LinkedIn Privacy Policy

Effective August 11, 2020

Our Privacy Policy has been updated.

Your Privacy Matters

LinkedIn’s mission is to connect the world’s professionals to allow them to be more
productive and successful. Central to this mission is our commitment to be transparent
about the data we collect about you, how it is used and with whom it is shared.

This Privacy Policy applies when you use our Services (described below). We offer our
users choices about the data we collect, use and share as described in this Privacy
Policy, Cookie Policy, Settings and our Help Center.

Key Terms 

Table of Contents
1. Data We Collect
2. How We Use Your Data
3. How We Share Information
4. Your Choices and Obligations
5. Other Important Information

1. Introduction
We are a social network and online platform for professionals. People use our
Services to find and be found for business opportunities, to connect with others and
find information. Our Privacy Policy applies to any Member or Visitor to our Services.

Our registered users (“Members”) share their professional identities, engage with
their network, exchange knowledge and professional insights, post and view relevant
content, learn and develop skills, and find business and career opportunities.
Content and data on some of our Services is viewable to non-members (“Visitors”).

We use the term “Designated Countries” to refer to countries in the European Union
(EU), European Economic Area (EEA), and Switzerland.

Services

This Privacy Policy, including our Cookie Policy applies to your use of our Services.

This Privacy Policy applies to LinkedIn.com, LinkedIn-branded apps, LinkedIn

Learning and other LinkedIn-related sites, apps, communications and services
 (“Services”), including off-site Services, such as our ad services and the “Apply with
LinkedIn” and “Share with LinkedIn” plugins, but excluding services that state that
they are offered under a different privacy policy. For California residents, additional
disclosures required by California law may be found in our California Privacy
Disclosure.

Data Controllers and Contracting Parties

If you are in the “Designated Countries”, LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company

(“LinkedIn Ireland”) will be the controller of your personal data provided to, or
collected by or for, or processed in connection with our Services.

If you are outside of the Designated Countries, LinkedIn Corporation will be the
controller of your personal data provided to, or collected by or for, or processed in
connection with, our Services.

As a Visitor or Member of our Services, the collection, use and sharing of your
personal data is subject to this Privacy Policy and other documents referenced in this
Privacy Policy, as well as updates.

Change

Changes to the Privacy Policy apply to your use of our Services after the “effective
date.”

LinkedIn (“we” or “us”) can modify this Privacy Policy, and if we make material
changes to it, we will provide notice through our Services, or by other means, to
provide you the opportunity to review the changes before they become effective. If
you object to any changes, you may close your account.

You acknowledge that your continued use of our Services after we publish or send a
notice about our changes to this Privacy Policy means that the collection, use and
sharing of your personal data is subject to the updated Privacy Policy, as of its
effective date.

2. 1. Data We Collect
1.1 Data You Provide To Us

You provide data to create an account with us.

Registration

To create an account you need to provide data including your name, email address
and/or mobile number, and a password. If you register for a premium Service, you
will need to provide payment (e.g., credit card) and billing information.
You create your LinkedIn profile (a complete profile helps you get the most from our
Services).

Profile

You have choices about the information on your profile, such as your education,

work experience, skills, photo, city or area and endorsements. Some Members may
choose to complete a separate ProFinder profile. You don’t have to provide
additional information on your profile; however, profile information helps you to get
more from our Services, including helping recruiters and business opportunities find
you. It’s your choice whether to include sensitive information on your profile and to
make that sensitive information public. Please do not post or add personal data to
your profile that you would not want to be publicly available.

You give other data to us, such as by syncing your address book or calendar.

Posting and Uploading

We collect personal data from you when you provide, post or upload it to our
Services, such as when you fill out a form, (e.g., with demographic data or salary),
respond to a survey, or submit a resume or fill out a job application on our Services.
If you opt to import your address book, we receive your contacts (including contact
information your service provider(s) or app automatically added to your address
book when you communicated with addresses or numbers not already in your list).

If you sync your contacts or calendars with our Services, we will collect your address
book and calendar meeting information to keep growing your network by suggesting
connections for you and others, and by providing information about events, e.g.
times, places, attendees and contacts.

You don’t have to post or upload personal data; though if you don’t, it may limit your
ability to grow and engage with your network over our Services.

1.2 Data From Others

Others may post or write about you.

Content and News

You and others may post content that includes information about you (as part of
articles, posts, comments, videos) on our Services. We also may collect public
information about you, such as professional-related news and accomplishments, and
make it available as part of our Services, including, as permitted by your settings, in
notifications to others of mentions in the news.

Others may sync their contacts or calendar with our Services

Contact and Calendar Information

We receive personal data (including contact information) about you when others
import or sync their contacts or calendar with our Services, associate their contacts
with Member profiles, scan and upload business cards, or send messages using our
Services (including invites or connection requests). If you or others opt-in to sync
email accounts with our Services, we will also collect “email header” information
that we can associate with Member profiles.

Customers and partners may provide data to us.

Partners

We receive personal data (e.g., your job title and work email address) about you
when you use the services of our customers and partners, such as employers or
prospective employers and applicant tracking systems providing us job application
data.

Related Companies and Other Services

We receive data about you when you use some of the other services provided by us
or our affiliates, including Microsoft. For example, you may choose to send us
information about your contacts in Microsoft apps and services, such as Outlook, for
improved professional networking activities on our Services

1.3 Service Use

We log your visits and use of our Services, including mobile apps.

We log usage data when you visit or otherwise use our Services, including our sites,
app and platform technology, such as when you view or click on content (e.g.,
learning video) or ads (on or off our sites and apps), perform a search, install or
update one of our mobile apps, share articles or apply for jobs. We use log-ins,
cookies, device information and internet protocol (“IP”) addresses to identify you
and log your use.

1.4 Cookies and Similar Technologies

We collect data through cookies and similar technologies.

As further described in our Cookie Policy, we use cookies and similar technologies

(e.g., pixels and ad tags) to collect data (e.g., device IDs) to recognize you and your
device(s) on, off and across different services and devices where you have engaged
with our Services. We also allow some others to use cookies as described in our
Cookie Policy. If you are outside the Designated Countries, we also collect (or rely on
others who collect) information about your device where you have not engaged with
our Services (e.g., ad ID, IP address, operating system and browser information) so
we can provide our Members with relevant ads and better understand their
effectiveness. Learn more. You can opt out from our use of data from cookies and
similar technologies that track your behavior on the sites of others for ad targeting
and other ad-related purposes. For Visitors, the controls are here.

1.5 Your Device and Location

We receive data through cookies and similar technologies

When you visit or leave our Services (including some plugins and our cookies or
similar technology on the sites of others), we receive the URL of both the site you
came from and the one you go to and the time of your visit. We also get information
about your network and device (e.g., IP address, proxy server, operating system, web
browser and add-ons, device identifier and features, cookie IDs and/or ISP, or your
mobile carrier). If you use our Services from a mobile device, that device will send us
data about your location based on your phone settings. We will ask you to opt-in
before we use GPS or other tools to identify your precise location.

1.6 Messages

If you communicate through our Services, we learn about that.

We collect information about you when you send, receive, or engage with messages
in connection with our Services. For example, if you get a LinkedIn connection
request, we track whether you have acted on it and will send you reminders. We also
use automatic scanning technology on messages to support and protect our site. For
example, we use this technology to suggest possible responses to messages and to
manage or block content that violates our User Agreement or Professional
Community Policies from our Services.

1.7 Workplace and School Provided Information

When your organization (e.g., employer or school) buys a premium Service for you to
use, they give us data about you.

Others buying our Services for your use, such as your employer or your school,
provide us with personal data about you and your eligibility to use the Services that
they purchase for use by their workers, students or alumni. For example, we will get
contact information for “Company Page” administrators and for authorizing users of
our premium Services, such as our recruiting, sales or learning products.

1.8 Sites and Services of Others

We get data when you visit sites that include our ads, cookies or some of our plugins
or when you log-in to others’ services with your LinkedIn account.

We receive information about your visits and interaction with services provided by
others when you log-in with LinkedIn or visit others’ services that include some of
 our plugins (such as “Apply with LinkedIn”) or our ads, cookies or similar
technologies.

1.9 Other

We are improving our Services, which means we get new data and create new ways
to use data.

Our Services are dynamic, and we often introduce new features, which may require
the collection of new information. If we collect materially different personal data or
materially change how we collect, use or share your data, we will notify you and may
also modify this Privacy Policy.

Key Terms 

3. 2. How We Use Your Data

We use your data to provide, support, personalize and develop our Services.

How we use your personal data will depend on which Services you use, how you use
those Services and the choices you make in your settings. We use the data that we
have about you to provide and personalize our Services, including with the help of
automated systems and inferences we make, so that our Services (including ads) can
be more relevant and useful to you and others.

2.1 Services

Our Services help you connect with others, find and be found for work and business
opportunities, stay informed, get training and be more productive.

We use your data to authorize access to our Services and honor your settings.

Stay Connected

Our Services allow you to stay in touch and up to date with colleagues, partners,
clients, and other professional contacts. To do so, you can “connect” with the
professionals who you choose, and who also wish to “connect” with you. Subject to
your and their settings, when you connect with other Members, you will be able to
search each others’ connections in order to exchange professional opportunities.

We use data about you (such as your profile, profiles you have viewed or data
provided through address book uploads or partner integrations) to help others find
your profile, suggest connections for you and others (e.g. Members who share your
contacts or job experiences) and enable you to invite others to become a Member
and connect with you. You can also opt-in to allow us to use your precise location or
proximity to others for certain tasks (e.g. to suggest other nearby Members for you
to connect with, calculate the commute to a new job, or notify your connections that
you are at a professional event).

It is your choice whether to invite someone to our Services, send a connection

request, or allow another Member to become your connection. When you invite
someone to connect with you, your invitation will include your network and basic
profile information (e.g., name, profile photo, job title, region). We will send
invitation reminders to the person you invited. You can choose whether or not to
share your own list of connections with your connections.

Visitors have choices about how we use their data.

Stay Informed

Our Services allow you to stay informed about news, events and ideas regarding
professional topics you care about, and from professionals you respect. Our Services
also allow you to improve your professional skills, or learn new ones. We use the
data we have about you (e.g., data you provide, data we collect from your
engagement with our Services and inferences we make from the data we have about
you), to personalize our Services for you, such as by recommending or ranking
relevant content and conversations on our Services. We also use the data we have
about you to suggest skills you could add to your profile and skills that you might
need to pursue your next opportunity. So, if you let us know that you are interested
in a new skill (e.g., by watching a learning video), we will use this information to
personalize content in your feed, suggest that you follow certain members on our
site, or suggest related learning content to help you towards that new skill. We use
your content, activity and other data, including your name and photo, to provide
notices to your network and others. For example, subject to your settings, we may
notify others that you have updated your profile, posted content, took a social
action, used a feature, made new connections or were mentioned in the news.

Career

Our Services allow you to explore careers, evaluate educational opportunities, and
seek out, and be found for, career opportunities. Your profile can be found by those
looking to hire (for a job or a specific task) or be hired by you. We will use your data
to recommend jobs or mentees, show you and others relevant professional contacts
(e.g., who work at a company, in an industry, function or location or have certain
skills and connections). You can signal that you are interested in changing jobs and
share information with recruiters. We will use your data to recommend jobs to you
and you to recruiters. We may use automated systems to provide content and
recommendations to help make our Services more relevant to our Members, Visitors
and customers. Keeping your profile accurate and up-to-date may help you better
connect to others and to opportunities through our Services.

Productivity
Our Services allow you to collaborate with colleagues, search for potential clients,
customers, partners and others to do business with. Our Services allow you to
communicate with other Members and schedule and prepare meetings with them. If
your settings allow, we scan messages to provide “bots” or similar tools that
facilitate tasks such as scheduling meetings, drafting responses, summarizing
messages or recommending next steps. Learn more.

2.2 Premium Services

Our premium Services help paying users to search for and contact Members through
our Services, such as searching for and contacting job candidates, sales leads and co-
workers, manage talent and promote content through social media.

We sell premium Services that provide our customers and subscribers with
customized-search functionality and tools (including messaging and activity alerts) as
part of our talent, marketing and sales solutions. Customers can export limited
information from your profile, such as name, headline, current company, current
title, and general location (e.g., Dublin), such as to manage sales leads or talent,
unless you opt-out. We do not provide contact information to customers as part of
these premium Services without your consent. Premium Services customers can
store information they have about you in our premium Services, such as a resume or
contact information or sales history. The data stored about you by these customers
is subject to the policies of those customers. Other enterprise Services and features
that use your data include TeamLink and Elevate (social promotion of content).

2.3 Communications

We contact you and enable communications between Members. We offer settings to

control what messages you receive and how often you receive some types of
messages.

We will contact you through email, mobile phone, notices posted on our websites or
apps, messages to your LinkedIn inbox, and other ways through our Services,
including text messages and push notifications. We will send you messages about
the availability of our Services, security, or other service-related issues. We also send
messages about how to use our Services, network updates, reminders, job
suggestions and promotional messages from us and our partners. You may change
your communication preferences at any time. Please be aware that you cannot opt
out of receiving service messages from us, including security and legal notices.

We also enable communications between you and others through our Services,

including for example invitations, InMail, groups and messages between
connections.

2.4 Advertising
We serve you tailored ads both on and off our Services. We offer you choices
regarding personalized ads, but you cannot opt-out of seeing other ads.

We target (and measure the performance of) ads to Members, Visitors and others
both on and off our Services directly or through a variety of partners, using the
following data, whether separately or combined:

 Data from advertising technologies on and off our Services, pixels, ad tags,
cookies, and device identifiers;
 Member-provided information (e.g., profile, contact information, title and
industry);
 Data from your use of our Services (e.g., search history, feed, content you
read, who you follow or is following you, connections, groups participation,
page visits, videos you watch, clicking on an ad, etc.), including as described
in Section 1.3;
 Information from advertising partners, vendors and publishers; and
 Information inferred from data described above (e.g., using job titles from a
profile to infer industry, seniority, and compensation bracket; using
graduation dates to infer age or using first names or pronoun usage to infer
gender; using your feed activity to infer your interests; or using device data to
recognize you as a Member).

We will show you ads called sponsored content which look similar to non-sponsored

content, except that they are labeled as advertising (e.g., as “ad” or “sponsored”). If
you take a social action (such as like, comment or share) on these ads, your action is
associated with your name and viewable by others, including the advertiser. Subject
to your settings, if you take a social action on the LinkedIn Services, that action may
be mentioned with related ads. For example, when you like a company we may
include your name and photo when their sponsored content is shown.

Ad Choices

We adhere to self-regulatory principles for interest-based advertising and participate

in industry opt-outs from such ads. This does not opt you out of receiving
advertising; you will continue to get other ads by advertisers not listed with these
self regulatory tools. You can also opt-out specifically from our uses of certain
categories of data to show you more relevant ads. For Visitors, the setting is here.

Info to Ad Providers

We do not share your personal data with any third-party advertisers or ad networks
except for: (i) hashed IDs or device identifiers (to the extent they are personal data in
some countries); (ii) with your separate permission (e.g., in a lead generation form)
or (iii) data already visible to any users of the Services (e.g., profile). However, if you
view or click on an ad on or off our Services, the ad provider will get a signal that
someone visited the page that displayed the ad, and they may, through the use of
mechanisms such as cookies, determine it is you. Advertising partners can associate
personal data collected by the advertiser directly from you with hashed IDs or device
identifiers received from us. In such instances, we seek to contractually require such
advertising partners to obtain your explicit, opt-in consent before doing so.

2.5 Marketing

We promote our Services to you and others.

In addition to advertising our Services, we use Members’ data and content for
invitations and communications promoting membership and network growth,
engagement and our Services, such as by showing your connections that you have
used a feature on our Services.

2.6 Developing Services and Research

We develop our Services and conduct research

Service Development

We use data, including public feedback, to conduct research and development for

our Services in order to provide you and others with a better, more intuitive and
personalized experience, drive membership growth and engagement on our
Services, and help connect professionals to each other and to economic opportunity.

Other Research

We seek to create economic opportunity for Members of the global workforce and
to help them be more productive and successful. We use the personal data available
to us to research social, economic and workplace trends, such as jobs availability and
skills needed for these jobs and policies that help bridge the gap in various industries
and geographic areas. In some cases, we work with trusted third parties to perform
this research, under controls that are designed to protect your privacy. We publish
or allow others to publish economic insights, presented as aggregated data rather
than personal data.

Surveys

Polls and surveys are conducted by us and others through our Services. You are not
obligated to respond to polls or surveys, and you have choices about the information
you provide. You may opt-out of survey invitations.

2.7 Customer Support

We use data to help you and fix problems.

We use data (which can include your communications) to investigate, respond to and
resolve complaints and for Service issues (e.g., bugs).
 2.8 Insights That Do Not Identify You

We use data to generate insights that do not identify you.

We use your data to produce and share insights that do not identify you. For
example, we may use your data to generate statistics about our members, their
profession or industry, to calculate ad impressions served or clicked on, or to publish
visitor demographics for a Service or create demographic workforce insights.

2.9 Security and Investigations

We use data for security, fraud prevention and investigations.

We use your data (including your communications) for security purposes or to

prevent or investigate possible fraud or other violations of our User
Agreement and/or attempts to harm our Members, Visitors or others.

Key Terms 

4. 3. How We Share Information

3.1 Our Services

Any data that you include on your profile and any content you post or social action
(e.g., likes, follows, comments, shares) you take on our Services will be seen by
others, consistent with your settings.

Profile

Your profile is fully visible to all Members and customers of our Services. Subject to
your settings, it can also be visible to others on or off of our Services (e.g., Visitors to
our Services or users of third- party search engines). As detailed in our Help Center,
your settings, degree of connection with the viewing Member, the subscriptions they
may have, their usage of our Services, access channels and search types (e.g., by
name or by keyword) impact the availability of your profile and whether they can
view certain fields in your profile.

Posts, Likes, Follows, Comments, Messages

Our Services allow viewing and sharing information including through posts, likes,
follows and comments.

 When you share an article or a post (e.g., an update, image, video or article)
publicly it can be viewed by everyone and re-shared anywhere (subject to
your settings). Members, Visitors and others will be able to find and see your
publicly-shared content, including your name (and photo if you have
provided one).
  In a group, posts are visible to others in the group. Your membership in
groups is public and part of your profile, but you can change visibility in
your settings.
 Any information you share through companies’ or other organizations’ pages
on our Services will be viewable by it and others who visit those pages.
 When you follow a person or organization, you are visible to others and that
“page owner” as a follower.
 We let senders know when you act on their message, subject to
your settings where applicable.
 Subject to your settings, we let a Member know when you view their profile.
 When you like or re-share or comment on another’s content (including ads),
others will be able to view these “social actions” and associate it with you
(e.g., your name, profile and photo if you provided it).

Your employer can see how you use Services they provided for your work (e.g. as a
recruiter or sales agent) and related information. We will not show them your job
searches or personal messages.

Enterprise Accounts

Your employer may offer you access to our enterprise Services such as Recruiter,
Sales Navigator, LinkedIn Learning or our advertising Campaign Manager. Your
employer can review and manage your use of such enterprise Services.

Depending on the enterprise Service, before you use such Service, we will ask for
permission to share with your employer relevant data from your profile or use of our
non-enterprise Services. For example, users of Sales Navigator will be asked to share
their “social selling index”, a score calculated in part based on their personal account
activity. We understand that certain activities such as job hunting and personal
messages are sensitive, and so we do not share those with your employer unless you
choose to share it with them through our Services (for example, by applying for a
new position in the same company or mentioning your job hunting in a message to a
co-worker through our Services).

Subject to your settings, when you use workplace tools and services (e.g., interactive
employee directory tools) certain of your data may also be made available to your
employer or be connected with information we receive from your employer to
enable these tools and services.

3.2 Communication Archival

Regulated Members may need to store communications outside of our Service.

Some Members (or their employers) need, for legal or professional compliance, to
archive their communications and social media activity, and will use services of
others to provide these archival services. We enable archiving of messages by and to
those Members outside of our Services. For example, a financial advisor needs to
archive communications with her clients through our Services in order to maintain
her professional financial advisor license.

3.3 Others’ Services

You may link your account with others’ services so that they can look up your
contacts’ profiles, post your shares on such platforms, or enable you to start
conversations with your connections on such platforms. Excerpts from your profile
will also appear on the services of others.

Subject to your settings, other services may look up your profile. When you opt to
link your account with other services, personal data will become available to them.
The sharing and use of that personal data will be described in, or linked to, a consent
screen when you opt to link the accounts. For example, you may link your Twitter or
WeChat account to share content from our Services into these other services, or
your email provider may give you the option to upload your LinkedIn contacts into its
own service. Third-party services have their own privacy policies, and you may be
giving them permission to use your data in ways we would not. You may revoke the
link with such accounts.

Subject to your settings, excerpts from your profile will appear on the services of

others (e.g., search engine results, mail and calendar applications that show a user
limited profile data of the person they are meeting or messaging, social media
aggregators, talent and lead managers). “Old” profile information remains on these
services until they update their data cache with changes you made to your profile.

3.4 Related Services

We share your data across our different Services and LinkedIn affiliated entities.

We will share your personal data with our affiliates to provide and develop our
Services. We may combine information internally across the different Services
covered by this Privacy Policy to help our Services be more relevant and useful to
you and others. For example, we may personalize your feed or job recommendations
based on your learning history.

3.5 Service Providers

We may use others to help us with our Services.

We use others to help us provide our Services (e.g., maintenance, analysis, audit,
payments, fraud detection, marketing and development). They will have access to
your information as reasonably necessary to perform these tasks on our behalf and
are obligated not to disclose or use it for other purposes.

3.6 Legal Disclosures

 We may need to share your data when we believe it’s required by law or to help
protect the rights and safety of you, us or others.

It is possible that we will need to disclose information about you when required by
law, subpoena, or other legal process or if we have a good faith belief that disclosure
is reasonably necessary to (1) investigate, prevent or take action regarding suspected
or actual illegal activities or to assist government enforcement agencies; (2) enforce
our agreements with you; (3) investigate and defend ourselves against any third-
party claims or allegations; (4) protect the security or integrity of our Services (such
as by sharing with companies facing similar threats); or (5) exercise or protect the
rights and safety of LinkedIn, our Members, personnel or others. We attempt to
notify Members about legal demands for their personal data when appropriate in
our judgment, unless prohibited by law or court order or when the request is an
emergency. We may dispute such demands when we believe, in our discretion, that
the requests are overbroad, vague or lack proper authority, but we do not promise
to challenge every demand. To learn more see our Data Request
Guidelines and Transparency Report.

3.7 Change in Control or Sale

We may share your data when our business is sold to others, but it must continue to
be used in accordance with this Privacy Policy.

We can also share your personal data as part of a sale, merger or change in control,
or in preparation for any of these events. Any other entity which buys us or part of
our business will have the right to continue to use your data, but only in the manner
set out in this Privacy Policy unless you agree otherwise.

5. 4. Your Choices & Obligations

4.1 Data Retention

We keep most of your personal data for as long as your account is open.

We generally retain your personal data as long as you keep your account open or as
needed to provide you Services. This includes data you or others provided to us and
data generated or inferred from your use of our Services. Even if you only use our
Services when looking for a new job every few years, we will retain your information
and keep your profile open, unless you close your account. In some cases we choose
to retain certain information (e.g., insights about Services use) in a depersonalized or
aggregated form.

4.2 Rights to Access and Control Your Personal Data

You can access or delete your personal data. You have many choices about how your
data is collected, used and shared.
We provide many choices about the collection, use and sharing of your data, from
deleting or correcting data you include in your profile and controlling the visibility of
your posts to advertising opt-outs and communication controls. We offer
you settings to control and manage the personal data we have about you.

For personal data that we have about you, you can:

 Delete Data: You can ask us to erase or delete all or some of your personal
data (e.g., if it is no longer necessary to provide Services to you).
 Change or Correct Data: You can edit some of your personal data through
your account. You can also ask us to change, update or fix your data in certain
cases, particularly if it’s inaccurate.
 Object to, or Limit or Restrict, Use of Data: You can ask us to stop using all or
some of your personal data (e.g., if we have no legal right to keep using it) or
to limit our use of it (e.g., if your personal data is inaccurate or unlawfully
held).
 Right to Access and/or Take Your Data: You can ask us for a copy of your
personal data and can ask for a copy of personal data you provided in
machine readable form.

Visitors can learn more about how to make these requests here. You may also
contact us using the contact information below, and we will consider your request in
accordance with applicable laws.

Residents in the Designated Countries and other regions may have additional rights

under their laws.

4.3 Account Closure

We keep some of your data even after you close your account.

If you choose to close your LinkedIn account, your personal data will generally stop
being visible to others on our Services within 24 hours. We generally delete closed
account information within 30 days of account closure, except as noted below.

We retain your personal data even after you have closed your account if reasonably
necessary to comply with our legal obligations (including law enforcement requests),
meet regulatory requirements, resolve disputes, maintain security, prevent fraud
and abuse (e.g., if we have restricted your account for breach of our Professional
Community Policies), enforce our User Agreement, or fulfill your request to
"unsubscribe" from further messages from us. We will retain de-personalized
information after your account has been closed.

Information you have shared with others (e.g., through InMail, updates or group
posts) will remain visible after you close your account or delete the information from
your own profile or mailbox, and we do not control data that other Members have
copied out of our Services. Groups content and ratings or review content associated
 with closed accounts will show an unknown user as the source. Your profile may
continue to be displayed in the services of others (e.g., search engine results) until
they refresh their cache.

6. 5. Other Important Information

5.1. Security

We monitor for and try to prevent security breaches. Please use the security
features available through our Services.

We implement security safeguards designed to protect your data, such as HTTPS. We

regularly monitor our systems for possible vulnerabilities and attacks. However, we
cannot warrant the security of any information that you send us. There is no
guarantee that data may not be accessed, disclosed, altered, or destroyed by breach
of any of our physical, technical, or managerial safeguards. Please visit our Safety
Center for additional information about safely using our Services, including two-
factor authentication.

5.2. Cross-Border Data Transfers

We store and use your data outside your country.

We process data both inside and outside of the United States and rely on legally-
provided mechanisms to lawfully transfer data across borders. Learn more.
Countries where we process data may have laws which are different from, and
potentially not as protective as, the laws of your own country.

5.3 Lawful Bases for Processing

We have lawful bases to collect, use and share data about you. You have choices
about our use of your data. At any time, you can withdraw consent you have
provided by going to settings.

We will only collect and process personal data about you where we have lawful
bases. Lawful bases include consent(where you have given consent), contract (where
processing is necessary for the performance of a contract with you (e.g., to deliver
the LinkedIn Services you have requested) and “legitimate interests.” Learn more.

Where we rely on your consent to process personal data, you have the right to
withdraw or decline your consent at any time and where we rely on legitimate
interests, you have the right to object. Learn More. If you have any questions about
the lawful bases upon which we collect and use your personal data, please contact
our Data Protection Officer here.

5.4. Direct Marketing and Do Not Track Signals

Our statements regarding direct marketing and “do not track” signals.

We currently do not share personal data with third parties for their direct marketing
purposes without your permission. Learn more about this and about our response to
“do not track” signals.

5.5. Contact Information

You can contact us or use other options to resolve any complaints.

If you have questions or complaints regarding this Policy, please first contact

LinkedIn online. You can also reach us by physical mail. If contacting us does not
resolve your complaint, you have more options. Residents in the Designated
Countries and other regions may also have the right to contact our Data Protection
Officer here. If this does not resolve your complaint, Residents in the Designated
Countries and other regions may have more options under their laws.
 LinkedIn User Agreement

Effective on February 1, 2022

Our mission is to connect the world’s professionals to allow them to be more productive
and successful. Our services are designed to promote economic opportunity for our
members by enabling you and millions of other professionals to meet, exchange ideas,
learn, and find opportunities or employees, work, and make decisions in a network of
trusted relationships.

Table of Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Obligations
3. Rights and Limits
4. Disclaimer and Limit of Liability
5. Termination
6. Governing Law and Dispute Resolution
7. General Terms
8. LinkedIn “Dos and Don’ts”
9. Complaints Regarding Content
10. How To Contact Us

1. Introduction
1.1 Contract

When you use our Services you agree to all of these terms. Your use of our Services
is also subject to our Cookie Policy and our Privacy Policy, which covers how we
collect, use, share, and store your personal information.

You agree that by clicking “Join Now”, “Join LinkedIn”, “Sign Up” or similar,
registering, accessing or using our services (described below), you are agreeing to
enter into a legally binding contract with LinkedIn (even if you are using our Services
on behalf of a company). If you do not agree to this contract (“Contract” or “User
Agreement”), do not click “Join Now” (or similar) and do not access or otherwise use
any of our Services. If you wish to terminate this contract, at any time you can do so
by closing your account and no longer accessing or using our Services.

Services

This Contract applies to LinkedIn.com, LinkedIn-branded apps, LinkedIn Learning and

other LinkedIn-related sites, apps, communications and other services that state that
they are offered under this Contract (“Services”), including the offsite collection of
 data for those Services, such as our ads and the “Apply with LinkedIn” and “Share
with LinkedIn” plugins. Registered users of our Services are “Members” and
unregistered users are “Visitors”.

LinkedIn

You are entering into this Contract with LinkedIn (also referred to as “we” and “us”).

We use the term “Designated Countries” to refer to countries in the European Union
(EU), European Economic Area (EEA), and Switzerland.

If you reside in the “Designated Countries”, you are entering into this Contract with
LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company (“LinkedIn Ireland”) and LinkedIn Ireland will be
the controller of your personal data provided to, or collected by or for, or processed
in connection with our Services.

If you reside outside of the “Designated Countries”, you are entering into this
Contract with LinkedIn Corporation (“LinkedIn Corp.”) and LinkedIn Corp. will be the
controller of your personal data provided to, or collected by or for, or processed in
connection with our Services.

This Contract applies to Members and Visitors.

As a Visitor or Member of our Services, the collection, use and sharing of your
personal data is subject to this Privacy Policy (which includes our Cookie Policy and
other documents referenced in this Privacy Policy) and updates.

1.2 Members and Visitors

When you register and join the LinkedIn Services, you become a Member. If you
have chosen not to register for our Services, you may access certain features as a
“Visitor.”

1.3 Change

We may make changes to the Contract.

We may modify this Contract, our Privacy Policy and our Cookies Policy from time to
time. If we make material changes to it, we will provide you notice through our
Services, or by other means, to provide you the opportunity to review the changes
before they become effective. We agree that changes cannot be retroactive. If you
object to any changes, you may close your account. Your continued use of our
Services after we publish or send a notice about our changes to these terms means
that you are consenting to the updated terms as of their effective date.

2. 2. Obligations
2.1 Service Eligibility

Here are some promises that you make to us in this Contract:

You’re eligible to enter into this Contract and you are at least our “Minimum Age.”

The Services are not for use by anyone under the age of 16.

To use the Services, you agree that: (1) you must be the "Minimum Age"(described
below) or older; (2) you will only have one LinkedIn account, which must be in your
real name; and (3) you are not already restricted by LinkedIn from using the Services.
Creating an account with false information is a violation of our terms, including
accounts registered on behalf of others or persons under the age of 16.

“Minimum Age” means 16 years old. However, if law requires that you must be older
in order for LinkedIn to lawfully provide the Services to you without parental consent
(including using of your personal data) then the Minimum Age is such older age.

2.2 Your Account

You will keep your password a secret

You will not share an account with anyone else and will follow our rules and the law.

Members are account holders. You agree to: (1) use a strong password and keep it
confidential; (2) not transfer any part of your account (e.g., connections) and (3)
follow the law and our list of Dos and Don’ts and Professional Community Policies.
You are responsible for anything that happens through your account unless you
close it or report misuse.

As between you and others (including your employer), your account belongs to you.
However, if the Services were purchased by another party for you to use (e.g.
Recruiter seat bought by your employer), the party paying for such Service has the
right to control access to and get reports on your use of such paid Service; however,
they do not have rights to your personal account

2.3 Payment

You’ll honor your payment obligations and you are okay with us storing your
payment information. You understand that there may be fees and taxes that are
added to our prices.

Refunds are subject to our policy.

If you buy any of our paid Services (“Premium Services”), you agree to pay us the
applicable fees and taxes and to additional terms specific to the paid Services. Failure
to pay these fees will result in the termination of your paid Services. Also, you agree
that:

 Your purchase may be subject to foreign exchange fees or differences in

prices based on location (e.g. exchange rates).
 We may store and continue billing your payment method (e.g. credit card)
even after it has expired, to avoid interruptions in your Services and to use to
pay other Services you may buy.
 If you purchase a subscription, your payment method automatically will be
charged at the start of each subscription period for the fees and taxes
applicable to that period. To avoid future charges, cancel before the renewal
date. Learn how to cancel or suspend your Premium Services.
 All of your purchases of Services are subject to LinkedIn’s refund policy.
 We may calculate taxes payable by you based on the billing information that
you provide us at the time of purchase.

You can get a copy of your invoice through your LinkedIn account settings under
“Purchase History”.

2.4 Notices and Messages

You’re okay with us providing notices and messages to you through our websites,
apps, and contact information. If your contact information is out of date, you may
miss out on important notices.

You agree that we will provide notices and messages to you in the following ways:
(1) within the Service, or (2) sent to the contact information you provided us (e.g.,
email, mobile number, physical address). You agree to keep your contact
information up to date.

Please review your settings to control and limit messages you receive from us.

2.5 Sharing

When you share information on our Services, others can see, copy and use that
information.

Our Services allow messaging and sharing of information in many ways, such as your
profile, articles, group posts, links to news articles, job postings, messages and
InMails. Information and content that you share or post may be seen by other
Members, Visitors or others (including off of the Services). Where we have made
settings available, we will honor the choices you make about who can see content or
information (e.g., message content to your addressees, sharing content only to
LinkedIn connections, restricting your profile visibility from search engines, or opting
not to notify others of your LinkedIn profile update). For job searching activities, we
default to not notifying your connections network or the public. So, if you apply for a
 job through our Service or opt to signal that you are interested in a job, our default is
to share it only with the job poster.

We are not obligated to publish any information or content on our Service and can
remove it with or without notice.

Key terms 

3. 3. Rights and Limits

3.1. Your License to LinkedIn

You own all of the content, feedback and personal information you provide to us,
but you also grant us a non-exclusive license to it.

We’ll honor the choices you make about who gets to see your information and
content, including how it can be used for ads.

As between you and LinkedIn, you own the content and information that you submit
or post to the Services, and you are only granting LinkedIn and our affiliates the
following non-exclusive license:

A worldwide, transferable and sublicensable right to use, copy, modify, distribute,

publish and process, information and content that you provide through our Services
and the services of others, without any further consent, notice and/or compensation
to you or others. These rights are limited in the following ways:

1. You can end this license for specific content by deleting such content from
the Services, or generally by closing your account, except (a) to the extent
you shared it with others as part of the Service and they copied, re-shared it
or stored it and (b) for the reasonable time it takes to remove from backup
and other systems.
2. We will not include your content in advertisements for the products and
services of third parties to others without your separate consent (including
sponsored content). However, we have the right, without payment to you or
others, to serve ads near your content and information, and your social
actions may be visible and included with ads, as noted in the Privacy Policy. If
you use a Service feature, we may mention that with your name or photo to
promote that feature within our Services, subject to your settings.
3. We will get your consent if we want to give others the right to publish your
content beyond the Services. However, if you choose to share your post as
"public, everyone or similar", we will enable a feature that allows other
Members to embed that public post onto third-party services, and we enable
search engines to make that public content findable though their
services. Learn More
 4. While we may edit and make format changes to your content (such as
translating or transcribing it, modifying the size, layout or file type or
removing metadata), we will not modify the meaning of your expression.
5. Because you own your content and information and we only have non-
exclusive rights to it, you may choose to make it available to others, including
under the terms of a Creative Commons license.

You and LinkedIn agree that if content includes personal data, it is subject to our
Privacy Policy.

You and LinkedIn agree that we may access, store, process and use any information
and personal data that you provide in accordance with, the terms of the Privacy
Policy and your choices (including settings).

By submitting suggestions or other feedback regarding our Services to LinkedIn, you

agree that LinkedIn can use and share (but does not have to) such feedback for any
purpose without compensation to you.

You promise to only provide information and content that you have the right to
share, and that your LinkedIn profile will be truthful.

You agree to only provide content or information that does not violate the law nor
anyone’s rights (including intellectual property rights). You also agree that your
profile information will be truthful. LinkedIn may be required by law to remove
certain information or content in certain countries.

3.2 Service Availability

We may change or end any Service or modify our prices prospectively.

We may change, suspend or discontinue any of our Services. We may also modify
our prices effective prospectively upon reasonable notice to the extent allowed
under the law.

We don’t promise to store or keep showing any information and content that you’ve
posted. LinkedIn is not a storage service. You agree that we have no obligation to
store, maintain or provide you a copy of any content or information that you or
others provide, except to the extent required by applicable law and as noted in our
Privacy Policy.

3.3 Other Content, Sites and Apps

Your use of others’ content and information posted on our Services, is at your own
risk.

Others may offer their own products and services through our Services, and we
aren’t responsible for those third-party activities.
By using the Services, you may encounter content or information that might be
inaccurate, incomplete, delayed, misleading, illegal, offensive or otherwise harmful.
LinkedIn generally does not review content provided by our Members or others. You
agree that we are not responsible for others’ (including other Members’) content or
information. We cannot always prevent this misuse of our Services, and you agree
that we are not responsible for any such misuse. You also acknowledge the risk that
you or your organization may be mistakenly associated with content about others
when we let connections and followers know you or your organization were
mentioned in the news. Members have choices about this feature.

LinkedIn may help connect Members offering their services (career coaching,
accounting, etc.) with Members seeking services. LinkedIn does not perform nor
employs individuals to perform these services. You must be at least 18 years of age
to offer, perform or procure these services. You acknowledge that LinkedIn does not
supervise, direct, control or monitor Members in the performance of these services
and agree that (1) LinkedIn is not responsible for the offering, performance or
procurement of these services, (2) LinkedIn does not endorse any particular
Member’s offered services, and (3) nothing shall create an employment, agency, or
joint venture relationship between LinkedIn and any Member offering services. If
you are a Member offering services, you represent and warrant that you have all the
required licenses and will provide services consistent with our Professional
Community Policies.

Similarly, LinkedIn may help you register for and/or attend events organized by
Members and connect with other Members who are attendees at such events. You
agree that (1) LinkedIn is not responsible for the conduct of any of the Members or
other attendees at such events, (2) LinkedIn does not endorse any particular event
listed on our Services, (3) LinkedIn does not review and/or vet any of these events,
and (4) that you will adhere to these terms and conditions that apply to such events.

3.4 Limits

We have the right to limit how you connect and interact on our Services.

LinkedIn reserves the right to limit your use of the Services, including the number of
your connections and your ability to contact other Members. LinkedIn reserves the
right to restrict, suspend, or terminate your account if you breach this Contract or
the law or are misusing the Services (e.g., violating any of the Dos and Don’ts
or Professional Community Policies).

3.5 Intellectual Property Rights

We’re providing you notice about our intellectual property rights.

LinkedIn reserves all of its intellectual property rights in the Services. Trademarks
and logos used in connection with the Services are the trademarks of their respective
owners. LinkedIn, and “in” logos and other LinkedIn trademarks, service marks,
 graphics and logos used for our Services are trademarks or registered trademarks of
LinkedIn.

3.6 Automated Processing

We use data and information about you to make relevant suggestions to you and
others.

We use the information and data that you provide and that we have about Members
to make recommendations for connections, content and features that may be useful
to you. For example, we use data and information about you to recommend jobs to
you and you to recruiters. Keeping your profile accurate and up to date helps us to
make these recommendations more accurate and relevant.

Key Terms 

4. 4. Disclaimer and Limit of Liability

4.1 No Warranty

This is our disclaimer of legal liability for the quality, safety, or reliability of our
Services.

LINKEDIN AND ITS AFFILIATES MAKE NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY ABOUT

THE SERVICES, INCLUDING ANY REPRESENTATION THAT THE SERVICES WILL BE
UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE, AND PROVIDE THE SERVICES (INCLUDING
CONTENT AND INFORMATION) ON AN “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE” BASIS. TO THE
FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW, LINKEDIN AND ITS AFFILIATES
DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTY, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF TITLE, ACCURACY OF DATA, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY
OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

4.2 Exclusion of Liability

These are the limits of legal liability we may have to you.

TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW (AND UNLESS LINKEDIN HAS ENTERED
INTO A SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT THAT OVERRIDES THIS CONTRACT),
LINKEDIN, INCLUDING ITS AFFILIATES, WILL NOT BE LIABLE IN CONNECTION WITH
THIS CONTRACT FOR LOST PROFITS OR LOST BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES,
REPUTATION (E.G., OFFENSIVE OR DEFAMATORY STATEMENTS), LOSS OF DATA (E.G.,
DOWN TIME OR LOSS, USE OF, OR CHANGES TO, YOUR INFORMATION OR CONTENT)
OR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES.

LINKEDIN AND ITS AFFILIATES WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU IN CONNECTION WITH
THIS CONTRACT FOR ANY AMOUNT THAT EXCEEDS (A) THE TOTAL FEES PAID OR
 PAYABLE BY YOU TO LINKEDIN FOR THE SERVICES DURING THE TERM OF THIS
CONTRACT, IF ANY, OR (B) US $1000.

4.3 Basis of the Bargain; Exclusions

The limitations of liability in this Section 4 are part of the basis of the bargain
between you and LinkedIn and shall apply to all claims of liability (e.g., warranty,
tort, negligence, contract and law) even if LinkedIn or its affiliates has been told of
the possibility of any such damage, and even if these remedies fail their essential
purpose.

These limitations of liability do not apply to liability for death or personal injury or
for fraud, gross negligence or intentional misconduct, or in cases of negligence
where a material obligation has been breached, a material obligation being such
which forms a prerequisite to our delivery of services and on which you may
reasonably rely, but only to the extent that the damages were directly caused by the
breach and were foreseeable upon conclusion of this Contract and to the extent that
they are typical in the context of this Contract.

5. 5. Termination
We can each end this Contract, but some rights and obligations survive.

Both you and LinkedIn may terminate this Contract at any time with notice to the
other. On termination, you lose the right to access or use the Services. The following
shall survive termination:

 Our rights to use and disclose your feedback;

 Members and/or Visitors’ rights to further re-share content and information
you shared through the Services;
 Sections 4, 6, 7, and 8.2 of this Contract;
 Any amounts owed by either party prior to termination remain owed after
termination.

You can visit our Help Center to close your account.

6. 6. Governing Law and Dispute Resolution

In the unlikely event we end up in a legal dispute, depending on where you live, you
and LinkedIn agree to resolve it in California courts using California law, Dublin,
Ireland courts using Irish law, or in your local courts using local law.

If you live in the Designated Countries, the laws of Ireland govern all claims related
to LinkedIn's provision of the Services, but this shall not deprive you of the
mandatory consumer protections under the law of the country to which we direct
your Services where you have habitual residence. With respect to jurisdiction, you
 and LinkedIn agree to choose the courts of the country to which we direct your
Services where you have habitual residence for all disputes arising out of or relating
to this User Agreement, or in the alternative, you may choose the responsible court
in Ireland.

For others outside of Designated Countries, including those who live outside of the
United States: You and LinkedIn agree that the laws of the State of California, U.S.A.,
excluding its conflict of laws rules, shall exclusively govern any dispute relating to this
Contract and/or the Services. You and LinkedIn both agree that all claims and
disputes can be litigated only in the federal or state courts in Santa Clara County,
California, USA, and you and LinkedIn each agree to personal jurisdiction in those
courts

7. 7. General Terms
Here are some important details about the Contract.

If a court with authority over this Contract finds any part of it unenforceable, you
and we agree that the court should modify the terms to make that part enforceable
while still achieving its intent. If the court cannot do that, you and we agree to ask
the court to remove that unenforceable part and still enforce the rest of this
Contract.

This Contract (including additional terms that may be provided by us when you
engage with a feature of the Services) is the only agreement between us regarding
the Services and supersedes all prior agreements for the Services.

If we don't act to enforce a breach of this Contract, that does not mean that LinkedIn
has waived its right to enforce this Contract. You may not assign or transfer this
Contract (or your membership or use of Services) to anyone without our consent.
However, you agree that LinkedIn may assign this Contract to its affiliates or a party
that buys it without your consent. There are no third-party beneficiaries to this
Contract.

You agree that the only way to provide us legal notice is at the addresses provided in
Section 10.

8. 8. LinkedIn “Dos and Don’ts”

LinkedIn is a community of professionals. This list of “Dos and Don’ts” along with our
Professional Community Policies limit what you can and cannot do on our Services.

8.1. Dos

You agree that you will:

 1. Comply with all applicable laws, including, without limitation, privacy laws,
intellectual property laws, anti-spam laws, export control laws, tax laws, and
regulatory requirements;
2. Provide accurate information to us and keep it updated;
3. Use your real name on your profile; and
4. Use the Services in a professional manner.

8.2. Don’ts

You agree that you will not:

5. Create a false identity on LinkedIn, misrepresent your identity, create a

Member profile for anyone other than yourself (a real person), or use or
attempt to use another’s account;
6. Develop, support or use software, devices, scripts, robots or any other means
or processes (including crawlers, browser plugins and add-ons or any other
technology) to scrape the Services or otherwise copy profiles and other data
from the Services;
7. Override any security feature or bypass or circumvent any access controls or
use limits of the Service (such as caps on keyword searches or profile views);
8. Copy, use, disclose or distribute any information obtained from the Services,
whether directly or through third parties (such as search engines), without
the consent of LinkedIn;
9. Disclose information that you do not have the consent to disclose (such as
confidential information of others (including your employer));
10. Violate the intellectual property rights of others, including copyrights,
patents, trademarks, trade secrets or other proprietary rights. For example,
do not copy or distribute (except through the available sharing functionality)
the posts or other content of others without their permission, which they
may give by posting under a Creative Commons license;
11. Violate the intellectual property or other rights of LinkedIn, including,
without limitation, (i) copying or distributing our learning videos or other
materials or (ii) copying or distributing our technology, unless it is released
under open source licenses; (iii) using the word “LinkedIn” or our logos in any
business name, email, or URL except as provided in the Brand Guidelines;
12. Post anything that contains software viruses, worms, or any other harmful
code;
13. Reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble, decipher or otherwise attempt to
derive the source code for the Services or any related technology that is not
open source;
14. Imply or state that you are affiliated with or endorsed by LinkedIn without
our express consent (e.g., representing yourself as an accredited LinkedIn
trainer);
15. Rent, lease, loan, trade, sell/re-sell or otherwise monetize the Services or
related data or access to the same, without LinkedIn’s consent;
16. Deep-link to our Services for any purpose other than to promote your profile
or a Group on our Services, without LinkedIn’s consent;
 17. Use bots or other automated methods to access the Services, add or
download contacts, send or redirect messages;
18. Monitor the Services’ availability, performance or functionality for any
competitive purpose;
19. Engage in “framing,” “mirroring,” or otherwise simulating the appearance or
function of the Services;
20. Overlay or otherwise modify the Services or their appearance (such as by
inserting elements into the Services or removing, covering, or obscuring an
advertisement included on the Services);
21. Interfere with the operation of, or place an unreasonable load on, the
Services (e.g., spam, denial of service attack, viruses, gaming algorithms);
and/or
22. Violate the Professional Community Policies or any additional terms
concerning a specific Service that are provided when you sign up for or start
using such Service, and the Bing Maps terms where applicable.
9. 9. Complaints Regarding Content
Contact information for complaint about content provided by our Members.

We respect the intellectual property rights of others. We require that information

posted by Members be accurate and not in violation of the intellectual property
rights or other rights of third parties. We provide a policy and process for complaints
concerning content posted by our Members.

10. 10. How To Contact Us

Our Contact information. Our Help Center also provides information about our
Services.

For general inquiries, you may contact us online. For legal notices or service of
process, you may write us at these addresses.
 Cookie Policy

Effective on June 3, 2022

At LinkedIn, we believe in being clear and open about how we collect and use data related to
you. This Cookie Policy applies to any LinkedIn product or service that links to this policy or
incorporates it by reference. We use cookies and similar technologies such as pixels, local
storage and mobile ad IDs (collectively referred to in this policy as “cookies”) to collect and
use data as part of our Services, as defined in our Privacy Policy (“Services”) and which
includes our sites, communications, mobile applications and off-site Services, such as our ad
services and the “Apply with LinkedIn” and “Share with LinkedIn” plugins or tags. In the
spirit of transparency, this policy provides detailed information about how and when we use
these technologies. 

By continuing to visit or use our Services, you are agreeing to the use of cookies and similar
technologies for the purposes described in this policy.

What technologies are used?

ENTER A SUMMARY
Type of technology Description

A cookie is a small file placed onto your device that enables LinkedIn featur
and functionality. Any browser visiting our sites may receive cookies from u
or cookies from third parties such as our customers, partners or service
providers. We or third parties may also place cookies in your browser when
you visit non-LinkedIn sites that display ads or that host our plugins or tags.

 
Cookies
We use two types of cookies: persistent cookies and session cookies. A
persistent cookie lasts beyond the current session and is used for many
purposes, such as recognizing you as an existing user, so it’s easier to return
LinkedIn and interact with our Services without signing in again. Since a
persistent cookie stays in your browser, it will be read by LinkedIn when yo
return to one of our sites or visit a third party site that uses our Services.
Session cookies last only as long as the session (usually the current visit to a
website or a browser session).

Pixels A pixel is a tiny image that may be embedded within web pages and emails,
requiring a call (which provides device and visit information) to our servers
order for the pixel to be rendered in those web pages and emails. We use
pixels to learn more about your interactions with email content or web conte
such as whether you interacted with ads or posts. Pixels can also enable us a
 Type of technology Description

third parties to place cookies on your browser.

Local storage enables a website or application to store information locally o

your device(s). Local storage may be used to improve the LinkedIn
Local storage
experience, for example, by enabling features, remembering your preference
and speeding up site functionality.

We also use other tracking technologies, such as mobile advertising IDs and
Other similar tags for similar purposes as described in this Cookie Policy. References to
technologies similar technologies in this policy includes pixels, local storage, and other
tracking technologies.

Our cookie tables lists cookies and similar technologies that are used as part of our Services.
Please note that the names of cookies and similar technologies may change over time.

What are these technologies used for?

Below we describe the purposes for which we use these technologies.

ENTER SUMMARY
Purpose Description

We use cookies and similar technologies to recognize you when you visit our
Services.

 
Authentication
If you’re signed into LinkedIn, these technologies help us show you the right
information and personalize your experience in line with your settings. For
example, cookies enable LinkedIn to identify you and verify your account.

Security We use cookies and similar technologies to make your interactions with our
Services faster and more secure.

For example, we use cookies to enable and support our security features, keep
your account safe and to help us detect malicious activity and violations of our
Purpose Description

User Agreement.

We use cookies and similar technologies to enable the functionality of our

Services, such as helping you to fill out forms on our Services more easily and
providing you with features, insights and customized content in conjunction wi
our plugins. We also use these technologies to remember information about yo
browser and your preferences.
Preferences,
features and  
services
For example, cookies can tell us which language you prefer and what your
communications preferences are. We may also use local storage to speed up sit
functionality.

We use cookies and similar technologies to customize your experience on our

Services.

Customized  
content
For example, we may use cookies to remember previous searches so that when
you return to our services, we can offer additional information that relates to yo
previous search.

Plugins on and off We use cookies and similar technologies to enable LinkedIn plugins both on an
LinkedIn off the LinkedIn sites.

For example, our plugins, including the "Apply with LinkedIn" button or the
"Share" button may be found on LinkedIn or third-party sites, such as the sites
our customers and partners. Our plugins use cookies and other technologies to
provide analytics and recognize you on LinkedIn and third-party sites. If you
interact with a plugin (for instance, by clicking "Apply"), the plugin will use
cookies to identify you and initiate your request to apply.

You can learn more about plugins in our Privacy Policy.

Purpose Description

Cookies and similar technologies help us show relevant advertising to you mor
effectively, both on and off our Services and to measure the performance of su
ads. We use these technologies to learn whether content has been shown to you
whether someone who was presented with an ad later came back and took an
action (e.g., downloaded a white paper or made a purchase) on another site.
Similarly, our partners or service providers may use these technologies to
determine whether we've shown an ad or a post and how it performed or provid
us with information about how you interact with ads.

We may also work with our customers and partners to show you an ad on or of
LinkedIn, such as after you’ve visited a customer’s or partner’s site or
application. These technologies help us provide aggregated information to our
customers and partners.
Advertising
 

For further information regarding the use of cookies for advertising purposes,
please see Sections 1.4 and 2.4 of the Privacy Policy.

As noted in Section 1.4 of our Privacy Policy, outside Designated Countries, w

also collect (or rely on others who collect) information about your device wher
you have not engaged with our Services (e.g., ad ID, IP address, operating syst
and browser information) so we can provide our Members with relevant ads an
better understand their effectiveness.

For further information, please see Section 1.4 of the Privacy Policy.

Analytics and Cookies and similar technologies help us learn more about how well our Servic
research and plugins perform in different locations.

We or our service providers use these technologies to understand, improve, and

research products, features and services, including as you navigate through our
sites or when you access LinkedIn from other sites, applications or devices. We
or our service providers, use these technologies to determine and measure the
 Purpose Description

performance of ads or posts on and off LinkedIn and to learn whether you have
interacted with our websites, content or emails and provide analytics based on
those interactions.

We also use these technologies to provide aggregated information to our

customers and partners as part of our Services.

If you are a LinkedIn member but logged out of your account on a browser,
LinkedIn may still continue to log your interaction with our Services on that
browser until the expiration of the cookie in order to generate usage analytics f
our Services. We may share these analytics in aggregate form with our
customers.

What third parties use these technologies in

connection with our Services?
Third parties such as our customers, partners and service providers may use cookies in
connection with our Services.

For example, third parties may use cookies in their LinkedIn pages, job posts and their
advertisements on and off LinkedIn for their own marketing purposes. For an illustration,
please visit LinkedIn’s Help Center.

Third parties may also use cookies in connection with our off-site Services, such as LinkedIn
ad services. Third parties may use cookies to help us to provide our Services. We may also
work with third parties for our own marketing purposes and to enable us to analyze and
research our Services.

Your Choices

You have choices on how LinkedIn uses cookies and similar technologies. Please note that if
you limit the ability of LinkedIn to set cookies and similar technologies, you may worsen
your overall user experience, since it may no longer be personalized to you. It may also stop
you from saving customized settings like login information.

Opt out of targeted advertising

As described in Section 2.4 of the Privacy Policy, you have choices regarding the
personalized ads you may see.

LinkedIn Members can adjust their settings here.

Visitor controls can be found here.

Some mobile device operating systems such as Android provide the ability to control the use
of mobile advertising IDs for ads personalization. You can learn how to use these controls by
visiting the manufacturer’s website. We do not use iOS mobile advertising IDs for targeted
advertising.

Browser Controls

Most browsers allow you to control cookies through their settings, which may be adapted to
reflect your consent to the use of cookies. Further, most browsers also enable you to review
and erase cookies, including LinkedIn cookies. To learn more about browser controls, please
consult the documentation that your browser manufacturer provides.

What is Do Not Track (DNT)?

DNT is a concept that has been promoted by regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Federal
Trade Commission (FTC), for the Internet industry to develop and implement a mechanism
for allowing Internet users to control the tracking of their online activities across websites by
using browser settings. As such, LinkedIn does not generally respond to “do not track”
signals.

Other helpful resources

To learn more about advertisers’ use of cookies, please visit the following links:

 Internet Advertising Bureau (US)

 European Interactive Digital Advertising Alliance (EU)
 Internet Advertising Bureau (EU)

Copyright Policy

Complaints regarding content posted on the LinkedIn website

LinkedIn respects the intellectual property rights of others and desires to offer a platform
which contains no content that violates those rights. Our User Agreement requires that
information posted by Members be accurate, lawful and not in violation of the rights of
third parties. To promote these objectives, LinkedIn provides a process for submission of
complaints concerning content posted by our Members. Our policy and procedures are
described and/or referenced in the sections that follow.

Please note that whether or not we disable access to or remove content, LinkedIn may
make a good faith attempt to forward the written notification, including the complainant’s
contact information, to the Member who posted the content and/or take other reasonable
steps to notify the Member that LinkedIn has received notice of an alleged violation of
intellectual property rights or other content violation. It is also our policy, in appropriate
circumstances and in our discretion, to disable and/or terminate the accounts of Members,
or groups as the case may be, who infringe or repeatedly infringe the rights of others or
otherwise post unlawful content.

Please note that any notice or counter-notice you submit must be truthful and must be
submitted under penalty of perjury. A false notice or counter-notice may give rise to
personal liability. You may therefore want to seek the advice of legal counsel before
submitting a notice or a counter-notice.

Claims regarding copyright infringement

Notice of Copyright Infringement:

Pursuant to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (17 U.S.C. § 512), LinkedIn has
implemented procedures for receiving written notification of claimed infringements.
LinkedIn has also designated an agent to receive notices of claimed copyright infringement.
If you believe in good faith that your copyright has been infringed, you may complete and
submit a Notice of Copyright Infringement form, or otherwise provide a written
communication which contains:

1. An electronic or physical signature of the person authorized to act on behalf of the

owner of the copyright interest;
2. A description of the copyrighted work that you claim has been infringed;
3. A description specifying the location on our website of the material that you claim is
infringing;
4. Your email address and your mailing address and/or telephone number;
5. A statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the disputed use is not
authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law; and
6. A statement by you, made under penalty of perjury, that the information in your
notice is accurate and that you are the copyright owner or authorized to act on the
copyright owner’s behalf.

Please submit your notice to LinkedIn Corporation’s Copyright Agent as follows:

Fill out our online submission form to contact the LinkedIn Copyright Agent
Or contact us by mail at:

LinkedIn Corporation
ATTN: Copyright Agent
Legal Department
1000 West Maude Avenue
Sunnyvale, CA 94085
USA

Counter-Notice:

If you believe that a notice of copyright infringement has been improperly submitted against
you, you may submit a Counter-Notice, pursuant to Sections 512(g)(2) and (3) of the Digital
Millennium Copyright Act. You may complete the Counter-Notice Regarding Claim of
Copyright Infringement form, or otherwise provide a written communication which
contains:

1. Your physical or electronic signature;

2. Identification of the material removed or to which access has been disabled;
3. A statement under penalty of perjury that you have a good faith belief that removal
or disablement of the material was a mistake or that the material was misidentified;
4. Your full name, your email address, your mailing address, and a statement that you
consent to the jurisdiction of the Federal District court (i) in the judicial district
where your address is located if the address is in the United States, or (ii) located in
the Northern District of California (Santa Clara County), if your address is located
outside the United States, and that you will accept service of process from the
Complainant submitting the notice or his/her authorized agent.

Please submit your Counter-Notice to LinkedIn’s Copyright Agent via our online submission
form or mail to the address specified above.

Claims regarding content other than copyright infringement

For issues other than copyright infringement please visit our Help Center where you’ll find
information on how to flag and report other types of content violations. Learn more:

 Reporting Inappropriate Content, Messages, or Safety Concerns

 LinkedIn's Trademark Policy
 LinkedIn's False Profile Policy

Notice regarding Associated Press content on LinkedIn: Associated Press text, photo,
graphic, audio and/or video material shall not be published, broadcast, rewritten for
broadcast or publication or redistributed directly or indirectly in any medium. Neither these
AP materials nor any portion thereof may be stored in a computer except for personal and
non-commercial use. Users may not download or reproduce a substantial portion of the AP
material found on this web site. AP will not be held liable for any delays, inaccuracies, errors
or omissions therefrom or in the transmission or delivery of all or any part thereof or for any
damages arising from any of the foregoing.