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CHE 251 Assignment 3

The document contains 5 assignments related to chemical process calculations. Assignment 1 involves calculating flow rates and percentages for a condenser process separating hexane and nitrogen. Assignment 2 involves calculating amounts and fractions for an orange juice concentration process. Assignment 3 involves drawing a flowchart and calculating rates and compositions for a soybean oil extraction process. Assignment 4 involves drawing a flowchart and calculating percentages for a multi-column benzene, toluene, and xylene separation process. Assignment 5 involves calculating molar flow rates for a CS2 absorption process using benzene. Students are to submit their solutions by 3pm on March 22nd.

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Appah Ernest Opoku
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92 views2 pages

CHE 251 Assignment 3

The document contains 5 assignments related to chemical process calculations. Assignment 1 involves calculating flow rates and percentages for a condenser process separating hexane and nitrogen. Assignment 2 involves calculating amounts and fractions for an orange juice concentration process. Assignment 3 involves drawing a flowchart and calculating rates and compositions for a soybean oil extraction process. Assignment 4 involves drawing a flowchart and calculating percentages for a multi-column benzene, toluene, and xylene separation process. Assignment 5 involves calculating molar flow rates for a CS2 absorption process using benzene. Students are to submit their solutions by 3pm on March 22nd.

Uploaded by

Appah Ernest Opoku
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHE 251: Chemical Process Calculations I

Assignment 3
1. A gas stream contains 18.0 mol% hexane, and the remainder nitrogen. The stream flows to
a condenser, where its temperature is reduced and some of the hexane is liquefied. The
hexane mole fraction in the gas stream leaving the condenser is 0.0500. Liquid hexane
condensate is recovered at a rate of 1.50L/min.
N2 N2
C6H14, 18.0 mole% C6H14, 5.00 mole%
Condenser

C6H14, 1.50 L/min


(Liquid condensate)

a. What is the flow rate of the gas stream leaving the condenser?
b. What percentage of hexane entering the condenser is recovered as a liquid?

2. Fresh orange juice contains 12.0 wt% solids and the balance water, and concentrated
orange juice contains 42.0 wt% solids. Initially, a single evaporation process was used for
the concentration, but volatile constituents of the juice escaped with the water, leaving the
concentrate with a flat taste. The current process overcomes this problem by bypassing the
evaporator with a fraction of the fresh juice. The juice that enters the evaporator is
concentrated to 58.0 wt% solids, and the evaporator product stream is mixed with the
bypassed fresh juice to achieve the desired final concentration.
a. Draw and label a flowchart of this process, neglecting the vaporization of everything
in the juice but water.
b. Calculate the amount of product produced per 100kg fresh juice fed to the process and
the fraction of the feed that bypassed the evaporator.
c. Most of the volatile ingredients that provide the taste of the concentrate are contained
in the fresh juice that bypassed the evaporator. A chemical engineer intern at one of
such food processing industry proposed that more of the ingredients in the final product
could be obtained by evaporating the juice to about 90% solids instead of 56%, and
then bypassing a greater fraction of the fresh juice, thereby obtaining an even better
tasting product. Suggest possible drawbacks to this proposal.

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3. In the production of soybean oil, dried and flaked soybeans are brought into contact with a solvent
(often hexane) that extracts the oil and leaves behind the residual solids and a small amount of oil.
(a) Draw a flowchart of the process, labeling the two feed streams (beans and solvent) and the
leaving streams (solids and extract).
(b) The soybeans contain 18.5 wt% oil and the remainder insoluble solids, and the hexane is fed at
a rate corresponding to 2.0 kg hexane per kg beans. The residual solids leaving the extraction unit
contain 35.0 wt% hexane, all of the non-oil solids that entered with the beans, and 1.0% of the oil
that entered with the beans. For a feed rate of 1000 kg/h of dried flaked soybeans, calculate the
mass flow rates of the extract and residual solids, and the composition of the extract.
(c) The product soybean oil must now be separated from the extract. Sketch a flowchart with two
units, the extraction unit from Parts (a) and (b) and the unit separating soybean oil from hexane.
Propose a use for the recovered hexane.

4. A liquid mixture containing 30.0 mole% benzene (B), 25.0% toluene (T), and the balance xylene
(X) is fed to a distillation column. The bottoms product contains 98.0 mole% X and no B, and
96.0% of the X in the feed is recovered in this stream. The overhead product is fed to a second
column. The overhead product from the second column contains 97.0% of the B in the feed to this
column. The composition of this stream is 94.0 mole% B and the balance T.
(a) Draw and label a flowchart of this process and do the degree-of-freedom analysis to prove that
for an assumed basis of calculation, molar flow rates and compositions of all process streams can
be calculated from the given information. Write in order the equations you would solve to calculate
unknown process variables. In each equation (or pair of simultaneous equations), circle the
variable(s) for which you would solve. Do not do the calculations.
(b) Calculate (i) the percentage of the benzene in the process feed (i.e., the feed to the first column)
that emerges in the overhead product from the second column and (ii) the percentage of toluene in
the process feed that emerges in the bottom product from the second column.

5. A gaseous mixture consisting of 16mole% CS2, and 84mole% air is fed to an absorption
column at a rate of 2064kg/h, where most of the CS2 are absorbed by liquid benzene fed to
the top of the column. 1% of the benzene fed to the column is evaporated and the exit gas
stream consists of 96 mole% air, 2 mole% CS2 and 2 mole% benzene. The product liquid
consists of benzene and CS2. Calculate the molar flow rates of the exit gas stream, exit
liquid stream and the input liquid stream.

Submission: 22nd March, Wednesday


Time: Latest by 3pm.
To be submitted by the Class Reps. Page 2 of 2

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