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Hydrogen

Hydrogen Technology

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42 views26 pages

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Technology

Uploaded by

Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Hide al Teckwelogy it Teme, of Sun = S494 Uz ; . Nay. wdvation oudside Solar Comstent = 1364 W/an?, [ CAl-meseh ove CoG) Gaity — loo-hs Cog aa 3 Sov. Coy Chy Bork Coy Ha Ons. Coy + Suntheltc materas Gor ( SNGr)- Methenadion, Clg > %24 Hy = 3-4 bile sad wind/py —— Elecdwhin's a (r Che) rdsu] NH ethomedtbv] — ger net Coy sure e — Lost 4ait Co, ay Che ee AK = -253 uy Steanderd Ax295-4 KI /yol ame extratrey oF 2 1185.2 nen AK lés wg Grrusem ne Co a Hy t 29, Ee + Difference of the exthoirt of veachion Chore? heat veleared cluving dhe veocdton) befween beth weachey tuations Ane euthatPy of Veporizadion of Petov (Ly aa = % u/ ) fone Hethanaton = 028 = aay: Feo. 114 3,2 229.15 Heed fore Cee nn eee ‘Scanned with CamScanner * CO, Source 2 + Co, - Capture vn Genvertionar Power Plant Precesrer, * Co, From trdurdial Precene 2g: -Sdeat Production (blert furnoce Auer) 28° Fog + Coy Fe 4 co, = Comers tndusbytd Crime burning) Caco, -) Caot Coy © Co, From biogas Plawts Cor From aiy Caty scrubbing) =only 400 Pm Coos.) Comtort of Co rn aly. » Entaley CH H= U4PV P= Prermure a Vz Volure, interna emeryy Hum} = J CJoute). + Molar enthalpy Ch) hot ~" number of Substance Cmor) unl f Sng » & . sathalpy ef & Chemical Seachion Cue) Is a difference of tre emthaiPy ok Product & veotlantr. Hp - y - . Ps Preducd 5 > Hy ea Frames Uist. Producti: H ae AH, + Co, > CH, + 240, ‘Scanned with CamScanner *Mogey eninolty of Chemicas Teachon Che] VS VetGereace of olay emthalpy of the Produck & veaclante, he > Vie MATa e - Vy hyeactants, le Yaaaeres Keactan + Producty i Lu, + Co, > CHy + 242% Gq hes thy, # 2He - Carhy, tf he), © Nelar emthaler of formation C hy] define ay the molar tmthaley release (ov Gnsume ) Comfound from the eClomettr fo Produce @ Chemical Ffoon ete: C+ 0, —» Co, hp 393.5 KI wmo} + Molay emtholey of formatron he of Ce fy - 393.5 ‘ + C&O, ts 0 ‘ , ' » Negative Sign (ndeate wcleare of heat * Holay orthalhi of Combusion. (" he} of veuch on fou Combustion Process the omelay cuthalry py usvony recfemved Fe ay ThE rmolay ontholPi of Combyrow he 2 Dd ic omthalPa veteosed clung the Combushoy of o tuel eg. CHa, chy Ffemete: HpAto, — Hye (tia) hes -2956 “Sone ‘Scanned with CamScanner * Hess's law, The wwlar enthalpy of Seachon he ts (ndePevdert From +he “action fath- EfermPle: — Fuvmedion of COp, bp rhe 2-373 Tony teachkoM Path C4 0, —) Co, 2, %eachon Poth c4+Lo, — co hee -'l z { hype 343 el, , Co fal o> hae dee ml, + En thatey Gb Gmbustion of hidwgen Higher heoting Value- HAY lower heating blue hv 'The helt Energy veleare duwng dhe complet ¢ Combustron of hxdwog en Ao \Waurd| weber ry | Foseour —— a Ha tL o —) Ma o Ciiqutay Hy to, 3 Helsor) he — 2063 mop he = - 201.83 “T/mon, The difference he 265.%3 —24t.¥3 = U4 U/any is Fhe molar emthalPt oF eUaPoredion. of Wat ey ‘Scanned with CamScanner ° Obbs Free energt CG ’ G&= H-TS T=demp, ! Sz Q@ndvopy. Onthal PY Unity of C= J C Jove). I Smal Chomy ¢ dq: du- dts) dG =dh- tds - S47 TE Temp, js Conse. d= dH - T-ds- Whof is the great inpor-fance of Jibbs [vee energy mn dhe Cuse of electrochemttal wetactions 4 =) The gibbs Free onergy ty the Shave of the whole Enthaley of eaction that Could delivered ax electrical Emory. oR. =) The Chomge in free Jibbr Cmergy sr etval tothe Mmetimum eleclaic wore G SVHem (5 CoPable to clever, AG: dH- Td Drermeit: Hy +b 0, -> Hee Caurd), = 2 Emtaify Chomge> Jibbs Free emevgy Chomge + Hetect OW= -265.63 Je = -23413 —4e4 C Hav). ‘Scanned with CamScanner Pavol of hbr Stotemen. AU= £Q4 SW = §Q -Rivt S$ We Enthal py Cu) H- O+FPV H= dud pduv4 vd d= SQ #Velp +8§-Wei Endav ey C5) d= SQxeu pill AG = § We + Ude- SAT fos pat On. [ue 6 [sq wer + Mostimum ‘eversible Cell Voltage. Ce) E _ Bo Eo sYevernible Cel Vettes e vu om. F be = ditf, of gibbr emeryy z = Ferader's On. Clet N= Gmount of Substemee TEL Z = Cleclwn Pex molecule ~ C= electron Chovgt e Ng = avoyadwr Gonrdat Yoni, ‘Scanned with CamScanner Eerie. Fuel cell Seuctroy Hitto, —> Hye Es oo Me 26E Gibbs Free onangy pow moi O8% 2g = -239,, KF n 2 ky, Eo = i: ir alias Sta? 3ny, 21% 16UuG5 Snot Sm fuel cei a fh they E> J A Pf thn E57 * Themmodinarinr't e ffrcremey C7) MA = Magnum “Elect feat oMergy oweleared thalPt{ of weachon, “My, = S46 . SH>TAr AH AH “MU = 1- TAs th Du Ny = Es a ABT meee SOuds a ea, h — 16s. ey ‘Scanned with CamScanner Mee S32 ES a is rere ls . eae ZFEy Ze Pee fy = TE ae ledeu, Ee 2x VUE for fuel cel Nn: L238 - 6.%3 Lae 0 Thermnednamit effete — Comtanisitn to heat eying. Mar, efhy of heot evgime rs limited bY Cornet factor. = Uae — Ta Comme jd et Tree Comnot © Elficiowy of fuel-cou - Pe W r. Chom, "Uy > Ne, ‘Scanned with CamScanner . sg j © Efficictor of futt-cell im -lovmef Voltage A = Vee = foel-ce Uettege cen es Ey => thermonestia) Vv iteye Efermole: fox real Cel effy of Ibax and 2c". cet "O83 og = 56n ras & Fawaday — effircyeney Cre) = fuel adilisadion Co-efhcrent: Fuel udticedya) Co-effie'end = Gmount of fuel seacded i Cell Gmount of fuel Fed mm Cem, fowadons effictoe y= Dee FT Fawad ae ere oe nzr dk dt N= Ground of Subslance Z= Cleelwn Pew mol Fe OM q = fared: Cons) . -) beter x10'4 x 3 Goze vie TEUeS Hney TF Peover feos See ¢ Dpane Fuel Passes thveugh membene Cfrom ancde +. Cothed ) Gnd js Cotalydtcchy Combusded 2. fuel vs mes sscocling G4 the Gnode, and Passer the fue! Cen te Hee oder ‘Scanned with CamScanner @ Real cell) ebficioscy Ci pen) the ceil efficiern mand qe fareder eft) ne ce We Cum Calostate overran fuel cell eFFi Nee? Ce Me cen > System tlic ere (%,,.) amen unis zi sus © Fenem, ° Fue in Fuel-cen: Piss “CHS OH CHethosor) - Co (casbon Monoyide) © Oxidant aged in Fuel. celle. - 0, - aie = Ho, (Hidnget Pewxtde) © Fuel-cett Patmarle of PEN + ) (+) Anode Cathed e Hy faa] |= Aw MEA (Kembrame elechede \~ Astembly) , } Cleclrotzte ‘Scanned with CamScanner oc. o Wheat co Anole cod GHede ta fuel-cell 9 Caray Amode rx where Gyidehon ty (He Where & ave aeleosed) Cobtode ic there eyeducham tr Che Where & axe bkew ve), \ \ PENFe | PEN-Elechelirer | Alicaline- Elechsheen \ ec) J @ ay ih ne " us ‘ © Anite Cobtede Comode Anode ; Catwede | | Gnole = = aed =. ah, aoe 1 oie \| ror | Rr | a | ) \ | Hho i — | L Ho : Ho ae ~~ ee ei he ee im FC oridelion (elechon rvetease) Joler Plece om fuel wae. The arode iy hove nejahve Cowtect. "Tu Elecholreer, oridelion (elechon seleose) Jeter Place om the ees Oniger side. The Geode i here — Pevidive Coleels —_— — © Classificclion of Fuel-cetls. by Elecholite. Las sovvd, » Ape + Polamen fuel cen PEM Sari + DNFC Pnec Sorc, ‘Scanned with CamScanner + Alvorne fret cell (ARC | = Amode 2H, sho’ —> Gio 4 OE Codhodes 4t+, 0, 42H,0 —» how OVexarr ¢ 2H, 4 0, — 24,0 Elecholy} [kon], ° PENFE t- 4 - Amo de H, — 2h 4 ve Co Hode- ae +10, s2n —> hyo OVeront 3. — hits — hho. © PEN - Electolizes 3- Mnsde> yo —> 2h + Be toy Codbode: gaze — Wo Vina)» ON Wyo > H+ dey, eRerbrone Made ue of Very dyn fleyible rr PRESTR. <'e fhiclnesr vr O.0r nom (sour), ‘Scanned with CamScanner Chonoclerisick of PEN-FC: Eye Nex, Reversible Volaye = 1.28V VcHloge , GO On oh 86 oe fd te Ge Corners dens (AY oy? ) + Faun which Nolentor Ges citation Naxee mode “of + Powvr Crbon © Aayaltitin 13 SS Newbee, Ges Ayes eter > oe © Bitolar Plates $- eth re weode wh From Fate y Conductive flostic, Slainler shel Posehn Conidvelive- te Posr fhe iGarvoil do He neyd Cell, ee —i hes Pew per ao 1) Ponolled 2) Serpentine 5) Porelle] Ses Porting 4) aid. a ae ‘Scanned with CamScanner a Guerion bt, Poof Ubrel fichn ——— ee V). Name alleord 3 Possible Fuelr for a fuel cell. *hy * Noduwal Jos * CHOW Crmednanery Bregas + ch, + Covbon 2) Which gases Can be used as ovident in the fuel cel, © 0p say + Hon, 3) Name cleart 3 advorteses of fuel ce ar en energy Convecter, + efhiciowy is high + Enviwonmed foredty «Vo Cwoling Geder required. olhis quile Pm oferadhion, + Requived leer stace. + Gon be used im Combinohon with EV& CHP. 4) 4) Funchon of Bi-toler Plote. b) Which wnatenar con -Hhe bipolar Plele few PENFC anode off C) Whed io fowchon of tees field a) (Groveny) Fowchon: conducive de forr ‘ehckooe Je he west ell BY mode (wom: quaphite, Sletwler Steely Conductive plorhe, ¢ * Pew lreld funelon ? [lis used Jo Paevide Gdeauate amoun4 of the escachunts CH, and 0) to the Ges clitfsren layer Gd Glalys} Susfore while sraimiemizin 9 Presuwe clvep, ‘Scanned with CamScanner Wa S)asG) onnoshichisyde of Fe is Fuel aleowr supetieds b) How meosure the velloge a) a fuel Cell, On chsh Side fs the megadive Contocd a) fnode b) Armede, 6) Whot doer the MEA CRembrowe Elechode Arcewbl) of a Fe Consist Of © Shedch the Sdaucteve and meme of Famedron of Fhe individual Compow ets + Dmode, Eleclohte , Cothode, Anode (node —l) ee Anode: Anode is where O¥uodion over place. In frnvde Eleclwns axe weleased, Eleckostile: 1 drensfer the fons and Sefexaliny rel gor Gud oridizing Sos Cotrod? Cohede fc Where eseduelion Jaber ploces In Colhede Clechwons Gre oleca-uP. —<—$$ TD ‘Scanned with CamScanner “a a n et ! WD a) What is dnt significance of the difference 1 free exhatry & in -4ne fuel Cell weachion. bi Sevasible Coil Vellege. b) Whol do yo Undewtend if FC ofowded with H,&O4 ©) Whol iF Severyigne cen vollage Mafimum Ppaferdyon thet Chernital Omers4 of fuer Or Con be ured >) Tt specifies dre Theoritico! Com be Converted from the Clecdaical Energy. Furthermore 5 indo Cen Voltage. 4o calolode the reversible b) The -vevenribte cell Voltage Js the Frevsitical Matimemn Pesrible owtnd Vellage of a fuel Cell. C) Revemible Cell Velose is 1425 Ve Polertial of a Fuct cell with thal of a &) Cumtare fhe Sener of cthermodynomit efhicicwor, Converional heat engine fm Hhermodunomic efficiowi = Mat, electricer erogr -veleosed Crthorer of Reaclrn, ‘, > A& . 45 th DH Dh bone @ HAdsegem fael cen 4 A280 I RRO ee gg te ‘mor J Chyyy aa “Re, MN 2 237 Le anata ~ 15-54 Nye The Sinks ‘Scanned with CamScanner Narimum efficiency of heat eupiner is Hmited by Corwnvt factors may at "Th rm Cano} Tyas t= Twin yop Thos linieMins dletr oct apely livee! exergy Conversohey Ta the fuet ces ) ao — Alo, s fuer cen = Coenod (Aye 100) > 2v0 tyvo Gee = SOO Noee = N200 Torr. C'e) A) Whol 6 Har. Heomdrce! efficioney of Meloy fuel cell. Crue fewravta A = Max, Oleclweot onengd “Wlesed 2 49 a” Max aaa Entheiry of Reachoy oh = W238 _ ie 2084 |e v3, ‘Scanned with CamScanner aT famdaus efficicrcs of fuel cent. ici ener OF FO 1S Nerv thon t lo) a) Define b) Name 9 weeson con feandanr ef Wy ee Cuvver + Crmeosured ) of fuel cell = . ee a fevod Crest Accordiny +e ferudoy's Laew b 0 T) Poe Cavers over” fuel Poster Hrogh the Mombran ¢ C fewer Gmode stde to Cu}rede stde) Goad ve Gfotyticol Corn busted, NY Ful cr mot weothiny od The Anvde, Gd Parmer the (act cory te the ousted Vi) Wyk 0p Consumer a Comsdan} 0.00311 meh of bids eu, The ancovured Grvest irr 2 StoA. find Vp emery a re eee fowdey Teg REE 2 FOI ¥ TELE a ogy Ne = Is4 Fe Famudey's Comvlas =deaws As met ‘Scanned with CamScanner cae Koo eee —e ee Thoma wee 2 x44. 62.3 9 ase 3Guve AF aso, | | : \ r ‘ 3) How fe the Sistem effeiett eye of a fuer Cell defined. — SYsdem effieiores (",,) of fuel Cell cesextber the ureful Cleclarcar ouput of a FC syedem in cvelodron to Fuel rmput: “Veye a Pare, an venir Poem VO) A fuctecen sistem Operated With Hy Gensumes @ Constant O.002e1 vrnely hidwgen. AN electrical Guyitarter of Syrtom Coumps, fone...) ae Fed From fre Fuct Celle Pee. = 360W find Mgyg te The WHY (265 MYsqoh) OF bedvogent Was * Pereyan unity 36° { Pet enn Crore x 20010? 2 Oar Nee Fs 4sy- Scanned with CamScanner Is) Why deer a PEN fuel cell Meed to be Cveleds 2 A Comding sistem ts de metntain a uniform demperature for Prwleding the PEN and ensuring long dwsabinidy. Tem Perodur uniformly inride Stacks divecdiy tilfed dre Pewformance and durabiitty of PENFL. (6) Wha doer dhe airy suprtied Lo a PENEC need te be humidr bred 9 © Te moinlain the! enombrme ol bidoled ¢ jase (Guiding Flooding ama daying ) Lo ensure bert Porformence Gs was long -deym sdabinity and life, 19) J PENFC Stock Comsumer a Conslent ow wy of bideger, lel fre Foreday elfrreer be t. How mony Widen of Welew ase obloined Per hour with Complete Condemration of the eseachom Cwoler Paeyend mm Cohourd aie as humidty4 Ne a Tre =l L foned Are =. Famed H.4 10, —y hyo I 2D So Faom eq” une Gen set -thak | mot Hichog em Rowdee 1 mon of Welor, 50 We Con Produce Gpprwtimofely 6,5 hq of woe, ‘Scanned with CamScanner 1) ay gkeleh V-Tdenrity Cine of PENFC. b) plants Joe Valur fox vevemible tet! Vollegeon voltege Gye and Chole She Valucy c) ON Fre Chanacheristice Crrve feos demvitver, label the Portion fred Cam Clecdaical Oneng ty Gnd heat, vesPecdevely, the cfhicienct a different Corres) Converted fo a) discasr the Pnflvece om of Fuel ceil ay Pardvay lead Revewible Cmax.) cell vollege mae oe len nen cat wns Fa \ Heot lor Volleyt OS cy) 06 . 4 oO. 4 Elechricoy On \ Enog 4 Oo Oy 0b Oe yd ty we a Gono dewity ( A Jen) The efficerey of Fuel Cel cd Pasko lead giver higher Value of efhreieret. Gecarve fact cen et ficiency decrease loth Pmevearing Powey otdlput, theix ef freieney Geng Ceomomite Perret Lead ot Flic ewe on | axe enlervelol ed, ‘Scanned with CamScanner (4) Which for axe TPOMIbIE for Ch the cleedwhide pn de) a) Ee fever Pow 4 Phrouy, a) soFc b) Nee ©) PENFe a) AFC re say Oy 0 by Ces? oc) HW d) ow a) fox which fons is in Cewwmic sod elechwolibe of a Wigh- dempenoduve fuel cen Coote): Conductive 4 ne b) cohich Prmfovtont OPereding Condidion ee} fow Thr Conduckorhy the Cenorme sorid elecholude Condule oragen (E°) Tons, + Condition) + The condechvidy of elechokts must be keed as law as Pooible 4o prevent losrese from leackege Corverds, Stecil4 Axpicot oRereding -leme. fox %) Migk-temp Fc (so Fc) b) PENFe ©) AFe. =) Soke 3 Lowe Mcke 4-650 ‘g PEmFce f- €o'c PAFC & Loot AFL & gor ‘Scanned with CamScanner cl cen ouse. ty wolev os elecholy *Nollen Cusbonole facl Cell use anelien Conbonole Said mivlure ar an electwhe } 23) Name 3 Anpes of fuet cell With Sond elecdwly de, + Polymer Elecolidew Membaone (uel cell ure Send Polumer as an elecholy ten + Send oxide fuel cell use hasd, non-Porur Cevame Compounds GS an elecdwlyte 24) Ga) Give e494" at Gnode, Coftale do over) of Arc b) What shoud be Convider cohen Selecting fhe o¥idant fow Are4 Arde? H+ 208 —> aho po Cofmodes +44, + Heo —»> 20n7 0 Vere: Hat to, ae te s WE smust ure pure badwgen ar @ fact ond Pave OMG Con be Ofewoled ar an ortidibing ayeud Scanned with CamScanner sens pp Sie le we Bes prsitenialy se = ther tne? 2c+lo, 4 2h —) H,0 2 Veron H,4 to, — tho. 2 ry 2 26) en which side js Wolev Prdace pn PEN FC.9 Gt Cathode side, 2 2D a) under Which ofecohing Condition iF the of a PEN Fuel Cell Proton Conducdived Mafion) membrane b) How cam Kir OPereding Condition be Fulifiled tar tn a Pemre 4 2%) For Which axea of aptticotron js the sore Predestinated and Why. Fordicwlaaly Scanned with CamScanner of) FC-Velicler — OVerr Combustion engine, 29) Eoplainvclvonlages 1) Higher eff’ eney 2) Envinment fPricidly (4 doesn omit gores Such Gs Co, No, ede, Hy Co, CHa CHhemol, methewol, 8) dWersidy of fuer such os Bio gos. 4) Juite in oferolion so no Noise pollution S) law ainlemance Cos). Combinolion with Elecbre Vehicles Cooling CG) Dh is use also as a A) No

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