for
chemical attack thus resulting to
disintegration of concrete. Prestressed
concrete is more durable because of its
lesser amount of steel.

• Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/prestressed-concrete
Advantages of PS Concrete over RC
Safety
- Prestressed concrete when properly
designed has the ability to resist shock,
impact loads and repeated working loads.
Prestressed concrete gives also ample
warming before impending collapse

• Source: https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Prestressed_concrete
Advantages of PS Concrete over RC
Economy
- Prestressed concrete is more economical
when heavy load or long spans are
encountered

• Source: https://theconstructor.org/concrete/prestressed-concrete-principles-advantages/28/
Methods of Tensioning Wires
or Tendons
Methods of Tensioning Wires or Tendons

a) Mechanical prestressing by means of

jacks

• Source: https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29CF.1943-5509.0000478
Methods of Tensioning Wires or Tendons
b) Electrical prestressing by application of heat

• Source: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/12/2782/htm
Methods of Tensioning Wires or Tendons

c) Chemical prestressing by means of

expanding cement

• Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0008884617312103
Losses of Prestress in Pre – Tensioning Members
a) Elastic shortening of concrete

b) Creep

c) Shrinkage

d) Relaxation

e) Friction Losses
f) Anchorage Slip

• Source: https://www.slideshare.net/ManjuParanthaman/7-losses-in-prestress
 Prestressed Concrete

Frey – Fil: The Industrial

Plant and its Products
The Difference
Materials
Tendons
Parts of a Tendon
Sheathing used in Tendons
Equipment
Heavy Equipment that Lifts the Pre – Cast Concrete Beams
and Columns
Truck Mixers
Products
Pre – Cast Columns
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC)
Post – Tensioning of Slabs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MrQD2NamUE
Post – Tensioning of Beams
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTtArVV-Q34
 ASK ANY QUESTION
RELATED TO OUR TOPIC
FOR TODAY.
Do the Exercises about
the Introduction to
Prestressed Concrete
Design
Reference:
Benaim, R. (2008). The Design of prestressed concrete bridges. Oxfordshire,
UK: Taylor & Francis.
Hurst, M. K. (2002). Prestressed concrete design. CRC Press.
Naaman, A. E. (1982). Prestressed concrete analysis and design: fundamentals.
New York: McGraw-Hill.
Nawy, E. G. (1996). Prestressed concrete: A fundamental approach.
Raju, N. K. (2006). Prestressed concrete. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.