Computer Network viva question:-

Sure! Here are some practical viva questions related to computer

networks along with short answers:

1. What is a computer network?

- A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices, such as
computers, servers, routers, and switches, that communicate and share resources
with each other.

2. What is the purpose of a network protocol?

- A network protocol is a set of rules and standards that govern the
communication between devices in a network. It ensures reliable and efficient
data transmission.

3. What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN?

- A LAN (Local Area Network) is a network that covers a small geographical area,
such as a home, office, or campus. A WAN (Wide Area Network) covers a larger
area, typically connecting multiple LANs across different locations.

4. What is the role of an IP address in computer networking?

- An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to
each device on a network. It enables devices to communicate and identify each
other on the Internet or within a private network.

5. What is the purpose of a router in a network?

 - A router is a networking device that connects multiple networks together and
forwards data packets between them. It determines the best path for data
transmission and enables devices to communicate across different networks.

6. What is a firewall?
- A firewall is a security device or software that monitors and controls incoming
and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It acts as a
barrier between a trusted internal network and an untrusted external network
(such as the Internet) to protect against unauthorized access and potential
threats.

7. What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented protocol
that provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked data transmission. UDP
(User Datagram Protocol) is a connectionless protocol that offers fast, but
unreliable, data transmission without error-checking or guaranteed
delivery.

8. What is DNS and what is its function?

- DNS (Domain Name System) is a system that translates domain
names (e.g., www.example.com) into IP addresses that computers can
understand. Its main function is to facilitate the resolution of human-
readable domain names to machine-readable IP addresses.

9. What is the purpose of a switch in a network?

- A switch is a networking device that connects multiple devices within a LAN. It
receives data packets and forwards them only to the intended recipient based on
the MAC (Media Access Control) address, improving network efficiency by
reducing unnecessary network traffic.

10. What is the concept of bandwidth in computer networking?

- Bandwidth refers to the maximum amount of data that can be
transmitted over a network or a communication channel in a given period
of time. It is typically measured in bits per second (bps) and determines the
speed and capacity of data transmission.

Remember that these are short answers, and you can expand on them or provide
additional details if required during the viva.
Certainly! Here are a few more practical viva questions related to computer
networks:

11. What is the purpose of subnetting in networking?

- Subnetting is the process of dividing a large network into smaller
subnetworks, known as subnets. It helps in optimizing network
performance, improving security, and conserving IP address space.

12. What is the difference between a hub and a switch?

- A hub is a networking device that simply broadcasts incoming data to all
connected devices, while a switch intelligently forwards data to the specific device
it is intended for based on its MAC address, making it more efficient and secure.

13. Explain the concept of NAT (Network Address Translation).

 - NAT is a technique used to translate private IP addresses used within a local
network to a public IP address that can be used on the Internet. It enables
multiple devices in a private network to share a single public IP address.

14. What is the purpose of DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol)?
- DHCP is a network protocol that dynamically assigns IP addresses and other
network configuration parameters, such as subnet mask, default gateway, and
DNS servers, to devices on a network. It simplifies the process of network
configuration and management.

15. What is a VPN (Virtual Private Network) and why is it used?

- A VPN is a secure private network that allows users to access and transmit data
over a public network, such as the Internet, as if they were directly connected to a
private network. It is used to enhance security and privacy, especially when
accessing sensitive information remotely.

16. Explain the concept of port forwarding.

- Port forwarding is a technique that allows inbound network traffic on a specific
port of a router or firewall to be redirected to a specific device or server on a
private network. It enables external access to services hosted within the network,
such as web servers or remote desktop applications.

17. What is a MAC address?

- A MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique identifier assigned to the
network interface card (NIC) of a device. It is a 48-bit (or 64-bit) address and is
typically represented as a sequence of six (or eight) hexadecimal numbers
separated by colons or hyphens.
18. What is the purpose of ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)?
- ARP is a protocol used to resolve an IP address to its corresponding MAC
address on a local network. It enables devices to communicate with each other
using MAC addresses before the IP packet can be transmitted.

19. What is a proxy server and why is it used?

- A proxy server acts as an intermediary between clients and servers,
forwarding client requests and receiving server responses. It can be used
for various purposes, such as improving performance, caching content,
enforcing security policies, or bypassing network restrictions.

20. What is a VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)?

- A VLAN is a logical segmentation of a physical network into multiple
virtual networks. It allows devices in different VLANs to be logically grouped
together, even if they are physically connected to the same network
infrastructure, providing enhanced security, manageability, and flexibility.

These questions cover various aspects of computer networking and

should help you prepare for a practical viva on the subject.