Meteorology Practice Test Answer Key

1. Fronts
2. Cold 42. False
3. Warm 43. Medieval Warm Period or Medieval Climate
4. Stationary Front Optimum or Medieval Climatic Anomaly
5. Stationary Front 44. Dendrochronology
6. Occluded Front 45. False
7. Warm Front 46. False
8. Cold Front
47. Density
9. Cold or Cold-type
10. Warm or Warm-type 48. Sunspots, Colder, Increased
11. Dry Line or Dew Point Front 49. 22.1, 24.5 (order doesn’t matter)
12. False 50. 26,000
13. Troposphere 51. Csc: Dry-summer maritime subalpine
14. Mesosphere 52. Rain Shadow
15. Stratosphere
53. Orographic Lift
16. Thermosphere
54. 1
17. Stratosphere, Thermosphere
(order doesn’t matter) 55. Autumn
18. Troposphere, Mesosphere (order 56. Summer
doesn’t matter) 57. 4
19. Tropopause 58. True
20. Mesopause 59. Decreasing
21. Stratopause
60. Higher (or warmer, etc.)
22. Mesosphere
23. Stratosphere 61. Higher (or warmer, etc.), Less
24. Troposphere 62. False
25. False 63. False
26. Polar High 64. A
27. Polar Easterlies 65. Yes
28. Subpolar Low 66. No
29. Westerlies
67. Water Vapor
30. Subtropical High
31. Northeast Trade Winds 68. A
32. Intertropical Convergence Zone 69. True
33. Southeast Trade Winds 70. TB#1: Answers may vary: Aerosols can scatter
34. Subtropical High and absorb incoming solar radiation. The
35. Westerlies scattering of insolation causes cooling, while the
36. Subpolar Low
absorption of insolation causes warming. Aerosols
37. Polar Easterlies
can also serve as cloud condensation nuclei. The
38. Polar High
39. Urban Heat Island Effect increased incidence of clouds will result in a less
40. False extreme diurnal temperature range.
41. Little Ice Age 71. TB#2: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
 Meteorology Practice Test
1. Transition zones between two air masses of different densities are called what?
Fronts
2. A __cold__front occurs when a cold air mass replaces a warmer one.

3. A __warm__ front occurs when a warm air mass replaces a colder one.

4. What type of front is pictured in Figure A?

Stationary front
5. What type of front does Figure B represent on a weather map?
Stationary front
6. What type of front is symbolized on a weather map as a solid purple line
with alternating triangles and semicircles pointing the same direction?
Occluded front
7. What type of front is pictured in Figure C?
Warm front
8. What type of front is pictured in Figure D?
Cold front
9. Figure E pictures a __cold or cold-type__ occlusion.

10. Figure F pictures a __warm or warm-type__ occlusion.

11. What is a boundary that separates a moist air mass from a dry air mass called?
Dry Line or Dew Point Front
12. True or false: warm fronts generally are faster moving than cold fronts.
False (cold fronts move faster than warm fronts)
13. The layer of the atmosphere closest to the surface of the Earth is the _troposphere_.

14. The layer of the atmosphere third closest to the Earth’s surface is the _mesosphere_.

15. The layer of the atmosphere second closest to the Earth’s surface is the _stratosphere_.

16. The layer of the atmosphere fourth closest to the Earth’s surface is the _thermosphere_.

17. Temperature increases with altitude in the _ stratosphere _ and _ thermosphere _.

(order doesn’t matter)
18. Temperature decreases with altitude in the _ troposphere _ and _ mesosphere _. (order
doesn’t matter)
19. The __tropopause__ separates the troposphere and stratosphere.

20. The __mesopause__ separates the mesosphere and thermosphere.

21. The __stratopause__ separates the stratosphere and mesosphere.

22. Meteors disintegrate in which layer of the atmosphere?

Mesosphere

23. Most of the ozone layer is located in which layer of the atmosphere?

Stratosphere

24. Almost all weather occurs in which layer of the atmosphere?

Troposphere

25. True or false: the tropopause varies in altitude with latitude; 17 kilometers high at the
poles and 9 kilometers high at the equator.
False (9 km at the poles and 17 km at the equator)
 For questions 26-38, refer to Figure G

26. Name the pressure belt. Polar High

27. Name the prevailing wind pattern. Polar Easterlies

28. Name the pressure belt. Subpolar Low

29. Name the prevailing wind pattern. Westerlies

30. Name the pressure belt. Subtropical High

31. Name the prevailing wind pattern. Northeast Trade Winds

32. Name the pressure belt. Intertropical Convergence Zone

33. Name the prevailing wind pattern. Southeast Trade Winds

34. Name the pressure belt. Subtropical High

35. Name the prevailing wind pattern. Westerlies

36. Name the pressure belt. Subpolar Low

37. Name the prevailing wind pattern. Polar Easterlies

38. Name the pressure belt. Polar High

 Climate
39. The average temperature of a large city is about 2 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than the
surrounding outstate area at similar latitude and elevation. What term describes this
phenomenon best?
Urban Heat Island Effect

40. True or false: Weather near a large body of water tends to be warmer in the summer and
colder in the winter than the surrounding land area.
False (it would be cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter)
41. The Maunder Minimum occurred at the same time as the middle of what climatological
event?
Little Ice Age
42. True or false: the Dalton Minimum lasted approximately from 1730 to 1890 C.E.
False (it lasted approximately from 1790 to 1830 C.E.)
43. The Little Ice Age was a period of cooling that occurred after what climatological event?
Medieval Warm Period or Medieval Climate Optimum or Medieval Climatic Anomaly
44. What is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree growth
rings called?
Dendrochronology
45. True or false: water vapor is not a greenhouse gas.
False (water vapor is a very important greenhouse gas)
46. True or false: the urban heat island effect is most noticeable during the day.
False (the urban heat island effect is most noticeable during the night)
47. Thermohaline circulation refers to the global, _density_-driven motion of the Earth’s
oceans

48. What are dark spots on the photosphere of the sun called? Are they warmer or cooler
than the rest of the photosphere? Are they associated with increased or decreased energy
output from the sun?
Sunspots, Colder, Increased
49. With respect to the plane of Earth’s orbit, Earth’s axial tilt varies between __22.1__ and
__24.5__ degrees (please give answers to the nearest tenth of a degree). (order doesn’t
matter)
50. Earth’s axial precession has a period of roughly __26,000__ years.

51. Name the class on the Köppen climate classification: temperate, dry summers, less than
three months with mean temperatures above 10 °C.
Csc: Dry-summer maritime subalpine
52. Figure H depicts the
_rain_ _shadow_ effect.

53. What is the method of lift

shown in Figure H?
Orographic Lift

54. In Figure I, which number refers to the position of the Earth during the June solstice?
1
55. In Figure I, which season occurs between positions 4 and 1 in the Southern Hemisphere?
Autumn
56. In Figure I, position 1 marks the start of which season in the Northern Hemisphere?
Summer
57. In Figure I, which number refers to the position of the Earth during the Northern
Hemisphere’s vernal equinox?
4
58. True or false: the Earth reaches perihelion in early January and aphelion in early July.
True
59. Is the Earth’s axial tilt currently increasing or decreasing?
Decreasing
60. Under El Niño conditions, temperatures in British Columbia during its winter are
generally __higher (or warmer, etc.)__ than usual.
61. Under El Niño conditions, Madagascar tends to have __higher (or warmer, etc.)__
temperatures and __less__ precipitation than usual during its summer.

62. True or false: Under El Niño conditions, from December to January, Florida tends to
experience warmer and wetter conditions.
False (Florida would tend to experience cooler and wetter conditions)
63. True or false: Under La Niña conditions, from December to January, Florida tends to
experience cooler and drier conditions.
False (Florida would tend to experience warmer and drier conditions)
64. __A__ What is another word for axial tilt?
a) Obliquity
b) Precession
c) Insolation
d) Eccentricity
65. Do ocean currents influence climate? Yes
66. Do fronts influence climate? No
67. What is the most significant variable gas by volume in the planetary boundary layer?
Water Vapor
68. __A__ Which of the following generally has the highest albedo?
a) Fresh snow
b) Water
c) Grass
d) Blacktop
69. True or false: water’s albedo can vary depending on the angle of the incoming solar
radiation striking the surface of the water.
True
70. Tiebreaker #1: how can particulate matter affect atmospheric temperatures on earth?
Answers may vary: Aerosols can scatter and absorb incoming solar radiation. The
scattering of insolation causes cooling, while the absorption of insolation causes
warming. Aerosols can also serve as cloud condensation nuclei. The increased incidence
of clouds will result in a less extreme diurnal temperature range.

71. Tiebreaker #2: IPCC is an abbreviation for what?

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change