4th edition

Student’s Book Answer Key

5A An emotional roller coaster

1 VOCABULARY more sophisticated emotions

a Suggested answers
1 intense happiness 2 normal sadness 3 intense anger 4 mild fear / anxiety

Vocabulary Bank more sophisticated emotions

1 ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE EMOTIONS

a 1 ✓ 2 pleased 3 ✓ 4 exhilarated 5 upbeat

b (Sts should cross out these words)

1 devastated 2 gutted 3 wistful 4 listless 5 upset

c 1 livid is best (= common collocation with ‘absolutely’); exasperated also possible; cross is
wrong (we only use an extreme adjective after ‘absolutely’)
2 peeved is best (‘a bit’ goes most naturally with ‘mild anger’); indignant also possible; outraged
is wrong (we don’t use ‘a bit’ with an extreme adjective)
3 resentful is best (= feeling angry about sth that you think is unfair); offended also possible; livid
is wrong (we don’t use ‘rather’ with an extreme adjective)
4 frustrated is best (= feeling annoyed and impatient because you cannot do or achieve what you
want); peeved and displeased are wrong (the context suggests a more extreme situation)
5 irate is best (= common collocation with ‘customers’); incensed also possible; cross isn’t a
natural collocation in this context

d 1 panic-stricken (= extremely anxious about sth, in a way that prevents you from thinking
clearly)
2 rattled (= nervous or frightened, SYN unnerved)
3 aghast (= filled with horror and surprise when you see or hear sth)
4 wary (= careful when dealing with sb / sth because you think that there may be a danger or
problem)
5 uneasy (= feeling worried or unhappy about a particular situation, especially because you think
that sth bad or unpleasant may happen or because you are not sure that what you are doing is
right)

2 IDIOMS TO DESCRIBE EMOTIONS

a 2 S 3 H 4 H 5 F 6 S 7 F / S 8 F 9 F 10 A 11 S 12 A 13 F 14 H

b 1 mild 2 intense 3 intense 4 intense 5 intense 6 intense 7 mild 8 intense 9 intense 10

intense 11 intense 12 intense 13 intense 14 intense

2 PRONUNCIATION stress in multi-syllable adjectives

b con|ten|ted de|jec|ted dis|cou|raged ec|sta|tic e|la|ted fru|stra|ted in|dig|nant mis|era|ble
of|fen|ded o|ver|joyed pe|tri|fied re|sent|ful sa|tis|fied
1 The most common pattern is stress on the second syllable.
2 miserable, petrified, and satisfied are stressed on the first syllable; overjoyed is stressed on the
third syllable.

d a|ppre|hen|sive de|va|sta|ted dis|con|cer|ted di|spi|ri|ted ex|as|pe|ra|ted ex|hi|la|ra|ted

in|con|so|la|ble pa|nic-stri|cken

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Student’s Book Answer Key

4 LISTENING taking detailed and accurate notes during a talk

b 1 Anger 2 Boredom 3 Guilt 4 Envy 5 Loneliness 6 Sadness

c 1 Anger can be a force for good

• often confused with frustration
• can be used to do good when it relates to a sense of moral injustice
• important to teach children the difference between feeling angry and being angry
2 Boredom unlocks creativity
• allows us to reflect on how we are now
• famous example = Einstein who discovered the theory of relativity when he was bored /
daydreaming
• neuroscientists believe there is a kind of brain activity that happens when we are not
concentrating, which is important for creativity
3 Guilt motivates us
• can become better people and learn from it if we turn it into a learning experience
• don’t punish yourself about past actions
• instead, try to do better in the future
4 Envy helps us achieve our goals
• two types:
– hostile and corrosive
– similar to admiration
• two ways in which we can use the good type to motivate ourselves:
– focus on ourselves and ask how we can get what other people have
– understand when we can’t have something and focus on an achievable outcome
• best to envy people who have a lot of friends and a sense of community (rather than a lot of
possessions)
5 Loneliness needn’t be painful
• sometimes makes us reach out and connect with people
• better to think of it as ‘solitude’, which is more positive
6 Sadness gives us space
• doctors nowadays often call sadness a medical problem i.e. depression
• this ‘normal’ feeling protects us because when we show our loved ones that we are sad, they
begin to care for us and we begin to recuperate

d 1 a burden:
metaphorical meaning = a duty or responsibility that causes worry
literal meaning = a physical weight
2 label:
metaphorical meaning = describe sb in a particular way, especially unfairly
literal meaning = write a name or a price on sth
3 harnessed:
metaphorical meaning = used the force of sth to achieve sth
literal meaning = when a horse has some straps put on its head and body so that it can be
controlled
4 tease sth apart:
metaphorical meaning = to try to get information or understand a meaning that is hidden or not
clear
literal meaning = pull sth gently apart into separate pieces, e.g. knots in your hair
5 clicks into gear:
metaphorical meaning = suddenly starts working
literal meaning = (of a car) start working efficiently because it’s in the right gear
6 unpick:
metaphorical meaning = try to understand by looking back at what happened before / leading up
to sth

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Student’s Book Answer Key

literal meaning = take out stitches from a piece of sewing or knitting

7 beat yourself up:
metaphorical meaning = blame yourself
literal meaning = hit or kick yourself hard many times. In the literal sense this is most often ‘beat
sb else up’
8 corrosive:
metaphorical meaning = slowly destructive
literal meaning = destroying sth slowly by chemical action
9 reach out:
metaphorical meaning = to ask for help
literal meaning = stretch your hands out to get hold of sth
10 low ebb:
metaphorical meaning = poor state or condition
literal meaning = low tide, when the sea flows away from the land

5 READING & SPEAKING understanding implicit attitudes and opinions

b A 4 Angela Hartnett B 1 Clara Amfo C 2 Henry Marsh D 3 James Haskell

c Who feels or felt stressed…?

1 HM 2 JH 3 CA 4 AH
Who does these things to relieve stress?
5 CA, HM 6 AH 7 CA 8 JH 9 JH 10 AH 11 HM 12 HM, JH

d Possible answers
my skin goes to hell = gets into a very bad state
in a state of mild chronic anxiety = felt nervous or worried for a long time
had been through similar crises = had had similar problems
pump myself up = make yourself feel more excited or determined
wind down = to rest or relax after a period of activity
stop my mind from racing = stop thinking very quickly and hard because you are excited / stressed
out of your hands = no longer your responsibility
spiral out of control = change very quickly and in an uncontrolled way
sleep on it = delay making a decision about sth until the next day, so that you have time to think
about it
what’s bothering you = what’s annoying, worrying, or upsetting you

6 GRAMMAR prepositions and sentence patterns

a 1 at 2 after 3 for 4 on 5 at 6 about 7 through 8 of 9 from 10 to 11 in 12 on 13 about

Grammar Bank 5A

a
1 With, with 2 on, in 3 of, on 4 to, with 5 to, on 6 to, for 7 to, to 8 of, to 9 to, to 10 in, to
11 with, to

b 1 I was on the verge of handing in my resignation, but I had second thoughts.

2 When I missed the bus, I had no alternative but to call a taxi. / When I missed the bus, there was
no alternative but to call a taxi.
3 I’m afraid I must take issue with what you said.
4 Nobody dared argue with the boss for fear of losing their job.
5 I’m in the process of writing my job application.
6 I have no hesitation in recommending her for the post.

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Student’s Book Answer Key

7 We have every intention of celebrating our golden wedding anniversary.

8 He is incapable of understanding how other people feel.

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Student’s Book Answer Key

5B Crossing cultures

1 READING & SPEAKING recognizing attitudes in a factual report

a sb moves into the space directly around where you are standing or sitting

b 2 Hungary 4 Turkey 10 China 26 UK 30 USA 35 Spain 42 Argentina

c Invasions of personal space aren’t just embarrassing – they can make people feel very
uncomfortable or offended.
If people don’t consider how actions can have different meanings in different cultures, they can
easily misinterpret someone else’s behaviour.

f 1 C 2 C 3 SP 4 SP 5 C 6 SP 7 C 8 C 9 SP 10 SP
Brazil was 25.

g 1D 2C 3F 4A 5E 6B

2 GRAMMAR advanced structures for comparing and contrasting

b 1 the fourth 2 the more 3 whereas 4 almost twice 5 Unlike 6 significantly 7 far and away

Grammar Bank 5B

a 1 Unlike 2 As 3 four times 4 half 5 almost 6 fewer

b 1 far and away the best 

it wasn’t as good as that of Natalie’s 
2 A way better than ✓
B a lot less expensive✓
half as much as 
3 easier easily the best festival 
there weren’t so many people as last year ✓
4 the sooner the better ✓
the less least efficient service 
5 A far less than I was last year ✓
B I’m working as a waiter ✓
just as badly paid as yours 
different from unlike / compared to you 

3 PRONUNCIATION contrastive stress

b 1B 2D 3C 4A 5E

c after is stressed because B is making a contrast with next week

d 1 outside, garage 2 highlights, cut 3 she, he 4 bank, supermarket 5 teaching, studying

4 VOCABULARY individuals and populations

a 1 Poland, times of meals
2 Spain, aggressive behaviour in meetings

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Student’s Book Answer Key

3 Argentina, kissing strangers even in a professional context

4 Portugal, dressing smartly on a normal occasion

b 1 Argentinian, Greek, Japanese, Swiss, Thai

2 an Argentinian, a Greek, a Japanese man / woman / person, a Swiss man / woman / person, a
Thai
3 the Argentinians, the Greeks, the Japanese, the Swiss, the Thais

c 1 the Norwegians 2 a Belgian 3 a Pakistani 4 the Vietnamese 5 an Afghan 6 Lebanese 7 the

Peruvians 8 Welsh 9 the Iraqis 10 the Netherlands (Holland)

d person population
a Spaniard the Spanish (more common; Spaniards is also possible)
a Dane the Danes
a Finn the Finns
a Pole the Poles
a Scot the Scots
a Swede the Swedes
a Turk the Turks
a Briton the British

5 LISTENING identifying finer points of detail including implicit attitudes

and relationships between speakers
a Burma is in south-east Asia. It is bordered to the west by Bangladesh and India, to the north by
China, and to the east by Laos and Thailand. Its other name is Myanmar /ˈmjænmɑː/.

c 1C 2E 3B 4A 5F 6D

d 1 S 2 Br 3 Br 4 S 5 Br 6 B 7 S 8 Br 9 S 10 Br 11 B

e 1 Their father’s father was a garage mechanic, and their father’s mother was a waitress. Their
mother’s parents were well-educated Burmese. He doesn’t actually say what they did, but his
grandmother had been active politically and her father was an expert in Burmese music.
2 They were both doctors and, according to family mythology, met in the UK when they were
dissecting the same body.
3 Their mother was really interested in literature, she loved music, and she used to listen to the
cricket. Their father was interested in rugby, pot boilers (= novels written to make money) and
spy stories, and history.
4 Physically, they take after their mother.
5 Bridget wouldn’t describe the family as multicultural because they didn’t speak Burmese.
6 They were often victims of bullying at school because they looked different. South Wales was a
very white region and they suffered a lot of racist comments.
7 Steve says they were a typical middle-class British family – doing what all the other children
were doing.
8 At the time being Welsh meant being born in Wales and being white, so they couldn’t be Welsh,
and as they didn’t speak Burmese, they didn’t feel Burmese.
9 Their mother made interesting dishes with spices like homemade curry. Her cooking was
delicious.
10 Bridget was inspired by the women in her family, who were high achievers.
11 Steve has opened a Burmese café. Bridget is a professor of Migration and Citizenship, and does
research in migration, race, and belonging.

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Student’s Book Answer Key

6 THE CONVERSATION
a 1B 2T 3I

b 1 her experience of living in a different country every three years

2 to choose a school where the children came from lots of different cultures and spoke different
languages
3 the fact that the families in the school come from lots of different cultures
4 something that happened to her in her first grade class at school in Uruguay that Ben's comment
reminded her of
5 the way people tend to be suspicious or afraid of anything that looks different
6 to understand other people and other cultures

d 1 personally
2 for me
3 one, in particular
4 That reminds me of
5 it makes me slightly

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Student’s Book Answer Key

5 Revise and Check

USE OF ENGLISH
a 2 arguably 3 inability 4 overjoyed / joyful 5 contented 6 unhappy 7 miserable 8 depths 9
outraged / enraged 10 distinctions 11 meaningful 12 discouraged

b 2 he’s incapable of not

3 I have a sinking feeling (that)
4 is nowhere near as good as
5 scares the living daylights
6 just as good / bad as hers (is)

READING
1 E 2 B 3 A 4 D 5 B 6 E 7 A 8 C 9 D 10 C

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