EM21 Modbus

EM21
COMMUNICATION
PROTOCOL
Version 1 Revision 0
April 7th, 2008

Index
1.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................3

1.2 MODBUS functions ...............................................................................................................................3
1.2.1 Function 03h (Read Holding Registers) ..............................................................................3
1.2.2 Function 04h (Read Input Registers) ..................................................................................4
1.2.3 Function 06h (Write Single Holding Register) .....................................................................4
1.2.4 Function 08h (Diagnostic with sub-function code 00h)........................................................5
1.2.5 Broadcast mode ..................................................................................................................5
1.3 Application notes...................................................................................................................................6
1.3.1 RS485 general considerations ............................................................................................6
1.3.2 MODBUS timing ..................................................................................................................6
2 TABLES .........................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Data format representation In Carlo Gavazzi instruments ....................................................................7
2.1.1 Geometric representation ....................................................................................................7
2.2 Maximum and minimum electrical values in EM21 ...............................................................................7
2.3 Instantaneous variables and meters .....................................................................................................8
2.4 Firmware version and revision code .....................................................................................................8
2.5 Programming lock status.......................................................................................................................8
2.6 Carlo Gavazzi Controls identification code ...........................................................................................9
2.7 Programming parameter tables.............................................................................................................9
2.7.1 Password configuration menu .............................................................................................9
2.7.2 “Application” menu...............................................................................................................9
2.7.3 System configuration menu .................................................................................................9
2.7.4 PT and CT configuration menu............................................................................................9
2.7.5 Pulse output configuration menu .......................................................................................10
2.7.6 Serial port configuration menu...........................................................................................10
2.7.7 Reset commands...............................................................................................................10
2.7.8 Note ...................................................................................................................................10
3 REVISIONS..................................................................................................................................10
Energy management
1.1 Introduction
The RS485 serial interface supports the MODBUS/JBUS (RTU) protocol. In this document only the
information necessary to read/write from/to EM21 has been reported (not all the parts of the protocol
have been implemented).
For a complete description of the MODBUS protocol please refer to the
“Modbus_Application_Protocol_V1_1a.pdf” document that is downloadable from the www.modbus.org
web site.
1.2 MODBUS functions
These functions are available on EM21:

• Reading of n “Holding Registers” (code 03h)
• Reading of n “Input Register” (code 04h)
• Writing of one “Holding Registers” (code 06h)
• Diagnostic (code 08h with sub-function code 00h)
• Broadcast mode (writing instruction on address 00h)
IMPORTANT:
1) In this document the “Modbus address” field is indicated in two modes:
1.1) “Modicom address”: it is the “6-digit Modicom” representation with Modbus function code 04
(Read Input Registers). It is possible to read the same values with function code 03 (Read
Holding Registers) replacing the first digit (“3”) with the number “4”.
1.2) “Physical address”: it is the “word address” value to be included in the communication
frame.
2) The functions 03h and 04h have exactly the same effect and can be used indifferently.
3) The communication parameters are to be set according to the configuration of the instrument
(refer to EM21 instruction manual)
1.2.1 Function 03h (Read Holding Registers)

This function is used to read the contents of a contiguous block of holding registers (word). The Request
frame specifies the starting register address and the number of registers to be read. It is possible to
read maximum 11 registers (words) with a single request, when not differently specified.
The register data in the response message are packed as two bytes per register (word), with the binary
contents right justified within each byte. For each register, the first byte contains the high order bits
(MSB) and the second contains the low order bits (LSB).
Request frame
Description Length Value Note
Physical address 1 byte 1 to F7h (1 to 247)
Function code 1 byte 03h
Starting address 2 bytes 0000h to FFFFh Byte order: MSB, LSB
Quantity of registers (N word) 2 bytes 1 to 10h (1 to 11) Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes
Response frame (correct action)

Quantity of requested bytes 1 byte N word * 2
Register value N*2 bytes Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes
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Response frame (incorrect action)

Physical address 1 byte 1 to F7h (1 to 247) Possible exception :
Function code 1 byte 83h 01h: illegal function
Exception code 1 byte 01h, 02h, 03h, 04h (see note) 02h: illegal data address
CRC 2 bytes 03h: illegal data value
04h: slave device failure
1.2.2 Function 04h (Read Input Registers)

This function code is used to read the contents of a contiguous block of input registers (word). The
Request frame specifies the starting register address and the number of registers to be read. It is
possible to read maximum 11 register (word) with a single request, when not differently specified.
The register data in the response message are packed as two bytes per register (word), with the binary
contents right justified within each byte. For each register, the first byte contains the high order bits
(MSB) and the second contains the low order bits (LSB).
Request frame
Quantity of registers (N word) 2 bytes 1 to 10h (1 to 11) Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes

Quantity of requested bytes 1 byte N word * 2
Register value N*2 bytes Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes

Exception code 1 byte 01h, 02h, 03h, 04h 02h: illegal data address
1.2.3 Function 06h (Write Single Holding Register)

This function code is used to write a single holding register. The Request frame specifies the address of
the register (word) to be written and its content.
The correct response is an echo of the request, returned after the register content has been written.
Request frame
Register value 2 bytes 0000h to FFFFh Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes

Register value 2 bytes 0000h to FFFFh Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes
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1.2.4 Function 08h (Diagnostic with sub-function code 00h)

MODBUS function 08h provides a series of tests to check the communication system between a client
(Master) device and a server (Slave), or to check various internal error conditions in a server.
EM24-DIN supports only 0000h sub-function code (Return Query Data). With this sub-function the data
passed in the request data field is to be returned (looped back) in the response. The entire response
message should be identical to the request.
Request frame
Sub-function 2 bytes 0000h
Data (N word) N *2 bytes Data Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes

Physical address 1 byte 1 to F7 (1 to 247)
Sub-function 2 bytes 0000h
Data (N word) N *2 bytes Data Byte order: MSB, LSB
CRC 2 bytes

1.2.5 Broadcast mode
In broadcast mode the master can send a request (command) to all the slaves. No response is returned
to broadcast requests sent by the master. It is possible to send the broadcast message only with
function code 06h using address 00h.
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1.3 Application notes
1.3.1 RS485 general considerations
1. To avoid errors due to the signal reflections or line coupling, it is necessary to terminate the bus at
the beginning and at the end (inserting a 120 ohm 1/2W 5% resistor between line B and A in the last
instrument and in the Host interface).
2. The network termination is necessary even in case of point-to-point connection and/or of short
distances.
3. For connections longer than 1000m or if in the network there are more than 160 instruments (with
1/5 unit load as used in EM21 interface), a signal repeater is necessary.
4. For bus connection it is suggested to use an AWG24 balanced pair cable and to add a third wire for
GND connection. Connect GND to the shield if a shielded cable is used.
5. The GND is to be connected to ground only at the host side.
6. If an instrument does not answer within the “max answering time”, it is necessary to repeat the
query. If the instrument does not answer after 2 or 3 consecutive queries, it is to be considered as
not connected, faulty or reached with a wrong address. The same consideration is valid in case of
CRC errors or incomplete response frames.
1.3.2 MODBUS timing
Fig. 1 : 2-wire timing diagram
Timing characteristics of reading function: msec

T response: Max answering time 500ms
T response: Typical answering time 40ms
T delay: Minimum time before a new query 3,5char
T null: Max interruption time during the request frame 2,5char
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2 TABLES
2.1 Data format representation In Carlo Gavazzi instruments
The variables are represented by integers or floating numbers, with 2’s complement notation in case of
“signed” format, using the following:
Format IEC data type Description Bits Range
INT16 INT Integer 16 -32768 .. 32767
UINT16 UINT Unsigned integer 16 0 .. 65535
INT32 DINT Double integer 32 -231 .. 231
UINT32 UDINT Unsigned double int 32 0 .. 232-1
UINT64 ULINT Unsigned long integer 64 0 .. 264-1
IEEE754 SP Single-precision floating- 32 -(1+[1 –2-23])x2127 .. 2128
point
For all the formats the byte order (inside the single word) is MSB->LSB. In INT32, UINT32 and UINT64
formats, the word order is LSW-> MSW.
2.1.1 Geometric representation

According to the signs of the power factor , the active power P and the reactive power Q, it is possible to
obtain a geometric representation of the power vector, as indicated in the drawing below, according to
EN 60253-23:
a = Exported active power

b = Imported active power
c = Imported reactive power
d = Exported reactive power
Fig. 2 : Geometric Representation
2.2 Maximum and minimum electrical values in EM21
The maximum electrical input values are reported in the following table. If the input is above the
maximum value the display shows “----”.
Table 2.1-1
AV5 input option AV6 input option
Max value Min value Max value Min value
VL-N 485V 0 150V 0
VL-L 840V 0 260V 0
A 6,5A 0 6,5A 0
VT 6000 1.0 6000 1.0
CT 60000 1.0 60000 1.0
The overflow indication “----“ is displayed when the MSB value of the relevant variable is 7FFFh.
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2.3 Instantaneous variables and meters

MODBUS: read only mode with functions code 03 and 04 Table 2.3-1
Modicom Physical Length VARIABLE Data Notes
address address (words) ENG. UNIT Format
300001 0000h 2 V L1-N INT32
300003 0002h 2 V L2-N INT32
300005 0004h 2 V L3-N INT32
Value weight: Volt*10
300007 0006h 2 V L1-L2 INT32
300009 0008h 2 V L2-L3 INT32
300011 000Ah 2 V L3-L1 INT32
300013 000Ch 2 A L1 INT32
300015 000Eh 2 A L2 INT32 Value weight: Ampere*1000
300017 0010h 2 A L3 INT32
300019 0012h 2 W L1 INT32
300021 0014h 2 W L2 INT32 Value weight: Watt*10
300023 0016h 2 W L3 INT32
300025 0018h 2 VA L1 INT32
300027 001Ah 2 VA L2 INT32 Value weight: VA*10
300029 001Ch 2 VA L3 INT32
300031 001Eh 2 VAR L1 INT32
300033 0020h 2 VAR L2 INT32 Value weight: var*10
300035 0022h 2 VAR L3 INT32
300037 0024h 2 V L-N ∑ INT32
Value weight: Volt*10
300039 0026h 2 V L-L ∑ INT32
300041 0028h 2 W ∑ INT32 Value weight: Watt*10
300043 002Ah 2 VA ∑ INT32 Value weight: VA*10
300045 002Ch 2 VAR ∑ INT32 Value weight: var*10
300047 002Eh 1 PF L1 INT16 Negative values correspond to
300048 002Fh 1 PF L2 INT16 lead(C), positive value correspond
300049 0030h 1 PF L3 INT16 to lag(L)
Value weight: PF*1000
300050 0031h 1 PF ∑ INT16
The value –1 corresponds to L1-L3-
L2 sequence, the value 0
corresponds to L1-L2-L3 sequence.
300051 0032h 1 Phase sequence INT16
The phase sequence value is
meaningful only in a 3-phase
system
300052 0033h 1 Hz INT16 Value weight: Hz*10
300053 0034h 2 KWh(+) TOT INT32 Value weight: kWh*10
300055 0036h 2 Kvarh(+) TOT INT32 Value weight: kvarh*10
2.4 Firmware version and revision code

MODBUS: read only mode with functions code 03 and 04 limited to a word at a time Table 2.4-1
300771 0302h 1 Version code UINT 16 Value=0: Version “A”
300772 0303h 1 Revision code UINT 16 Value=0: Revision “0”
2.5 Programming lock status

300773 0304h 1 Programming lock (trimmer UINT 16 Value=1: programming locked
position in the rear of Value=0: programming unlocked
the display)
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2.6 Carlo Gavazzi Controls identification code

300012 000Bh 1 Carlo Gavazzi Controls UINT 16 Value=57: EM21 AV5 input model
identification code Value=58: EM21 AV6 input model
.
2.7 Programming parameter tables
2.7.1 Password configuration menu
MODBUS: read and write mode Table 2.7-1

304097 1000h 1 PASSWORD UINT 16 Minimum valid value: 0d
Maximum valid value: 999d
2.7.2 “Application” menu

304098 1001h 1 Type of application UINT 16 Value=0: “A” application
Value=1: “B” application
Value=2: “C” application
2.7.3 System configuration menu

304099 1002h 1 Measuring system UINT 16 Value=0: “3Pn”
Value=1: “3P1”
Value=2: “2P”
Value=3: “1P”
Value=4: “3P”
2.7.4 PT and CT configuration menu

304100 1003h 2 Current transformer ratio UINT 32 Value min = 10 (CT=1,0)
Value max = 600000 (CT=60000.0)
304102 1005h 2 Voltage transformer ratio UINT 32 Value min = 10 (VT=1,0)
Value max = 60000 (VT=6000.0)
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2.7.5 Pulse output configuration menu
MODBUS: read read and write mode

304104 1007h 1 Kwh per pulse UINT 16 Value min = 1 (0,01Kwh)
Value max = 999 (9,99KWh)
2.7.6 Serial port configuration menu

304105 1008h 1 RS485 instrument address UINT 16 Value min = 1
Value max = 247
Note: The number of stop bits is fixed to “1” and the parity control is fixed to “none”.
2.7.7 Reset commands
MODBUS: write only mode Table 2.7-12

312289 3000h 1 Reset of all meters UINT 16 Value=1: Command is executed
(KwhTOT and KvarhTOT)
All other values produce no
effects
2.7.8 Note
A default value is not automatically assignes to the parameters when an out-of-range or invalid value is
written.
If an invalid value is assigned to any parameter, the unit could not work properly.
3 REVISIONS
This is the first release of the EM21 communication protocol
10

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EM21

April 7th, 2008

1.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................3

1.2 MODBUS functions

These functions are available on EM21:

1.2.1 Function 03h (Read Holding Registers)

Response frame (correct action)

Response frame (incorrect action)

1.2.2 Function 04h (Read Input Registers)

Response frame (correct action)

Response frame (incorrect action)

1.2.3 Function 06h (Write Single Holding Register)

Response frame (correct action)

Response frame (incorrect action)

1.2.4 Function 08h (Diagnostic with sub-function code 00h)

Response frame (correct action)

Response frame (incorrect action)

1.2.5 Broadcast mode

1.3 Application notes

1.3.1 RS485 general considerations

1.3.2 MODBUS timing

Fig. 1 : 2-wire timing diagram

Timing characteristics of reading function: msec

2.1 Data format representation In Carlo Gavazzi instruments

2.1.1 Geometric representation

a = Exported active power

Fig. 2 : Geometric Representation

2.2 Maximum and minimum electrical values in EM21

2.3 Instantaneous variables and meters

2.4 Firmware version and revision code

2.5 Programming lock status

2.6 Carlo Gavazzi Controls identification code

2.7 Programming parameter tables

2.7.1 Password configuration menu

MODBUS: read and write mode Table 2.7-1

2.7.2 “Application” menu

MODBUS: read and write mode Table 2.7-2

2.7.3 System configuration menu

MODBUS: read and write mode Table 2.7-3

2.7.4 PT and CT configuration menu

MODBUS: read and write mode Table 2.7-4

2.7.5 Pulse output configuration menu

MODBUS: read read and write mode

2.7.6 Serial port configuration menu

MODBUS: read and write mode Table 2.7-5

2.7.7 Reset commands

MODBUS: write only mode Table 2.7-12

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