MALLA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE

EULERS METHOD

Name:P.HARSHITH AGASTHYA Roll No-22J41A05B7

Section:CSE-B Subject:LA&NM
 ABOUT EULERS METHOD
EULER'S METHOD IS A SIMPLE NUMERICAL METHOD USED FOR SOLVING ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (ODES) WITH A GIVEN INITIAL
VALUE. IT APPROXIMATES THE SOLUTION BY USING SMALL INCREMENTS OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE AND THE SLOPE OF THE SOLUTION AT
EACH POINT.

THE BASIC IDEA OF EULER'S METHOD IS TO START AT THE INITIAL VALUE OF THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE, AND THEN USE THE SLOPE AT THAT POINT
TO ESTIMATE THE VALUE OF THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE AT A SMALL INCREMENT OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE. THIS PROCESS IS REPEATED
UNTIL THE DESIRED VALUE OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE IS REACHED.

TO USE EULER'S METHOD, THE ODE MUST BE EXPRESSED IN THE FORM OF A FIRST-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION OF THE FORM:

DY/DX = F(X,Y)

WHERE Y IS THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE, X IS THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE, AND F(X,Y) IS A GIVEN FUNCTION THAT DESCRIBES THE RATE OF
CHANGE OF Y WITH RESPECT TO X.

THE EULER'S METHOD CAN BE EXPRESSED AS FOLLOWS:Y_{N+1} = Y_N + F(X_N, Y_N) * H

 example problem on eulers method
• Consider the differential equation y' = -2y + 4, with initial condition y(0) = 1. Use Euler's method with a step size of 0.1 to approximate y(0.5).

• Solution:

• First, we need to define the function f(t,y) = -2y + 4. Using Euler's method, the formula for approximating y at the next time step is:

• y_(i+1) = y_i + h * f(t_i, y_i)

• where h is the step size, t_i is the current time, y_i is the current approximation of y, and y_(i+1) is the next approximation of y.

• To solve the problem, we need to calculate the approximations of y at each time step. Using a step size of 0.1, we can calculate the approximations
as follows:

• At t = 0, y(0) = 1 (given)
 continuation of problem
• At t = 0.1, y(0.1) = y(0) + 0.1 * f(0, 1) = 1 + 0.1 * (-2 * 1 + 4) = 1.2

• At t = 0.2, y(0.2) = y(0.1) + 0.1 * f(0.1, 1.2) = 1.2 + 0.1 * (-2 * 1.2 + 4) =
1.36

• At t = 0.3, y(0.3) = y(0.2) + 0.1 * f(0.2, 1.36) = 1.36 + 0.1 * (-2 * 1.36 +
4) = 1.496

• At t = 0.4, y(0.4) = y(0.3) + 0.1 * f(0.3, 1.496) = 1.496 + 0.1 * (-2 * 1.496
+ 4) = 1.6176

• At t = 0.5, y(0.5) = y(0.4) + 0.1 * f(0.4, 1.6176) = 1.6176 + 0.1 * (-2 *