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Name : Upper Chenna keshava
Reg No:19BCI0170

Code for parity checking

int main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter the no. of bits of data\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
int ch, data[n];
printf("Select the parity type:-\n1.Even Parity\n2.Odd parity");
scanf("%d",&ch);
printf("Enter the data for which you want to calculate the parity one by one\n");
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
scanf("%d",&data[i]);
}
printf("Data sent by the sender = ");
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
printf("%d",data[i]);
}

int count=0,cnt;
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
if (data[i]==1)
count+=1;
cnt=count;
}
printf("\n\n%d",count);

int paritybit;
if (cnt%2==0)
paritybit=0;
else
paritybit=1;
 printf("\nData sent by the sender along with even parity bit = ");
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
printf("%d",data[i]);
}
printf(" %d",paritybit);
}
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner
Reg NO: 19CI0170
Name:Upper Chenna keshava

Implement Hamming Code using C++, C or Python.

Code:
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Hamming
{
string message;
int codeword[50],temp[50];
int n,check;
char parity;
public:
Hamming()
{
parity = 'E';
message = "";
n=check=0;
for(int i=0;i<50;i++)
{
temp[i]=codeword[i]=0;
}
}

void generate()
{
do
{
cout<<"Enter the message in binary : ";
cin>>message;
}while(message.find_first_not_of("01") != string::npos);
n=message.size();
cout<<"Odd(O)/Even(E) Parity ? ";
cin>>parity;
for(unsigned int i=0;i<message.size();i++)
{
if(message[i] == '1')
temp[i+1]=1;
 else
temp[i+1]=0;
}
computeCode();
}
void computeCode()
{
check = findr();
cout<<"Number of Check Bits : "<<check<<endl;
cout<<"Number of Bits in Codeword : "<<n+check<<endl;
for(int i=(n+check),j=n;i>0;i--)
{
if((i & (i - 1)) != 0)
codeword[i] = temp[j--];
else
codeword[i] = setParity(i);
}
cout<<"Parity Bits - ";
for(int i=0;i<check;i++)
cout<<"P"<<pow(2,i)<<" : "<<codeword[(int)pow(2,i)]<<"\t";
cout<<endl;
cout<<"Codeword :"<<endl;
for(int i=1;i<=(n+check);i++)
cout<<codeword[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}
int findr()
{
for(int i=1;;i++)
{
if(n+i+1 <= pow(2,i))
return i;
}}
int setParity(int x)
{
bool flag = true;
int bit;
if(x == 1)
{
bit = codeword[x+2];
for(int j=x+3;j<=(n+check);j++)
{
if(j%2)
{
bit ^= codeword[j];
 }
}
}
else
{
bit = codeword[x+1];
for(int i=x;i<=(n+check);i++)
{
if(flag)
{
if(i==x || i==x+1)
bit = codeword[x+1];
else
bit ^= codeword[i];
}
if((i+1)%x == 0)
flag = !flag;
}
}
if(parity == 'O' || parity == 'o')
return !bit;
else
return bit;
}
void correct()
{
do
{
cout<<"Enter the received codeword : ";
cin>>message;
}while(message.find_first_not_of("01") != string::npos);
for(unsigned int i=0;i<message.size();i++)
{
if(message[i] == '1')
codeword[i+1]=1;
else
codeword[i+1]=0;
}
detect();
}
void detect()
{
int position = 0;
cout<<"Parity Bits - ";
for(int i=0;i<check;i++)
{
bool flag = true;
int x = pow(2,i);
int bit = codeword[x];
if(x == 1)
{
for(int j=x+1;j<=(n+check);j++)
{
if(j%2)
{
bit ^= codeword[j];
}
}
}
else
{
for(int k=x+1;k<=(n+check);k++)
{
if(flag)
{
bit ^= codeword[k];
}
if((k+1)%x == 0)
flag = !flag;
}
}
cout<<"P"<<x<<": "<<bit<<"\t";
if((parity=='E' || parity == 'e') && bit==1)
position += x;
if((parity=='O' || parity == 'o') && bit==0)
position += x;
}
cout<<endl<<"Received Codeword :"<<endl;
for(int i=1;i<=(n+check);i++)
cout<<codeword[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
if(position != 0)
{
cout<<"Error at bit : "<<position<<endl;
codeword[position] = !codeword[position];
cout<<"Corrected Codeword : "<<endl;
for(int i=1;i<=(n+check);i++)
cout<<codeword[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}
 else
cout<<"No Error in Received code."<<endl;
cout<<"Received Message is : ";
for(int i=1;i<=(n+check);i++)
if((i & (i - 1)) != 0)
cout<<codeword[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
char
choice; do
{
Hamming a;
cout<<"At Sender's side :
"<<endl; a.generate();
cout<<endl<<"At Receiver's Side : "<<endl;
a.correct();
cout<<endl<<"Enter another code ? (Y/N) : ";
cin>>choice;
cout<<endl;
}while(choice == 'y' || choice == 'Y');
return 0;
}