06 Pneumatic Control System
06 Pneumatic Control System
06 Pneumatic Control System
5
Advantages of Pneumatics
Complete kit Adjustable Force
Weight Different bore cylinders
change the available
equal or lighter than force
comparable alternatives By adjusting the applied
Simple pressure you can
instantly adjust the
Review the manual that force
comes with the Durable
pneumatic kit and you’re No burned up motors – stall
ready to go with no damage
Strong Easy to expand
Force from 9 lbs to 180 once installed
lbs – easily adjustable
Typical Valve
Identification of the
component parts of a 8
7 9
typical 5/2 solenoid valve
with spring return 6
(Sub-base not shown)
(1) Solenoid (15mm) 5
(2) Piston
(3) Spool with disc seals
(4) Valve body 1
4 2
14 12
1
5 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
Spool Valve (dynamic seals)
This 5/2 valve has a spool fitted with disc seals
The seals move with the spool therefore they are called
dynamic
Normal position: port 1 is joined to 4 and 2 is joined to 3
Operated position: port 1 is joined to 2 and 4 is joined to 5
4 2
14 12
1
5 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
Spool Valve (glandless)
This 5/2 valve has a matched spool and sleeve. The fit is
so precise that seals between them are unnecessary
The tiny amount of air crossing the spool lands provides
an air bearing
The result is low friction and long life
4 2
14 12
5 1 3
14 5 4 1 2 3 12
Spool Valve (glandless)
This 5/2 valve has a matched spool and sleeve. The fit is
so precise that seals between them are unnecessary
The tiny amount of air crossing the spool lands provides
an air bearing
The result is low friction and long life
4 2
14 12
5 1 3
14 5 4 1 2 3 12
Spool Valve (static seals)
This 3/2 valve has a plain spool sliding within static seals
The O Ring seals are held in carriers fixed in the valve bore
and positioned by spacers (not shown)
The larger O Rings seal the valve bore with the carriers
The smaller O Rings seal the carriers with the spool
2
2
12 10
3 1
12 10
3 1
Spool Valve (static seals)
This 3/2 valve has a plain spool sliding within static seals
The O Ring seals are held in carriers fixed in the valve bore
and positioned by spacers (not shown)
The larger O Rings seal the valve bore with the carriers
The smaller O Rings seal the carriers with the spool
2
2
12 10
3 1
12 10
3 1
Other Valve Designs
Pressure Switch (pneumatic)
Relay to boost weak 2
12 10
signals
Relay for a pneumatic 3 1
time delay
2
When the signal at port 12 12 10
reaches about 50% of the
3 1
supply pressure at port 1,
the pressure switch
operates to give a strong
output signal at 2
For time delays at any
pressure only the linear
12 10
part of the curve will be
used giving smooth 3 1
adjustment
Pressure Switches
Pressure applied at port 1 2
12 10
acting on the differential
annular areas holds the 3 1
spool to the left
The weak or slowly rising
pressure of a signal
applied to port 12 needs
only to reach about 50% 3
of he pressure at port 1 to
operate the valve 12 1 2
Port 1 is then connected
to port 2
Removing the signal
allows the differential
force to reset the valve
Pressure Switches
Pressure applied at port 1 2
12 10
acting on the differential
annular areas holds the 3 1
spool to the left
The weak or slowly rising
pressure of a signal
applied to port 12 needs
only to reach about 50% 3
of he pressure at port 1 to
operate the valve 12 1 2
Port 1 is then connected
to port 2
Removing the signal
allows the differential
force to reset the valve
Pressure Switches (electrical)
This fixed value example
uses a built in single Fixed
acting cylinder to operate
a standard changeover Adjustable
microswitch
The operating pressure is
about 3 bar this needs to
overcome the combined
force of the cylinder and
microswitch springs
Adjustable pressure
switches are also
available
Logic “OR” Shuttle Valve
2
An air signal given to
either the left hand port 1 2 1 1
or the right hand port 1
will result in an output at
port 2
The sealing disc moves
across to seal the 1 1
exhaust signal line to 2
prevent loss of signal
pressure
1 1
Logic “AND” Shuttle Valve
2 2
A single air signal at
either of the ports 1 will 1 1 1 1
cause the shuttle to move ISO 1219-1 Popular old
and block the signal symbol symbol