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PEC Unit 1 Notes

The document discusses the basics of electronic communication including: 1. It defines electronic communication as the mechanism of sending, processing and receiving data by electrical means using electronic devices. 2. It describes the basic blocks of an electronic communication system including the information source, input transducer, transmitter, communication channel, receiver, output transducer, and noise. 3. It discusses transmission modes such as simplex, half duplex, and full duplex and compares their characteristics including data flow and performance.

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Mohit kadu
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480 views

PEC Unit 1 Notes

The document discusses the basics of electronic communication including: 1. It defines electronic communication as the mechanism of sending, processing and receiving data by electrical means using electronic devices. 2. It describes the basic blocks of an electronic communication system including the information source, input transducer, transmitter, communication channel, receiver, output transducer, and noise. 3. It discusses transmission modes such as simplex, half duplex, and full duplex and compares their characteristics including data flow and performance.

Uploaded by

Mohit kadu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

(NBA Accredited)

Course: Principle of Electronic Communication(22334)


Unit 1: Basics of electronic Communication
Faculty: Helina Tandel
1)Define Electronic Communication.
Ans. It is the mechanism of sending, processing and receiving data by electrical means.
Electronic devices are involved into the process of electronic communication. The transfer
of modes will be either current or voltage signal in electronic communication.

2)Draw block diagram of basic electronic communication. Describe each block in brief.
Ans.

Information Source
The source is the originator of data .It produces required message signal which has to be
transmitted. Example: human voice, pictures, temperature, pressure etc

Input Transducer
A Transducer is a device which converts one form of energy into another form.Input
Transducer convert nonelectrical signal into electrical signal Example: Microphone

Transmitter
It is device which converts the signal produced by the source into a form that is suitable for
transmission over a given channel or medium It carries out mainly two processes
1)Modulation :The original signal is superimposed on the high frequency carrier signal for
transmission.
2)Amplification It amplifies the signal to a sufficient level to drive the next stage

Communication Channel
It is a medium through which the signal travels from source to destination. There are two
types of communication channel
1)Wired Channel Examples: Co axial cable, fibre optic cable, telephone lines
2)Wireless channel Examples: Air, water, vacuum

Noise
It is unwanted signal that enters via communication channel. It is quite random and
unpredictable. Types of noise
1)External noise : Atmospheric noise ,Extra-terrestrial noise ,Industrial noise
2)Internal noise :Thermal agitation noise ,Transit time noise, Miscellaneous noise

1
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
(NBA Accredited)

Receiver
It is a device that receives the modulated signal from the channel and converts back to its
original form. It consists of following blocks
Mixer ,Detector ,Amplifier

Output Transducer
A Transducer is a device which converts one form of energy into another form. Output
transducer converts electrical signal into nonelectrical signal ( Sound ,Light, etc)
Example: Loudspeaker

2)What is electromagnetic wave .List different frequency ranges of radio waves with its
application.
Ans: It is created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. It
composed of oscillating magnetic and electric field. Electric and magnetic fields
are perpendicular to each other. The radio waves varies in different frequency range from
KHz to GHz. Different Frequency range with applications are shown below in the table.

3)Define Transmission modes in communication.Describe each mode with Example.


Ans.It is a process of transferring the data between two devices connected over a network
It is also known as communication Mode
Types of Transmission Modes
1) Simplex Mode
2) Half Duplex Mode
3) Full Duplex Mode

2
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
(NBA Accredited)

Simplex mode
The communication between sender and receiver occurs only in one direction
Example :Keyboard/Monitor

Half duplex Mode


The communication between sender and receiver occurs in both directions but
not simultaneously.
Example: Walkie-talkies

Full duplex mode


The communication between sender and receiver occurs in both directions but
simultaneously.
Example: Telephone

4) Compare simplex, half duplex mode and full duplex mode.


Ans:
Sr
Parameter Simplex Mode Half duplex Mode Full Duplex Mode
No.
It is the mode of It is the mode of It is the mode of
transmission in which transmission in which transmission in
1 Definition there is only there is bi-directional which again there is
unidirectional flow of flow of data but one bi-directional flow of
data at a time data
Data flow in case of Half duplex data flow Full Duplex data flow
Simplex Mode is is two-directional but is two directional
2 Data flow
unidirectional. one at a time. and is simultaneous.

It takes longest time It is better as It gives best


in data transmission. compared to Simplex performance as
but is lower as compared to that of
3 Performance
compared to Full- Simplex and Half-
Duplex mode of Duplex mode of
transmission. transmission.
Example Keyboard and Walkie-Talkie Telephone.
4
monitor.

3
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
(NBA Accredited)

5)Compare Synchronous and asynchronous mode.


Ans:

Sr
Parameter Synchronous Transmission Asynchronous Transmission
No
It is the type of transmission in It is the type of transmission in
which a common clock pulse is which the sender and receiver have
1 Definition
shared between transmitter their own internal clocks
and receiver
Data is sent in the form of Data is transmitted in the form of
2 Data Unit
frames or blocks byte or character
Performance Transmission of data is faster Transmission of data is slower as
3 and Cost as compared to that in compared to that in Synchronous
efficient Asynchronous transmission transmission
It is easy to design Synchronous The Asynchronous transmission is
4 Design
transmission. complex in nature and design.

6)Describe types of noise in detail.


Ans: There are two types of noise.
1) External noise :
This noise is produced by the external sources which may occur in the medium or channel of
communication
• Atmospheric noise (due to irregularities in the atmosphere).
• Extra-terrestrial noise, such as solar noise and cosmic noise.
• Industrial noise.(Noise generated by industry)

2)Internal noise :
This noise is produced by the receiver components while functioning. The components in
the circuits, due to continuous functioning, may produce few types of noise. This noise is
quantifiable. A proper receiver design may lower the effect of this internal noise.
• Thermal agitation noise (Johnson noise or Electrical noise).
• Shot noise (due to the random movement of electrons and holes).
• Transit-time noise (during transition).
• Miscellaneous noise is another type of noise which includes flicker, resistance effect
and mixer generated noise, etc

7)Define signal to noise ratio


Ans: Signal to Noise ratio: The ratio of the strength of an electrical or other signal carrying
information to that of unwanted interference is called as signal to noise ratio.
OR
Signal to Noise Ratio is defined as the ratio of signal power to the noise power at the same
point.
S/N= Ps/Pn
where, Ps=Signal Power
Pn=Noise Power at the same point

4
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
(NBA Accredited)

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