100% found this document useful (2 votes)
3K views77 pagesPython Handwritten Notes Book?
Uploaded by
Vijay KumarCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
100% found this document useful (2 votes)
3K views77 pagesPython Handwritten Notes Book?
Uploaded by
Vijay KumarCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 77
‘
PYTHON
PROGRAMMING
mEIeS oP Date ...
Bs Py THON PROGRAMMING
a SCODING BUGS ENOTES GALLERY
c- Introducing Python - Me
i — fytten &_a_high- level genus = purpose and ves.
it
opular progr tng. tanga : =
os uate vehe usd tn Gwe development, Machine learn.
- -tag applied ete. eae
ye Pytflon fuograms aye Cd Smallet than the othes
ir ogrammin dong uages .
—_ Puogrammers J have te type Helatively less and the
indentation requirement of the Janquage , makes Mens 3
gj ——adable\_ab Me time. Min’
> Veg Simple Syntax. 2 fasy to learn,
v oT Cv
~
a rary ay |
paint (“ Hetto”)
>
=
= General pusipose Janguage ( Simple yk very powerful,
4 language)
s Console Applfcatfon & Scripts iY
C= f> Desktop Application :
2 [> Web Applfcatfon i ;
* E> Game Development F
% LL. Machine Learning Deep! learning , AL, Of dala ek
cs Z
> Muttinaradigen Support =
\
[= Paocedural Style Programming _l?ke C . =
y “s
L>- oofs ike Java, © g
Functional Programming (tke Usk.
f => Portable or Platform _\ndependent
- Puoqrams are typreally first compiled Yate an
Utatermedfate cod¥, then the code Pe yun
Me interpseten.
—>_ Dynamically Typed
nyna 4y---NP
m~= 10 4
ys “qeeks™ 4
uv .
ace “python
J 7
This featuve %&_dfpferent from Ctr b Tava. they ‘
aye stateally Typed . i
In_pythom we don't have to specify the! vatable
PY
i
name.
But _the disadvantage & fm this the type & asstaned |
° st Vv
in the vun time" of the paogram , so there avd
f paeg
move chances of yun t’me
evror.
Automate Garbage Collectfon
‘
\t medns when you
4 dynamically allocate memory
So you don't have fo worry: to realfstng —th?s
memory . g u ‘
§
=> Popular Apolfeatfon Buflt tn Python
FF ~— +
Youtube) Neteiix',”) Quora » Instag ram ,
DoopBox y 4
=r__butat O tn thon — %
A__funclon & a sek of instructfons' that take x
some input Prom | diing..dose someniwork on those “ wameteds and paoduce some output -
+
4
os
al
a
S Hope you ave enfoying Python %
Tos endZA end and sep parameters fn paint .
P—f f
> =
= int [“ welcome”, end =" ") =
paint (“to GPG")
Oulput- Weleome to GPG
votre
End parameter creates _ space and ft tells » shoutd
be painting after tks patating. -
And tn sep pavantetet: when we have? multiple =
P—f
input parameters we use sep to separate them. —
# f
defoult they axe _Sepaxated by pace .
o f
CASE) Ab
rey ik
patnt (“1o", “out , “2023",) Sep ="
"y =
Output -. 10-04-20a3 a
EICODING BUGS CINOTES GALLERY “=> Nautables fn Python =
a
_Nawable & a name that Outed fo siefen to memory
° °
Jocatfon. Python veurfable also known at an identi
-fiew and” used to hold value» ee
In_python, we don't need to specffy the type of ®
vorfable because Python & a fnfew language and og
smant hte qet fab
enoug get __vosiia le bype
4
i
i aH
I E iS cre %
| xample patce = loo ”
tax = (8 =
| ° a =
L total - psilce = _fostce + tax
i t
° 7 %
pant ( total pufce)
On :
utpub- 1g
tp 4
How vaufablec wouk ie EICODING BUGS EINOTES GALLERY ©
3 4
“= 10 Uo]<~ *
Yes “geeks! qeeks |e~ f %
z= “20 [aol z q
it we say we=z Fi ‘ ‘
Winen soft 4
: Nwx 4
but PP We 30 Bole— w :
“4
®
ies O}P- ios a
nm
& ° $) geeks 4
putnt (2) 20 f
°.
f
pat! (e) Qo 4
4
Lace od ~~»
——
Pathan Dynamically Type
eee 5 a
ho m% 10
$
J paint (>)
. nk: “geeks”
U
ya paint (>)
~
10
~ geeks
~y z
~ 3 Note - using a_vaniable without assfaning fh cause evror.
~ &q- paint (x)
» oP- Name Evror : name ‘x' fs not assigned
~=
ut) tn Python -
L
3
This functfon ‘Uu__used to take fn put pxom the user
} i
Example - name = input (“Enter the name >")
° ”
psiink |" Welcome''+ name)
t
ole - Enter the name = Himanf
Welcome Himanf
Example - # Python program tor _additon
' t | +
= fnput (" Enter Firct Number :")
4s input (" Enktr Second Number : ny
m= fat (x)
ys int (y)
Hes ney
¥ Spat print ("alm ve)
vy lvl aol eo blew lel
SCODING BUGS ENOTES GALLERY Typed) In Python ~
Outpul = Enter Fish Number
we
rom stying
Is 7d
Type & a _bullh-in_function that Hells
se h0
wherever we
have to ‘
you data lupe
of a “vayfable or a value. i
Eg a=10 :
a (type (a))
= 10'S
ie Ciypecay) 4
C= 9437
puint (type Co) ;
O)P = das, Mints §
<= class, ‘float!
<= class, ‘Complex'>
T
=n python we use "None" Ip
Whe value uel or we dfdn'h asstan any value fo thy
voufable > g y
é
4
indfeate that we don'h know §
“
In python there 9%
h te
no chav ype you w wank ft a. aga reuld
Eg - Sky_= “gtg" (Shing £ fsa: sequence 3 chav)
FF
paint (type (atry)
J [.10; 20, 30) (_@tray and dynamfe ally
patol (type (19) add and remove thee. st
Iwems are stored fa conte.
~nuous locaHont)
Seoae ~
re eae
$= {10 30,30},
“difference
fy
modi
Sek_& a _collecHon of _
Ss punt (type(s)). where all thems are _
= t x and set UW dike mathematical
Set)
y “ w Oye S, a J
~ dz fio: "gfg”, 20%" def dicfonaries ore uscd to_do
SF paint (type (a)). ings. Jhe & a 7
3 ‘ collecHton of key value pairs)
> Eq- thems: prices rollnot Name.
F
>
p> Type conversion in Python -
Type conversion
> ae
3 Implictt ExpltetF
a at '0 €g- 4 "135"
a Ts J= 1+ dnt (s)
> ‘i (0) f= float (4)
3 d= true patat (3)
es atd paint CL)
3 patat (e) : $
X opp = us ojp - 14s
» u 135-0
fg- d= " geeks”
fp wT SJ
» paint ( Jist (8)
> patnt (tuple (4))
Py pafot (sek (43) a
p= cigs tet fet ht Mt] c
1's") Date .....
9-3 a= 20
patint ( bin (a) ante 7
palnt (hex (ay) ne
T b (oct (a)) =
| ¥ OP = Ob10100_
| URIVE
H 0094
=> Comments fn Python ~ ate
1 We may with to deseuvbe the code we develop. We
might with~ to take nokes of why a
J
sechfon of sept p>, ng
for _fnstance. Formulas , pocedures , and sophistcabed
business Jogtes ave
v
lypfeatly explained with comments, #
oH
4
Single -Jine comment - # a
Mult? -Jine comment - Hs. oe ie
# ite a
Doc-shing - the string enclosed. fn trfpte quol-es 4
that contes _ immedfatel after the dettned fm ane
catied Python DoestYing, @
¢ v E
=P _ib, else and eli? in Python - fe
ae pari %e
Shere come _sihualous in sea) Jife when we need to
do some Specific fask and bated on some Speci pte és
gyntoe - if Ceonattion 1):
~~ ne, # Executes when condition W_fuue
. ip (condttion 2):
~~ Executes when condition 2. true
~~ # if Block tend here
~3- # if Block &_end hee
Example = num = 10
it num >§ :
J paint ("Biagen Han Ss")
ae it num 2= 18
5 paint (* Between § and (5")
—7 ole - Bigqet than §
+ Noetween § and iS
_~ ite elif Statement - shortcut of theelse chatn, while using if -elff
> statement at the end else block & added which “&
_ S_peitormed ip none of the above iL-_elff ctatement 4 true.
F Spnat Date .... .
Syntax - i? (conditfon) t
= Statement
elif (condtHfon) :
stalement 6
4 ; a
L .: =
Bs) elses «
a statement a
Et Example - —Jethey = "A" 3
if detiem ss em:
_paint (“Jeter & 9")
elif Jette == “ct:
putok ("“JeHer uc”)
elif Jette == SA";
paint (" Jeter & AM)
elses
pint (“ Jeter isn't A,B orc)
OP - Jeter GA
> _Autthmetfe opetators - They
gue uted to peiform mathem-_.
zalea) operations Jike. additonal, subtrackfon , muthip.
-Ikation, division. ; _*
That axe 7 onithmetfe operators tn_. Python - =
O Addition _® subtraction ~_@ Muiiipixation
@_divtston @_ Modules © _Exponentiatton
@_Floor diviston ‘i “ay Date
I Onevator -_In__python, + 4 the addilfon operator. It
TW y
5 0 het odd 2 values: a 2
~~ Example > vol = 2
val2 = 3
SI yess val dt val 2
SF _paint (tt)
~j_ fh + £
Sos SubtracHon Opevator_- used fo subtract the second value from
he first value.
5 on -_ Node 3
valg 2 2
Ss dese vobl- vad
~~ patat ( He)
peorens Modulus Operator: - so -u_the mod ulus. opuigtor used to find
~yhe Yemainder when {fest operand t_divided by the
Ss seconds
4. Example — vol 1= 3
vol? = 2
s dea = val l Yo val 2
~S_ __ paint 9)
>} Of Pazzah
3@ Exponeatfation Operator — _** used to raise the firsk
_y operand to power of steond.
x Example = __vall+2
> vab2= 3
> ves = voll ** vd2
a. prtat (ts)
= oe -~ 8
Spnat Date ...
— a
© Floor division - // %s used fo ffnd the floor of Phe quolien)
when first operand s divided by the second.
Example - vall = 3 a oe es ee
b val? + 2 %
is, Me Sie
ub Mes = val t// vat .
-F patot (es) _ sees. -
oo ojp - Pa Ba __#
=> Python Logfead Operators with Exampleli = :
Opryators aye used to _patform _opetalfons on values and
vawiables. Jhese ave the spectol symbols that caory_ouk arithmetic.
4 and _Joaical computavions. Ihe value tht operator ~ opexata_on_&
4 Known as. Operand . :
SICODING BUGS E)NOTES GALLERY,
~ logical _and = logfead ov = legfeal not
4 A 24
= Logfeal and~ True tf both the operands ae fue.
>and y.
X and y
False Tove 4
oe True 1
False_Oulpub nas Pe che
cow Taye 4
+ v ~
fatse—Outpat FPorre—Oertpet
Example - a=lo A
b= 10 4
c= -lo
4
th a >0 and b>O: SS sl
NS
ns patel. [ome oe
WE +. Spayos and b> d 6 70% ae he :
SF pata [2 oe mobs ou ane aye _guieator than")
elses.
~ tol T[epnest one number & 4 riot -greatut than o°}
are greater than 0
FP = The numbers
Auleost_one number Yok geal than o.
~-
~¥ Example > a=to
~S =e
i cz 0
if a ond b and c: i
paint (“ALL the numbers have boolean value as True”)
Ss
3
— > else:
Ss
~~»
puta (“Atkast one number has boolean value _as False
O]P - Atleast one number has”::boolean value _as False.
— we ~~ Falte Output Tue Output
~ > Example - azlo
:
ps he -10
PS or c20 >),
Mf a>o or boo z 7
thes of the _numbew i agrestet than 0"). na
mbes
ps s
ff b>o or emo: “i & : z
_puind (“Efe of the numben grsstut than 0”)
else
—paint_["No_number lu greaten than 0)
SIP = Eithey of the number Greater_than 0 :
No_umber i _greaten than 0
— Example - a=to
+. brie
4 eo
}
iP aorb ore:
pufot (“Atleast one number has
#
Taue")_
boolean value at
else:
pink (“AN the numbers have boolean
. False")
Value at
S/P- Alleast one number has
boolean value ag True.
| = Logteal Not operator —
wosuks with a _cfagle
boolean value. If |
ine beclean value. & -Tstue te
seturde Falee and vires
Nvisa,
£
False olf Date
»
a
——
7 0210
{ Evamplt = je Bearcat ca ity
eo
Sy poco [Boolean value of a t Taue") oe
i nol (.afJode* © orzateSt2O)t os
paint (tio nt divtlble by etter Sor )
Se hie
oul ("1a 4 dtble by, hen dor 6")
f
pF
1
P= tots divisible by cithet dor 8")
Vv
|
»~
a 3
ys
he dade ef tvaluatton of Jogtead_operalor ~
Hae cate _of swulliple operators Python always evaluates
the expres from eft _lo_right.
4 Vv
J
Spang) = ef odatfa
¥ patat (* Method _talled for value", 2)
vithuyn True tf X20 else False
3 avons 1
a b= order
cz order
3 Hate) oF b(5) or e(\0):
3 paint (" Alltosk one ot the number fi positive")
< j
wy
of _muthod_talled for value=-1
Method called for value = $
Alleast_one of tre number positive.
f
te | Ly
dor
a
pe |e
i Date .....
=> Python Membership and Adentthy Operators -
validate
the memberthiy
ina sequence, such at Shing Atsts or tuples .
im_opevatoy = Jhe Mn!
Python offers two membership operators fe_check es
of a_value, It fests for membersh,
operator ‘u_used: to check it « thera
/ substring | element
Evaluate to “tur if th finds. the aptetfied element fra _
existe ina sequence or not,
Sequence otherwise False. For eq -
U
| “Gy in_* Geksforqeeks! tt Checking. 'G! fn shen
| “Laue g d
LL 4! ‘ Greksfor Geeks! %# Checking ‘9! fn string sfnee pythe
tk case~ senutiive, veturn fale g ig
False
"
Example diskt = J1,2,3,4 23] 4
dfsha = [ 6,7,8,9]
them tn Jct:
bs
if fem tn Stet: i
— paint (" oveilapping”) §
v
elses
pain} (" not. overlapping’) i *
4
nok100
i
nok
net a
not a
not
4 oh t int optvalor =
no!
J Vasfable inthe
does not fie
J false other
Example >. R224 i a id _—
ys 20 wt a iB
“Yist = [10,20, 30,40, 50) _ Es
E(x nol fn dist): a
ft NOT nt tn ven disk
_pulat (. ots passe gf sk”)
elses aoe
i 4 fs bin ven Jfst'
int ( 1s paesen i gis fs ‘
pty tn Wt):
aint (“y fs pesent fa given Afr")
3
else:
~ pata ( iy is Not puiesent fn given Ate")
= ¢, °. ° o,
OP - % fs_NOT paresenk in_given_ list.
~ y te present fn _aiven Met
SS wt v
- Identity operators - Thy ae used fo compane the object
woh’ the obfeds axe actually of the same data type and
shore the same _ memory Joeatfon. wy
There ote dif went identity operators such ad
Nis operator - Evaluate to True if the vanfables on efther side
of the operator joint to the same object and false
a} f
othutustce.
Example. = me S
425:
portnt (oc &% 4)
fd)
fa
Sport 2 OJP = 1407045 86672032
a gist SENS
Ie, both the vay
Hore, fa_the
8 asttgned to th Fi “and
whicho why xeon Tv
Ss not’ opwator - Evaluates fo folie ff the vaxfables on _effhen | stde :
o| the opwtator _pofnh te a ditfount object and te othurwise, 4
Example. MES
S2a0p
4
iE (type (oc) fe nob int): aa}
gq putnt ("true") .
a elses
= paint ("false") =
b # Putnts Taue 8
& mK Sb i
4 if (type (x) fsinot int):
i , “ " =
paint (“ true")
i else: &
t puint ("false") a
* '. : > 1 : ai
i ofP- False a
Taye) 2
=> Python’ Bihwise Operators: — o
Operators are used to perform _opeualt e4__ gS
Bee an perfo peatons. on vafu
axiables . ese one the Spectal tymbols that cuwiy
out _anfthnec and loatea) computaifens. ghe value ahd
operator opevales on is_known as Optrand .
i
!
i wy ~S Date were
oro Siu operators ~ “
SJ = Slttse AND (3) ~ Return |_tf both the biks ane I
else_O.
Example =. 102 1010 (Binary) |
——
he ee be Y= 0100 (Binary)
~~
~3-
¥
—
aSb=lolo
b
ol00
= 0000
= 0 (decimal)
STG Bitter OR ([) — Returns Lip velther of the bik & | else 0.
~ Example -_@=10= 1010 | 8fnary)
= ee b= 4 = O00 (Binary)
alb = lolo
~ eer
~ o100
= Ilo
7 = ty (Decimal)
¥
5) Bitwhe Not operator (~) - Returns one's complement of the no
Es Example = Q=1o= tolo ( Binary)
waz sl0lo
3 = -(lolott)
4S > (1011)
5 =-11 ( decimal)
3 d)- Bitwise (XOR) (A) ~ Return I ip one of the sbils fs tand the
5 other & 0 else return O-
W Seal Date weve.
=1u (Decimal) +
‘
Example - a= lo a
= bey Ss
yi ++ Puiot bitwise AND operatfon Eo
wink (“ab be! arb)
# Paint bttwhee OR operation :
print (“alb="y ale) 2
# Putnk bitwise Not operation Ke
paint (“wa =", ~a)
# Paint bitule YOR operation -
paink ("a Ab =", a Ab) e
op - at b=o 2 afb iy 2 Mast =
atb=ty G
&
@__Shitt Optrators — These Operators ate used fo SWPP the ¢
bits of a number Jef or siight thereby multiply ?n “
ox diiding the no. Sy—two esp. they oth be used Yoheg WO
we have Vig multiply” or divide a imber by two, &
9)- Bitwise Right &p Shith (>>) — Shiffs the bik of ihe no,
fe the_sifght and fille 6 on_ vod. det p (fs tn the 6
case of a _ntoative Humber) iat a sesult, Similan effeck as &
of dividing i no. with some power of two. of :
Senae J : a y
Date
Example. = a=lo = 0000 1010 ( Ginar
WF a>>| = 0000 Ohl = S_ ~
az-10 = Mtl oo ( Binary)
~ o>> he Vit toms -$
ro
“Ty. _gitwise veph_shift - (<<)
art shifts the bits of the number to the left and fills 0
on void vight as yesull, Similar _efPeck a of multiplying
a the _no- at some _power of two.
<3 Fxamplt - az§ + 0000 lol (sinary)
3 acs] 20000 lolo = 10
¥ a4e2 > 0004 0100 = 20
~e Example - b=-10 = WN oto (Binary)
~» bec f= 110) 100 =-20
=a bee 2 = WO tooo =-40
28 Bitwise Operator Overloading - . Optrator Ovetloading means
ft extended meaning _ beyond their | predefined operat
-ona anin For example operator tote used fo add two
integers
it ochtevable because the ‘+!
“S_by ink class and str dass. You might have noticed that
~ the” same builk-in_ operator or funclton shows different _beha-
7 vise for objects of dfpferent classes, this ic called Operator
as thet as join two sting and merge two _Ifsts.
perator is v overloaded
~ > pverloading.
a
3 Example - class Yeek():
def init — (self, value):
i self. value > value
A def and. ( celf, obj):
paint (And operator overloaded")
Sperat Date wee. 4
if isinshance (objs Geeky Es
sitturn self. value be obf.value
operator overloaded")
tty fsfnstance (obj. Geek):
seturn_self. Value | obf. value : a)
else:
Mase Value€rror
def - xor - (sttP obj):
paint (“XOR operator overloaded”)
(Must be o objeck of class Geek’)
LI ip istnstance (obj Geek):
4 velurn selP. value 4 obj. value
i else
ratse ValueEvror ("Must be a object of cass Geek”)
def. Ishitt. (selP, obf): iy
paint (" Ishiph operator overloaded")
ip fsfnstance (obt, Geek)
eburn SelP. value ce obj. value
else:
Yatse Value Error ("Must be a obfect of class §
Geek)” ;
dep - tnverb. ( Sele):
paint ("Invert Operator overloaded") 4
Heburn ~selP. value 7
# Duiver's code
iP— name ==" main": 4
= Geek (10) 4
be Geek (12)
sia {asb) ‘
‘i 4 a 4
Date ..
paint Cal ble ee
print (@*b)
paint (a4eb)_ as
paint (a>>b) a
paint (x9)
iy
p- And operator overloaded
OQ
Poa 8
~ Or operator overloaded
r Ww
Xor optralor averloaded
E> ra TICODING BUGS CINOTES GALLERY
rs \shift operator overloaded
[= 40460
na vishifk operator overloaded
8g
Invert operator overloaded
=i
|G
Sa
* loops in Pythou_-
Uv
kel
=
— condttfor become Viale , the dine tmmedfately often
— im_the pangrous Gu exeauted «| nek
— While Loop - It & used fo exeeule a block of stakements
2 °, ° eye p
sitpeotedly until a _qfvn condition. w —_datisffed. And when Me
Suntax = __ while _expsitasiowe :
= statement (.) Flowehant
exits while loop
‘I indeffntte thetahion.
While Joep falls unde the cliguy tn
ladefinile etalon means that _ ih numben of Himes the
executed sin't specified ex; Weft fn _advante. :
Statements _uepsesents ‘all Ying atahemenk indented by the
Same _oumbey of chayackey space, oa Pegrenanatg
—tonstrucdk one considered to! be pant of a sine blo of
Li tode. Python uses indentalfon
loop &
f
as th methods of souping
L,_shatemess. When awhile oop hk execubed expy & (for
4 fvaluated {na Boolean tonkext and if TRB bete Me loop ‘
body U executed. Then the expat b checked again, ff fp
oS at taue then the body | executed — agath and the
continua until the expsieasfon becomes false J
jr
Example | tount 20
while (count < ae
count = count +}
pink ("Hello Geek"),
OJP - Hello Geek
Hello Geek
Hello Geek
| nd ol bits. — [20 fos Le
|
|
=)
—
SF yin wun until there & _an__element
Joop over _a_Jisk thak
this, we have Hun ao while
potesent nthe Ist
t
\n
— : ;
Example -3 gfngle statement while block
yr U
YFust_Jike the
yp statement we can
thert_ ane multiple
TE block, ip the while. block consists of single
declare the entfre Joop fn_a single Sink.
f
ctatemenks fn the block that make up the
l body, th can_be sepanaled 6 Peol sh
¥ loop _bedu ey p xy semPeolons (4)
_s_ count = 0
5 while (counk' <5): count += 3 pafnk( “Hello Geek")
—¥ t
J: olf - Hello Geek
_ 5: Hello Geek
Hello Geek
=) Hello» Geek
aw Hello Geek
>
si
- >
*
Sparat Date ...
eC) in Python - s
e__puthon nn webwan. ence numbeu
sa sequence of umbeu
thon _stange () £7 webu
7 fe & to fherabe -
‘i i range. Ihe most common use of tk J a
ina gwen nge.. Ihe most ¢c
4 Python
scquiotss sna scquinte of numbers _using fy
Syntax - range (stort, slop, step)
o ;
Paamelen ~ shart: L opHonal] ‘
Stop + .
t 3
Sheps
f cs
Return : os
Example - for ft fn range (5): .
T ° Os
paint (“tend
=
puink() f
O]Pa 4 f One 3y4 : ~~
what the use_ of the Sange() tn Puthon ? é
Oo
% : =
t in__simple berms Hange() allows Hhe usey to qenewake a
t F .
i Seis of no. within a given range. Depending Sn how é
|_mani sugumenl the usd i patting fo the “Pr, the wey &
f
| can deetde where thay _seniks | of “numbers wits begin 2 en
[Sas well a how a the dif Peuence will be between one no.
and the next. Pf range() $M takes: can. be infltalreed
| fn 3 ways — g
= sane {stop)_ fakeb one anaqumuent.
=_wange (stant stop) fakes Arqurveuk.
zi sage (stout, shop, step) taker Wee angumear”
g Date
when
al
Fae will _qet_a__sentes of
Sadudts every whole number up toy bul nol including Wee
T
number thal the user nas patovided as_the shop ‘
wa Example -
Python range (6)
Teh bsteleT 1
for i tn_ range (6)%
pink (1 Gnd ="")
paint)
p= o1a 34'S
Stop
{lo
siange (stant, Stop) -
Tv ohen the user call ange) with — two anquncents ,
decide not only Oyhore the sente of no.
he _usey gets bo
lope but Valse whore it stasis, so He users don't have to
Yi ©
shank at O oll the tes Users can use mange () to qenerak
3a susies of numbers fiom _X toy. S ¥
i v
Python vtange (0,6)
ce J
>
5;
= Tor Tol Tz [sTsfst Te
=—+t
apa -
> Stat cea
+
¥, Speral Date ....
2 Fok, sto}
Exomple- Drmonsinatfon of fyihon stage (shat, step)
# patating a natural >
# cen rom 5 to 20 o
fou iin mange (8:20): sos a
. . Ly
purnt (ty env: "
f
0) P - $6724.10 Woes ty te re tt 1819
Tig wangs ( stant. stop, step) ;
aL When the use called ange () with three angumenty
the usey tan choose nok onky whee the cenPey of
“___numburs will stank and slo bubsaltio’ ‘haw ba the
7 7 f
diffuience will be between the one. no. and th¥ Oexbeg
Wf tre user doesn't puovide Hhe step, Hhen stange ()
will _qutomatically behave ay i} the sep & 1. InJ ney
i txample we antl -pitnitas even no, between Q and lo e
i 2
So_we chosse our stoVitng paint Prom O[ start-o) and a
: He —$
stop the sewfes at to ( stopYto) > for puinting an even
f =
number the . difference between one. number and the ©
fext number must be 2 (skp) afte. providing. a Step: $e
° i r z
both U1
we a e fo owing output (0 2,4,6, 8), “6
Stant Python ange (0, 10,2) >
4 gd yer S
oh EW sTebfelapol ~
; or
Ser 3 =
Se
ofal4 8 >
eee EE ee
Sperat = =
i Date .
brant - Demonstration of _fython afige (stant, step ,
Jon ‘in songe (8.10.8)
paint (1, Send = © "y
v °
paint () et
Oe 0,3,4,6,8
Ty fon Loop in Python -
fee ae
3 Fi
ts used for sequential braves tee, th fs used
Ee Gterating over_an orable |. dike Staing Tuple , dist,
~ Sek ox _D¥eHonary.
=> In python , Were is no _¢ style for Joop ‘ bes —for
iO; te ny ttt). There is_ a “for" Joop which ts similar
fo cach oop. in other Janquages.
SJ UU
* NOTE - In Pathan fous Joops vonly_itmplements the
collection based. theWatfon.
= i
5 Suntax - for_vow in__iterable::
aL oe #_ statements
~3 L Flowchart of. for Joop
For each ikem in
_ 4 z
4 equeace
=e -
True
> ;
>
¥ t Ext for Joop Date .
once for each ikem: in’ an Tae fe
woiable Vor takes the value the next ikem o| the
Heable
ty tach_Hme throw hi eat a
Hag eg eae
thon puogram fo. fllustrake {
Le # “iterating “over a dist r
rh Ve ("qedls, "Por", "“queke”
[“qedks", "for", geeks ] :
i lov Fin Ls a
uF or a
sp ees
|
le -
| r Loop fa Sonne é
@ Fi a c ©
4 ‘heating over diehionar:
oo one, .
i int (“dfeHonay revelon" ; NS
py
PPT cacak_ ta pyttion = Vt fs used to baing
FT ofthe loop _whtn some external _cofdition is _ tyfgqer
SJ bueak statement is pul inside the Joop body en Waty
_oftes if tondition). Ik terminates _ the tureint Jeep , ted
a the loop _in__whrch_ Tk appears and resumes _txecutfon ‘aa
\ statement Hnmeatfately afer the end of that loo
inside ao nected Joop , the ft
f =
_tontrol_ouk |
i
ST the_nex
I We break _shakement fs
Ireak will Hyminate the innermost Joop .
|
{oop lesb
expression
be
j
ot | Lal
False
}
4
% Exit loop
Lalo Hel a [a
al oe
4 b
owe |e
Example - 2 S= ‘qeeksforgeeks!
# using for Joop
T ———
for_leter th s:
prtat leHer)
#: break Hie
gov 's'
HE letter = = ‘ec? oF leney = 'a! =
break 3 ~ —
paint ("Out of for loop”
: ae ot
iro
# Using ushile
7 while True:
1 pyink (s[1])
1 "# break the
1 # or 's!
se,
an
loop
{
loop as soon ik sees ‘el
t
if SUTS =e" og SUJs='s's
+
pufok (tour of white loop")
Out of Por loop
+} |
e
Oub of while oop
* Continue Stakemen}
pnlasgla Bl Hilal @ & Js! at i: 3 foi
in Python Ih fe
Stalement tha} forces” to
a loop contro}
I cagdte the nex thera fo
of the: toon while skipping the resk of the fode
inside the loop for the currenk Skeratfon only y ey
d
See
n> |! »
¥ Date
2 The _ceniinue executed in the Joop ,
he tode_ inside __tonifnue slater
oh a 8
ict wil ‘evalton and the
y "tonttnue
paint (x)
tT
Howrhart of Continue _Stakement =
fonditfor. True
fo continue I: ‘
< Rene Continue |
Teal
False
Erecuke the remaining
aie
part of Joo
for vai in" Greeksforgecks":
if van == "e":
4 .
continue
pint (var)
iS
IS
+ 4 bla el FLY 4 4 E14
'
whale
'
;
i 4
J+ Nett Loop - With - for and while
Date ...
ave _akippin the point of _chavach
ion checking and _contPnue states,
ya situation when you need fo write a
patate fhe number fvom 1 to 10, but not 6.
} n Y
x Joop from 1 to lo
for i fh range (1,11)
opt ts equal bo 6»
+ continue to_next Steraltfon
without patloting
tf Te=6:
; conHnue CODING BUGS C)NOTES GALLERY ,
else: a :
# otherwise paint the- value
# of 7 ; »
pata (7, end =" *)
ojf- 129 34 £789 to
NOTE - THE CONTINUE STATEMENT CAN BE Used WITH ANY
OTHER LOOP ALSO! LIKE WHILE LOOP” simiLaRLy AS IT 1g
UsEb WITH ‘FoR LOOP” ABOVE.
loops wer: Can 2a
a create nested Joop. Nested loop means Joops
inside a Joop. For example, while loop" inifde the ®
for_leop, fot loop fnside the for loop , eke, ‘
at
Searat
sa Led,
= Syntax = Ouley -loop Expression :
a ' ya
i) Inner- loop. Expression +
“= Statement inside ‘nner. loop
SE t :
Statement Inside _ Ouwter-loop
Example - m= £12]
y= (4,5)
for fin x
for | tay:
+
potak (tf)
} $
Sige 1h
\s
24
25
Example -2
# Multiplication Table
# Running ouler loop from 2 to 3
fort tw range (2.4):
# Puinting! inside the outer Joop
f
# Running jnner loop from | te 10
° 6 U ¥ *
for {in _vange (1,1):
# Painting! fnstde the inner loop
paint (1, Wanye te bey)
bea Se tal Ha) 4 Fo 4 Hal G LG
ae # | Pataling taside the. outer loop
oe paint OW
f
1% oP - Dele gee WS ae 10 + RO.
2 Se Lede CR We Sie Oa 8
ie =
i
Speorat culty for Joop to
"through _o_lish
tem fa Ih
# Painking outside toner Joo
puinl (“stort outer for loop")
# fniblaltze couler | with 0
0
# Running fnney while loop fo
# MNerole through a Isha
while (fz Jus 2S dee):
# talating Inside Tnner loop
pint (them © disk 2017) :
2 Inerementing the Nala of i
je t+]
Ht painting aie inner. loop
paint ind for loop")
O)P- short outer fox loop
!_am_healthy
oN
| om fine
| am geek
end for: Joop
slort_outy for Joop
You are healing
You ave Hine
Sterat You one geek
ae =
end fox Joop
fniMalizing two Iists with some
a In_ nts example we aye z
ching: Store the size _o} Jeska in ‘tisk 2- size’ using Vent)
“Syoadlion and using tt in the while loop as a counten,
J Afier_thar_vun Son outer for loop _to_ iterate over VstI_
ond inside that loop un _an inner» Joop _to__ikerate over
rid using _lish_indexing inside that oe laters ipitabea
Teach val sof Wst2 fy every value of lish. d
a Functions in Python -
SS Python funcHons ts. a block of statements that veturn
the _sperifie task. ;
: The tidea is fo pul some commonly or repeatedly done
Tasks fogether and make a puncton Go thal | tnttead of
wailing Vthe some code again and again for different
“S inputs? we can do the funclfon calls” to weuse code
t *
wontotned in tk over and- oven again.
= sa
= =
~ Syntax - Python functions
; J
a
Keqword Function name Pavamerers,
* t
> + ——. +
a det functfon- name Cparameteus):
. iy « T
a # statement | ————> 8edy of j
Statement
—=F =
sucturn_expresston
7 f
= f
x funclion xetorn
+
Spaat Date ....
Example = def fun):
wink ("welcome fo GF Gr” 3
ve Dever code to calt_a function
fun i
off - welcome to GF.
Defining and calling a funetfon with parameters: < Ae
Defining’ ‘ 1
Syntax - de? Punctfon- name ( paraniele : data. bypr).33
Aehurn hy et 5
DSvtng i
# body of the funchon *
q a
aiturn expression >
{ =
si
Example -_ # some more functfons
f a
def fs- pute Cn): =
Spo in (837: a
Mehutn Tue a
if (né=1) or (nm Jo a=-0); aia
Aehurn False ey
3123
