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05 Lab Exer 1

This laboratory exercise aims to familiarize students with the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The DFT represents finite-length sequences as sequences in the frequency domain. It is the basis for spectrum analysis and data encoding. The document provides procedures to calculate the DFT of a sample time domain sequence [1,2,3,4] using Scilab software. Key steps include generating values for the DFT equation, calculating the time domain sequence, taking the magnitude response, and plotting the results. The time domain sequence and magnitude response are connected via the Fourier transform, allowing signals to be studied in both the time and frequency domains.

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192 views2 pages

05 Lab Exer 1

This laboratory exercise aims to familiarize students with the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The DFT represents finite-length sequences as sequences in the frequency domain. It is the basis for spectrum analysis and data encoding. The document provides procedures to calculate the DFT of a sample time domain sequence [1,2,3,4] using Scilab software. Key steps include generating values for the DFT equation, calculating the time domain sequence, taking the magnitude response, and plotting the results. The time domain sequence and magnitude response are connected via the Fourier transform, allowing signals to be studied in both the time and frequency domains.

Uploaded by

Kenken kenken
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Laboratory Exercise Encinada, Keish Einstein BSCpE 601

Discrete Fourier Transform


Objectives:

At the end of the exercise, the students should be able to:

 Generate signals in discrete Fourier transform via bode and pole-zero plot.

Software Used:
 Computer unit with installed Scilab 6.1.0 software

Principle:

Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is used for the frequency representation of finite time signals and an alternate form
of the Fourier transform in which the finite length sequences are transformed into other sequences. The DFT, apart from its
importance for the representation of discrete time sequences in the frequency domain, is the basis of many applications of signal
processing, such as spectrum analysis and data encoding.

𝑁−1
where 𝑋(𝜔) is a continuous function of 𝜔 in
𝑋(𝜔) = ∑ 𝑥(𝑛) 𝑒−𝑗𝜔𝑛 the range −𝜋 to 𝜋 or 0 − 2𝜋.
𝑛=0

PROCEDURES:

1. Detemine the DFT values based on the given below.


 𝑥 = [1,2,3,4]
 𝑁=4

2. Use the given values to declare values:


x = [1,2,3,4];
N = 4;

3. Use the following commands to generate the values for 𝑛, 𝑘 and 𝑒 exponential values:
n = 0:N-1;
k = n;
kn = k' * n;
WN = exp(-%i*(2*%pi)/N) W =
WN.^kn

4. Use the following commands to generate the values for the time domain sequence. Write observations on the generated values.

X = W * x'
disp('DFT of the given time domain sequence is', X)
Observation: The primary distinction between manually calculating the DFT and utilizing sci-lab is that the latter assigns value to the
fictitious unit j or i. All of the numbers obtained from solving the time domain sequence have familiar imaginary units.

5. Use the following commands to generate the values for the magnitude response. Write observations on the generated values.

X_mag = abs(X)
disp('Magnitude response', X_mag)

Observation: As I observed, number 4's output value will only reflect the absolute value of the element X, eliminating all fictitious or
values.

What is the relationship of the time domain sequence with the magnitude response in a domain? Explain.
- The time domain sequence and the magnitude response are connected via the Fourier Transform, which
permits the study and manipulation of signals in the time and frequency domains. Discrete-time signals
are subject to the same DFT in the time and frequency domains.
6. Generate signals using the code below. Draw the figure generated.

figure
subplot(311)
plot2d3(n,x)

subplot(312)
plot2d3(k,X_mag)

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