LIMITS + Limits Limit of a function ok any poivek can be said to be the value of the function at hu immediate nbd of ‘hak poivk Foy 2- Ath N. Win Xt > £0) 30 be Jim 4) =0 wr 4 Left Hand Limit (LHL): lel 4: #@) beadunt ‘Hun ab 1 tends toa? fom left fand side ts called “HL ce LHL: fim £00 y0- ae x=0-h ao ho eet cgeen)h20'- =# Rat Hand Lioit (@-4:L): lef 4400 bea function ‘then as x tends to ‘a {som wight aide \S called RL be HL: Lim $a) azat = fe 4(a+h) #F Enishence of Limits Let 4= $00 be a. furdion and x20 be 0. poiwt fhm, fim of 400 at a exist (FHL = RHL = finite (6) be jim 40-6) = din Hath) = Finitea | a Jim 400 = fin $0023 fim FOO = A> OF wat Ae 5 (Oe Ce Limit exigt of X20 hm. A a Xd Jim. £e=3 te Limit D-N-e- HAO 40) = 5 ok A=0 im 4(a) =% tn tore JI aes fiw. £60 = DANE. X20 +£ Ow Sided Jimits Sf owe Side ef nbd 8 not o domain ,thue the Lemnit f fe function wu be Limit ow other side- Exp: dim 5% — Domain [o,00) X>0Soy UWL = Sim F(a) 18 hot (MW The domMaru X07 Le we will not talk about LHL Now $4 QuL i fimte ten Aim $00 exist A B : NAVO and it will be one sided Limct: rvot » lim GK =0 x0 Qw: Find te emit of the following function QO: Jin, {xJ DNE ®@: fim {xi ONE wt @: lim bd ipa £ AOL @: dim aden (a-1) DNE Yt ©: Jin at =. Yet {agE Limit by Graphs 0 him foo-4 (owe sided (imit) Ho = ® fim £00= D-NE No-L 6: dim 40024 x20+ © dine 400 = DNE X70 @: him f(a)= 2 Wo © dime 400) = 2 AA @: dim £09 =3Dose ®. im ft) = 3 WE @: da ~ DNE: fim 400 - DNE tt Tndebominawt form: o 2, 2B, 0-0) 0, | , 0X00, D0” ae Methods to Evaluake the Limits s— O: Fox the foam 0, 0 , 90-00 , OX oO go: use, @ -Factorsabiow{Cabionalisatiow | Double Rakonl: Hs (4 ule @: Senies Expansion @: Fox Ru for 0° 00 1”@: Taring 1 Sella @: Divect formula (shortcut) few \ (OPN = (2 ©: 4f (at, Ari, San) peestuk inthe Question tha fist chuck LL KAHL Qu: Evaluate he {allowing Jimit © im : . oe ea - I @: dim La=b -Sere_ = Wh W- a> 4ala-b ne = 0 (Owsnded o*) . Si 190 {4-Te -% @: bin eM*-1 ONE woe etant + (©: 44 Nim 40 =3 whuxe 4 14 a you" Yoo Dal : depee pay nora Ham fa Value of FO GF 3 @: 1/2 @+0 @: INE * 6: 5 Jin 002 botecatd exist thus find 420 ye the value of dbod mbele Rodeo kk @: Sf tooe£(4)=foo-f(s) SE £(4)= 65 hun find dim $00 X26 @:.219 Sate Orato rau 6: sf Siew Soar -2 22, Mur (ab) 120 XU @: (a4) Gi (H4) Os (84) O: dne PY teen Od te eeeSPMaaee reese eer reese mses eee eee EEE | x2 Sa" -2'* @.2 O:4% @:6 8 | B 2, 2 2 Ate: On (jase oe, le ant) ™ &. (oo @. So @. “50 @:0 +e Fundamental theovems ow Limits tet dim Lou and in g(a) =m: st Lam ane WO Aa Sinite thaw. 0: fin. {4 +4004 = him @: din, § Foo 4004 = Jin f(a): din gens fn $0 AIO seme NOH 5%) Tin go mM te @» Lim ¥: £00 = K fim £@ = el7 : Specter: NOW gy hn, ae) = (Hg) = Fo) HF 1 ss coukinuous a =m = Some Tempra peurite Expawstow a . + 0: finn 2 %- 22+ We - Hee - Hoo: ai st at ab eee el Gh 5 ®: tanx = ate 4 ao eee Si @: (osx “a ©: er = tented. ne a et Ai ©. (te = tenet gird aoe an-n2),2,.. 2 3{ @: Jn(\+2) = Ae 4 ie ea a TISnds| @: a*= ee eee 5 OCIS AXsl 2 5 6: fit = atts tata 4 (sth... a St @: tan = x- 24 oS _ 3S Sy 2 ae @: (14% = @ (\-% eg ood ~) Type 1: (2, 20. doxm \ U Hospital's Rules - if hie aS tabes 2 ov dorm {fou X20 Q hin, be until Lor S eliminabe- KIO ‘ (x) QO: line bee (5, 5.) Anx Aw: a, AeL 80: him {rosa Aalto Aww AK ot (tan’2x) Avs: 4= xo Itann ter 86: dio x (logx)” bt mnein — Aw:o J0" AQ: hin Jt tot Avvs = 00 A270 (ze AQ: Jin Aine — tari tata Aw X70 oo AO: fin Bin(s) wt AI Inta-1) “KG: St KLP ane roots of antbutc =o thu find fe Value of Jin (-ts(axrebx+c) (x-K)* @: ey ef 0 («-P) @:2K-P) @:NoTA 2 a i 2. / AO: dim (ata) Ain (at) -a fina = Aadsina+dge X70 wusi Some Standand Limits i 4) O- him Aina - him ‘tan, . tro & X2o ®: dim Bin Jim tare 2 4 Aw70 me Noro wm @ dim (14a le e 2 kim cn “se 22 0 6: dio (t+4) 2 & damn \ (14.4) a e* @: dim 1. =k fim, ob -1. dna X20 & @: Lim Yate 24 nea 0 OU @: dim 2-0" a". na Xa “a 80: Jim (2%) Aw: bo3 noo \ 2%-1 dor Aw: 2 0a: fm xle"-0cement 270 |S NO: Yom (402) hin Aw: b 420 ‘RO: fim 22 Aw: 5 —_— rae ene yor fAinla-s) 40: Line (im {iien) Aw: 40 80: Sim (\-a)tan (mx Avs: 2- dim ( ) ts on 0@: din ern et Aw: 1 X70 fanra- % 00: Lim eC = ws (08% Avs. 3 Hr0 we a 46: ion zis Aw: APH ! (e*-e44@: hin Ain(e™ =") Aw. o ne Ge Tog) 0) ee Type:® (stardavd fimit) 2 4440070 whan xa fun, o: Lim Ain(f) a4 N20 — Fe) @: Vien (os(£00) = 2 AO 6: Him tari $00) 4 mea ~ 400 (a) \ t b -| c b @: ion eta -4 Lm aay Sh ae X(a) NPG ©: fim Mn (V4 $00) a Wa OD ©: Jim (1440) 3 Ee ae pe Rape ituke SelaGee a caMeccisee ame neem cece Neceisceaaaa See el pe neeenasga marge X70 1 Ww 40: sf Ninn Acasa Grbina-S exis ts and x0 34 finite Huw find ‘fu. value of ALB and dlbo find Jinit Aw: AzS> = 5,E~= oe, 48: (oh F(0) = Axhinan +Asinnt Bos » 4¢ . car him £00 exists and finite Aum Kind ie V ut of N70 ALb and Limit also: Aw: A= 72? B24) 2 * 4@: tel, { bea biquadsake Function oh At: hin, ($20) P= -2 for find He vol N20 an of (£00\ Aus - wt Bo ad Ie. ant blittnntene er thuSerene PPE | os . X70 1 sinn find fu value af akb Avs: Se c= 3 40: $f x is wwe soot of the 6 (ou ffs Lim, -e05(PO jg Pla)= > A-2 =O Ak x4 K-A equal to te at @: Zz & oa @: EG ®: > aD: Lek 4a = 5-(acal & go = aatl mek Tf tm attains maximum volute at B thu dim (at) (Sat 6) (5 ual +o: jn Oe O42. 0-32 Osi. OH 96: 42 bin mag nea FEN 820 AEes (A-+) ne thur the value of “ @: 20 @: 60 40 ©: 60 §: 5f din. a1 (V+ outasx) - bine 21) Yue 190 =e , {ind thu value of lax bl @ 6 #8 4 O2 OG: $4 4a) = (2) Hm Lard + (al him £00 i "20 @:-+ ®:0 @:1 wWdne Type: ee 0°, 00° form]: jis. (4oaye™ if hin $0) = 4 & fim 40% a Wa A228 n?thu. . 40) Jin, (4-1) x20) ee Evaluate te following Junits- 0: Jim (: o(E9)\™ Aus: e @: Jin (Bie! (=) ada Aws 045 1 \O8™ where arbor ok d @. din (\+ rae .) he val @: Liv. (din (se) Aw: o* 20 Ww areb™ - ye 5 (Aibre 70) 6: Jin. (arbre “\F Avs: (aoc)? @. fim (\+2+ fo Ae 2 than £0) « ? wel Aus. 29%Newtow-Leibnitz's Formula. im. Evaluating Limit’ tee us awunne thal, 3 (w) Foo= | 4todt 4) Now, by using Newton Lecbnitz's Fay =F (ato) gd ~ $ (hel) oR qa) ~~ Foo = [4c £(e)dt hr) (a) FOO = goo | £(t) dt (00) FOd= OO | 4(aca) 40) - £(moo)tca)]7 “| f(eddt xO (x) AW due: Evaluate the following Limits — ae QO: \ 3 et dt - 3x42? oY J Avs: ty 3xF (at) oan J tas(t*) dt Aus: 0 a, (a-1 Ain G0 Mise: froblem s Qs: fim \*r bE men = yoo \ (mn)® GX Om Gem OS, em i | «Aid alpine] ob eee AeronGO: Mion | 4 2 4 == 190 @: 00 @:0 6: n(red G0 nu 49: Jw a ees 2) @: 0, 4305 ---- Ou LF-0\020s -- Qu Q:G04dg-- an @: DNE o(nn-e) 66: fin oon em) 4 Nae fo O41 Ot on™ 10 td Jin 4- 24k Jie foes and spin £( (ae- ne) = A x dirw tat. _o2) Run valu A @:2 6:6 Gs @:4 nen Pry a he peHO ee ee aes 4(H) Sint were bo thu tim 4 (\-s22) . 2 190 b @:-~ BG Grab ON GG: Ih fs Rik suce that 402344006 Hho Nes s4uenn 4” equals @:4 O: ct fer Oe QO: Leh {2 RR bea dif oewtiable Fun paistying 41+ He) =0 than the value Jim. (iste \" ib so TF FO O.¢ Ouc o:et G1QO: $4 br Jim. (i+ axebx2) 1 = e? uw find seu velu of ab Aw: a+, berR +e Limit aba Gums- Lek fa be @ cowknuous function in [ab] defined Oo follow © The inhe gral, of #(x) ts the axea of tu vegion bdd by fat cuave ¥= fa) 4 Avea of ABCD = jose — 0 Let us cowider the width of eath. gubindewal as h fuck that ho oo 8 ee cori ance & nz beeCee i en “ fea. of ABco - fox fea eter dad +> ~ FF 00) = qh [$+ Fu) a--- 4000) J = WL Alays flats --- + F(ax(r0h] = ba 2 4(a+h) i viz0 by Equ* © b u“-\ \ 4a) dx = b-a & 4(a4xh) a VA 0) b -\ dim J {oda din he Llarsh) M0 bay n29 & Jfoode- bon 2) € f (arr (v-2)) b fey fr f-a\ 2 £ (a (i-£)+br)Seaeeseeeeeeeeareeseceeree PON) (com a fut a-0 2 b=1 J fonse = tim + 24 (%) N20 er Method +o Evaluates Stepi: Express the lent ef sum os definite me eraw (R) 2% herbi Sep: Evaluate Jon (3) by pubing lest and aveukat value of which will be lowed upper limit of intepsabion wopectivey. dw: Evaluate the. following Nini ts - O: hin [oo tte bee) pee ltn £e, £424nPee ee eee eee ®: bin 1 (\ Fg... an] noo @: Lim (24 Ee SS --o +t) nom \neai> e422 n @: Jim (4 + a an 48. +4) noo | (neiy> (aay an Wee . 4jn ae bin ($x) , Suries QO: (zn) \ +i" — Za ( s .) lb L en " ny xn" Ieee (Sa)dQ: hin (tan Aan 2 _. tm ne\n OK n20 5 eS 2K