Al 1 2 21 fter completing this chapter you should be able to represent a mapping by a diagram, by an equation and by a graph understand the terms function, domain and range combine two or more functions to make a composite function know the difference between a ‘one to one’ and ’many to one’ function know how to find the inverse of a function know the relationship between the graph of a function and its inverse. A mapping transforms one set of numbers into a different set of numbers. The ‘mapping can be described in words or through an algebraic equation. It can also bbe represented by a Cartesian graph. Draw mapping diagrams and graphs for the following operations: a ‘add 3° on the set {~3 46,3) ‘square’ on the set [=1, 1, Mapping diagram sera san Ca o Graph et DE nos bal 6} 4 “a Fae es et)A function is a special such mapped to exactly one element of set B (the rangi ILA good way to remember this is GO ED GD one-to-one ‘many.to-one not a function function fhinction You can write functions in two different ways: ee fiq)= 2x41 OR f:x32e+1 ‘double and add 1. Given that the function g(x) = 2x? + 3, find: a the value of g(2) b the value of a such that g(a) = 35 © the range of the function.Range of a(x) le a(x) Which of the following mappings represent functions? Give reasons for your answers. a b ¥|____ one-to-one because every element |____ of the range comes exactly from one | EG On the sketch of y = tyou can see that x =O does not get mapped anywhere. Therefore not all elements __of set A get mapped to elements in B ale eerie rer Aime histietatinetionee ietallecta |___many-to-one function because two SE a State whether or not the following graphs represent functions. Give reasons for your answers and describe the oe of function, a y * CFind the range of the following functions: a fix) = 3x — 2, domain [x = 1, 2, 3, 4) b g&)=x%, domain @ ER, —S=x<5) © hi domain {rE 2, 0<2<3) x State if the functions are one-to-one or many-to-one, Range of (2) lo 0 < a(n) $25. Ct) is many-ta-one | 1 weRo #1, by changing the subject of the Rearrange to make 2 the subject af the formula Define (2 in terms of Check to see that at least one element works. Try 4 Note that (a) = 4 Change subject of formula (3) isa U-shaped quadkatc with minimum point (0, 3). The range of the function is fa) = -3 \ The domain of the inverse function has the same vals, First sketch 0), ‘Then reflect fx) inthe line y = 21) For the following functions f(x), sketch the graphs of f(x) and f(x) on the same set of axes. Determine also the equation of f(x). ara ken) ie) ~2 wen Lpemxeo Ai -dseen) © fx) 0) is not identical to its inverse. For the following functions gi), sketch the graphs of g(x) and g~%z) on the same set of axes. Determine the equation of g7"G), taking care with its domain. a gay- i eRe 3) b git) 2r-1 ER x=0) @ gx) = Vr —-3 WER, t= 7} f gu)=x'-8 eR, xed}‘The functions f and g are defined by {2x41 fee Ry 3 grog ken seh Find in its simplest form fa the inverse function 1 bythe composite function gf stating its domatn ¢ the values of x for which 2f{x) = g(x), giving your answers to 3 decimal places, The function f(x) is defined by i rel "lyn ot ‘a Sketch the graph of f(x) for -2<2 <6, Db Find the values of x for which ft The function f is defined by +3 fxs beR,x> 1] x a Find (0, b Find i the range of fe) ii the domain of "2. [) The functions {and gare defined by fro 5 wen ee2) ext rene HO) 2a Find an expression for "a, 1b Write down the range of fe), € Calculate gi(1.5). 4 Use algebra to find the values of for which g(x) =f) +4. 9) The functions { and g are given by sh renzo) fxs: ee gx? wemsr>o 1 a Show that i) -—— ie) (x— 1+ 1) bb Find the range of fs). € Solve gf) =70