Volume 8, Issue 7, July – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

A Comparative Study of Ego Strength and Anxiety

between Government and Private School Students of
Ranchi Town
Ashok Malhotra1* Dr. Sushmita Kumari2
1 2
Ph.D. Research Scholar University Guest Lecturer, J.J College Jhumari Telaiya,
Department of Psychology, Ranchi University, Ranchi Koderma, Jharkhand

Surbhi3
3
Ph.D. Research Scholar University
Department of Psychology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag

Abstract:- The main purpose of this research was to find Anunder standing of the concept of ego strength
out the mean difference of Ego Strength and Anxiety depend son anunder standing of theeg of unctions because,
between Government and Private school students. The “We are used to judging the strength of the ego on the basis
total of 160 school students belonging to Government of its behavior intypical situations (Hartmann, 1964).” Ego
and Private school, were taken. The research tool for ego strength, according to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic
strength was measured by Hasan's ego strength scale, theory of personality, is the ego's capacity to successfully
and a tool for anxiety was made by Durganand Sinha. t- deal with the demands of the Id, the superego, and reality.
test was applied to check the significant differences of People with weak egos could feel conflicted by these
ego strength and anxiety between Government and conflicting expectations, while people with strong egos
Private school students. To check the relationship might become excessively inflexible and uncompromising.
between ego strength and anxiety, thePearson Ego strength aids in emotional stability and stress
correlation method is used. The study revealed that there management both internally and externally. The id, the Ego,
was a significant difference between Government and and the Super-ego are the three components that make up
Private school students in ego strength and anxiety. The personality, according to Sigmund Freud. The Id is the only
positive correlation between ego strength and anxiety aspect of personality that is present from birth and is
among school students. composed of all fundamental wants and desires.

Keywords:- Egostrengthandanxiety According to Erikson (1964), ego strength refers to the

attributes that "human beings steer themselves and others
I. INTRODUCTION through life." Strengths were identified as the results of
effective stage resolves in Erikson's psychosocial stage
In Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of theory (Erikson 1964). The frequency of participation in
personality, ego strength is the ability of the ego to deal religious activities and the degree of importance respondents
effectively with the demands of the Id, the superego and accorded to religion are two components of faith
reality. Those with little ego strength may feel torn between development.
these competing demands while those with too much ego
strength can become too unyielding and rigid. Ego strength Understudied elements of Erikson's more
helps us maintain emotional stability and cope with internal comprehensive psychosocial theory of human development
and external stress. According to Freud, personality is are the ego strengths. The lack of scientific discussion on
composed of three elements: the id, the Ego and the Super this subject is notable since, in theory, ego strengths should
ego. The Id is made up of all the primal urges and desires show that psychological stage conflicts have been
and is the only part of personality present at birth. The successfully resolved. Competence arises from industry as
super-ego is the part of personality that is composed of the opposed to inferiority during latency; fidelity arises from
internalized standards and rules that we acquire from our identity as opposed to identity confusion in adolescence;
parents and society. It is the part of personality that love arises from intimacy as opposed to isolation in young
pressures people to behave morally. Finally, the ego is the adulthood; care arises from generativist as opposed to
component of personality that mediates between the stagnation in middle adulthood; and wisdom arises from
demands of reality, the urges of the id and the idealistic, but integrity as opposed to despair in later adulthood. The ego
often unrealistic, standards of the super-ego. strengths are believed to be sequential, invariant, and
hierarchical, just as the psychological stages.

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Volume 8, Issue 7, July – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
In the dynamics of human behaviour, anxiety holds a suffering from high anxiety. More boys were anxious than
central place since it is a typical response to frustration. girls. Adolescents from Bengali medium schools were more
Since worry is one of the most distressing psychic states that anxious than adolescents from English medium schools. She
the human organism must deal with, it need some form of pherdand Edelman. (2009), The interrelationship of social
adjustment that will provide relief. Human adjustment is anxiety with anxiety, depression, locus of control, ways of
heavily influenced by strategies for reducing or avoiding coping and ego strength amongst university students.
anxiety. Anxiety is the catalyst for a great deal of the Therewere high scores of social anxiety which were related
ensuing modifications, emerging from a variety of to high scores on measures of anxiety anddepression, low
frustrating circumstances. ego strength, external locus of control and emotion coping
rather than problemfocusedcoping.
In terms of behaviour, Sarason (1980) defined anxiety
as a learnt or inherited response to a perceived hazardous  Objectives
input. According to Benjamin (1987), anxiety can interfere Themain objectives of study were as under
with focus, learning, and testing. It is not a novel notion that
a student's capacity to demonstrate what they have learnt  To study the mean scores of Ego-strength of Government
may be affected by their level of fear. Additionally, anxiety and Private school students.
can affect learning because nervous students find it harder to  To study the mean scores of Anxiety of Government and
focus on important elements and are more likely to be Private school students.
sidetracked by unimportant or incidental components of the  To study the correlation between Ego-strength and
work at hand. Anxiety of school students.

Anxiety is characterized as mental suffering related to  Hypotheses

an impending setback. In this respect, it should be separated
from the aggressive or fearful reactions to danger or the  There is no significant difference in mean scores of Ego-
immediate response to dissatisfaction itself. Whatever the strength of Government and Private school students.
source of the frustration, it is understood to be hazardous  There is no significant difference in mean scores of
since it will either create suffering or cause loss. Anxiety of Government and Private school students.
 There is no significant correlation between Ego-strength
The degree to which the person is personally exposed and Anxiety of school students.
to the threat also influences how anxious they are. While
anxiety is always there, it is not as strong as it is when the II. METHOD
person's life or safety is in danger. Examples of expected
dangers include being bitten by a bug, having a cat scratch Participants according to the purpose of present study
one's skin, or losing one's hat on a windy day. In this case as total 160 sample has been selected. There
well, the hazard that raises the most concern may not even were80Government and 80Private school students were
be one that poses a threat to physical safety. When a person taken as a sample from different school inRanchi town.
feels that his or her existence in the group or personal
sufficiency is in danger, they experience the most intense  Researchdesign
worry. Types of anxiety disorders: -Generalized anxiety The aim of present study was to a study of ego strength
disorders, Panic disorders, Phobias, Obsessive-compulsive and anxiety among Government and Private school students.
disorders, Post-traumatic stress disorders, and For these total 160 Government and Private school students
Understanding anxiety disorders. were taken as a sample. Quasi experimental design was
used.To check difference between independent groupt-test
Nadeem and et al. (2012), Impact of Anxiety on was used and to study the significance correlation, Pearson
Academic Achievement of University Students with Diverse correlation method was used.
Mental Capabilities in Bahawalpur (Southern Punjab),
Pakistan. The findings demonstrate that both male and  Tools
female pupils' academic achievement declines when anxiety For this purpose, the following test tools were
levels rise. The data show that anxiety affects female considered with theirreli ability, validity and objectivity
students more than male students, which is notable.Worden mentioned in their espective menus in present studytwo
and Sobel (2012). Ego strength and psychosocial adaptation inventories isused.
to cancer patient.Results showed that psychosocial
adaptation to cancer was related to a patient‟s ego strength.  Hasan’s Ego-Strength Scale:
As correlated positively with apatient‟ use of effective Ego- strength Scale Indian adaptation of Barron’s Ego
coping strategies. Strength Scale by Q. Hasan (1974) was used to measure
ego-strength of the sample of present research. The ego-
Chatterjee and Walsh(2010). Anxiety among high strength comprised of 32 items with the two alternative
school students in India: Comparisons across gender, school response categories. The frequency of negative responses on
type, social strata and perceptions of quality time with the ego-strength scale indicates the degree of the Ego
parents. Results show that anxiety was prevalent in the strength. The odd even reliability of the adopted scale is
sample with 20.1% of boys and 17.9% of girls found to be found to be 0.78 (corrected). The test retest reliabilities of

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Volume 8, Issue 7, July – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
the adopted scale were found to be 0.86 and 0.82  Procedure:
respectively. The validity this scale was also found to be According to purpose of present study for data
highly satisfactory. The analysis of the data was made by t- collection the investigator explained the purpose the study to
test. the subjects for these total 80Government and 80Private
school students were taken as a sample from different part
 Sinha’s Anxiety Scale: of Ranchi (Jharkhand). Testing was done personally with
Sinha Anxiety Scale11: It is also a self-administered Government and Private school students. The whole
test consisting of 100 Yes/ No statements. The possible procedure of fill the inventory was explained tot hem fully
score ranges from 0-100. The total score is indicative of and clearly. The instructions given on questionnaire were
anxiety measure of the subject. High scores indicate high explained to them. It was also made clear to them that these
level of anxiety. The split half reliability has been found to scores would be kept secret. It was checked that none of the
be 0.92 and validity 0.72 with Taylor’s scale. participants left any questions unanswered or that no
participants encircled both the answer given against
questions

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The main objectives of present study were to study the mean scores of Ego-strength of Government and Private school
students and to study the mean scores of Anxiety of Government and Private school students” In it statistical t-test method is used.
To check correlation between ego strength and anxiety Karl Persian „r‟ method is used. Result discussion of present study is as
under the following tables and figures

Table 1 School-wise M, SD, n and t-value of Ego-strength among school students

Location n Mean SD df Mean difference t-value
Government 80 8.36 3.01
98 3.5 3.95**
Private 80 11.86 4.28
**= significant at 0.01 level

Fig 1 Mean Score of Ego-Strength Among Government and Private School Students

The table-1 indicates that the mean score of ego Shepherd and Edelman (2009) provided evidence for
strength in government students are 8.36 and private their research findings, conducting a study in the High levels
students are11.86.The standard deviations for both of social anxiety were associated with high levels of anxiety
government and private studentsare3.01and4.28respectively. and depression, with low levels of ego strength, an external
The difference between the set womeansissigni ficantat locus of control, and emotion-focused coping as opposed to
0.01 level of confidence as the value of t-test is 3.95. problem-focused coping. The outcome matched the current
Findings shown that Private school students are more study. Therefore, we can conclude that the findings
affected by ego strength in comparison to Government presented here are supported by Shepherd and Edelman
students. Private school students find themselves under (2009) and Worden and Sobel's (2012) study.
more ego strength because of their multiple roles and
regulations. So the first hypothesis is rejected.

Table 2 School-Wise M, SD, N and T-Value of Anxiety Among School Students

Location n Mean SD df Mean difference t-value
Government 80 34.18 8.44
98 5.67 3.01**
Private 80 39.85 10.64
**= significant at 0.01 level

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Volume 8, Issue 7, July – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165

Fig 2Mean Score of Anxiety Among Government and Private School Students

Table 2 indicates that the mean scores of anxiety in IV. CONCLUSION

Government and Private school students are 34.18 and
39.85, and the standard deviations for both Government and There were significant differences between the mean
Private school students are 8.44 and 10.64, respectively. The scores of the two groups on ego strength and anxiety.
difference between these two means is significant at the 0.01 Private school students are more affected by ego strength
level of confidence, as the value of the t-test is 3.01. A and anxiety in comparison to government students. It is not
perusal of that reveals a significant difference between the surprising because, in our culture, society renders more care,
anxieties of the two groups. In this study, Private school protection, and support to private school students. The
students scored higher on anxiety in comparison to their correlation between ego strength and anxiety is 0.61, which
Government school counterparts. It is not surprising is a positive correlation.
because, in our culture, society gives more freedom and
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ISSN No:-2456-2165
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