Unit

Name of the Unit

No.
1. ROMEO AND JULIET
2. TOO DEAR
3. ON CHILDREN
4. EVERY THING I NEED..
5. A SUNNY MORNING
6. WHEN YOU ARE OLD
7. THE GARDENER
8. TO THE FOOT FROM ...
9. I BELIEVE THAT BOOKS
10. HEAVEN IF YOU ARE NOT HERE ON EARTH
11. JAPAN AND BRAZIL THROUGH A TRAVELER’S EYE
12. THE VOTER
13. WHERE THERE IS A ...
14. WATER
GRAMMAR

UNIT_1. ROMEO AND JULIET – William Shakespeare

I. Answer the following in a word or a phrase or a sentence each.
1. Who teaches the torches to burn bright according to Romeo?
2. Who is referred to as a ‘rich jewel’ by Romeo?
3. Whose beauty is too rich for use and too dear for earth?
4. Who dances like a snowy dove among crows according to Romeo?
5. What would happen to Romeo’s rude hand if he touches the hand of Juliet?
6. According to Juliet, who is the ‘day in the night’?
7. Who lies upon the wings of the night according to Juliet?
8. Who is whiter than the new snow on a raven’s back?
9. According to Juliet, who shall be cut into little stars after her death?
10. Who will make the face of heaven so fine?
11. When would the world be in love with night according to Juliet?
12. When would the world pay no worship to the garish sun according to Juliet?
Answers:
1 Juliet 5 His hand would be blessed 9 Romeo
2 Juliet 6 Romeo 10 Romeo
3 Juliet 7 Romeo 11 When Romeo is cut into stars
4 Juliet 8 Romeo 12 When Romeo makes the face of
heaven so fine
II. 4-mark Questions
1. How does Romeo glorify Juliet’s beauty? OR
Juliet’s beauty was too rich for use. How does Romeo describe it?
Romeo glorifies the beauty of Juliet. She teaches the torches to burn bright. She looks like a rich jewel hanging in an
Ethiope’s ear. Her beauty is too rich and too dear. She dances like a snowy dove among crows. After the dance, Romeo
wants totouch the hand of Juliet. So that, his rude hand would be blessed. He swears that he had never seen true beauty
till that night.
2. How does Juliet intend to immortalize Romeo? OR
Why does Juliet want Romeo to be cut out into little stars?
Juliet requests the night to come soon so that Romeo would come to meet her at night. Romeo is the day in the night for Juliet. He
is whiter than the new snow on a raven’s back. She expects the night to be gentle and black-browed. She asks the night to give
Romeo. After her death, she wishes the night to cut Romeo into littlestars. Then Romeo would make the face of heaven so fine. The
world will be in lovewith night and will pay no worship to the garish sun.
 UNIT_2. TOO DEAR - Leo Tolstoy
I. Answer the following in a word or a phrase or a sentence.
1. Mention any one of the neighboring kingdoms of Monaco.
2. What is the population of Monaco in ‘Too Dear!’?
3. How many soldiers were there in the kingdom of Monaco in ‘Too Dear!’?
4. Mention any one of the taxes paid by people in Monaco.
5. The special source of revenue for the king of Monaco came from
a. Gaming House b. Poll tax c. Taxes on wine and spirit
6. What did people play in the gaming houses in Monaco?
7. Who remained with a monopoly of the dirty business of gaming houses inEurope?
8. Anyone who wants to gamble goes to .
a. France b. Monaco c. Italy
9. What was the initial punishment given to the criminal by the council in ‘Too Dear’?
10. Which kingdom demanded 16,000 francs for the supply of guillotine and anexecutioner?
11. How much money did the Italian government demand for the supply ofguillotine and an executioner?
12. Which government was a republican and had no proper respect for king ofMonaco?
13. Who according to the Council was a brother monarch in ‘Too Dear!’?
14. From where did the guard fetch the food to the criminal in Monaco?
15. How much did the king spend annually for keeping the criminal in prison?
16. On what condition did the criminal agree to go away from the prison?17.What was the sum fixed as pension for the criminal?
17. How much did the criminal receive in advance while leaving the prison?19.What did the criminal buy after settling
across the frontier of Monaco? 20.When the guard was dismissed, the criminal in ‘Too Dear!’
a. was happy and tried to run away.
b. worried about the guard’s family.
c. did not show any sign of running away.
Answers
1. France or Italy 9. Death sentence
2. 7,000 10. France
3. 60 men 11. 12,000 francs
4. Tax on wine or spirit or tobaccoor poll tax 12. The French
5. Gaming House 13. King of Italy
6. Roulette 14. From the Palace kitchen
7. The king of Monaco 15. 600 francs
8. Monaco 16. On regular payment of pension 600 francs
One third of his annuityA bit of land
17. c) Did not show any sign of running away

II. 4 Marks / 6-Marks questions and answers

1. Though gambling is a dirty business, why did the king of Monaco resort to it? OR
You can’t earn stone palaces by honest labour. Justify this statement withreference to ‘Too Dear!’
Monaco was a tiny kingdom. It was located on the borders of France and Italy. Thepopulation of Monaco was 7000. In
this toy kingdom, there was a real king. He had a palace, courtiers, generals, a bishop and an army of 60 men. He
received less revenue from taxes on tobacco, wine and spirit and poll tax. It was very difficult for him to manage his
kingdom without proper revenue. The special source of revenuecame from gaming house. People played roulette there.
It was only such gambling establishment in Europe. They were banned in Europe as they were harmful. After losing
everything in gambling, people would commit suicide. So, they were banned in Europe. But the king depended on the
gambling house for revenue. He remainedwith a monopoly of the business. So, everyone who wanted to ga mble went to
Monaco. The king knew that it was a dirty business. He opinioned that to draw a revenue from drink and tobacco was also bad .
 2. Why did the king of Monaco keep changing his mind in dealing with the criminal? OR
What made the king of Monaco alter his decisions in dealing with the criminal in ‘Too Dear!’?
Once a murder was committed in the peaceable toy kingdom. Such thing had not happened before. The criminal was
awarded death sentence for committing murder.But Monaco had neither a guillotine nor an executioner. The committee
enquired with France and Italy to supply both. While France demanded 16000 francs, Italy demanded 12000 francs to
supply both. The king of Monaco felt it was too dear. He did not want to spend so much money on the criminal. He
feared riots if extra tax was collected for the purpose. Even his soldiers refused to cut off the criminal’s head. They
said that they had not been taught how to cut a man’s head off. In order to reduce the cost, the death sentence was
changed into life imprisonment.
The criminal was kept in a prison. A guard was appointed to watch over the criminal. He had to fetch criminal’s food from the
palace kitchen. After a year, theking noticed that 600 francs were spent on the criminal. The young and healthy criminal could live
for another fifty years. So, the committee dismissed the guard thinking that the prisoner would run away. But he refused to go
away. At last, he was offered a pension. Thus, the King of Monaco was a man without a decisive stand. Being worried about the
cost of the execution, he kept changing his mind indealing with the criminal.
3. Why was the criminal reluctant to go out of the prison? OR
Why does the criminal in ‘Too Dear!’ refuse to escape from the prison? Explain.
The criminal was awarded death sentence for committing murder. In order to reduce the cost, the death
sentence was changed into life imprisonment. The criminal was kept in a prison. After a year, the king noticed
that it was a costly arrangement. The committee held a meeting and dismissed the guard. It expected the criminal to
run away in the absence of guard. But he refused to go away. When he was asked by the minister of Justice why he
had not run away, he said that he had nowhere to go. He could not do anything as they had ruined his character. The
people would turn their backs on him. In addition, he had got out of the way of working. He was used to be lazy
and comfortable life in prison. He said that they had treated him badly. He expressed his unhappiness for changing
death sentenceinto life imprisonment. He was upset for dismissing the guard because there was noone to fetch his food
from the palace kitchen. He concluded that they were free todo whatever they liked but he would not go away.
4. How did the criminal lead his life after going out from the prison? OR
How did the criminal spend his life after he was given a pension in ‘Too Dear!’?
The criminal was promised a pension of 600 francs. He received one third of his annuity in advance and left Monaco.
He emigrated and settled just across the frontier. It was not very far, only 15 minutes by rail. He purchased a bit of land
andstarted market gardening. He lived comfortably and well. He would always go to draw his pension on time. After receiving it,
he would go to gaming house. He would stake 2 or 3 francs. Then he would return home. He lived happily and peacefully.

UNIT_3. ON CHILDREN - Kahlil Gibran

I. Answer the following in word or a phrase or in a sentence each.
1. ‘They are sons and daughters of life longing for itself’.
Here ‘they’ refer to a) Parents b) Children c) Woman
2. According to the speaker in ‘On Children’, what may be given to children?
3. What may not be given to children by their parents?
4. Who according to the speaker in ‘On Children’ have their own thoughts?
5. What may not be housed by the parents in “on Children’?
6. What according to the speaker in ‘On Children’ dwell in the house of tomorrow?
7. Where do the souls of the children dwell according to the speaker in ‘OnChildren’?
8. According to the speaker in ‘On Children’, life does not go
a. Swift b. backward c. far
9. Who does the word ‘bows’ refer to in ‘On Children’?
10. Who according to the speaker in ‘On Children’ are sent forth as living arrows?
11. Who does the phrase ‘archer’ refer to in ‘On Children’?
12. Why does the archer bend the bows with his might?
13. The house of tomorrow in ‘On Children’ cannot be visited even in_______
a) thoughts b) ideas c) dreams
 Answers
1) b) Children 6) Souls of children 11) God So that the arrows
2) Love 7) In the house of tomorrow 12) May go swift and far
3) Their thoughts 8) b) backward 13) c) dreams
4) children 9) Parents
5) Souls of children 10) Children

II. 4 / 6 Marks question and answer.

1. What are the views of the speaker on children in the poem ‘On Children’? OR
What attitude should parents have towards their children according to the poem, ‘On Children’? OR
How is the parent – child relationship brought out using the metaphor ofbows and arrows?
In “On Children”, the prophet speaks to parents about how they should take care of their children. He says “Your
children are not your children”. Though parents give birth to the children, they are not the owners. Parents should not be
possessive of their children. The parents should work as guardians and help them grow. Children are the sons and
daughters of life’s longing for itself. They come throughparents but not from parents. They live with parents, yet they do
not belong to them. Parents can give them their love but not their thoughts. Because, children have their own thoughts.
They may house their bodies but not their souls. The souls of children dwell in the house of tomorrow. Children belong
to the future. Life doesn’t go backward or tarries with yesterday. According to the prophet, Godis the archer, parents are
the bows and children are the living arrows. The archer uses the bow only to send the arrows to their target. As an
archer, He bends the bows too much so that arrows go swift and far. He loves both the bows [parents] and the arrows
[children]. Thus, parents should realize that their role is to serve the children to reach their goals.

UNIT_5. A SUNNY MORNING - Serafin and Joaquin Alvarez Quinter

I. Answer the following questions in a word or a phrase or a sentence each.
1. Where do Don Gonzalo and Dona Laura meet after a long time in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
2. Who brought breadcrumbs to the park to feed the birds in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
3. Who demanded a bench for himself in the park in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
4. Who scared away the birds that were feeding on breadcrumbs in the park?
5. Whom did Dona Laura consider as an ‘ill-natured old man’?
6. What right does Laura claim to have to criticize Gonzalo’s actions in ‘ASunny Morning’?
7. What makes peace between Laura and Gonzalo in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
a. Bread crumbs b. violets c. a pinch of snuff
8. Which city according to Don Gonzalo is he a native of in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
9. Where according to Gonzalo did, he spend his early youth in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
10. Name the villa near Valencia where Dona Laura lived.
11. According to Gonzalo, the gallant lover in ‘A Sunny Morning’ was his
a) friend. b) brother. c) cousin.
12. Who was popularly known as ‘silver maiden’ in ‘A sunny Morning’?
13. Who was referred to as ‘the gallant lover’ in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
14. Who according to Gonzalo was badly wounded in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
15. Who according to Gonzalo did he run off to Paris with in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
16. What does Gonzalo pick up with a great effort before leaving with Juanito in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
Answers
1) In a park in Madrid 7) C. a pinch of snuff 13) Don Gonzalo
2) Dona Laura 8) Valencia 14) The merchant
3) Don Gonzalo 9) Valencia 15) A ballet dancer
4) Don Gonzalo 10) Maricella 16) Violets
5) Don Gonzalo 11) C) cousin
6) A neighbour’s right 12) Laura Llorente
II. 4 / 6 marks questions and answers
1. What makes Laura feel in the beginning that Don Gonzalo is an ill-natured man in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
Don Gonzalo entered the park with Juanito. He was an old gentleman of seventy years. He was gouty and impatient.
His usual bench in the park was occupied. He wanted a bench for himself in that public park. He was restless as none
of the benches in the park were vacant. In his attempt to look for a vacant bench, he walked towards the pigeons that
were happily eating the bread crumbs. As he was dragging his feet, he scared away the birds. Laura was upset and
questioned why he did so. Gonzalo said that it was a public park and he cared nothing. He objected the liberty of
Laura for addressing him. Thus, he was unapologetic and rude. This made Dona Laura remark him to be an ill-
natured man, fussy and cross.
2. What fictitious story did Gonzalo spin about himself in the name of his cousin in ‘A Sunny Morning’? OR
What circumstances according to Gonzalo made his cousin flee Valencia in ‘A Sunny Morning’?
Don Gonzalo was a native of Valencia. He was in love with Dona Laura. But her parents wanted her to marry a
merchant. Meanwhile, Gonzalo had a duelwith the merchant and wounded him very badly. He ran away from Valencia
afraid of consequences. He went to Seville and later to Madrid. After 3 months he ran off to Paris with a ballet dancer.
When he was aged about 70 years, he met Laura in the park. He looked grotesque and old. While exchanging the
memories of the past, he attempted to hide his true identity. He said that the gallant lover of Laura was his cousin.
After leaving Valencia, he went to Seville and later to Madrid. He wrote many letters to Laura. When he did not
receive any reply from her, he thought that he lost her forever. In despair, hejoined the army. He went to Africa.
There, in a trench, he met a glorious death. He died holding the flag of Spain in one hand and whispering the name
of his beloved. In this way Gonzalo spun a fictitious story about himself so that Laura should believe that Gonzalo
had not forgotten her until his last breath.
3. How does Dona Laura describe her best friend’s death to Don Gonzalo in ‘ASunny Morning’?
Dona Laura lived in Maricela near Valencia while she was young. She was very beautiful. She was popularly known
as ‘the silver maiden’. She was in love with Don Gonzalo. But her parents wanted her to marry a merchant.
Meanwhile, Gonzalo left Valencia after the merchant was wounded in a duel. She waited for two years for his news.
When no letter came, she married and lived happily withanother man. While she was aged about 70 years, she was no
longer beautiful. She met Gonzalo in a park in Madrid. After recognizing him, she attempts to hide her true identity.
While exchanging the memories of the past, Laura said that the silver maiden was her friend. She waited for Gonzalo.
When she did not receive any communication, in despair, one evening she went to the beach and wrote Gonzalo’s
name on the sand where he had risked his life. Then she went and sat on a rock nearby. The tide rose with a boom
and swept her into the sea. In this way, she spun a fictitious story about herself so that Gonzalo should believe that
Laura committed suicide for the sake of lost love.

UNIT_6. WHEN YOU ARE OLD - W B Yeats

I. Answer the following in a word or a phrase or a sentence.
1. Who according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ will be ‘nodding by thefire’?
2. What does the speaker expect his beloved to do, nodding by the fire in ‘WhenYou Are Old’?
3. When would the woman dream of the soft look that she had in her youthful days, according to the speaker in
‘When You Are Old’?
4. In ‘When You Are Old’, ‘the one man’ loved the woman’s .
a. Moments of glad grace b. The pilgrim soul in her c. soft look
5. In the poem ‘When You Are Old’ many loved the lady’s
a) Huge wealth. b) Physical beauty. c) Pilgrim soul.
6. Who loved the pilgrim soul of the woman in ‘When You Are Old’?
7. What did the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ love besides the pilgrim soul?
8. Where according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ did love pace upon?
9. Where according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ did love hide his face?
Answers:
1) The beloved 6) The speaker/ the poet
2) Read a book of poems 7) The sorrows of her changing face
3) While reading the book of poems 8) Upon the mountains
4) b) the pilgrim soul 9) Amid a crowd of stars
5) b) physical beauty
 II. 4 / 6 marks Questions and answers
1. How is the transient nature of beauty as against permanence of love brought out in ‘When You Are Old’? OR
‘When You Are Old’ makes the ‘beloved’ look back on her youth. Discuss. OR
How does the speaker contrast his love with that of many others in ‘When You Are Old’?
In this poem, the poet asks his beloved to think forward to a time when she would be old and grey. She would no longer be
beautiful. But a weak woman nodding by the fire. Then, the poet asks her to read his love poems, sitting by the fire.
Perhaps it is a book of poems that he has written for her. The reading of those love poems forces her to remember her
own youthful beauty. And help her recall her former glories. It’s a bitter sweet moment for her. She could remember
when she was beautiful, on the other hand she knows her looks have faded. She would also remember the men who just
loved her physical beauty. At last, she would remember the poet who loved her inner beauty. He loved her pilgrim
soul and ever-changing face of joys and sorrows. He even loved her as her looks had begunto fade. She would realize the
poet’s true love. But it would be too late. By then, the love in the form of the poet would have left her. He would be one
among the crowd of stars or pacing upon the mountains. Thus the poem is about two young lovers imagining what life
would be when they are old.
UNIT_7. THE GARDENER - P Lankesh
I. Answer the following in a word or a phrase or a sentence
1. Who needed a person exactly like the old man in ‘The Gardener’?
a. The owner b. Basavaiah c. Sangoji
2. What was the old man well-versed in?
3. What did Basavaiah and his people forcibly acquire in “The Gardener”?
4. Who narrated his story to the wife of the plantation owner in ‘The Gardener’?
5. Who became lethargic after the arrival of the old man in ‘The Gardener’?
6. Who became apprehensive about the plantation owner’s vices in ‘The Gardener’?
7. Whom did Tammanna treat as the most important among all his possessions in ‘The Gardener’?
8. Who appointed a number of persons to praise him in ‘The Gardener’?
9. Whose palatial mansion looked dull and empty without Tammanna’s books in‘The Gardener’?
10. Why did Basavaiah start inviting scholars and musicians to his house?
11. What was Basavaiah’s ray of hope in his attempts to outwit Tammanna in ‘TheGardener’?
12. What happened to Basavaiah after Tammanna gave up everything and wentaway?
13. How long does man go on living for some revenge according to the old man in ‘The Gardener’?
14. Whose death made Tammanna forget his songs and ballads in ‘The Gardener’?
15. When did Tammanna forget all his songs and ballads in “The Gardener’?
Answers
1) a) The Owner 6) The owner’s wife 11) When Tammanna had fallen ill
2) Agriculture 7) Basavaiah 12) He died
3) 200 acres of Tammanna’s land 8) Basavaiah 13) Till he dies
4) Tammanna / the old man 9) Basavaiah’s 14) Basavaiah’s
That was the only way of
5) The owner 10) investing his home with 15) After Basavaiah’s death
meaning
II. 4 OR 6 Marks question and answers
1. Trace the changes in the life of the plantation owner after the arrival of the old man in “The Gardener‘.
OR Why did the plantation owner’s wife find it hard to decide whether the old man’s arrival was for the
better or worse in ‘The Gardener’?
The old man proved to be very useful to the owner of the plantation. He was well- versed in agriculture. The petty
thefts stopped and the income increased. The plantation expanded. The owner’s lifestyle also changed. He became
lethargic. He acquired many friends in his village and in the neighboring villages. He also developed all kinds of bad
habits. His life became crowded with colourful events. His wife felt all this strange. She couldn’t decide the result of old
man’s arrival – wasfor good or bad. She felt that life was getting out of hand.
2. Describe the means adopted by Basavaiah to surpass Tammanna‘s popularity in “The Gardener”. OR
What did Basavaiah do to invest his home with meaning in ‘The Gardener’? Explain.
Tammanna’s popularity as a poet made Basavaiah shrink in humiliation. As he failed to compose ballads like Tammanna,
he tried to surpass Tammanna’s popularity by acquiring more wealth and luxuries. He got a palatial mansion built. He
appointed a number of people just to praise him. He bedecked himself with gold, diamonds and other precious stones.
He started inviting scholars, poets and musicians to his place. This was his way of investing his home with meaning.
As it was looking dulland boring without Tammanna’s books.
 3. Describe the circumstances that led Tammanna to become a non-entity in “The Gardener”.
Tammanna started composing ballads to take revenge. Soon, he became famous. Hewas felicitated as the best poet of his
times. Basavaiah started filling his life with material wealth. Thus, he tried to surpass Tammanna’s popularity.
Tammanna fell ill. But, Basavaiah was healthy. Tammanna thought of yet another method of punishing Basavaiah. He
thought at the level of body, Basavaiah would offer stiff competition. He thought that death alone would destroy
Basavaiah. He wanted to separate the song from Basavaiah’s body. He gave up everything and started off. Basavaiah
soon died. Tammanna forgot his ballads, gave up everything and becamea non-entity.
Unit_8. TO THE FOOT FROM ITS CHILD - PABLO NERUDA
I. Answer the following questions in a word, a phrase or a sentence each: -
1. What would the foot like to be? Ans: The foot would like to be a butterfly or an apple.
2. What does time teach the child?
Ans: Time teaches the foot that it cannot fly and also cannot be a fruit bulging on the branch of a tree.
3. Why does the child's foot feel defeated? Ans: The child's foot feels defeated because the outside world does not
allow the child's foot to fulfill its dreams.
4. Which words convey the real experiences of the foot? Ans: The words 'stones and bits of glass, streets, ladders,
and the paths in the rough earth' convey the real experiences of the child's foot.
5. What does the line 'until the whole man chooses to stop' mean?
Ans: The line, 'until the whole man chooses to stop' means until the person dies
6. What did the foot find when it descended underground?
Ans: When the foot descended underground it knows that it did not know that it had ceased to be a foot.
7. What does the 'shoe' represent in the poem?
Ans: The shoe represents societal norms and traditions by which one is bound or the framework given by society.
8. What would the foot like to be? Ans: The foot would like to be an apple or a butterfly.
9. Where is the defeated foot condemned to live according to the speaker of 'To the foot from its child'? Ans: In a shoe
10.What would like to be a butterfly or an apple in the poem 'To the foot from its child'? Ans: Foot / Child's foot
11.What would the foot like to be in 'To the foot from its child'? Ans: Butterfly or an apple
12.Mention any one of the places through which the foot walks in 'To the foot from its child'?
Ans: Fields/ mines/ markets/ ministries
UNIT_10. HEAVEN IF YOU ARE NOT HERE ON EARTH - Kuvempu
I. Answer the following in a word or in a phrase or in a sentence each
1. According to the poet, ‘heaven’ is
a) On earth b) within us c) above us
2. What could not be nowhere else but on earth according to the speaker in ‘Heaven, If You Are Not Here on Earth’?
3. The poet finds god in______
a) Nature b) earth c) temple
4. According to the speaker in ‘Heaven, If You Are Not Here On Earth’, if we ourselves cannot be gods, then there
can be no____
a) Gods. b) Nymphs. c) Humans.
5. Who creates heaven on earth?
6. Mention any one aspect of nature that makes this earth a heaven in “Heaven, If You Are Not Here on Earth‘’.
7. What quality of harvest causes heaven to lie all over in ‘Heaven, If you arenot here on Earth’?
8. Where according to the poet does the tender sunshine lean on, in “Heaven,If You Are Not Here on Earth‘?
9. What does the poet create on earth according to the speaker in ‘Heaven, IfYou Are Not Here on Earth’?
10. Where does the poet create heaven according to the speaker in ‘Heaven, IfYou Are Not Here on Earth’?
Answers
1) a) On earth 6) Roaring stream / tender sunshine/harvest/ moonlight
2) Heaven 7) Gentle sun and the splendor ofharvest
3) a) Nature 8) On verdant gardens
4) a) Gods 9) Heaven
5) The poet 10) On Earth
II. 4-mark/ 6 mark questions and answers
1. “Heaven is a product of human effort”, How is this brought out in “Heaven, IfYou Are Not Here On Earth”?
OR ‘Heaven lies all over’. Explain with reference to “Heaven, If You Are Not Here On Earth”. OR
‘It is not gods that make heaven but humans who attain divinity.’ How is this brought out in ‘Heaven, If You Are
Not Here On Earth’?
The speaker of the poem effectively argues that we don’t need to seek heaven elsewhere. As, the beauty of the nature
makes the earth a heavenly place. He proves this by describing roaring Streams, sunshine, moonlight and the harvest.
According to him, the concepts of God, nymphs and heaven are just myths. We, humans can transform this earth into a
heaven by following the path of virtue. The concept of heaven is an abstract idea. We can have the heaven here on the
earth itself by becoming ourselves gods and nymphs. The poet expects us to develop noble and divine qualities so that
the earth can be transformed into a place of beauty like heaven.

UNIT_11. JAPAN AND BRAZIL THROUGH A TRAVELER’S EYE - George Mikes

I. One-Mark Questions and answers.
1. Mikes describes Japan as being
a) overconfident. b) overcrowded. c) overjoyed.
2. What does Mikes call ‘a man’s castle’ in Japan?
3. What do the people of Japan highly respect according to Mikes?
4. How long does it take in Japan to get convinced that one is amongexquisitely well-mannered people?
5. What is the mania in Japan according to Mikes?
6. As Mikes says, after a few hours in Japan, one starts
a) thanking b) bowing c) kissing
7. In Japan, the sister bows to
a. Younger brothers b. Elder brothers c. all the Brothers
8. The Japanese stores employ to greet customersaccording to George Mikes.
a) singing girls b) dancing girls c) bowing girls
9. Who enter the carriage in a slightly theatrical scene as noticed by Mikes in Japan?
10. Which animal bowed to Mikes in Japan?
11. George Mikes compares the act of two Japanese bowing to
a) an early American traffic law.
b) page-boys turning revolving doors.
c) Tokaido line that connects Tokyo and Osaka.
12. What must one do while eating soup in Japan according to Mikes?
13. The pavements in the streets of Copacabana in Brazil are often decoratedwith
a) pink granite slabs. b) grey cobble stones. c) beautiful black mosaics.
14. Whose life is becoming hazardous every day in Brazil according to Mikes?
15. As soon as a driver notices a pedestrian step off the pavement in Brazil, he
a) regards him as a fair game.
b) greets him and smiles.
c) ignores him and moves on.
16. What according to George Mikes do the driver and pedestrian finally do inBrazil?
17. ‘The Avenida Presidente Vargas’ in Brazil is described by Mikes as
a) a wonderful place. b) an auspicious place. c) the worst place.
18. “Exquisitely well-mannered People” refers to
a) Indians b) Japanese c) Americans
Answers
1. b) over crowded. 10. Deer
2. Telephone receiver 11. a) an early American traffic law
3. Privacy 12. Must make a fearful noise
4. A quarter of an hour 13. C) beautiful black mosaics
5. Bowing 14. Pedestrian’s
6. b) bowing 15. a) regards him as a fair game
7. c) all the brothers 16. Smile at each other
8. c) bowing girls 17. C) the worst place.
9. two conductors 18. b) Japanese
II. 4 marks/ 6 marks questions and answers
1. What are the observations of George Mikes on Japanese bowing mania? OR
How does George Mikes describe bowing to be a quainter and infectious traitof Japanese people? OR
The Japanese follow a complicated hierarchy in bowing. How is this presented by Mikes?
According to George Mikes, Bowing is a natural practice in Japanese culture. They have a mania for bowing. Bowing looks very
natural, inimitable, quainter,formal, oriental and infectious. They have complicated hierarchy in bowing. They know very clearly
who should bow to whom, how deeply and how long: it depends on a person’s rank, standing, age and social position. In a
family, wife bows to husband, the child bows to his father, younger brothers bow to elder brothers and sister bows to brothers of
whatever age. Bowing girls are employed in the stores for bowing to everyone. The conductors in train bow to passengers before
checking tickets. A deer in zoo bowed to George Mikes before snatchingfood bag from his hand. People bow to each other at bus
stop. As soon as the busarrives, they turn savages for getting into the bus.
2. Describe how traffic in Brazil leads to humorous observation.
George Mikes makes humorous comments on traffic in Avinda Presidente Vargas inparticular and Brazil in general. According to
him, Brazilians are easy going people. But the same people change the moment they start driving. No speed is fast for them.
They drive as if gaining a tenth of a second is also very important. He also talks about the increasing number of vehicles in
Brazil. This is making the pedestrians life hazardous. They drive cars with high speed. As soon as a driver notices a pedestrian
on the road, he takes aim and speeds up his car. The pedestrian jumps, leaps and run for his life. Then they smile at each other.
In Avinda Presidente Vargas, one has to spend hours trying to cross the road. Even the crawling traffic would proceed at
terrifying speed. Drivers do not let people cross the road. The war between drivers appears murderous but good tempered. They
cut in and over take from both sides. They force others to brake violently and commit all kinds of traffic crimes.

UNIT_12. The Voter - Chinua Achebe

I. One mark questions and answers
1. Who was supposed to be very popular in his village in ‘The Voter’?
2. Who was addressed as Roof, for short in ‘The Voter’?
3. Where had Roof spent two years as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice in ‘TheVoter’?
4. How long had Roof been a bicycle repairer’s assistant in ‘The Voter’?
5. Who was referred to as ‘PAP’s most illustrious son in ‘The Voter’?
6. Mention the promise made by PAP if they were voted to power in ‘TheVoter’?
7. Name the man of high traditional title in Umuofia mentioned in ‘TheVoter’.
8. Opposition to Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’ was like
a) A fly trying to move a dunghill.
b) The bird challenging his personal spirit.
c) A mortar turning its back on the ground.
9. What was Marcus Ibe before entering politics in ‘The Voter’?
10. What had Marcus Ibe named his new house?
11. Roof offered shillings initially to the elders for their votesin ‘The Voter’.
a) four b) two c) five
12. How many shillings was finally accepted for the votes by the elders in ‘The Voter’?
13. Who had formed POP in ‘The Voter’?
14. What does POP stand for in ‘The Voter’?
15. How much did the POP campaign team offer Roof for his vote in ‘The Voter’?
16. What was Roof asked to swear on by the POP team in ‘The Voter’?
17. Who competed against Marcus in the election in ‘The Voter’?
18. Whose election symbol was ‘man’s head’ in ‘The Voter’?
Answers
1) Roof 7) OgbuefiEzenwa 13) Tribes down the coast
2) Rufus Okeke 8) a) a fly trying to move a 14) Progressive Organization
dunghill
3) In Port Harcourt 9) Mission school teacher 15) Five pounds
4) 2 years 10) Umoufia Mansions 16) Iyi
5) Marcus Ibe 11) B) two 17) Maduka
6) Pipe -borne water 12) Four shillings 18) Maduka’s / POP’s
II. 4 marks/ 6 marks questions.
1. How is Roof’s dilemma brought out in “The Voter’? OR
‘Roof is an intelligent manipulator.’ Justify with reference to ‘The Voter’. OR
Roof’s dilemma on the day of election is the result of his own misdeeds. Give Reasons.
Roof got bicycle repairer training in Port Harcourt for two years. But he gave up a bright future and returned to
Umuofia. He could tell the temper and mood of voters. He worked as an election campaigner for Marcus Ibe. Roof
took many advantages from Marcus Ibe. He got rich robes and bottles of beer. He was chauffer driven in Marcus Ibe’s
car to the disputed land that resultedin winning the land case. Along with other campaigners, Roof distributed shillings
to the voters and demanded their votes for Marcus. He was the most trusted election campaigner of Marcus Ibe. But he
received five pounds from POP campaigner and promised on Iyi to vote for Maduka. While voting, he torn the ballot
paper into two parts and dropped them into two boxes.
2. What changes did politics bring in Marcus Ibe? OR
Describe how Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’ had managed to become a successful politician?
Based on a complaint from a female teacher, the school was about to dismiss Marcus Ibe. To avoid dismissal, Marcus
Ibe left the school teacher’s job and joined PAP. He contested election and won in Umuofia. He was made the
minister of culture. He became rich very soon. He bought two long cars. He got a lot of wealth, chieftaincy titles and
doctorate degrees. He did not leave Umuofia and remained devoted to his people. Whenever he could, he left the good
things of the capital to live in Umuofia. He built the biggest house in Umuofia and named it as Umuofia Mansions to
please the voters. The village neither had running water nor electricity. But he got water and electricity supplied to his
house. Marcus wanted to win in the coming elections. He appointed Roof and other boys as election campaigners. He
had arranged a feast for the villagers during the house warming ceremony. He had drawn his five months’ salary in advance
and distributed shillings to the voters. He alsopromised pipe-borne water to Umuofia. He expected an easy win in the election.
UNIT_13. WHERE THERE IS A WHEEL - P Sainath
I. Answer the following in a word or a phrase or in a sentence each
1. Where did cycling as a social movement take place?
2. Who had taken bicycling as Symbol of independence, freedom and mobility?
3. What was the symbol of independence, freedom and mobility for ruralwomen in Pudukkottai?
4. Name the school teacher who was so addicted to cycling that she hired abicycle every evening.
5. Name the organization that led the vigorous literary drive for rural womenin Pudukkottai?
6. Name the Arivoli Central Coordinator and one of the pioneers of cyclingmovement in Pudukkottai?
7. Name the former district collector of Pudukkottai who promoted literacydrive as well as cycling movement for women.
8. Name the owner of Ram Cycles who saw a rise of over 350 per cent in the sales of ladies’ cycle in a year in Pudukkottai .
9. Name the international organization which sanctioned fifty mopeds for the Arivoli activists in 1992.
10. Who wrote the famous cycling song that had become the anthem of Arivoli Iyakkam?
11. Name the humble vehicle that brought drastic changes in the lives of womenin Pudukkottai?
13. What according to P. Sainath played a big role in undermining women’s confidence?
14.. Whose brain child was the cycling movement according to P. Sainath?
Answers
1) Pudukkottai 6) N Kannammal 11) Bicycle.
2) Rural Women in 7) Sheela Rani Chunkath
Pudukkottai
3) Bicycle/cycling 8) S Kannakarajan 12) Lack of mobility
4) Fathima 9) UNICEF 13) Sheela Rani Chunkath
5) ArivoliIyakkam 10) Muthu Bhaskaran
II. 4 marks/ 6 marks questions.
1. How according to P. Sainath has cycling swept across Pudukkottai district? OR
‘Wheel brings progress.’ Justify the statement with reference to ‘Where There IsA Wheel’. OR
How has cycling become a metaphor for freedom in Pudukkottai? Explain. OR
ArivoliIyakkam led literacy drive and cycling drive for rural women in Pudukkottai. It encouraged women to learn cycling. It
organized training camps, exhibitions and contests. Women agricultural workers, quarry labourers, nurses, balawadi and anganawadi
workers, teachers, gem cutters and grama sevikas learnt cycling and began to use. Cycling became a social movement. DC Sheela
Rani Chunkath pushed the banks to provide loans for buying bicycles. UNICEF sanctioned 50 mopeds for activists. Cycling gave
independence, freedom, mobility, self-respect and courage to the women. It made them less dependent on men and buses for
mobility. Women used bicycles for selling agricultural products. They could carry more produce, cover more areas in less time and
reach unconnected areas. It gave more time for selling the produce. Bicycle was used for reaching the work place and for carrying
home water pots. It increasedtheir leisure time as well. Thus, Cycling made life easy for women. The humblevehicle brought drastic
changes in their lives.
 GRAMMAR
I. Reading comprehension (Unseen Passages)
1. Read the passages given below and answer the questions set on them.
A ten years old boy saw a flying bird and shot it down. He ran and picked it up. The bird looked like a house
sparrow, but it had a yellow patch on the throat. The child had not seen such spots before. The puzzled boy took the
sparrow to his uncle Amiruddeen and asked him what kind of bird it was. His uncle was not able to satisfy his
curiosity. He took the boy to the office of Bombay Natural History Society and introduced him to W. S. Millard,
the Honorary Secretary of the society. Millard was surprised to find such a young boy keen to know about the birds.
He took him around the room and showed him many stuffed birds. The child became more curious about birds.
Thereafter, the boy started coming to his office frequently to learn about identifying and preserving birds. The boy
was Salim Moizuddin Abdul Ali, later known as Salim Ali, the bird watcher. Salim Ali was born on November 12,
1896. He did a course in zoology and was appointed a guide at the museum of Bombay Natural History Society.
During the course of this work he became more and more eager to study the living conditions of the birds. With this
aim he went to Germany. After one year, he returned to India. In his absence, his post in the museum had been
abolished for lack of funds. He would sit under the trees throughout the day and write in his note book about the
activities of the weaver bird. In 1930 he published a research paper on the nature and the activities of the weaver
bird. The published papers brought him fameand recognition in the fields of Ornithology. After this, he travelled to
various places to study about birds and wrote a book titled ‘The Book of Indian Birds’ which was published in
1941. The book gave information about 538 Species of Indian birds. Because of his deep knowledge about the
birds, people started calling him the moving encyclopedia of birds. He worked not only in the study of birds but
also in the field of protection of nature. He was given an international award of Rs. 5, 00,000 which hedonated to the
Bombay Natural History Society. In 1983, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan by the Government of India.
When this ninety-year-old ornithologist diedon 20 June 1987, the birds lost their godfather and friend.
24.
a) Which bird had the boy shot down? (House sparrow)
b) What difference did the boy see about the bird? (The bird had a yellow patch on the throat.)
c) Name the boy’s uncle. (Ameeruddeen)
d) Who was W. S. Millard? (He was the honorary secretary of Bombay Natural history Society)
e) Where was Salim appointed as a guide? (At the museum of Bombay Natural History Society)
f) How long had Salim been in Germany? (One year)
g) Salim was famous for his role in the ______(Protecting/protection) of nature. (Protection)
h) Mention the title of the book written by Salim. (The Book of Indian Birds)
i) Pick out and write the word which means ‘Study of Birds’ in the passage. (Ornithology)
j) Which award was conferred on Salim Ali by Government of India? (Padma Vibhushan)
2. Years ago, in a small fishing village in Holland, a young boy taught the world about the rewards of unselfish service.
Because the entire village revolved around fishing industry, a voluntary rescue team was needed in cases of
emergency. One night the winds raged, the clouds burst and a gale storm capsized a fishing boat at sea. The crew sent
out the SOS. The captain of the rescue rowboat sounded the alarm and the villagers assembled in the town square
overlooking the bay. While the team launched their rowboat and fought their way through the wild waves, the
villagers waited on the beach, holding lanterns to light the way back.
An hour later, the rescue boat reappeared and falling exhausted on the sand, the volunteers reported that they had to
leave one man behind as even one more man would have capsized the rescue boat and all would have been lost.
The captain called for another volunteer team to go after the lone survivor. Sixteen- year-old Hans stepped forward.
His mother grabbed his hand pleading, “Please don’t go. Your father died in a shipwreck ten years ago and your older
brother Paul has beenlost at sea for three weeks. Hans, you are all I have.”
Hans replied, “Mother, I Have to go. What if everyone said, ‘I can’t go, let someone do it’? Mother, this time I have to
do my duty. When the call for service comes, we all need to take our turn and do our part.” Hans kissed his mother,
joined the team and disappeared into the night. Another hour passed and finally the rescue boat came back with Hans
standing up in the bow. The captain called out, “Did you find the lost man?” Barely able to contain himself, Hans
excitedly yelled back. “Yes, we found him. Tell my mother it’s my olderbrother Paul.”
24.
a) What occupation was the entire village dependent on? (fishing)
b) When was a voluntary rescue team needed? ( in cases of emergency)
c) Why did the villagers hold the lanterns? (to light the way back)
d) How old was Hans? (16 /sixteen years)
e) Add prefix to the word ‘appear’ to form its antonym. (disappear)
 f) Whom did Hans join? (the rescue team)
g) How long did the rescue boat take to bring back the lone survivor? ( an hour / one hour)
h) The word ‘lone’ in the passage means.
a) far b) only c) older (b) only)
i) Name the lost man rescued by Hans and his team. (Paul)
j) Hans couldn’t contain his (excite). (excitement)
II. Poetry comprehension
25. I passed along the waters’ edge below the humid trees.
My spirit rocked in evening light, the rushes round my knees,
My spirit rocked in sleep and sighs; and saw the moorfowl pace
i) Where was the speaker walking? (Along the water edge)
ii) What rocked in evening light? (His spirit)
iii) Name the bird mentioned in the above lines. (Moorfowl)
25. At the corner of Wood Street, when daylight appears, Hangs a thrush that
sings loud, it has sung for three years:Poor Susan has passed by the spot,
and has heard In the silence of morning the song of the Bird.
i) Where does Susan come across the thrush? (at the corner of Wood street)
ii) How long has the thrush been singing? (for three years)
iii) when has Susan heard the song of the bird? (in the silence of the morningiv)
25. That murmur, soon replies: “God doth not needEither man’s work or
his own gifts: who best Bear His mild yoke, they serve Him best
i) What does God not need? (man’s work or his own gifts)
ii) In ‘Bear His mild yoke’, His refers to.___ a) God b) man c)murmur
iii) How to serve the God? (by bearing his mild yoke)
25. Well, I am cured now; I can walk Cured by nothing more
than laughterSometimes, though, when I see sticks I walk
worse for some hours after.
i) What can the speaker do now? (walk)
ii) How was the speaker cured? (by laughter)
iii) When does the speaker walk worse? (when he sees sticks)
III. Right Forms of Verbs
1. A Man chased the dog. 2. The dog was chased by a man.
In the above sentences, there is no change in the meaning. There is no change in tense of the sentences (both are in
past Tense). The difference is in the way of expression.
Sentence 1 is active voice : Subject + verb+ object (A man + chased+ the dog)
Sentence 2 is in passive voice: Subject + HV + main Verb in Past Participle form+ by +object.
(The dog + was+ chased +by +a man)
Note: sentence 1 has active verb : Chased : Sentence 2 has passive verb: was chased

Ex 1. The students (take) on a picnic to Jog falls. Answer: were taken

(The subject is plural (students) therefore, were+ taken (past participle form)

Ex 2. The student (warn) not to go near the falls. Answer: was warned
(The subject is singular (student) therefore, was + warned (past participle form)

Ex 3. The French government replied that the machine and an expert___ (could, supply) at the cost of 16000 francs.
Answer: Could be supplied
(Modal+ be+ verb in PP form, therefore, could + be + supplied)
Q . 26. Complete the following by filling in the blanks using the right form of the verbgiven in brackets.
1. A fence…………..(build) around Tammanna’s land by Basavaiah. Both of them…………(encourage) by their
supporters. Tammanna……….(advise) by his supporters about the various means available for getting back his land.
Answer: was built, were encouraged, was advised
2. A few years ago a murder_________(commit). The case_________(try) in themost judicial manner. The
criminal_________(sentence) to death. Answer: was committed, Was tried, Was sentenced
3. Mikes visited a Japanese house. He (offer) a bowl of soup. While eating soup it (expect) that
he should make a fearful noise. He knew that if Europeans made sound, they (considered) to be ill-
mannered louts. Answer : was offered, Was expected, Were considered
4. Roof was a young man. He__________(know) to everyone in Umuofia. The POP campaigner met him at night. No
words______________(waste) between them. Roof______________(give) five pounds to vote for Maduka.
Answer : was known, Were wasted, Was given
5. It was the occasion of International Women’s Day in 1992. Pudukkottai__________(take) by storm. The town’s
inhabitants ____(stun) by the all-women’s cycle rally. However, it ___(approve) by Sheela Rani Chunkath, the
district collector. Answer : was taken, Were stunned, Was approved
IV. Reported Speech
Consider:
1. Shama : “My mother is an extraordinary woman”.
2. Shama said that her mother was an extraordinary woman.
Sentence 1 is in Direct Speech. Direct speech repeats or quotes the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech
in writing, we place the words spoken betweenquotation marks (" ") or ( :) and there is no change in these words.
Sentence 2 is in Reported Speech. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally
change the tense of the words spoken into past tense.We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the
word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Inverted commas are not used.
Tense Direct Speech Reported Speech
Present Laura said that she was so glad to be there
Laura: I am so glad to be here (S+V+O)
simple (Changed to past simple)
Present Laura: I am responding toyour salute Laura said that she was responding to his salute.
continuous (S+AUX+V+ING+O) (Changedto past continuous)
Old man said that he had been Tammanna’s rival.
Past simple Old man: He was Tammanna’s rival. (S+V+O)
(Changed topast perfect)
Past Laura: I was responding to your salute. Laura said that she had been responding to his
continuous (S+AUX+V+ING+O) salute.(Changed to past perfect continuous)
Roof has become an expert in electioncampaigning. They said(that)Roof had becomean expert in election
Presentperfect
(S+ HAVE or HAS+PAST PARTICIPLE OF THE VERB+O) campaigning. (Changed to past perfect)
Villgers: Politics had come totheir village. They said that politics had cometo their village.
Past perfect
(S+HAD+PASTPARTICIPLEOFTHEVE RB+O) (Remains past perfect)
will Bandhavya: I'll see you later She said that she would see melater.
would* Shoma: I would help, but..” She said (that) she would helpbut...
can Prakruthi: I cans peak perfect English She said (that) she could speakperfect English.
could* Aasha: I could swim when I was four She said (that) she could swimwhen she was four.
shall Ayesha: I shall come later She said (that) she would comelater.
should* Mubarak: I should call my mother She said(that) she should call hermother
might* Rosie: I might be late She said(that) she might be late
must Asra: I must study at the weekend She said she had to study at the week end
Words indicating nearness are changed into words showing distance.
Here-there tomorrow-the next/following day
This-that yesterday-the previous day
These-those the next week-the following week
Today-that day now-then
Tonight-that night
Reporting Exclamatory Sentence:
Laura said, “What an atrocious lie it is”!
Ans: Laura exclaimed that it was an atrocious lie.
 Reporting ‘Wh’questions:
Direct Question Reported Question
Where is the Post Office, please? She asked me where the post office was.
What are you doing? She asked me what I was doing.
Who was that man? She asked me who that man had been.
Reporting “Yes – No” questions:
Direct Question Reported Question
Have you completed the work? He asked me if I had completed the work
Are you going to Bengaluru? She asked me if I was going to Bengaluru
Do you live here? She asked me if I lived there
Reporting Requests OR Imperatives:
Introduce ‘to’ infinitive in such statements
All of these requests mean the same thing, so we don't need to report every word when we tell another person
about it.
Simply use 'ask me + to +infinitive':
Direct Request Reported Request
Please forgive me. He asked me to forgive her.
Please don't smoke. He asked her not to smoke.
Q. 27. Report the following conversation.
1. Don Gonzalo : I was brought up here, and there I spent my early youth. Have you ever visited that city?
Dona Laura : What did they call it?
Don Gonzalo : Maricela. Is the name familiar to you?
Dona Laura : You reminded me of my best friend.
Ans.: Don Gonzalo said that he had been brought up there and had spent his earlyyouth there. He asked further if
she had ever visited that city. Dona Laura asked what they had called that. Don Gonzalo said it was Maricela. He
asked if the name was familiar to her.Dona Laura replied that he had reminded her of her best friend.
2. Minister: Why do you not run away? There is no guard to keep you. You can go where you like, and the prince
will not mind.
Prisoner: I have nowhere to go. What can I do?
Ans: The minister asked why he did not run away and there was no guard to keep him. He added that he could go
where he liked, and the prince would not mind. Theprisoner said that he had nowhere to go and asked what he could do.
3. Dona Laura : Why do you complain that the priests have taken your bench?
Dona Laura : What an ill-natured old man! Why must people get so fussy and cross whenthey reach a certain age?
Don Gonzalo : Have the priests gone yet?Juanito: No. They are still there.
Ans: Dona Laura asked why he complained that the priests had taken her bench. Dona Laura exclaimed further
that he was an ill-natured old man and asked why people must get so fussy and cross when they reached a
certain age. Don Gonzalo asked if the priests had gone. Juanito replied that they hadn’t. And said that they were still there.
Q.No.28. Dialogue Writing
Language functions Expressions used Responses
Good Morning
Good Morning Good
Very Good MorningGood Afternoon
1. Greeting AfternoonGood Evening
Good Evening
Good Night
Good Night
Bye
Ok then
Bye now Good Bye
Bye take careGood bye
2. Leave taking See you laterSee you Soon
Fine
May I take leave
All rightBye-Bye
Well it is time for me now
Would you please Could you
possibly If you don’t mind
Why not Don’t worryBy
3. Requests Sorry to trouble you
all means
I would be grateful if you
I hope you don’t mind
 That is fine….. It is so nice….
I like…… I am fond of….
That is very good…
I love……. Good, keep it up….
4. Likes and Dislikes I am addicted to……. That is very bad…
I enjoy……. I am crazy about… Very good…..
I don’t like… I dislike…. So interesting….
I hate…… I never like…. Is it?.........
I am grateful to you…….It is very It is my pleasure….It is my
5. Gratitude nice of you…….It is very kind of pleasure….It is my duty…….
you….. Thank you so much….. Welcome…….
I beg your pardon…. It is OK…
6. Apology I apologize….. I am so sorry…. It is all right…. Don’t worry…
I am extremely sorry…. Nothing to worry
So sad……. How sad!……
7. Sympathy I sympathize with you…
My sympathies are with you..
May I….. By all means….Why not…… Go ahead……
8. Seeking Permission
I…… Can I……. Shall I….. Certainly…
I am sorry to say…. Sorry for…….
9. Complaining
I regret to inform you…. We will take note……..
Congratulations….
10. Congratulating I must congratulate you..
Thank you…..
We would like to congratulate..
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING DIALOGUE
1. (Conversation between shop keeper and a customer in a vegetable shop)
Shop Keeper : Hello Madam, what do you want?
Customer : . ( informs what is needed)
Shop Keeper : How many kilograms of Onions do you need madam?
Customer : . What is the price per kilogram? (Mentions quantity) Shop
Keeper : .( informs the price)
Customer : just check your account, I am paying the amount through Google pay.
Shop Keeper : Ok madam. I received money. . (Expresses gratitude)
Answer: I want onions.
I need five kilo Grams.
Thirty rupees per KG.
Thank you, madam.
2. ( conversation between a student and his class teacher)
Rabiya : .............................................................. (seeks permission to enter the office)
Class Teacher :..................................................... What is the matter Rabiya? (gives permission)
Rabiya : Madam, I am suffering from fever from yesterday, Would you please sanction me leave for two days madam?
Class Teacher :............................................... (gives permission)
Rabiya : ........................................................ ( expressing gratitude)
Answer:
May I come in sir?/ could I come in?
Yes, come in.
No problem, you may take leave.Thank
you very much madam.

Q. No. 29. IDIOMS AND PHRASES [2 Marks]

Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate expressions given in brackets.
1. The criminal was asked to run away. But the criminal said that people would on
him if he did so. He also said that he had of working.
(Got out of the way, turn their backs, be hanged)
Answer : turn their backs, Got out of the way
 2. Marcus knew that he would win but he didn’t want .................................................................... a single vote. All
the while Roof weighed down with guilt, pretended …………………………
(to be in high spirits, to throw away, pass by)
Answer : to throw away, To be in high spirits
3. Tammana _____ the idea of composing ballads and singing them, to avenge Basavaiah.______ On the other hand
Basaaiah also tried to but could not do so.
(Follow suit, withstanding strains, hit upon)Answers: hit upon, follow suit
Q. No 30. COHESIVE LINKERS
Question: Fill in the blanks with the right linker.
1. Japanese are said to be well-mannered they respect each other’s privacy. You can
conduct your most confidential business transactions and love-quarrels in public in perfect
privacy. Anybody could listen in nobody does. a telephone-
receiver is a man’s castle in Japan. (Yet, therefore, but, because)
Answer: 1 Because 2. Yet 3. But 4. Therefore
2. Rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah looked like healthy competition in the beginning._______it rose to
such a pitch _they started competing in buying each acre of land inthe village. no land in the village
was left for buying. Even then Basavaiah was nothappy he had 200 acres less than Tammanna.
(because , finally, gradually, that)
Answer: 1. Gradually 2. That 3. Finally 4. Because
3. Cycling made women independent_________it reduced their dependence on men.______it gave them a
sense of freedom._____they had to put up with vicious attacks on their character. all women in
Pudukottai learnt cycling. (Moreover, as, even then, but)
Answer: 1. As 2. Moreover .3. .But 4. Even then
Q. No: 31. NOTE MAKING
1. Fill in the blanks with essential details.
There are three methods of rice cultivation. They are broadcasting, drilling and transplanting. The broadcasting
method involves scattering of seeds by hand and it is practised in less fertile hilly areas. In drilling method, seeds are
drilled into the soil. This method is confined to peninsularIndia. The transplanting method uses seedlings grown in seed
beds for four weeks. It requires abundant supply of labour and water but gives higher yields.

Answer:
1 broad casting 2 drilling 3 transplanting 4 seeds
5 hand 6 peninsular India 7 weeks 8 higher yields
Q. No: 32. WRITING A LETTER OF APPLICATION [5 Marks]
Carefully read the advertisement and note down
1. To address (Write XXX for name and YYY for address.)
2. Name of the news paper
3. Post/ position
4. Prescribed qualification
1. Write a letter of application in response to the following advertisement which appearedin ‘The Times of India’
dated May 24th 2021. ROYAL ENFIELD WANTED Receptionist.
Qualification: II PUC with computer knowledge of Kannada, English and Hindi languages is must.
Apply immediately to, The Manager Classic Motors, BB Road, Guttahalli, Bangalore-08
Answer:
From : XXXX
YYYY 24th May 2021

To. : The Manager Classic

Motors,
BB Road, Guttahalli,
Bangalore 08

Respected Madam/ Sir,

Sub: Application for the post of a receptionist.
Ref: Your advertisement in ‘The Times of India’ dated 24th May, 2021.
I am writing to apply for the post of receptionist as advertised in the newspaper. I have passed my PUC
with a first class. My detailed resume and photocopies of marks cards are enclosed with this letter for your
consideration. As I have required qualification and experience, request you to consider me for the post and to
oblige. I look forward to hear from you soon.
Thank you.
Yours faithfully,
(Signature)
(XXXX)
Encl: i) Resume
ii) Photocopies of marks cards
Resume
Name : XXXX
Father’s name : AAAA
Date of Birth/Age : 18 years
Permanent Address : YYYY
Nationality : Indian
Languages Known : Kannada, English, Hindi
Educational Qualification :
Name of the Board/ Year of Marks Max.
Subjects Studied
Exam University Passing obtained marks
Kan, Eng, Hindi, SC, Math,
SSLC SSLC board 2015 421 600
Social Science.
PUC PU board 2017 422 600 Kan, Eng, HEBA
Experience: worked as a receptionist at Jawa Perak showroom from 2018 to march2020.
Place: YYYY Sd
XXXX
 Q. No 33. SPEECH WRITING OR REPORT WRITING (Any one - 5 Marks)
Preferred Structure : Beginning (Introduction):
Include the address to the audience.
Introduce the topic that you are going to speak
Mention the occasion
Middle (Body):
Include the details of the subject of speech.
Avoid the repetition of the points.
End (Conclusion):
Include the summary of the main points.
Conclude with a compelling remark.
Say thanks to the audience.

1. You are the secretary of your College Union. You have invited the District Commissioner as the chief guest for
the College Day. Based on the following details about him, write a speech in about 100 words to introduce him
at the function.
Name : Dr Niranjan
Birth place: Bangalore
Education : M.B.B.S. from Bangalore University
I.A.S_________2005 batch
Profile: Started career as an I.A.S. probationer. Posted as Asst. Commissioner to Haveri-Got the budget
sanctioned for city Drinking water project and earned good name. Now D.C. in your town.
Answer: Good morning everyone. Respected Principal, beloved teachers, my dear friends, ladies and gentlemen, it
gives me immense pleasure to address you. As the secretary of College Union, it is a great honor and privilege to
be able to introduce you today’s chief guest Dr. Niranjan, on this auspicious occasion of the College Day.
Dr Niranjan was born in Bangalore and studied in this Garden City only. He received his M.B.B.S. degree from
Bangalore University. And he passed I.A.S. in the year 2005. Dr. Niranjan started his career as an I.A.S.
probationer. Then posted as an Assistant Commissioner to Haveri. As an Asst. Commissioner he got the budget
sanctioned for city drinking water. This was his remarkable achievement and it brought him a good name. He has
distinguished himself as a sincere officer. We are very fortunate to have an honest and sincere officer like Dr.
Niranjan as our District Commissioner.
I am sure that you will all enjoy his words of wisdom.Thank you everyone for providing this opportunity.

REPORT WRITING :
Steps involved: i) Analyze and decide on the tense in which report has to be written.
ii) Note the important details
iii) While writing, make sure that each sentence is related to another, and this ispossible
by using referential words such as ‘it’, ‘this’, that, etc.
1. A survey was conducted to know why people travel to work by bicycle or car in India and the resultsare shown
in the following pie chart. Using the data, write a report in about 120 words.
 Answer: In the given pie charts, the first one shows the reasons why some people prefer to cycle to work, and the
second gives reasons of those who choose to go to work by car.
The highest percentage (30%) of those who favor cycling say that this is because riding a bicycle to work is healthier
than driving. The same number of people, 30% say that they cycle to work because it causes less pollution. 13% of
people cycle to work because it is cheaper than driving. Surprisingly, a similar amount of people said that they cycled
to work because it is faster than travelling by car. In contrast to this, the percentage who prefer to travel by car
because it is more comfortable is 40%. The two least important reasons for going to work by car, with 14% and 11%
respectively, is that people need to carry things to work and that it is safer than cycling to work. Finally, 16% say they
prefer driving because it is faster than cycling. This contrasts with the cyclists who ride to work because it is faster
than driving.
In general, it seems that the majority of people who cycle to work do this for health and environmental reasons. By
contrast, those who travel by car want to have a morecomfortable journey over longer distances.

Q. No. : 34. PRONOUNS

Definition: Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun. Pronouns are used in order to avoid the repetition of nouns.
Personal pronouns I, We, You, He, She, It, They
Possessive pronouns My, Our, Your, His, Her, Its, Mine, Ours, yours, Theirs, Hers,
Reflexive pronouns Myself, Yourself, Himself, Itself.
Interrogative pronouns Who, Whom, Whose, What, which,
Relative pronouns Who, That, Which,
Demonstrativepronouns This, There, That, Those.
Distributive pronouns Each, Every, Either, Neither.
Indefinite pronouns Anyone, Anybody, Someone, Somebody, No one, Nobody.
Q. What do the underlined words in the following paragraph refer to?
1. Salim took the rare looking bird to his uncle and asked him what kind of bird it was. His uncle examined it and
was unable to satisfy Salim’s curiosity. He took Salim to W.S. Millard, who was surprised to see such a young boy
keen about birds. Millard took Salim and showed him many stuffed birds at the society, where he worked.
Him: ................ It: ................ who: ...................... where: ......................
Answer: him: uncle, It: bird Who: W S Millard Where: the society

2. Hans offered to go with volunteer team which was going back into the sea to rescue the lone survivor who had
been left behind. Hans’s mother pleaded him not to go, as he was all that she had in the world.
which :_____ who :____ Him: _____ She :______
Answer: which : Volunteer team, who : Lone survivor Him: Hans She : Hans’ mother

Q. No 35. Arrangement of Jumbled Segments

Note: Follow word order. Subject (Nouns, Pronouns) and Predicate (Verb, verb phrases/ complement)
Q Rewrite the jumbled segments to form a meaningful sentence.
1. Can’t earn / labour / you / stone palaces / by honest
You Can’t earn stone palaces by honest labour.
2. Don Gonzalo/ handkerchief / his / used / as a shoe brush.
Don Gonzalo used his handkerchief as a shoe brush.
3. another shilling / got up / gave / Roof / each man / again / and
Roof got up again and gave each man another shilling.
4. that is/ near/ far / all /becomes
All that is near becomes far.