2000-CE

HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AUTHORITY

A MATH
PAPER 1 HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2000

ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS PAPER 1

8.30 am – 10.30 am (2 hours)

This paper must be answered in English

1. Answer ALL questions in Section A and any THREE questions in Section B.

2. All working must be clearly shown.

3. Unless otherwise specified, numerical answers must be exact.

4. In this paper, vectors may be represented by bold-type letters such as u, but

&
candidates are expected to use appropriate symbols such as u in their working.

5. The diagrams in the paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.

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2000-CE-A MATH 1–1

 FORMULAS FOR REFERENCE

sin ( A ± B ) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B

cos ( A ± B) = cos A cos B # sin A sin B

tan A ± tan B
tan ( A ± B) =
1 # tan A tan B

A+ B A− B
sin A + sin B = 2 sin cos
2 2

A+ B A− B
sin A − sin B = 2 cos sin
2 2

A+ B A− B
cos A + cos B = 2 cos cos
2 2

A+ B A− B
cos A − cos B = −2 sin sin
2 2

2 sin A cos B = sin ( A + B) + sin ( A − B)

2 cos A cos B = cos ( A + B) + cos ( A − B)

2 sin A sin B = cos ( A − B) − cos ( A + B)

2000-CE-A MATH 1–2 –1–

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Section A (42 marks)
Answer ALL questions in this section.

1
1. Solve >1.
x
(3 marks)

d
2. Find (a) sin 2 x ,
dx

d
(b) sin 2 (3 x + 1) .
dx
(4 marks)

1 1 −∆ x
3. (a) Show that − = .
x + ∆x x x ( x + ∆x ) ( x + x + ∆x )

d 1
(b) Find ( ) from first principles.
dx x
(5 marks)

4. P (−1, 2) is a point on the curve ( x + 2) ( y + 3) = 5 . Find

dy
(a) the value of at P,
dx

(b) the equation of the tangent to the curve at P.

(5 marks)

5. (a) Solve | 1 − x | = 2.

(b) By considering the cases x ≤ 1 and x > 1 , or otherwise, solve

| 1 − x | = x −1.
(5 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 1–3 –2– Go on to the next page

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 1+ 3i
6. Express the complex number in polar form.
3+ i
2000
 1+ 3i 
Hence find the argument θ of   , where θ is limited to the
 3+ i
 
principal values −π < θ ≤ π .
(6 marks)

7. α and β are the roots of the quadratic equation

x 2 + ( p − 2) x + p = 0 ,

where p is real.

(a) Express α + β and α β in terms of p.

(b) If α and β are real such that α 2 + β 2 = 11 , find the value(s) of

p.
(7 marks)

8.
B
D

O C Figure 1
A
In Figure 1, OA = i , OB = j . C is a point on OA produced such that
AC = k , where k > 0 . D is a point on BC such that BD : DC = 1 : 2 .

1+ k 2
(a) Show that OD = i + j.
3 3

(b) If OD is a unit vector, find

(i) k,

(ii) ∠ BOD , giving your answer correct to the nearest degree.

(7 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 1–4 –3–

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Section B (48 marks)
Answer any THREE questions in this section.
Each question carries 16 marks.

9. F

A
C B D

Figure 2
O

In Figure 2, OAC is a triangle. B and D are points on AC such that

AD = DB = BC. F is a point on OD produced such that OD = DF . E is a
point on OB produced such that OE = k (OB) , where k > 1. Let
OA = a and OB = b .

(a) (i) Express OD in terms of a and b.

1 3
(ii) Show that OC = − a+ b.
2 2

(iii) Express EF in terms of k, a and b.

(5 marks)

(b) It is given that OA = 3 , OB = 2 and ∠AOB = 60° .

(i) Find a . b and b .b .

(ii) Suppose that ∠OEF = 90° .

(1) Find the value of k.

(2) A student states that points C, E and F are

collinear. Explain whether the student is correct.
(11 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 1–5 –4– Go on to the next page

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 7 − 4x
10. Let f ( x) = .
x2 + 2

(a) (i) Find the x- and y-intercepts of the curve y = f ( x) .

(ii) Find the range of values of x for which f ( x) is

decreasing.

(iii) Show that the maximum and minimum values of f ( x)

1
are 4 and − respectively.
2
(9 marks)

(b) In Figure 3, sketch the curve y = f ( x) for −2 ≤ x ≤ 5 .

(3 marks)

7 − 4 sin θ
(c) Let p = , where θ is real.
sin 2θ + 2

From the graph in (b), a student concludes that the greatest and
1
least values of p are 4 and − respectively. Explain whether
2
the student is correct. If not, what should be the greatest and least
values of p ?
(4 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 1–6 –5–

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 Total Marks
Candidate Number Centre Number Seat Number on this page

If you attempt Question 10, fill in the first three boxes above and tie this sheet
into your answer book.

10. (b) (continued)

x
–2 O 5

Figure 3

2000-CE-A MATH 1–7 –6– Go on to the next page

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 This is a blank page.

2000-CE-A MATH 1–8 –7–

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11. (a) Let w = cos θ + i sin θ , where 0 < θ < π . It is given that the
5
complex number w 2 + − 2 is purely imaginary.
w

Show that 2 cos 2θ + 5 cos θ − 3 = 0 .

Hence, or otherwise, find w.

(8 marks)

(b) A and B are two points in an Argand diagram representing two

distinct non-zero complex numbers z1 and z2 respectively. Suppose
that z 2 = w z1 , where w is the complex number found in (a).

z2 z
(i) Find and arg ( 2 ) .
z1 z1

(ii) Let O be the point representing the complex number 0.

What type of triangle is ∆OAB ? Explain your answer.
(8 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 1–9 –8– Go on to the next page

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 1
12. Consider the function f ( x) = x 2 − 4 m x − (5m 2 − 6 m + 1) , where m > .
3

(a) Show that the equation f ( x) = 0 has distinct real roots.

(3 marks)

(b) Let α, β be the roots of the equation f ( x) = 0 , where α < β .

(i) Express α and β in terms of m.

(ii) Furthermore, it is known that 4 < β < 5.

6
(1) Show that 1 < m < .
5

(2) Figure 4 shows three sketches of the graph of

y = f ( x ) drawn by three students. Their teacher
points out that the three sketches are all incorrect.
Explain why each of the sketches is incorrect.

y = f (x)

O x
–1 4 5

Sketch A

Figure 4

2000-CE-A MATH 1–10 –9–

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12. (b) (ii) (2) (continued)

y = f (x)

O
x
–1 4 5

Sketch B

y = f (x)

O x
–1 4 5
–1

Sketch C

Figure 4 (continued)
(13 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 1–11 – 10 – Go on to the next page

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13.

B
ym
N R
)θ Q

100 m
A
xm

P
Figure 5
100 m

Two boats A and B are initially located at points P and Q in a lake

respectively, where Q is at a distance 100 m due north of P. R is a point
on the lakeside which is at a distance 100 m due west of Q. (See Figure 5.)
Starting from time (in seconds) t = 0, boats A and B sail northwards. At
time t, let the distances travelled by A and B be x m and y m
respectively, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 100 . Let ∠ARB = θ.

(a) Express tan ∠ ARQ in terms of x.

100 (100 − x + y )
Hence show that tan θ = . (4 marks)
10000 − 100 y + x y

(b) Suppose boat A sails with a constant speed of 2 m s–1 and B

adjusts its speed continuously so as to keep the value of ∠ARB
unchanged.

100 x
(i) Using (a), show that y = .
200 − x

(ii) Find the speed of boat B at t = 40.

(iii) Suppose the maximum speed of boat B is 3 m s–1.

Explain whether it is possible to keep the value of ∠ARB
unchanged before boat A reaches Q.
(12 marks)
END OF PAPER
2000-CE-A MATH 1–12 – 11 –
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2000

Additional Mathematics

Paper 1

Section A

1. 0 < x <1

2. (a) 2 sin x cos x

(b) 6 sin (3 x + 1) cos(3x + 1)

3. (b) − x
2x 2

4. (a) –5

(b) 5x + y + 3 = 0

5. (a) x = −1 or 3

(b) x ≥1

π π 2π
6. cos + i sin , −
6 6 3

7. (a) 2− p, p

(b) –1

8. (b) (i) 5 −1

(ii) 48°

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Section B

a+b
Q.9 (a) (i) OD =
2

OA + 2OC
(ii) OB =
1+ 2
a + 2OC
b=
3
1 3
OC = − a + b
2 2

(iii) EF = OF − OE
= 2OD − k OB
a+b
= 2( ) − kb
2
= a + (1 − k ) b

(b) (i) a . b = | a | | b | cos ∠ AOB

= 3(2)cos60°
=3
b . b = | b |2 = 4

(ii) (1) OE . EF = 0
k b . [ a + (1 − k ) b ] = 0
ka . b + k (1 − k ) b . b = 0
3k + 4k (1 − k ) = 0
7 k − 4k 2 = 0
7
k = 0 (rejected) or k =
4
7
∴ k= .
4

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 7
(2) Put k = :
4
7 3
EF = a + (1 − )b = a − b
4 4
CE = OE − OC
7 1 3
= b − (− a + b)
4 2 2
1 1
= a+ b
2 4

Since CE ≠ µ EF , C, E, F are not collinear. The student is incorrect.

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 7 7
Q.10 (a) (i) Put x = 0 , y = ∴ the y-intercept is .
2 2
7 7
Put y = 0 , x = ∴ the x-intercept is .
4 4

(ii) f ( x) is decreasing when f ′( x) ≤ 0 .

2
− 4( x + 2) − ( 7 − 4 x ) 2 x
f ′( x) =
( x 2 + 2) 2
4 x 2 − 14 x − 8
=
( x 2 + 2) 2
4 x 2 − 14 x − 8
≤0
( x 2 + 2) 2
(2 x + 1) ( x − 4) ≤ 0
1
− ≤x≤4
2

(iii) f ( x) is increasing when f ′( x) ≥ 0,

1
i.e. x ≥ 4 or x ≤ − .
2
1
f ′ ( x) = 0 when x = 4 or − .
2
As f ′( x ) changes from positive to negative as
1
x increases through − , so f ( x) attains a
2
1
maximum at x = − .
2
1
At x = − , y=4
2
∴ the maximum value of f ( x) is 4.
As f ′( x ) changes from negative to positive as

x increases through 4, so f ( x) attains a

minimum at x = 4 .
1
At x = 4 , y = −
2
1
∴ the minimum value of f ( x) is − .
2

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(b) y

1
(− , 4)
2
7
2
5
(–2, ) y = f(x)
2

7
4 5
x
–2 O

1
(4, – )
2

13
(5, − )
27

(c) Put x = sinθ , f (sinθ ) = 7 − 24 sin θ = p .

sin θ + 2
The range of possible value of sinθ is −1 ≤ sinθ ≤ 1.
From the graph in (b), the greatest value of f(x) in the
range −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 is 4.
∴ the greatest value of p is 4 and the student
is correct.
From the graph in (b), f(x) attains its least value at one
of the end-points.
11
f (1) = 1 , f ( − 1) = .
3

∴ the least value of p is 1 and the student is

incorrect.

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Q.11 (a) w = cos θ + i sin θ
w 2 = cos 2θ + i sin 2θ

1 1
=
w cos θ + i sin θ
= cos(−θ ) + i sin( −θ )
= cos θ − i sin θ
5
w2 + − 2
w
= cos 2θ + i sin 2θ + 5(cos θ − i sin θ ) − 2
= cos 2θ + 5 cos θ − 2 + i(sin 2θ − 5 sin θ )
5
Since w 2 + − 2 is purely imaginary,
w
cos 2θ + 5 cos θ − 2 = 0
(2 cos 2 θ − 1) + 5 cos θ − 2 = 0

2 cos 2 θ + 5 cos θ − 3 = 0
1
cos θ = or cosθ = –3 (rejected)
2

π
θ= ( 0 < θ < π )
3
Imaginary part
2π π
= sin − 5 sin ≠ 0
3 3
π π
∴ w = cos + i sin
3 3

z2
(b) (i) =|w|
z1
=1
z2
arg( ) = arg( w)
z1
π
=
3

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 z2 |z |
(ii) = 2 =1
z1 | z1 |
∴ | z 2 | = | z1 |
i.e. OA = OB.
∠AOB = arg( z 2 ) − arg( z1 )
z2
= arg( )
z1
π
=
3

Since OA = OB , ∆OAB is isosceles.

1 π π
∠OAB = ∠OBA = (π − ) =
2 3 3
∴ ∆OAB is equilateral.

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Q.12 (a) f ( x) = x 2 − 4 m x − (5m 2 − 6 m + 1)
Discriminant ∆ = (−4m) 2 + 4(5m 2 − 6 m + 1)
= 36 m 2 − 24 m + 4
= 4(9 m 2 − 6 m + 1)
1
= 4(3 m − 1) 2 > 0 ( m > )
3

∴ the equation f ( x) = 0 has distinct real roots.

4m ± ∆
(b) (i) x=
2
= 2 m ± (3m − 1)
Since α < β ,
α = 2 m − (3 m − 1) = − m + 1
β = 2 m + (3 m − 1) = 5m − 1

(ii) (1) Since 4 < β < 5 ,

4 < 5m − 1 < 5
5 < 5m < 6
6
1< m <
5

(2) Sketch A :
Since the coefficient of x2 in f(x) is positive, the
graph of y = f(x) should open upwards.
However, the graph in sketch A opens
downwards, so sketch A is incorrect.

Sketch B :
6
Since α = 1 − m and 1 < m < ,
5
6
1 −1 > 1− m > 1 −
5
1
0 >α > −
5
In sketch B, α is less than –1, so sketch B is incorrect.

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Sketch C :
 y = x 2 − 4mx − (5m 2 − 6m + 1)
 y = −1

− 1 = x 2 − 4mx − (5m 2 − 6m + 1)
x 2 − 4mx − (5m 2 − 6 m) = 0 – – – – (*)
Discriminant ∆ = (−4m) 2 + 4(5m 2 − 6m)
= 36m 2 − 24m
= 12m(3m − 2)
6
Since 1 < m < , ∆ >0.
5
As ∆ > 0 , equation (*) has real roots,
i.e. y = f(x) and y = –1 always have intersecting
points. However, the line and the graph in
sketch C do not intersect, so sketch C is incorrect.

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 100 − x
Q.13 (a) tan ∠ARQ =
100
tanθ = tan (∠ARQ + ∠QRB)
tan ∠ARQ + tan ∠QRB
=
1 − (tan ∠ARQ ) (tan ∠QRB )
100 − x y
+
= 100 100
100 − x y
1− ( )( )
100 100
100(100 − x + y )
=
10000 − 100 y + xy

PQ
(b) (i) At t = 0 , tan θ =
RQ
100
= = 1.
100
Since ∠ARB remains unchanged,
100(100 − x + y )
=1
10000 − 100 y + xy
10000 − 100 x + 100 y = 10000 − 100 y + xy
200 y − xy = 100 x
100 x
y=
200 − x

d y (200 − x ) (100) − 100 x(−1) d x

(ii) =
dt (200 − x ) 2 dt
20000 dx
= 2
(200 − x) d t
40000
=
(200 − x) 2
At t = 40 , x = 40 × 2 = 80.
dy 40000
=
d t (200 − 80) 2
25
=
9
25
∴ the speed of boat B at t = 40 is m s −1 .
9

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 dy 40000
(iii) From (ii), =
d t (200 − x) 2
dy
≤3
dt
40000
≤3
(200 − x) 2
200
200 − x ≥
3
1
x ≤ 200(1 − )
3

1 dy
When x > 200(1 − ), > 3.
3 dt
So it is impossible to keep ∠ARB
unchanged before boat A reaches Q.

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