10

Science
Quarter 4 - Module 2
Behavior of Gases II
Science - Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4–Module 2: Behavior of Gases II
First Edition, 2021

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 10
Science
Quarter 4 - Module 2
Behavior of Gases II
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This
will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the
end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in
using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided to
our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you
on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read the
instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in
this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know
.................................

This module encourages you to explain the relationship between variables

of the different gas laws using kinetic molecular theory. Various activities are
provided for you to strengthen your knowledge and skills regarding the topic.
After finishing this module, you are expected to:
 derive formulas to find the unknown quantity of:
- Combined Gas Law,
- Avogadro’s Law, and
- Ideal Gas Law;
 calculate simple problems using equations of these gas laws; and
 relate these gas laws to practical applications in our daily lives and
to Kinetic Molecular Theory.

What I Know
.....................
Multiple Choice:
Directions: Read and answer each question/ statement carefully. Identify what is being
described. Write the letter of your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
_____1. According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of matter_______.
A. are in constant motion C. have molecules that are compact
B. have different shapes D. have the same color

_____2. To calculate pressure in ideal gas law, the derived formula is _______.
A. P = nR / TV
B. P = nRT / V
C. P = RT / nV
D. P = RTV / n

_____3. Why does the pressure inside a container of a gas increases if more gas is added
to the container?
A. A decrease in the volume happens when pressure is increased.
B. An increase in gas causes an increase in temperature, which affects an
increase in pressure.
C. An increase in the number of molecules striking the wall of the container at
the same period of time happens.
D. As the volume of the gas increases, the collision force between particles
and the size of the container increases.

_____4. This theory is based on the concept that particles of gases are always in constant
motion and explains the behavior of solids, liquids and gases.
A. Atomic Theory C. Kinetic Molecular Theory
B. Ideal Gas Law D. Newton's 1st Law of Motion

1
_____5. In order to solve gas law calculations, temperature must be expressed
in _____.
A. Celsius C. Kelvin
B. Fahrenheit D. None of the choices

_____6. A real gas most closely approaches the behavior of an ideal gas under
conditions of _____.
A. high P and low T C. low P and T
B. low P and high T D. STP

_____7. Standard pressure is equivalent to _____ .

A. 1 atm C. 760 atm
B. 76 torr D. 1000 kPa

_____8. In order to solve gas law calculations, gas content must be expressed in _____.
A. atmosphere C. mmHg
B. Fahrenheit D. moles

_____9. What happens to particles when the temperature is increased?

A. They move closer together and speed up.
B. They slow down and compress.
C. They speed up and spread out.
D. They stop moving.

_____10. What is 100 OC in Kelvin?

A. 100 C. 273
B. 223 D. 373

_____11. What variables are involved in Combined Gas Law?

A. pressure C. volume
B. temperature D. A, B and C

_____12. What are the two variables that are being studied in Avogadro’s Law?
A. P and V C. V and n
B. T and n D. V and T

_____13. Standard temperature is equal to _____ .

.
A. 0.0821 L atm/mole K . C. 1.50 L
B. 1 atm D. 273 K

_____14. A gas with a pressure of 1.0 atm is heated from 273K to 300K. The volume is
increased from 20.0L to 35.0L. What will be the new pressure of the gas after
being heated?
A. 0.63 atm C. 1.80 atm
B. 1.65 atm D. 0.92 atm

_____15. A weather balloon has a volume of 105L at 0.97 atm when the temperature is
318K. What will be the volume of the weather balloon at 293K and 1.05 atm?
A. 89.4 L C. 93.8 L
B. 90.32 L D. 93.93 L

2
 What’s In
...............

Let us make a review of the knowledge, concepts and ideas that you have
encountered and learned in Module 1. Are you ready?

Task No.1 Word Parts

Directions: Connect two to three syllables to form a word related to the past three gas laws
in module 1. Write your answers on the space provided below. Use a separate
sheet of paper for your answers.

VO LUS HAR LUME

GAY BOY TEM SAC
LES TURE PHERE LE
SURE KEL LI PERA
TERS AT MOS VIN
RIC PRES SURE LAW

1. _______________________________ 6. ___________________________________
2. _______________________________ 7. ___________________________________
3. _______________________________ 8. ___________________________________
4. _______________________________ 9. ___________________________________
5. _______________________________ 10. __________________________________

Task No. 2 Identification

Directions: Using the answers on Task no. 1, write the word/words that describes
each statement on a separate sheet of paper.

________________1. It is the unit used for volume.

________________2. It is the unit used for temperature.
________________3. It states that the volume (V) of a gas is directly proportional to
the temperature at constant pressure.(V1/T1=V2T2).
________________4. This law states that the pressure of a given mass of an ideal gas is
inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature.
(P1V1 = P2V2).
________________5. It is the hotness and coldness of a body. Celsius, Fahrenheit and
Kelvin are the units used In this quantity.

3
 What’s New
..................

Task No.1 Combine Me

Directions: Using Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law and Gay-Lussac’s Law equations, try to
complete the equation below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

BOYLE’S LAW CHARLES’ LAW GAY LUSSAC’S LAW

P1V1=P2V2 V1 = V2 P1 = P2
T1 T2 T1 T2

COMBINED GAS LAW

P1( ) = ( )V2
( ) T2

Task No. 2 If And Then

Directions: Study the 2 Gas Laws on the left side and then, infer what the formula on
the right side will be. Answers will be written on a separate sheet of paper.

GAY LUSSAC’S LAW CHARLES’ LAW AVOGADRO’S LAW

IF AND THEN,
P1 = P2 V1 = V2 V1 = V2
T1 T2 T1 T2 ( ) ( )
Pressure and Temperature Volume and Temperature Volume and number of moles
(P) (T) (V) (T) (V) (n)
directly proportional directly proportional directly proportional

AVOGADRO’S IDEAL GAS

BOYLE’S LAW CHARLES’ LAW
IF AND LAW
D THEN, LAW
V = k (constant) ( ) ( ) = R (k)
VP = k (constant) V = k (constant) ( ) ( )
T
n

Task No. 3 True Or False

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Write True if the statement is correct and False
if not on a separate sheet of paper.

_______1. Gas consists of collection of small particles moving in a straight line motion
and following Newton’s law.
_______2. The molecules in a gas do not occupy volume.
_______3. Collision between the molecules of a gas is perfectly elastic (there is no energy
gained nor lost during the collision).
_______4. There are negligible attractive or repulsive forces between molecules of gases.
_______5. The average kinetic energy of a molecule is constant.

4
 What Is It
..................
Behavior of Gases
Combined Gas Law, Avogadro’s Law and Ideal Gas Law

Combined Gas Law

Combined Gas Law is a combination of the following Gas Laws: Charles’ Law,
Boyle’s Law and Gay-Lussac’s Law. It shows how the three variables namely, Volume,
Pressure and Temperature are related to one another. The formula of the Combined
Gas Law is written as:
V1P1 = V2P2
T1 T2

Wherein :
P1- initial pressure P2- final pressure
V1- initial volume V2- final volume
T1- initial temperature T2- final temperature

HOW TO DERIVE COMBINED GAS LAW FORMULA:

1. If P1 is missing or the unknown variable
1. Copy the original formula.
P1V1 = P2V2 2. Cross multiply the variables T1 and T2 on the opposite
T1 T2 sides of the formula.
3. To isolate P1, divide both sides of the formula by V1
P1V1T2 = P2V2T1 and T2.
V1T2 V1T2 4. Cancel the variables V1 and T2 on the left side of the
formula.
P1 = P2V2T1 5. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive
V1T2 with the new formula.

2. If V1 is missing or the unknown variable

1. Copy the original formula

P1V1 = P2V2
2. Cross multiply the variables T1 and T2 on the opposite
T1 T2
sides of the formula.
3. To isolate V1, divide both sides of the formula by P1
P1V1T2 = P2V2T1
and T2.
P1T2 P1T2
4. Cancel the variables P1 and T2 on the left side of the
formula.
V1 = P2V2T1
5. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive
P1T2
with the new formula.

5
The derived formulas for combined gas laws are summarized below:

Unknown Derived Formula

P1 P2V2T1
V1T2
V1 P2V2T1
P1T2
T1 V1P1T2
V2P2
P2 V1P1T2
V2T1
V2 V1P1T2
P2T1
T2 V2P2T1
V1P1

Sample Problem:
The oxygen tank manufacturer used to produce 5.0 liters of oxygen tanks at 2000
psi (pounds per square inch) and 25 OCelsius. It is suggested that a 3.0 liters oxygen tank at
1500 psi is more marketable. What temperature is needed to produce a 3.0 liters of
oxygen tank at 1500 psi?

Steps in solving worded problems in combined gas law:

STEP 1. In dealing with mathematical problem. You must try to read and analyze the
problem carefully. Once done in reading, Write the data you gathered as the given.
Given:
V1 = 5.0 L V 2 = 3.0 L
T1 = 25 °C + 273= 298K T2 = ?
P1 = 2000 psi P1 =1500 psi
Note: In dealing with gas law temperature is always express in Kelvin.

STEP 2. After the data was gathered, the next thing to do is the formula transformation.
Write first the formula, cross multiply the variables that is found in the denominator,
multiply both sides of the equation with the variables that needed to be cancelled to isolate
the variables of interest. Finally, copy the remaining variables in the equation.
P1V1 = P2V2 , T2 = P2V2 , T1 T2 = P2V2T1 , finally T2 = P2V2T1
T1 T2 T1 P1V1 T1 P1V1 P1V1

STEP 3. Insert the proper value for every variables based on your given, together with their
respective units. After this, cancel all the units that are no longer needed in the
computation. Then compute and write your final answer. Note: Your final answer should
only be rounded off and express in two decimal places if it is not a whole number.

T2 = (1500 psi) (3.0 L) (298 K) = 134 K

( 2000 psi)(5.0 L )

STEP 4. Explain your answer using Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) of Gas.
Based on the computation, the temperature decreases which would have been
difficult to predict because the other two properties of the gas are also changing.

6
 In KMT, it states that the pressure are greatly affected with temperature (directly
proportional), If we increase the temperature, the pressure will increase and if we decrease
the temperature, the pressure will decrease.

VARIABLE INITIAL CONDITION FINAL CONDITION

VOLUME 5.0 LITERS ↑ 3.0 LITERS ↓
TEMPERATURE 298 KELVIN ↑ 134 KELVIN ↓
PRESSURE 2000 psi. ↑ 1500 psi. ↓

Figure 1. Shows a different situation wherein when the volume is decreased, the
pressure and the temperature inside the container increased.

Avogadro’s Law
In Avogadro's hypothesis, it states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional
to the number of moles of gas (or number of particles) when the temperature and pressure
are held constant. The mathematical expression of Avogadro's Law is:
V1 = V2
n1 n2

where n stands for the number of moles of gas and V is for volume.
If you are looking for V1, then, you can divide both sides of the equation by n 1.
The derived formula will be:
V1 = V2n1
n2
We can also use the cross multiplication method in finding the value of V 1.
We can simply place n1 on the other side of the
equation to leave V1 on left side since it is the
unknown.
Avogadro's Law can be observed when you blow up a balloon. By blowing up the balloon,
its volume increases because you are adding more particles or moles of gas to the balloon.
STP stands for STANDARD TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE where T is 273K or 0OC
and absolute P is 1.0 atm or 100kPa or 10 5 Pa or 1 bar.

Figure 2. Avogadro’s Law. With constant temperature and pressure, an increase

in the amount of gas will make the volume increase in size.
7
Here is how to derive formula of Avogadro’s Law:
If V1 is missing or unknown:
V1 = V2
n1 n2 1. Copy the original formula.
2. Cross multiply n1 and n2 on the opposite sides of the formula.
V1n2 = V2n1
3. To isolate V1 divide both sides of the formula by the variable n 2.
n2 n2
4. Cancel the variables n2 on the left side of the formula.
V1 = V2n1 5. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the new
n2
formula.

V1 = V2 If n2 is missing or unknown
n1 n2 1. Copy the original formula.
V1n2 = V2n1 2. Cross multiply n1 and n2 on the opposite sides of the formula.
V1 V1 3. To isolate n2 divide both sides of the formula by the variable V 1.
4. Cancel the variables V1 on the left side of the formula.
n2 = V2n1
V1 5. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the
new formula.

V1 = V2 If V2 is missing or unknown
n1 n2 1. Copy the original formula.
2. Cross multiply n1 and n2 on the opposite sides of the formula.
V1n2 = V2n1
n1 n1 3. To isolate V2 divide both sides of the formula by the variable n 1.
4. Cancel the variables n1 on the left side of the formula.
V2 = V1n2 5. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the
n1
new formula.

V1 = V2 If n1 is missing or unknown
n1 n2 1. Copy the original formula.
V1n2 = V2n1 2. Cross multiply n1 and n2 on the opposite sides of the formula.
V2 V2 3. To isolate n1 divide both sides of the formula by the variable V 2.
4. Cancel the variables V2 on the left side of the formula.
n1 = V1n2
V2 5. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the
new formula.

SAMPLE PROBLEM .
A 5.50 L sample at 26.0 °C and 2.00 atm pressure contains 0.500 mol of gas. What
will be the new volume of the gas if a 0.200 mol of gas will be added to its container at the
same pressure and temperature?
Step 1. Given:
V1= 5.50 L
n1= 0.500 mol of gas
n2= 0.500 mol + 0.200 mol =0.700 mol
Step 2. Unknown: V 2= ?
Step 3. Formula: V2 = V1n2
n1
Step 4. Solution:
The formula for Avogadro's law is:
V1 = V2
n1 n2
V2 = V1n2 = (5.50 L)(0.700 mol) = 7.70 L
n1 0.500 mol
Step 5. Analysis. As the number of moles increases from 0.500 mol to 0.700mol , the
volume also increases from 5.50L to 7.70L.
8
Ideal Gas Law

Pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gases are the four quantities
involved in this gas law. The constant in the equation which involves the 4 quantities is
symbolized by R ( the ideal gas law constant) R = PV
Tn
Where: R - Ideal gas law constant
P– Pressure
V - Volume
T - Temperature
n - number of gas particles/ molecules/ atoms

The formula is usually rearranged as

PV = nRT

The R or gas law constant is 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K (provided V is in L, P is in atm, T is

in K and n is in mol).
In the ideal gas law, just like other gas laws, the temperature must be expressed in
Kelvin. The ideal gas law does not require a change in the quantities involved in the gas
sample. In this law, if the three quantities are given, you can calculate the fourth quantity.

SAMPLE PROBLEM:
A 4.05 mol sample of He has a pressure of 1.50 atm at a temperature of 36°C.
What is its volume?
Before proceeding to the solution, convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:
36 °C+ 273 = 309 K
Step 1. Identify the given quantities in the sample problem:
n = 4.05 mol
P = 1.50 atm
T = 309 K
R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K
Step 2. Unknown: V
Step 3. Formula : PV = nRT, divide both sides of the equation by P, therefore, V = nRT
P
Step 4. Then solving for volume, we get
V = nRT . .
V = 4.05 mol x 0.0821 L .atm/mol .K x 309 K V = 68.50 L
P 1.50 atm
Step 5. Analysis. Under ideal condition, a 4.05mol of He under a pressure of 1.50atm and
36OC, requires a volume of 68.5L.

= R = R

Figure 3. Even if there is a change in all four quantities involved, the value of
the R remains constant.

9
 STEPS IN THE FORMULA DERIVATION PV = nRT
OF IDEAL GAS LAW

A. P = unknown variable

PV = nRT 1. Copy the original formula.

2. To isolate P, divide both sides of the formula by variable V.
PV = nRT 3. Cancel the variables V on the left side of the formula.
V V 4. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the
P = nRT new formula.
V

B. V = unknown variable

PV = nRT 1. Copy the original formula.

2. To isolate V, divide both sides of the formula by variable P.
PV = nRT 3. Cancel the variables P on the left side of the formula.
P P 4. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the
new formula.
V = nRT
P

C. n = unknown variable
1. Copy the original formula.
PV = nRT
2. To isolate n, divide both sides of the formula by variables R
PV = nRT and T.
RT RT 3. Cancel the variables R and T on the right side of the
formula.
n = PV 4. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the
RT new formula. Put the unknown variable n on the left side of
the equation.

D. T = unknown variable
1. Copy the original formula.
PV = nRT 2. To isolate T, divide both sides of the formula by variables n
PV = nRT and R.
nR nR 3. Cancel the variables n and R on the right side of the formula.
4. Copy the remaining variables and symbols to arrive with the
T = PV new formula. Put the unknown variable n on the left side of
nR the equation.

10
 The Kinetic Molecular Theory Postulates

The experimental observations about the behavior of gases discussed so far can
be explained with a simple theoretical model known as the kinetic molecular theory.
This theory is based on the following postulates, or assumptions.
1. Gases are composed of a large number of particles that behave like hard, spheri-
cal objects in a state of constant, random motion.
2. These particles move in a straight line until they collide with another particle or the
walls of the container.
3. These particles are much smaller than the distance between particles. Most of the
volume of a gas is therefore empty space.
4. There is no force of attraction between gas particles or between the particles and
the walls of the container.
5. Collisions between gas particles or collisions with the walls of the container are
perfectly elastic. None of the energy of a gas particle is lost when it collides with
another particle or with the walls of the container.
The average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles depends on the
temperature of the gas and nothing else.

What’s More
....................

Independent Activity 1

Familiarize yourselves with the formulas of the three

laws. What does each symbol represents? Remember
to write all answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Directions: Study the formulas carefully. Then, write the representation of the following
variables.

Avogadro’s Law GAS LAWS Combined Gas Law

V1 = V2 V1P1 = V2P2
n1 n2 T1 T2
Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

V1 ________________ R ______________ P1 _______________

n1 ________________ T1 _______________
V2 ________________ P2 _______________
n2________________ T2_______________

11
Independent Assessment 1
Directions: Identify the correct derived formula from the three given choices. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. P1V1 = P2V2 , find V2 V2 = P1V1T1 V2 = P1V1T2 V2 = P2V1T2

T1 T2 T2P2 T1P2 T1P1

2. P1V1 = P2V2 , find T2 T2 = P2V2T1 T2 = P1V1T1 T2 = P2V1T1

T1 T2 P1V1 T2P2 V2P1

3. V1 = V2 , find V1 V1 = V2n2 V1 = V2n1 V1 = n1n2

n1 n2 n1 n2 V2

4. PV = nRT , find T T = PVn T = nR T = PV

R PV nR

5. PV = nRT find P P = nRT P = nRV P = nVT

V T R

Independent Activity 2

Directions: Study the table below and then answer the guide questions that follow.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

V1 P1 T1 n1 V2 P2 T2 n2
CASE
(L) (atm) (K) (mol) (L) (atm) (K) (mol)
1 1.00 3.14 273 0.14 1.50 2.25 293 0.14
2 2 1.0 300 1.2 2.5 1.0 300 1.5

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. In case number 1, what happened to the final pressure when the final temperature
increased? ____________________________________________________________
2. According to KMT, an increase in the temperature enable molecules to absorb more
kinetic energy. In connection to this, their motion will be faster and as they hit the walls
of the container. What happens to its volume? ________________________________
3. What is the constant variable in case 1? _____________________________________
4. When the temperature is increased, what happened to the volume of the container of
the same gas? _________________________________________________________
5. In case number 2, what are the two constant variables? _________________________
6. When the number of molecules of a gas is increased, what happened to the volume of
its container? __________________________________________________________
7. The reason for number 5 observation is because with the same pressure and
temperature, there will be more molecules that will exert kinetic molecular force on the
container? Is it true or false? ______________________________________________

12
Independent Assessment 2

Directions: Match column A with column B. Write the letter of your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
A B
_____1. pressure A. standard temperature and pressure
_____2. volume B. 1 atm
_____3. temperature C. P1V1 = P2V2
_____4. STP T1 T2
_____5. the standard pressure D. 273 K
_____6. the standard temperature E. PV=nRT
_____7. Combined Gas Law F. 0.0821 L.atm
_____8. Avogadro’s law .
mol K
_____9. Ideal Gas Law G. the hotness and coldness of a matter
____10. Ideal Gas constant H. force per unit area
I. space occupied by a matter
J. V1 = V2
n1 n2

Independent Activity 3
Directions: Consider the problem below and answer the guide questions on a separate
sheet of paper.
A 0.075 mol sample of O2 has a pressure of 0.65 atm and a
temperature of 333 K. What is its volume?

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. What are the given quantities? ___________________________________________
2. What is being asked by the problem (the unknown quantity or variable)?___________
3. To be able to find the value of the volume, the ideal gas law will be used. Its formula
is: PV = nRT
What is the value of R? _________________________________________________
4. Derive the formula for V._________________________________________________

Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Using the problem in the Independent Activity No. 3, calculate the volume (V)
using your derived formula in guide question number 4. Show your complete
Solution on a separate sheet of paper. Encircle your final answer.

I. Given:

II. Unknown:
III. Formula:

IV. Solution:

13
 What I Have Learned
.................................
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the sentences. Choose
your answers on the box below. Answers will be written on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. The word kinetic comes from a Greek word “kinetikos” which means “to move”. The
kinetic molecular theory is based upon the assumption that particles of matter (atoms
or molecules) are in constant _____________ .
2. Of the three states of matter, the one that has the most kinetic energy is the
_____________.
3. Gas particles has the greatest _____________ from one another. Thus, there is no
attraction between the gas particles.
4. The Combined Gas Law shows how the three variables namely, _____________,
Pressure and Temperature are related to one another.
5. The _____________ Gas Law relates the four independent properties of a gas at any
time.
Ideal Combined distance motion gas
solid liquid Avogadro volume pressure

What I Can Do
.......................
Think of an application of any of the gas laws being discussed in this module.
Draw it in one short bond paper. Write an explanation on how gas molecules
behave in that particular application by stating what happens to volume, pressure,
temperature and amount of molecules inside the container. Use the format below.

Name: _______________________________ Section: ___________________________

Drawing:

Gas Law: __________________________

Explanation:
What happens to its
Volume Pressure Temperature Number of Gas Particles

Rubrics: This is how you will be graded. Maximum of 10 points can be obtained.
3 2 1 Total
Related to a gas law Not related to a gas law
Drawing
Creatively done Not so creatively done No color
Gas Law Correct Law was stated Not correct law was stated.
Explanation Explained fully Not explained fully Lack explanation of 1 to 2 variables

14
 Assessment
.......................
Multiple Choice:
Directions: Read and answer each question/ statement carefully. Identify what is being
described. Write the letter of your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

_____1. Kinetic comes from the Greek word “kinetikos” which means__________ .
A. to kick C. to move
B. to learn D. to stand still

_____2. According to __________, particles of matter are always in constant motion.

A. a gas law C. the Kinetic Molecular Theory
B. the laws of motion D. the motion of particles
_____3. Which is not a unit of temperature ?
A. Celsius C. Kelvin
B. Fahrenheit D. Millimeter of Mercury

_____4. One way to decrease pressure is to __________ .

A. increase the temperature
B. increase the K.E. of the gas molecules
C. increase the number of gas particles
D. increase the volume
_____5. Why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase when temperature is
increased?
A. An increase in the temperature causes an increase in the kinetic energy
causing an increase in pressure.
container at the same period of time happens.
B. An increase in temperature causes an increase in volume, which then
increases pressure.
C. As the volume of gas increases, the force of the collisions between particles
and the container increases.
D. As the gas pressure increases, the volume of gas decreases.
_____6. This law is based on the three laws of gases– Boyle’s, Charles’ and Gay-Lussacs.
A. Avogadro’s Gas Law C. Ideal Gas Law
B. Combined Gas Law D. Newton’s Law of Motion

_____7. What is 110 OC in Kelvin?

A. 223 K C. 283 K
B. 273 K D. 383 K

_____8. Which will have the greatest pressure considering that the volume of the four
containers are the same and different temperatures were applied ?
A. C.
9K 10 K

B. D.
12 K 14 K

15
_____9. The derived formula of n 2 in the Avogadro’s Law is ________.
A. n2 = V1n1 C. n2 = V2n1
V2 V1
B. n2 = V2 D. n2 = V1
V1n1 V1n1

____10. Standard temperature and pressure is equal to ________ and _________.

A. 0OC and 10 atm C. 273 K and 1 mmHg
B. 273 K and 1 atm D. 273 K and 10 atm

____11. What variables are not involved in Combined Gas Law?

A. volume C. temperature
B. pressure D. none

____12. A sample of gas was heated 50 K initially and increased to 100 K within a given
time. The volume is also increased from 2.0L to 3.0L. If the original pressure was
1.2 atm, what is the new pressure?
A. 1.2 atm C. 1.5 atm
B. 1.3 atm D. 1.6 atm

____13. A gas sample has a volume of 3.6 liters at a temperature of 200 K and a pressure
of 200 atm. Solve for the number of moles of gas contained within a container.
A. 43.85 moles C. 44.90 moles
B. 44.85 moles D. 45.40 moles

____14. An oxygen gas has volume of 10 L and contains .568 moles. What will be the new
volume of the container if .450 moles will be used to fill in the adjustable container?
A. 5.92 L C. 7.92 L
B. 6.92 L D. 8.92 L

____15. Which of the container will reach its maximum pressure considering that the
temperature is the same?
A. C.

B. D.

16
 A.
Additional Activity
...............................

Directions: Analyze the situation below and answer the question that follows on a
separate sheet of paper.

SITUATION:
Roy was a good basketball player at Obando National High school. He made it sure
that he is always in good shape by practicing different routines of the game. One cold day,
he forgot to bring his ball inside their house and left it in the basketball court on the
cemented pavement. On the next day, he found out that his ball suddenly deflated and can
not be used because it no longer bounce. Worried for the ball, he immediately pumped the
ball with air and he was surprised that there was nothing wrong with his favorite ball and
was able to use it again.
Question:
What caused the deflation of Roy’s favorite ball? Explain your answer briefly using gas
laws and Kinetic Molecular Theory in two to three sentences. _______________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

17
 18
WHAT I KNOW WHAT’S NEW
1. A INDEPENDENT AC-
2. B TASK NO. 3 TRUE OR FALSE TIVITY 3
3. C
4. C 1. TRUE 4. FALSE 8. N= 0.075 MOL,
5. C 2. FALSE 5. TRUE P=0.65 ATM,
6. D 3. TRUE T= 333 K
7. A
8. D 9. VOLUME
9. C WHAT’S MORE
10. D 10. .0821 L atm
.
11. D INDEPENDENT mol
12. C ACTIVITY 1
13. D V1= INITIAL VOLUME 11. V= nRT
14. A N1= INITIAL NUMBER OF P
15. A MOLES
V2= FINAL VOLUME
N2= FINAL NUMBER OF
WHAT’S IN MOLES INDEPENDENT
R= .0821 L.atm ASSESSMENT 3
TASK 1 (in any order) mol.K
P1= INITIAL PRESSURE I - GIVEN:
1. VOLUME T1 = INITIAL TEMPERA- n= 0.075 mol,
2. BOYLE TURE P= 0.65 atm,
3. CHARLES P2= FINAL PRESSURE T= 333 K
T2= FINAL TEMPERATURE R= 0.0821 L.atm
4. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
5. GAY LUSSAC Mol.K
II- VOLUME
6. PRESSURE WHAT’S MORE
III- V= nRT/P
7. LITER IV- 31.54 L
INDEPENDENT
8. DENSITY
ASSESSMENT 1
9. TEMPERATURE
10. KELVIN 1. V2 = P1V1T2 WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
T1P2
TASK 2 MOTION
2. T2 = P2V2T1 GAS
1. LITER
P1V1
2. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE DISTANCE
3. KELVIN 3. V1 = V2n1 VOLUME
4. PRESSURE N2
IDEAL
5. CHARLE’S LAW
6. GAY LUSSAC’S LAW 4. T = PV
nR ASSESSMENT
7. BOYLE’S LAW
8. VOLUME 5. P = nRT 1. C
9. TEMPERATURE V 2. C
10. DENSITY 3. D
INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 2 4. D
5. A
1. P2 DECREASED 6. B
2. VOLUME INCREASED 7. D
WHAT’S NEW
3. NUMBER OF MOLES 8. D
TASK NO. 1 COMBINE ME 4. INCREASED 9. C
5. PRESSURE, TEMPER- 10. B
P1(V1) = (P2)V2 ATURE 11. D
(T1) T2 6. INCREASED 12. D
7. TRUE 13. A
14. C
TASK NO. 2 IF AND THEN 15. A
INDEPENDENT
V1 = V2 ASSESSMENT 2
(n1 ) ( n2)
1. H 6. D
(P) (V) = R (k) 2. I 7. C
(n) (T) 3. G 8. J
4. A 9. E
.......................
Answer Key
5. B 10. F
 References

Bodner, George M. 2004. “How Was Avogadro’s Number Determined?” Scientific Ameri-
can. February 16, 2004. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-was-
avogadros-number/.

Briones, L.L., Templora, V.F., Tibajares, I.S. Jr. 2010. Chemistry Power Science and
Technology III, vol.2, Manila: St. Mary’s Publishing

ChemistryGod. 2019. “Ideal Gas Law: Equation, Constant, Derivation, Graphs.” Chemis-
tryGod. October 2019. https://chemistrygod.com/ideal-gas-law.

Mapa, Fidelino, and Rabago. 1999. Science And Technology Chemistry Textbook For
Third Year. 3rd ed. Metro Manila, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.
Bibliography

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2019. “Avogadro’s Law | Chemistry.” In

Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/Avogadros-law

W, David. 2014. “Introductory Chemistry - 1st Canadian Edition.” Opentextbc.ca.

Pressbooks. September 16, 2014. https://opentextbc.ca/introductorychemistry/.

19
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