LIST OF DOCUMENTS FOR BUILDING

PLAN APPROVAL
Form-A
Application for Permission for subdivision/layout or reconstitution or
amalgamation of land for building purposes. And for change of use of land.
From

(Affix stamp size photo-

Photograph of the
Applicant
To
The Competent Authority
……………………………………………………

1. I/We, hereby apply for permission for subdivision / layout or reconstitution

or amalgamation of land for building purposes as described in the
accompanying plans and drawings.

2. I/We, have absolute right over the land applied for and have not made any
encroachment on any government land.

3. The names of the persons employed by me/us for the preparation of plans,
and supervision of the work are as under:
a) The plans are prepared by Registered Architect/Engineer/Town Planner
---------------------------- [name]

b) The execution of the development will be supervised by Registered

Architect/Engineer/Town Planner--------------------[name]

4. I/We, have read the Building Rules applicable for the Local body wherein
the site lies and claim to be fully conversant with it; I/We will abide to the
provisions of the Building Rules fully.

5. I/We, shall fulfill my duties and responsibility in accordance with the

provisions of the Building Rules.
Signature of the
Date: Owner/Developer

Signature of Registered Professional

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1. Applicant's name :

2. Postal Address for correspondence :

Telephone number for communication :
Email ID

3. Applicant's right over the land to

make the proposed development :
(documentary evidence to be enclosed)

4. Development site address :

5. Extent of the site applied for :

6. Present use of the land and the existing :

Building if any [Please give details of each use]

7. Proposed use of land and/ the building,

[Please give details of each use] :

8. Whether the site applied for forms

part of/lies in an approved layout.
If yes, please give date of approval and
reference no, with a copy of the approved
layout plan duly authenticated :

9. Existing use of the adjoining lands in

The North -
The East -
The South -
The West -

10. The width and status of the abutting road

(i.e. private or public) :

11. Whether all the documentary evidences,

plans details, certificates required to be
enclosed with the application as per the
Building Rules have been enclosed :

Signature of Owner/Registered
Date :

Developer or
Authorised agent of the owner

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 Form-B
Application for Permission for carrying out construction of building or
structure, change of use of building.
From

To
The Executive Authority of Local Body (Affix stamp size
photo graph of
the applicant)
----------------------------------------------

1. I/We, hereby apply for permission for carrying out construction of building or
structure, change of use of building as described in the accompanying plans and
drawings.

2. I/We, have absolute right over the land applied for and have not made any
encroachment on any government land.

3. The names of the registered professionals employed by me/us for the

development are as under:

4. The plans have been prepared by Registered Architect/Engineer ---------

[Name and registration number]

5. The structural report, details and drawings have been prepared and supplied
by the Registered Structural Engineer --------------------- [name and registration
number]

6. The construction of the proposed buildings will be carried under the

supervision of the Registered Construction Engineer on Record ……………(name and
registration number)

7. For the foundation work of the High rise building, the services of the
Registered Geo-technical Engineer ………….. (name and registration number) will be
availed.

8. The construction work of a High rise building executed by Registered

Construction Engineer on the record will be under the independent quality
inspection programme prepared and implemented under the supervision of the
independent Registered Quality Auditor on record…………… (Name and registration
number)

9. I/We, have read the Building Rules applicable for the Local body framed under
the provisions of the relevant Act and claim to be fully conversant with it.

10. I/We, shall fulfill my duties and responsibility in accordance with the
provisions of the Building Rules.

Date : Signature of the Owner/Registered

Developer
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1. Applicant's name :

2. Postal Address for

correspondence :
Telephone number for communication

3. Applicant's right over the land to make the

proposed development (documentary
evidence to be enclosed :

4. Development site address :

5. Present use of the land and/ :

or the building
[Please give details of each use]

6. Proposed use of the land and/the building

[Please give details of each use] :

7. Whether the site applied for forms part of

/lie in an approved layout. :
If yes, please give date of
approval and reference no, with a copy of
the approved layout plan duly authenticated :

8. Existing building- Floor area - Number of

dwelling units –

9. Proposed building- Floor area -

Number of dwelling Units

10. Whether all the documentary evidence, plans details,

certificates required to be enclosed with the application
as per the Building Rules have been enclosed:

11. In industrial use machineries

a) Existing H.P.
Proposed H.P.
b) Number of workers- Existing Proposed
c) Whether detailed report on the raw materials used,
process and machineries involved, effluent discharge
methods progressed, product manufactured,
category of power consumption (i.e. LT/HT),
action taken and minimize its negative impact, if any,
or the environment, etc. enclosed

Date : Signature of the Owner/Builder

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 FORM-C
Form of undertaking to be executed by the land owner or power of attorney holder or
builder or promoter and structural engineer, architect, geo-tech expert and site engineer.

This deed of undertaking executed at ………….on the…………………day of ……………………20…..

by the landowner Thiru/Tmt/Selvi ……………………………………........................................
Son/Daughter of …………………………………....... aged…………………………..Residing at

No.………………………………………………………………..... (or) Power of Attorney Holder (or)

Builder (or) Promoter / Structural Engineer __________, Architect __________________, Geo-Tech
Consultant __________________ in respect of proposed development / construction made in
Door No._________, _________________ Road in the following S.No.

S.No. / R.S.No. / T.S.No. Block No. Village Taluk

in favour of the ……………………………………….(competent authority) having office at

…………………………………………. witnesseth as follows .

1. I/We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) have

applied for the Planning Permission for construction in the above premises by submitting an
application to the ……………………………….. (competent authority)in accordance with the planning
norms prescribed in these rules. I am associated with the project as Land Owner/Power of
Attorney Holder/Builder/Promoter. The extent of site as per document is _____ Sqm. and as per
Patta / TSLR / PLR / Handing over sketch _______ sq.mt.

2. I assure that I will put up the construction only in accordance with the
approved plan without any deviation and if any construction is later on found not in
accordance with the approved plan and any unauthorized addition is made, I agree for the
forfeiture of the Security Deposit which will be collected while issuing Planning Permission, and
also agree to demolish the such a deviation marked by the ………………………………………..
(competent authority) within thirty days after such notice, failing which, apart from forfeiture of
Security Deposit, the ……………………………………………………… may demolish or cause to demolish
such unauthorized or deviated constructions at the site under reference and recover the cost of
demolition from me.

3. I/We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) also assure
that the open space around the building to be left or the usage of the building, including the
car parking in ground floor, will be kept as specified in the approved plan and it will not be
converted into any other use except the purpose for which it is approved. If any structural
modification or usage differs from the approved plan, the competent authority is at liberty at
any time to remove any structural modification or usage and the Expenses incurred by the
competent authority is recoverable from me for non-compliance of their request or order.

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 4. I/We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter)
further assure that I will not convert any place of the construction in contravention to the
approved plan, especially in respect of car parking as specified in the sanctioned plan. At any
time in future, I will not convert the car parking on stilts by covering them fully, and use the car
parking space for any other purposes. If any construction work in car parking place, converting
them either as a flat or for any other purpose, is done either by me or by my successor or by any
other person to whom the said construction is transferred in future, without getting
appropriate order for doing so from the competent authority, the Authority is at liberty at any
time to take any action to remove any structural modification or usage and the expenses
incurred by the Authority is recoverable from me/my successor or from any other person to
whom the said construction is transferred in future.

5. I/We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) hereby

undertake that, I am, jointly and severally responsible with the Land Owner/Power of Attorney
Holder/Builder/Promoter to carry out the developments in accordance with the permission
granted and also for payment of Development Charges, Security Deposit, Scrutiny Fee and for
all other charges levied from time to time by the Authority and also liable for penal provisions
for developments made in contravention of the Development Regulations and these presents.

6. I/We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) assure

that I/We will pay the premium FSI charges as applicable in case the FSI area exceeds the
permissible FSI as per Development Regulations.

7, I/We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) assure

that I / We shall gift the OSR area as applicable or pay the equivalent land cost in lieu of OSR
area as per Development Regulations.

8. I/We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) assure

that I / We shall gift the Street Alignment Portion / Road Widening Portion / Link Road as per
the provisions in the Development Regulations to the Authority / Local body before issue of
Planning Permission.

9, I/We (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) hereby

solemnly affirm and declare that I / We are the absolute owner / owners / Power of Attorney
Agent / Lease Holder of the said property and it is not covered under the Land Ceiling and Land
Acquisition (in respect of Land Acquisition Act, 1894, The Right to Fair Compensation and
Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (Amendment) Ordinance,
2015, Land Reforms Act, 1961 and Land Ceiling Act, 1978)

10. We shall be liable for all future consequences in case of land falling under Land
Ceiling, Land Reforms or Land Acquisition.

11. I / We, (Land Owner or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) have
engaged the following as the consultant for the proposed development:

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 E-Mail ID &
Consultant Name and Address Registration No. Signature
Mobile No.
Architect /
L.S.Structural Engineer

Geo-Tech Expert
Site SupervisionEngineer

This is to certify that I the Architect / LS of the site has inspected the site at
S.No. / R.S.No. / T.S.No. Block No. Village Taluk

I, the Architect / Licensed Surveyor certify that

The ………………………..Road a butting the site under referenceispublic (Maintained by the Local
Body) and its width actually measures ………m in front of the site and qualifying width of
............................... is available for a length of 250m / 500m as shown in the Road width sketch
enclosed mentioning width of the road at regular interval of 25 m mentioning the landmark of
the stretch where width has been measured.

I have personally verified the site measurements on ground and dimensions given in the plan
correspond with the actual on the ground.

The residuary plot details including structures thereon evidenced by documents correspond
with the actual on the ground.

Distance between the site and nearby water body, if any, is _____ m.

Distance between the site and quarry / crusher, if any, within 500m is ------ m.

Distance between the site and burial ground, if any, within a distance of 30 m from a place
declared and used as a burning or burial place / ground is -----m.

The Street Alignment Portion / Road Widening Portion / OSR Area shown in the Site Plan
tallies to the dimensions in the ground condition.

The site approval for Non-High-Rise Buildings / High rise building is enclosed (in such cases
item No.1 to 7 does not arise).

The building plans prepared and submitted herewith satisfy the relevant provisions of
development regulations vide planning parameters compliance statement.

The site lies vacant (or) not.

The depth of the plot with reference to road level is _______ m.
HT / LT line passes through the site : Yes / No
(If yes, to be shown in the site plan)

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Topo Plan furnished showing the surrounding developments for a radius of 500 m
correspond with the actual on the ground.

The coverage of the building mentioned in the Plan is correct.

In case of non-issuance of NOC, I shall obtain NOC / remarks from the department's
concerned before commencement of the construction and comply the conditions stipulated
by the concerned NOC /Remarks issuing Department during the construction and submit
the NOC / remarks along with certificate from the concerned agencies on fulfillment of the
NOC conditions at the time of applying for Completion Certificate.

I, the Architect / LS to inform competent authority before the commencement of crucial

stages of construction viz.

Ÿ Earth work for foundation

Ÿ Foundation concreting
Ÿ Laying the roof of basement floor
Ÿ Laying the roof at each floor level
Ÿ After completing the finishing work

(White washing, colouring, fixing, water supply, drainage or other sanitary fitments) and
before obtaining regular connection for water supply / electricity.

I, the Architect / LS also undertake to communicate to …………………………

(Competent authority)Certificate to the effect that the construction is in conformity with the
plan approved by competent authority at the crucial stages mentioned above.

If any deviation to the approved plan is proposed to be made, I the Architect / LS shall obtain
prior approval of the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority.

I, the Architect / LS shall intimate ………………………….(competent

authority)immediately if for any reasons association with the project ceases

The above information furnished is correct. If any information furnished is found wrong, I am
aware that action shall be initiated against me and I shall not be henceforth allowed to sign in
the Plans for the Planning Permission Applications processed by GCC, Local Body, CMDA and
DTCP. To this effect an Undertaking shall be obtained from Architect / Licensed Surveyor and
owner.

SIGNATURE OF THE ARCHITECT /

ENGINEER

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We, (Owner / Builder / Structural Engineer / Architect / Geo-Tech Expert) certify that the
structural plans of the building meet the structural safety requirements for all situations
including natural disasters, as applicable, as stipulated under Part 6 Structural Design of the
National Building Code of India and other relevant Codes; T he design has been done after
detailed soil test and we are satisfied as to the adequacy of soil test carried out and the
information given therein is factually correct to the best of our knowledge and
understanding.

The site is fit for the proposed construction, it has been tested vide soil test report.
No......................... dt..................... done by ...................................

We,(Owner / Builder / Structural Engineer / Architect / Site Engineer) certify that the
development, erection, re-erection or making alteration in the building shall be carried out
under our supervision and we certify that all the materials (type and grade) and the
workmanship of the work shall be generally in accordance with the general and detailed
specifications, as per NBC standards and to meet out the structural design of the proposed
building.

We, (Owner / Builder / Structural Engineer / Architect / Site Engineer) undertake not to
continue construction without any supervision by the our Site Engineer and submit the report
to the local body.

I, (Landowner / Builder) certify to engage the above mentioned Engineers for the active
period of building execution and I hereby assure to give Revised Certificate in case of any
change of Engineer, I shall ensure no work is taken up in this period till required Engineers are
engaged by me.

In case construction work is entrusted by a Builders Agreement to a 3rd Party, I (Land Owner
or Power of Attorney Holder or Builder or Promoter) shall undertake to include these
conditions as part of the agreement.

Applicable incase of existing building within the site

I, (Structural Engineer / Architect / Site Engineer) hereby certify that the development,
erection, re-erection or for making alteration in the building has been carried out under our
supervision and we certify that all the materials (type and grade) and the workmanship of the
work was in accordance with the general and detailed specifications, as per NBC standards
and met out the structural design of the constructed building. The construction was made
under the supervision of Site Engineer and submitted the report to the local body
periodically.

I, (Owner / Builder / Structural Engineer / Architect) hereby certify that the building, has been
designed by me ………………………………………………and the Structural

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Design was made by Thiru……………………………………………………………… , to the approved plans
sanctioned in the Planning Permission No. ………………………… dated ……………………andt h e
Building Permit No………………………………, dated………………………….. The Building has been
constructed and completed under my guidance and supervision as per the structural design
furnished by the Structural Engineer engaged by us. I also assure and undertake that I have
signed in the plan and in “as on site” plan and the same is structurally safe and fit for
occupancy based on my personal assessment and certification of the Structural Engineer
engaged by us.

This deed of undertaking is executed by us on the…………………….day

of…………………………………….20………….with the full knowledge of the contents of this document.

E-Mail
Consultant Name and Address Registration No. Signature
ID & Mobile No.
Owner of the
land / Power of
Attorney Holder /
Lease Holder

Architect / L.S.

Structural Engineer
Geo-Tech Expert
Site Supervision
Engineer

1. DEPONENT Witnesses:

2.
Duly attested by the seal

Notary Public Government Rules & Regulations for a Construction Company

PDF Given FACEAT & P Common Construction Agreement

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GOVERNMENT RULES & REGULATIONS
FOR A CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

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 FACEAT & P COMMON CONSTRUCTION
AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE OWNERS AND THE
CONTRACTOR FOR CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING
THIS AGREEMENT made at Chennai dated on------------, between--------------
-------------------------------------expression shall unless repugnant to the
context or meaning thereof, be deemed to include his heirs, legal
representatives, executors and administrators) of the ONE PART and
Er.S.JAGADEESAN (M/s.TRINITY ENGINEERING ASSOCIATES) having
construction business at Chennai ------------------------------------------------
--- (hereinafter referred to as "the Contractors" which expression shall, unless
repugnant to the context or meaning thereof, be deemed to include its
successors and assigns) of the OTHER PART.

WHEREAS the OWNER is desirous of constructing a Residential building on its

vacant land bearing--------------------------------------------(hereinafter
referred to as "the said property") and the contractors have offered to construct
the same and also as specified in the site layout plans, preliminary sketch
designs, architectural drawings, structural drawings, service drawings and all
other detailed plans and drawings for the proper construction and completion
of the said works. The contractor will have to construct and complete the said
works as hereinafter specified upon as per our works order date and subject to
the detailed specifications, costing, terms & conditions as set forth (all of which
are collectively hereinafter referred to as "the said works") at the rate as
specified in the above referred works order of the built up area of the buildings
(hereinafter referred to as "the said contract amount").

AND WHEREAS The Owner has agreed to appoint the contractors for the said
works;

AND WHEREAS the contractors have requested the Owner to execute these
presents which he has agreed to do so.

NOW THIS AGREEMENT WITNESSETH AS FOLLOWS :

1. In consideration of the said contract amount to be paid at the times and

in the manner set forth in the Schedule of Payments hereto as per the works
order, the contractors shall on and subject to the said conditions, execute and

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complete the said works more particularly described in the works order here to
and shown on the said drawings, strictly in accordance with the general
specifications annexed hereto and marked annexure.

2. The Owner shall pay the contractors said contract amount or such other
sum as shall become payable at the times and in the manner specified in works
order.

3. For the purposes of this contract, "built up area" means the total covered
area of the building at floor level out-to-out measurement of wall surface
(architectural projection/Wardrobes etc., excepted) and shall be inclusive of
staircase and balconies. Stilt floor and Balconies shall be measured and paid per
sqft in a different rate as per the price summary sheet below.

4. It is hereby agreed that the contract amount shall be inclusive of

a) Technical supervision of the works. A full time qualified Site Engineer will be
at the site till completion for co-ordination between the client Architect and
shall be appointed by the Contractor.
b) Cost of all materials for construction.
c) Wages of labour, technical supervisors, all other workers and staff
required for execution of the said works in accordance with the costing, terms &
conditions as specified in the works order.
d) Cost of all electrical, Rain water harvesting, Sanitary, and plumbing (Both
hot and cold water) fittings.etc. Cost of the same is included in the price agreed
by the Contractor.
e) For the purpose of the Construction and the estimated contract value,
the Contractor has considered the drawings with reference ---------------------
----------------
f) Cost of all other items as specified in the works order.
The contract amounts are shown as reasonably possible for estimation purpose
and the actual billing will be based on the actual area measurement.

5. The detailed architectural drawings and other drawings shall be and

remain the property of the Owner. All the drawings shall remain in custody of
the contractors during the progress of the work and they shall deliver them to
the Owner on the performance of the said works or termination of the contract.

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6. The Owner may require alteration of the drawings and the nature of the
work by adding / modifying or omitting any items of work or having portions of
the same carried out. any major modifications from the plan, can be carried out
only on the written request of the Owner. The Owner shall make payment for
the differential excess charges arising out of the alterations, at such rates as
may be mutually agreed upon.

7. The contractors shall commence the work within 15 days of the handing
over of the site to them and complete the entire work within ----- months
thereafter, subject nevertheless to the provision for reasonable extension of
time as provided in the said conditions.

8. The contractors, while carrying out the said works, shall comply with the
provisions of all laws, rules and bye-laws for the time being in force affecting
the said works and will give all necessary notices to and obtain the requisite
sanction of the concerned local authorities in respect of the said works and will
comply with the building and other regulations of such authority and will keep
the Owner indemnified against all fines, penalties and losses incurred by reason
of the breach of the contractors of any such laws, bye-laws and regulations.

9. The Owner shall make all payments under this contract at Chennai as per
the works order.

10. The contractor will have to co-ordinate with an architect for construction
of the building and the payment will be released stage by stage after due
confirmation from the architect.

11. In case of any dispute or difference should arise between the parties,
whether in respect of quality of material used by the contractors or work done
or in respect of delay in completion of works or in respect of payment of extra
work required to be done and so executed or in respect of measurement of
work done or in respect of delay of payment to the contractors or touching the
interpretation, fulfillment of any of the terms of these presents or any other
matter arising out of or in connection with these presents or the carrying out of
the work, shall be referred to arbitration of two arbitrators, one to be appointed
by each party. The arbitrators shall appoint an umpire before entering upon the
reference. The arbitrators shall make their award within six months from the
date of entering on the reference.

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If the arbitrators do not make their award within the stipulated period or have
delivered to any party or to the umpire a notice in writing stating that they
cannot agree, the umpire shall forthwith enter on the reference and shall make
his award within three months of entering on the reference or within such
extended time as the parties may agree and in the absence of such agreement,
as the Court may allow. The arbitrators or umpire, as the case may be, shall be
entitled to consult any expert, after previous notice to the parties, the cost
whereof shall be borne by the parties equally. The proceedings of the
arbitrators shall be recorded in English, a copy whereof shall be furnished to
each party.

12. The provisions of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 so far as
applicable and are not inconsistent or repugnant to these presents, shall apply
to this reference to arbitration. The cost of the reference and award shall be in
the discretion of the arbitrators, who may direct by whom and in what manner,
the same or any part thereof shall be paid. The award of the arbitrators or
umpire shall be final and binding on the parties and the parties, their executors
and administrators shall on their respective parts obey, abide by the award and
shall not challenge on any ground excepting fraud or collusion or error
apparent on the face of the award. It is hereby agreed between the parties that
the parties shall resort to arbitration, before filing any suit for the enforcement
of any right under these presents.
.
13. The Contractor hereby agrees to follow all Safety norms at the work site,
like using of Safety helmets, by all including the workmen as well as Supervisors,
Project Managers, visitors, etc

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 SPECIFICATIONS:
Sl Classifications
Specifications
No.
1 Structure RCC framed structure based on Architectural /
Structural design to ground, First, second & head
room. Height of each floor, Grade of concrete,
thickness of slab, openings, and coverings and
other reinforcement and mix design details shall
be as per Structural designer. River sand/M Sand
shall be used concreting and other civil works.

02 Basement Basement height of 2'6” from existing

Road level. Filling by pit Sand and 6” depth quarry
dust filling with consolidation and P.C.C. 1:4:8

03 Anti-termite: Anti-termite treatment at (1) foundation stage,

(2) Ground floor P.C.C Stage.

04 Brick-work a. First class good quality bricks work in

cement mortar
(CM) 1:5 Ratio.
b. All partitions work 0.115m thick using
CM (1:4) with 2 nos of 8 mm rod at every 4th
layer.

05 Plastering: a) Internal: 12mm thick Cement mortar 1:4

Ratio.
b) External: 15 – 18mm thick Cement mortar 1:4
06 Flooring ratio.
c) Ceiling: 10mm thick in Cement mortar 1:3
ratio.
All floors – Kajaria/Somani/Johnson/
RAK or equivalent brand of Vitrified Tiles 2' x 2'
(basic cost Rs.50/- per sqft.)

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 Sl Classifications
Specifications
No.
a) Main Hall & Dining in I floor, vitrified Tiles
(Kajaria/Somani/Johnson/RAK or equivalent
- Basic Cost – 60 / Sqft)
b) Granite/Marble flooring @ Rs 80 /-per sqft to
be provided for the staircase area as per
Architects drawing / instruction. (Basic cost
Rs.80/ -per sqft)
Granite slabs with nosing for steps. Edges &
sides shall be double thickness with required
no. of grooves as required by the owner.
Granite steps shall start from Ground floor to
2nd floor.

Dadoing a) Kitchen: Granite platform of 20 mm thick

with half round nosing branded, ISI Brand stainless
steel sink with drain board with plain glazed tiles up
to 2 feet height from platform level. (Granite Black
Rs.120 per Sqft., wall tile Rs.35/- per sqft.)

b) All Toilet Walls –2'x1' Tiles Kajaria / Somani /

Johnson/RAK or equivalent brand make up to roof
level height – Toilets (Basic cost Rs.40/- per sqft.)

c) Wash area: glazed tiles up to full height.

(Basic cost of tiles @ Rs.35 /- per sqft.)

a) Main doors to be in first quality Teak frame

08 Doors &
(Clear Opening Size 7'x3' 6”) 125mm x 75 mm with
Windows:
38mm thick Architect designed door with heavy
duty brass fittings-6” hinges a minimum of 5 nos,
tower bolt 2 Nos, all drops and Godrej lock, nylon
bush, magnetic catch, safety chain & door stopper,
including 3 Nos. of heavy duty MS hold fast in each
side.

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 Sl Classifications
Specifications
No.
b) Bedroom & Other doors : Clear Opening size
– 7'x3'
c) Providing & fixing of 32mm thick Approved
make kutty or equivalent flush door with Teak
wooden frame of size 100 x 75mm with 3 nos of M S
hold fasts per side and also to have 2 Nos of 125 mm
long 8mm dia tower bolts, 4nos of 125mm heavy
duty hinges, 1 No door stopper (or) 1 No magnetic
catch wherever required etc, complete.

d) Toilet: - do – as above with water proof flush/PVC

door with 2 Nos tower bolts and 4 nos of Hinges

e) Windows: Good Quality UPVC windows with 4

mm thick plain glass including MS grill etc.,
complete as per the architects with necessary needs.
Width and height shall be architect or as per the
owner.

09 Ventilators: UPVC good Quality ventilators with 4 mm glass

louvers& exhaust fan openings shall be separately
10 Weathering made in the wall.
course
& Water a) Thoroughly prepare surfaces & lay to proper
proofing: slopes ½” brick jelly in lime 2:1 beaten down to an
(Additional average finished thickness of 4”/3” with the addition
Cost ) of jiggery and kadukkai and supplying and fixing in
position flat pressed tiles(1st quality TILES -
8”X8”/9”X9”)set in cm 1:3 mixed with crude oil 5%
the weight of cement used and pointed with the
same oiled mortar at roof over SF including
flashings at corners of slab and parapet.

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 Sl Classifications
Specifications
No.
Approved water proofing at roof to be done prior
fixing of tiles.
b) Interior – Birla or equivalent patty with Berger /
Asian/ICI Premium emulsion paint
c) Exterior – apex Weather Proof Emulsion
Toilet sunken: Plastering with Cm (1:3) 20mm thick
admixed with approved admixture, curing and
testing and filling with brick jelly concrete (1:4:8)
etc., complete.
11 Miscellaneous a) Provision for open cupboards in bedroom only.
b) Staircase/inner courtyard handrails will be of
MS. as per attached photo.
c) 4' clear ht parapet wall of 41/2” thick brick wall
measured from the finished water proofing level.
d) All side balconies are MS grill with railing as per
the architects requirements
e) Air-conditioner provision on split in all
bedrooms, living and dining with necessary drain
arrangements connected to proper drain line.
Providing shelves in store & pooja with 5 Nos 20mm
thick quality cuddappah slab & necessary brick wall
& plastering

a). Chambers : 600 x 600 and 900 x 600 with SFRC

12 Plumbing frame and cover and gully chambers.
Sanitary b) Drainage line, waste line should be 2.5”, 4' and 6”
& Water Supply: approved brand pvc pipe, Prince or Star make,
including connection to existing main chambers.
(Excluding Metro, SW Board charges).
c) All cold water supply pipes and all external and
Internal pipes shall be of approved make UPVC and
hot water supply lines will be of CPVC of standard
quality.
d) Rain water pipes Prince or Star (or) equivalent will
be of 110mm dia PVC of Standard grade with ISI.

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 Sl Classifications Specifications
No.

e) One wash basin in the dining room with all fittings

& pipes.( Basic cost Rs 1200 per no)
f) METRO /PARRYWARE CP fitting in all bath, toilets,
service and kitchen areas.
g) All ceramic/Porcelain sanitary wares will be of
half white colour (Parry ware or equivalent).
h) Provide wall mounted Cascade EWC with low
level or floor mounted cascade with flushing cistern
in all bathrooms. ( Basic cost Rs 8000 per no).

13 Electrical works: a) Anchor Roma/GM or equivalent Make Modular

(Electrical as per switches.
the electrical b) Good quality copper wires Kundan (or) Orbit
drawing ) Make.
c) 2 Light points, 1 Fan point, 2 Tube Light with 5
plug 5 Ampere in each room. 15amp AC provision
will be included with MS Grill in bedrooms and as
required by the owner.
d) Hall : 2 fan, 2 light, 1 chandelier, 5A socket 6,15A
socket 4and as required by the owner.
e) Kitchen to have Four 5 ampere, Four 15A, two
light and fan with exhaust fan point including
chimney point.
f) Toilet to have one light, one exhaust fan, one 15
Amp for geyser & one 5 ampere point.
g) Utility to have two 5 ampere, 15Amp point, one
light point.
h)Calling bell point for multipurpose from each floor
apart from the regular provisions

14 Telephone & TV, Required no in living and in all bedrooms. Calling

cable wire Point. bell arrangements from I floor to 2nd floor along
Kitchen wiring with regular calling bell.
shall
be done.
15 Rain Water Lump sum as per norms- Quoted rate should also
harvesting include required rain harvesting well.

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 Sl Classifications Specifications
No.

16 Car Parking: Parking Tile flooring, while constructing the car

parking area. Design including colour shall be as
per the architect's instruction.

17 Painting: Interior wall: Necessary coat Birla or Equivalent

patty and primer with two or more coat plastic
emulsion Paint (Asian or Nippon of approved
colour).
Ceiling: One Coat primer with two or more coat
plastic emulsion paint. (Asian or Nippon of
approved colour).
All internal wall painting to be done with roller.
External: 2 coats of Apex paint of approved colour
as per elevation.
Joinery: 1 coat primer with patty and 2 coats
enamel paint of approved color.
Iron Work: 1 coat primer and 2 coats of synthetic
paint of approved colorNecessary coat Birla or
Equivalent patty and primer with two or more coat
plastic emulsion Paint (Asian or Nippon of approved
colour).

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 ANNEXURE II
TERMS AND CONDITIONS :
1. All construction area calculations are based on the given drawings. The work
is to be carried out as per the drawing provided by the architect. Any deviation
is to be done only on specific written request and approval of both the architect
and client. Discrepancy in drawings should be brought to the notice of the
architect before work is executed.
2. The area for payment is the calculated plinth area including head room as
mentioned in
the drawing.
3. Water and Electricity will be supplied at free of cost by client
4. An interest free mobilization advance of10% of the contracted value shall be
paid
5. All statutory taxes applicable and will be under the scope of the contractor.
6. Works are to be carried out as per respective Indian standard and as per the
manufacturer's specifications.
7. The following brand of materials are to be used:
a. CEMENT (OPC 53 GRADE): :
DALMIA KCP, BHARATHI, ZUARI, CHETTINADU, ULTRATEC
b. REINFORCEMENT STEEL :
KAMAKSHI, AMMAN, SSI, ARS & Any ISI MATERIALS.
c. TEAK WOOD : TEAK FIRST QUALITY
d. TEAK WOOD :
TEAK WOOD FOR DOOR AND WINDOW - ALL FRAMES BY TEAK ONLY
e. FLOORING & DADO : AS PER SPECIFICATION

8. Any disputes arising during the execution

of the contract would be referred to and
settled by the project architect.

9. Technical specification for the Elevation

works not included in the above, however
based on the proposed elevation an
estimate is given. The final cost for the
elevation will be calculated after getting
the perspective view of the building
(given by Architects). However, required
RCC drops, padthis on the balcony,
front elevation shall be included in the
contractor's scope with regular finishes.

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 ANNEXURE II
10. Land /Space for workers to be provided by
client with one point of electricity & water at free of cost.
11. ESI, PF, CAR Policy, all taxes not included in the rate.
12. M sand only considered if river sand required extra cost will be
applicable.
13. Duration 8 months

BASIC RATES :
CEMENT : Rs.380/- per bag
STEEL : Rs.43, 500/- per MT
BRICKS : Rs. 20,500/- per 3,000/- Nos.
FIRST QUALITY TEAK WOOD : Rs. 4,500/- per Cft.

APPROXIMATE AREA STATEMENT

We referred the drawing :
Ground Floor - Parking 1450 sqft
First Floor - 1900 Sqft
Second floor - 1000 Sqft
Head Room - 100 sqft

Construction Rate per Sqft

Car Parking Area - Rs 1400 per sqft
Building Rs 1850 per sqft
Rate for Sump, Septic Tank & OHT Rs. 20.00 per ltr.
Compound wall 5' ht Rs.1500/rft

PAYMENT SCHEDULE :
Stage Description Percentage Amount
Stage 1 Mobilization Advance 10%
Stage 2 On completion of basement 15%
Stage 3 On completion of ground floor roof slab 10%
Stage 4 On completion of 1st floor roof slab 10%
Stage 5 On completion of Second roof slab 10%
Stage 6 On completion of brick work, 10%
lintels, lofts & sunshades
Stage 7 Plastering and Joineries 12%
Stage 8 completion of flooring 7%
Stage 9 On completion of Plumbing & Electrical 8%
Stage 10 On completion of painting 5%
Stage 11 Handling over 3%

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IN WITNESS WHERE OF the employer has set his hands to these presents and a
duplicate here of and the contractors have caused its common seal to be affixed
here unto and a duplicate here of the day and the year first here in above
written.

Witnesses;
Signed and delivered by the
1 hand of Owner

M/s. TRINITY ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION PVT LTD

Contractor Seal

Signatures

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 CIVIL ENGINEERING ABBREVIATION
The common abbreviation used in civil engineering are as
follows.
A.B – Anchor Bolt or Asbestos Board
AC – Asphalt Concrete
A.S.C – Allowable Stress of concrete.
A.S.T.M – American society for testing materials
AC – Asbestos cement AE – Assistant Engineer
APM – Assistant Project Manager B.M – Benchmark
B.M – Bending moment BLK – Block Work
BOQ – Bill of Quantities BRW – Brick Retaining Wall
BWK – Brick Work B.O.F – Bottom of Foundation
CHK – Bedroom, Hall, Kitchen C.I.Pipe – Cast iron pipe.
C.I.Sheet – Corrugated Iron sheet. CL- Centre Line
CRW – Concrete Retaining Wall CBW – Concrete Block Wall
CIP – Cast In Place CMU – Concrete Masonry Unit
CJ – Construction Joint CC – Centre To Centre
CC – Cement concrete CE – Chief Engineer
CP – Cement plaster. CPM – Critical path method.
CS – Comparative statement D – Diameter
DL – Development Length Dia – Diameter
DIM – Dimension D.L – Dead load.
DPC – Damp proof course. DPR – Daily Progress Report
DRG – Drawings DWLS – Dowels
EJ – Expansion Joint E.L – Environmental load.
EL – Existing Load EGL – Existing ground level.
ELCB – Earth Leak Circuit Breaker F.M – Fineness Modulus.
Ft – Foot or Feet FL – Floor Level
FGL – Formation ground level. FOC – Factor of Safety
GL – Ground Level GL – Ground level.
GP – Ground plane. HFL – Highest Flood Level.
HAC – High Alumina Cement HP – Horizontal plane.
IOM – Inter Office Memo ISI – Indian Standard Institute.
JE – Junior Engineer JST – Joist
Kg – Kilogram. L.L – Live load.
LW – Light Weight LWC – light Weight Concrete
LC – Lime concrete M – Meter
MM – Millimeter MB – Measurement book.
MCB – Miniature Circuit Breaker
MEP – Mechanical Electrical Plumbing

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MFL – Maximum Flood Level MRC – Material Receipt Challan
MT – Metric Tonnes N – Newton
NCF – Neat cement finishing OPC – Ordinary Portland Cement
OGL – Original ground level. OSR – Open Space Reservation Area
PC – Pile Cap PC – Precast Concrete
PCC – Plain Cement Concrete
PERT – Programme Evaluation and Review Technique.
PL – Plinth level PM – Project Manager
PO – Purchase Order PPE – Personal Protective Equipment
PPR – Poly Propylene Random. PVC – Poly vinyl chloride
PSF – Pound Per Square Foot PSI – Pound Per Square Inch
PWD – Permanent Works Engineer QC – Quality control
QS – Quantity Surveyor RC – Reinforced Concrete
R.B.W – Reinforced brick work. RBC – Reinforced Brick concrete.
RCC – Reinforced Cement Concrete RMC – Ready Mixed Concrete.
RL – Reduced level. SCC – Self Compacting Concrete
STP – Sewage Treatment Plant SRC – Sulphate Resisting Cement
SWG – Standard wire gauge. TB – Tie Beam
TBM – Tunnel Boring Machine TDS – Total Dissolved Solids
TOB – Top of Beam TMT – Thermo Mechanical Treatment
TOC – Top of Concrete TOW – Top of Wall
U.S.C – Ultimate stress of concrete.
UPVC – Unplasticized Polyvinyl chloride.
USD – Ultimate strength design. VP – Vertical plane.
W.C – Water closet. WL – Working Level
W.S.D – Working stress Design WO – Work Order

Some more Abbreviations used in Civil Engineering.

DPC - Damp proof course RCC - Reinforced cement concrete.
RBC - Reinforced Brick concrete. R.B.W - Reinforced brick work.
C.I.Sheet - Corrugated Iron sheet. C.I.Pipe - Cast iron pipe.
NCF - Neat cement finishing. SWG - Standard wire gauge.
MB - Measurement book GP - Ground plane.
VP - Vertical plane. HP - Horizontal plane.
CP - Cement plaster LC - Lime concrete.
CC - Cement concrete. AC - Asbestos cement.
CS - Comparative statement
PERT - Programme Evaluation and Review Technique.

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 CPM - Critical path method . USD - Ultimate strength design.
W.S.D - Working stress design. PL - Plinth level.
GL - Ground level. EGL - Existing ground level.
OGL - Original ground level . FGL - Formation ground level.
HFL - Highest flood level. RL - Reduced level.
A.C.I - American concrete institute.
A.A.S.H.T.O - American Association of state highway Transport Official.
A.R.E.A - American Railway engineering association.
A.S.T.M - American society for testing materials.
ISI - Indian standard institute. W.C - Water closet.
B.M - Bending moment. L.L - Live load.
D.L - Dead load. E.L - Environmental load.
U.S.C - Ultimate stress of concrete. A.S.C - Allowable Stress of concrete.
F.M - Fineness modulus. . B.M - Bench mark.
. PVC - Poly vinyl chloride.
. UPVC - Unplasticized Poly vinyl chloride.
. PPR - Poly Propylene Random.

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 ENGINEERING FORMULA

Statistics Mode

Place data in ascending order.

Mean Mode = most frequently occurring value
∑x If two values occur at the maximum frequency the
data set is bimodal.
If three or more values occur at the maximum
µ = mean value frequency the data set is multi-modal.
Σxi = sum of all data values (x1, x2, x3, …
n = number of data values
Median
Place data in ascending order.
Standard Deviation If n is odd, median = central value
If n is even, median = mean of two central values
∑(x )
√ n = number of data values

σ = standard deviation Range

xi = individual data value ( x1, x2, x3, … Range = xmax - xmin
n = number of data values xmax = maximum data value
xmin = minimum data value

Probability
Independent Events
Frequency P (A and B and C) = PAPBPC

x P (A and B and C) = probability of independent

x events A and B and C occurring in sequence
PA = probability of event A
x
x
Mutually Exclusive Events
fx = relative frequency of outcome x
nx = number of events with outcome x P (A or B) = PA + PB
n = total number of events
Px = probability of outcome x P (A or B) = probability of either mutually exclusive
fa = frequency of all events event A or B occurring in a trial
PA = probability of event A
Σxi = sum of all data values (x1, x2, x3, …
Binomial Probability (order doesn’t matter) n = number of data values

Conditional Probability
( ) ( | )
Pk = binomial probability of k successes in n trials ( | )
p = probability of a success ( ) ( | ) ( ) ( | )
q = 1 – p = probability of failure
P (A|D) = probability of event A given event D
k = number of successes P(A) = probability of event A occurring
n = number of trials P(~A) = probability of event A not occurring
P(D|~A) = probability of event D given event A did not occur

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Plane Geometry Ellipse Rectangle
2b
Circle Perimeter = 2a + 2b
2a
Area = ab

Triangle B
Parallelogram c
Area = ½ bh a h
h 2 2 2
Area = bh a = b + c – 2bc·cos∠A A
2 2 2
b = a + c – 2ac·cos∠B C b
2 2 2
b c = a + b – 2ab·cos∠C

Right Triangle Regular Polygons s

f
2 2 2
c =a +b
c
a n = number of sides
θ
b Trapezoid a
h
Area = ½(a + b)h h
h
b
Solid Geometry h

Cube
Sphere
3
s
Volume = s r
2 3
Surface Area = 6s Volume r
s s 2
Surface Area = 4 r

Rectangular Prism
Cylinder
h r
Volume = wdh
Volume = r h
2 h
Surface Area = 2(wd + wh + dh) w d 2
Surface Area = 2 r h+2 r

Right Circular Cone

h
Irregular Prism

√ r h
Volume = Ah

A = area of base
Pyramid

h Constants
2 2
A = area of base g = 9.8 m/s = 32.27 ft/s
-11 3 2
G = 6.67 x 10 m /kg·s
π = 3.14159

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Conversions

Mass Area Force Energy

2
1 kg = 2.205 lbm 1 acre = 4047 m 1N = 0.225 lbf 1J = 0.239 cal
2 -4
1 slug = 32.2 lbm = 43,560 ft 1 kip = 1,000 lbf = 9.48 x 10 Btu
2
1 ton = 2000 lbm = 0.00156 mi = 0.7376 ft·lbf
Pressure 1kW h = 3,6000,000 J

Length Volume 1 atm = 1.01325 bar

= 33.9 ft H2O
1m = 3.28 ft 1L = 0.264 gal Defined Units
3 = 29.92 in. Hg
1 km = 0.621 mi = 0.0353 ft
= 760 mm Hg
1 in. = 2.54 cm = 33.8 fl oz
3 = 101,325 Pa 1J = 1 N·m
1 mi = 5280 ft 1mL = 1 cm = 1 cc
= 14.7 psi 1N = 1 kg·m / s2
1 yd = 3 ft
1psi = 2.31 ft of H2O 1 Pa = 1 N / m2
Time
1V =1W/A
Temperature Change 1d = 24 h Power 1W =1J/s
1K = 1 ºC 1h = 60 min 1W =1V/A
1W = 3.412 Btu/h
= 1.8 ºF 1 min = 60 s 1 Hz = 1 s-1
= 0.00134 hp
= 1.8 ºR 1 yr = 365 d 1F = 1 A·s / V
= 14.34 cal/min
1H = 1 V·s / V
= 0.7376 ft·lbf/s

SI Prefixes
Numbers Less Than One Numbers Greater Than One
Power of 10 Prefix Abbreviation Power of 10 Prefix Abbreviation
10-1 deci- d 101 deca- da
10-2 centi- c 102 hecto- h
10-3 milli- m 103 kilo- k
10-6 micro- µ 106 Mega- M
10-9 nano- n 109 Giga- G
10-12 pico- p 1012 Tera- T
10-15 femto- f 1015 Peta- P
10-18 atto- a 1018 Exa- E
10-21 zepto- z 1021 Zetta- Z
10-24 yocto- y 1024 Yotta- Y

Temperature Force
Equations
F = ma
TK = T C + 273
Mass and Weight F = force
TR = T F + 460 m = mass
M = VDm
a = acceleration
W = mg
W = VDw Equations of Static Equilibrium
V = volume TK = temperature in Kelvin ΣFx = 0 ΣFy = 0 ΣMP = 0
Dm = mass density TC = temperature in Celsius
m = mass Fx = force in the x-direction
TR = temperature in Rankin Fy = force in the y-direction
Dw = weight density TF = temperature in Fahrenheit
g = acceleration due to gravity MP = moment about point P

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Equations (Continued) Electricity
Ohm’s Law
Energy: Work Fluid Mechanics V = IR

P = IV
W = work RT (series) = R1 + R2+ ··· + Rn
F = force ’L
d = distance

(Guy-L ’ L
Power Kirchhoff’s Current Law
P1V1 = P2V2 By ’ L IT = I1 + I2 + ··· + In
Q = Av or ∑

A1v1 = A2v2 Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

VT = V1 + V2 + ··· + Vn
P = power or ∑
E = energy
W = work absolute pressure = gauge pressure V = voltage
t = time + atmospheric pressure VT = total voltage
τ = torque I = current
rpm = revolutions per minute P = absolute pressure
IT = total current
F = Force
R = resistance
A = Area
RT = total resistance
Efficiency V = volume
P = power
T = absolute temperature
Q = flow rate
y v = flow velocity
Thermodynamics

Pout = useful power output ′ ∆T

Mechanics
Pin = total power input
(where acceleration = 0) ∆
Energy: Potential
(where acceleration = 0)
L

U = potential energy
m =mass L
g = acceleration due to gravity A1v1 = A2v2
h = height
v = v0 + at
Energy: Kinetic d = d0 + v0t + ½at
2
P = rate of heat transfer
2 2 Q = thermal energy
v = v0 + 2a(d – d0) A = Area of thermal conductivity
τ = dFsinθ U = coefficient of heat conductivity
K = kinetic energy (U-factor)
m = mass s = speed ∆T = change in temperature
v = velocity v = velocity
a = acceleration R = resistance to heat flow ( R-value)
Energy: Thermal X = range k = thermal conductivity
t = time v = velocity
d = distance Pnet = net power radiated
g = acceleration due to gravity = 5.6696 x 10
-8
Q = thermal energy d = distance
m = mass θ = angle e = emissivity constant
c = specific heat τ = torque T1, T2 = temperature at time 1, time 2
∆T = change in temperature F = force

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Section Properties

Moment of Inertia Rectangle Centroid

h
x x x̅ and y̅
xx
b Right Triangle Centroid

x̅ and y̅
Ixx = moment of inertia of a rectangular section
about x-x axis
Semi-circle Centroid
Complex Shapes Centroid

∑x ∑y x̅ y̅
x̅ ∑
and y̅ ∑

x̅ x
x̅ x
y̅ y
y̅ y
xi = x distance to centroid of shape i
yi = y distance to centroid of shape i
Ai = Area of shape i
Structural Analysis
Material Properties
Beam Formulas

Stress (axial) Reaction B

L
Moment x (at point of load)
L
Deflection x (at point of load)
= stress L
F = axial force Reaction B
A = cross-sectional area L
Moment x (at center)
L
Strain (axial) Deflection x (at center)
Reaction B
L Moment x (between loads)
= strain Deflection x ( L - ) (at center)
L0 = original length
δ = change in length Reaction and B
L L
Moment x (at Point of Load)
L
Modulus of Elasticity Deflection ( )√ ( )

( )
(at √ )

( Deformation: Axial Truss Analysis

L 2J = M + R
E = modulus of elasticity δ
= stress J = number of joints
= strain δ = deformation M =number of members
A = cross-sectional area F = axial force R = number of reaction forces
F = axial force L0 = original length
δ = deformation A = cross-sectional area
E = modulus of elasticity

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Simple Machines
Inclined Plane

Mechanical Advantage (MA)

L

y ( )
Wedge
IMA = Ideal Mechanical Advantage
AMA = Actual Mechanical Advantage
DE = Effort Distance DR = Resistance Distance L
FE = Effort Force FR = Resistance Force

Lever
Screw
1st
Class IMA =

Pitch =
2nd C = Circumference
Class r = radius
Pitch = distance between
threads
TPI = Threads Per Inch
3rd
Class Compound Machines

MATOTAL = (MA1) (MA2) (MA3) . . .

Wheel and Axle Gears; Sprockets with Chains; and Pulleys with
Belts Ratios

Effort at Axle
( )

Compound Gears

B
Effort at Wheel GRTOTAL = ( )( )

GR = Gear Ratio
in = Angular Velocity - driver
Pulley Systems out = Angular Velocity - driven
Nin = Number of Teeth - driver
IMA = Total number of strands of a single string Nout = Number of Teeth - driven
supporting the resistance din = Diameter - driver
dout = Diameter - driven
in = Torque - driver
IMA =
out = Torque - driven

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Structural Design

Steel Beam Design: Shear Steel Beam Design: Moment Spread Footing Design
qnet = qallowable - pfooting

Vn = 0.6FyAw Mn = FyZx

Va = allowable shear strength Ma = allowable bending moment

Vn = nominal shear strength Mn = nominal moment strength qnet = net allowable soil
Ωv = 1.5 = factor of safety for shear Ωb = 1.67 = factor of safety for bearing pressure
Fy = yield stress bending moment qallowable = total allowable soil
Aw = area of web Fy = yield stress bearing pressure
Zx = plastic section modulus about pfooting = soil bearing pressure
neutral axis due to footing weight
Storm Water Runoff tfooting = thickness of footing
q = soil bearing pressure
Rational Method Runoff Coefficients P = column load applied
Storm Water Drainage Categorized by Surface A = area of footing
Q = CfCiA Forested 0.059—0.2
Asphalt 0.7—0.95
Brick 0.7—0.85
Concrete 0.8—0.95
3
Q = peak storm water runoff rate (ft /s) Shingle roof 0.75—0.95
Cf = runoff coefficient adjustment Lawns, well drained (sandy soil)
factor Up to 2% slope 0.05—0.1
C = runoff coefficient 2% to 7% slope 0.10—0.15
i = rainfall intensity (in./h) Over 7% slope 0.15—0.2
A = drainage area (acres) Lawns, poor drainage (clay soil)
Up to 2% slope 0.13—0.17
Runoff Coefficient 2% to 7% slope 0.18—0.22
Adjustment Factor Over 7% slope 0.25—0.35
Return Driveways, 0.75—0.85
Period Cf walkways Categorized by Use
1, 2, 5, 10 1.0 Farmland 0.05—0.3
25 1.1 Pasture 0.05—0.3
50 1.2 Unimproved 0.1—0.3
100 1.25
Parks 0.1—0.25
Cemeteries 0.1—0.25
Water Supply Railroad yard 0.2—0.40
Playgrounds 0.2—0.35
(except asphalt or Districts
Business
Hazen-Williams Formula concrete)
Neighborhood 0.5—0.7
L City (downtown) 0.7—0.95
Residential
Single-family 0.3—0.5
hf = head loss due to friction (ft of H2O) Multi-plexes, 0.4—0.6
L = length of pipe (ft) detached
Multi-plexes, 0.6—0.75
Q = water flow rate (gpm)
attached
Suburban 0.25—0.4
C = Hazen-Williams constant
d = diameter of pipe (in.) Apartments, 0.5—0.7
condominiumsIndustrial
Light 0.5—0.8
Dynamic Head Heavy 0.6—0.9
dynamic head = static head – head loss

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 Hazen-Williams Constants

Equivalent Length of (Generic) Fittings

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00
 555 Timer Design Equations

T = 0.693 (RA + 2RB)C

B
y y
B

T = period
f = frequency
RA = resistance A
RB = resistance B
C = capacitance

Boolean Algebra

Boolean Theorems Commutative Law Consensus Theorems

X• 0 = 0 X•Y = Y•X ̅

X•1 = X X+Y = Y+X ̅ ̅ ̅

X• X =X ̅ ̅̅̅̅
Associative Law
̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅
X(YZ) = (XY)Z
X+0=X
X + (Y + Z) = (X + Y) + Z
X+1=1 DeMorgan’s Theorems
X+X=X Distributive Law ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅ ̅
̅ X(Y+Z) = XY + XZ ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ ̅ •̅
̿ (X+Y)(W+Z) = XW+XZ+YW+YZ

Speeds and Feeds

( )

fm = ft·nt·N
Plunge Rate = ½·fm
N = spindle speed (rpm)
CS = cutting speed (in./min)
d = diameter (in.)
fm = feed rate (in./min)
ft = feed (in./tooth)
nt = number of teeth

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Aerospace Equations Propulsion Orbital Mechanics
( )
Forces of Flight
√

√ √
FN = net thrust
L W = air mass flow
L vo = flight velocity
vj = jet velocity
= eccentricity
I = total impulse
b = semi-minor axis
Fave = average thrust force
a =semi-major axis
CL = coefficient of lift t = change in time (thrust
T = orbital period
CD = coefficient of drag duration)
a = semi-major axis
L = lift Fnet = net force
gravitational parameter
D = drag Favg = average force
F = force of gravity between two
A = wing area Fg = force of gravity bodies
density vf = final velocity G = universal gravitation constant
Re = Reynolds number a = acceleration M =mass of central body
v = velocity t = change in time (thrust m = mass of orbiting object
l = length of fluid travel duration) r = distance between center of two
= fluid viscosity
objects
F = force NOTE: Fave and Favg are
m = mass
g = acceleration due to gravity easily confused.
Ber oulli’s L w
M = moment
d = moment arm (distance from Energy
datum perpendicular to F) ( ) ( )

PS = static pressure
v = velocity
y

Atmosphere Parameters
K = kinetic energy
m =mass
v = velocity ( )
U = gravitational potential energy [ ]
G = universal gravitation constant
M =mass of central body
m = mass of orbiting object ( )
R = Distance center main body to
center of orbiting object T = temperature
E = Total Energy of an orbit h = height
p = pressure
density

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 LIST OF DRAWINGS FOR BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS
a. Site Layout
b. Floor Plans
c. Sections
d. 2D & 3D Elevations
e. Joinery details
f. Interior details
g. Finishing specifications

STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS
a. Foundation Layout
b. Footing details / Pile details
c. Plinth Beam layout & Details
d. Column Details
e. Lift Pit / Wall details
f. Floor Beam Layouts
g. Longitudinal Sections & Cross Sections of Beams
h. Floor Slab layout & Reinforcement details
i. Head Room Details
j. Overhead & Sump RC details
k. Misc Standard construction details
l. Basic Technical Specifications

MEP DRAWINGS
a. Plumbing drawings
b. Rainwater harvesting details
c. Floor wise electrical conduit layout
d. SLD
e. Solar Panel details

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 IMPORTANCE OF SOIL TESTING

All construction projects are made on the soil. The soil has to take the weight
of the structures. The soil testing before construction is first step and
important step for many reputed construction companies.

Soil testing is primarily done to test the bearing capacity of the soil. It also
shows the physical and chemical composition of the soil. These
characteristics may vary from layer to layer of the same soil. The
characteristics of the soil can change within small area due to weather, climate
change and the management of the site can also change the bearing capacity
of the soil. The soil must be able to withstand the weight of the building
otherwise the loss to property and life can occur. The soil investigations or
analysis determines not only the bearing capacity of the soil, but it also rate of
settlement of the soil. This rate determines the rate of the structure
stabilization on the soil.

The soil must be able to withstand the weight of the building otherwise the
loss to property and life can occur. The soil investigations or analysis
determines not only the bearing capacity of the soil, but it also rate of
settlement of the soil. This rate determines the rate of the structure
stabilization on the soil.

The soil testing also determines the length and depth of the pillars put in the
soil to lay the foundation of the building. The selection of suitable
construction technique and knowing the possible foundation problems all
are based on the results of the soil testing. The water table level of the soil can
be known only from the soil testing. The level of water table shows the likely
problem to the foundation of the building and level of humidity within the
foundation. The choice of construction material may also be affected by the
chemical and mineral component of the soil. If analysis of the soil reveals that
it contains sulphur, then the sulphur resisting cement is used to protect the
foundation of the buildings.

Understanding Geotechnical investigation of the soil helps to take better

decisions leading to the success of the construction project. The height of the
building and the use of materials are decided by the engineers on the basis of
soil testing reports. The information then leads to strong and durable
structures. The structure engineers can also decide whether there is need to
go for soil stabilization or increase the depth of foundation for better stability
of the building. The cost involved in the soil testing is just fraction of the
construction cost of the structure.
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Whether the soil is sand, clay, gravel, silt or loom soil, the soil testing must be
the first step of the construction of a building or any structure. Without soil
testing, the building is exposed to the hidden dangers and all unknown
weakness of the soil.

SOIL TESTS FOR SHALLOW AND RAFT FOUNDATIONS

Soil test is required to determine the safe bearing capacity of shallow

foundations and raft foundations are discussed here. These tests are as per IS
6403 – 1981.

Apart from ascertaining the highest level ever reached by the groundwater
table and tests for classification of soil as per IS 1498 – 1970 based on grain
size analysis as per IS 2720 (Part –IV)– 1985, index properties of soil as per IS
2720 (Part-V) – 1985, the following tests are required to determine safe
bearing capacity based on shear strength consideration:

1. Standard penetration test as per IS 2131 – 1991 for coarse grained / fine
grained cohesion less soils with semi-pervious clayey soils (i.e. soils with
clay upto 30%).

2. Direct shear test (controlled strain) as per IS 2720 (Part – 13) – 1986.
Consolidated undrained tests for cohesive and for soils and consolidated
drained tests for cohesion less soils. The results may be compared with
standard penetration test / static cone penetration test results.
Since there is escape of pore water during box shear, partial drainage vitiates
the consolidated undrained test. Hence this test is not exact for semi-pervious
soils such as clayey sands / silts (i.e. with clay more than 15% but less than
30%). For such soils, triaxial tests are required if shear strength is critical
criterion.

3. Static cone penetration test as per IS 4968 (Part -3) – 1976 for foundations
on non-stiff clayey soils such as fine grained soils (i.e. more than 50% passing
through 75 micron sieve). In fine and medium coarse sands such tests are
done for correlation with standard penetration test and to indicate soil
profiles at intermediate points.

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4. Unconfined compressive strength test as per IS 2720 (Part-10) – 1973 for
highly cohesive clays except soft / sensitive clays.
5. Vane shear tests for impervious clayey soils except stiff or fissured clays.
6. Triaxial shear tests for predominantly cohesive soils. If shear strength is
likely to be critical.

Soil Tests for Shallow Foundations :

Tests required to determine allowable bearing pressure for shallow
foundations on settlement consideration :
. Standard penetration test as stated above.
2. Consolidation test as per IS 2720 (Part-15) if the settlement of clayey layer
/layers calculated on the basis of liquid limit and in-situ void ratio indicates
that settlement may be critical. Consolidation test is not required if the
superimposed load on foundation soil is likely to be less than pre-
consolidation pressure (assessed from liquidity index and sensitivity or from
un-confined compressive strength and plasticity index).
3. Plate load tests as per IS 1888 – 1982 for cohesion less soils and soils
where neither standard penetration test or consolidation test is appropriate
such as for fissured clay / rock, clay with boulders etc..

Soil Tests Required for Raft Foundations

(As per Para 3 of IS 2950 (Part-1) – 1981.

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Apart from other tests for shallow foundations, the following soil tests are
required especially for raft foundations:
1. Static cone penetration test as per IS 4968 (Part-3) – 1976 for cohesion less
soils to determine modulus of elasticity as per IS 1888 – 1982.
2. Standard penetration test as per IS 2131 – 1981 for cohesion less soils and
soils to determine modulus of sub-grade reaction.
3. Unconfined compressive strength test as per 2720 (Part -10) – 1973 for
saturated but no pre-consolidated cohesive soil to determine modulus of
sub-grade reaction.
4. As specified in IS 2950 (Part -1) – 1981¸plate load test as per IS 1888 – 1982
where tests at Sl. No. – 1 to 3 above is not appropriate such as for fissured clays
/ clay boulders.
5. In case of deep basements in pervious soils, permeability is determined
from pumping test. This is required to analyze stability of deep excavation and
to design appropriate dewatering system.

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 LABOUR AND MATERIAL CONSTANTS (IS 10067-1982) NORTH ZONE

Recommended labour out put constants for building work:

Recomm
S.no ended
Description of work Unit Labour Remarks.
. constant
in days.
1) Excavation over areas (hard/dense M3 Mate 0.06 _
soil),depth up to 1.5m and removal Mazdoor 0.62 _
(up to one meter from edge)
2) Excavation in trenches (soft/ loose M3 Mate 0.05 _

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soil),for foundations not exceeding Mazdoor 0.50 _
1.5m in width and for
shafts,wells,cesspits and the like,
not exceeding 10m3 and on plan,
depth up to 1.5m and removal(up to
one meter away from edge)

3) Returning, filling and ramming of M3 Mate 0.02 _

excavated earth in layers not Mazdoor 0.25 _
ESTIMATATION & COSTING

exceeding 20 cm in Bhisti 0.02 _

depth,watering,well ramming and
leveling, lead up to 50m
4) Concrete : M3 Mazdoor 0.50 _
Mixing by machine (mixer) at Bhisti 0.10 _

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 banker, cement concrete (with Mixer 0.07 _
20mm graded coarse aggregate) operator 0.07 _
Mixer

5) Mixer mixed cement concrete M3 mason 0.10 _

mazdoor 1.63 _
bhisti 0.70 _
mixer 0.07 _
operator 0.07 _
mixer 0.07 _
vibrator

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6) Reinforced cement concrete in situ M3 mason 0.17 The constants
in foundations,footings,bases for mazdoor 2.00 for items include
columns,etc excluding form work bhisti 0.90 mixing, pouring,
and reinforcement mixer 0.07 consolidating
operator 0.07 and curing. This
mixer 0.07 does not include
vibrator fair finish.

7) Reinforced cement concrete in situ M3 mason 0.24 _

in suspended floors/roofs excluding mazdoor 2.50 _
form work, and reinforcement. bhisti 0.90 _
mixer 0.07 _
operator 0.07 _
mixer 0.07 _

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 vibrator

8) Mortars : M3 Mazdoor 0.75 Labour required

Mixing by hand, cement mortar of Bhisti 0.07 will be
any mix/proportions approximately
same for
different mix
proportions.
9) Brick work (straight walls) : M3 mason 0.94 The constants
Brick work in walls exceeding one mazdoor 1.80 include labour
brick thick, in cement / lime mortar bhisti 0.20 involved in

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scaffolding.
10) Brick work in walls, one brick thick, M2 mason 0.25 The constants
in cement/lime mortar mazdoor 0.40 could be
bhisti 0.10 adopted for brick
work with any
mix or mortar.
11) Form work : Carpenter 0.25 _
a) fabrication and erection Mazdoor 0.20 _
with all supports, struts, Carpenter 0.23 _
braces, etc, and dressing Mazdoor 0.20 _
with oil as cleaning of Carpenter 0.30 _
formwork : Mazdoor 0.20 _
1) rectangular column and M3
walls M2

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 A Ready Reckoner For Quantity Surveyors 60
2) suspended floors/roofs M2
3) sides and soffits of beam
12) Reinforcement: Quintal Bar bender 1.00 _
Bar reinforcement including cutting Mazdoor 1.00 _
to length, hooked ends, cranking or
bending, hoisting and placing in any
position, binding wire and holding
firmly so as not to be disturbed
while placing and ramming of
concrete

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13) Plastering and pointing : mason 0.08 _
a) 15mm thick cement plaster to M2 mazdoor 0.10 _
ceiling including mixing of mortar. bhisti 0.10 _
M2 _
b) 15mm thick cement plaster on mason 0.06 _
brick walls (exterior) including mazdoor 0.10 _
mixing of mortar M2 bhisti 0.10
_
c) tuck pointing to random rubble mason 0.10 _
masonry in cement mortar mazdoor 0.15 _
including mixing mortar. bhisti 0.10
14) Damping proof course : M3 mason 0.10 _
a) Laying damp proof course 40mm thick mazdoor 0.10 _
cement concrete including form work and bhisti 0.01 _
fair finishing to edges and mixing.

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 A Ready Reckoner For Quantity Surveyors 61
Material constants in mortars:
s.no. Item(mix by volume) Constants per m3 of mortar
Slaked
Cement Surkhi Sand
Lime
(bags) 3 M3 M3
M
Cement mortar 1:4
1 (1 cement : 4 sand) 6.79 _ _ 0.9
Cement mortar 1:6
2 (1 cement : 6 sand) 4.65 _ _ 0.99

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composite mortar 1:1:6
3 (1 cement: 1 lime : 6 sand) 4.48 0.16 _ 0.96

Material constants in concrete:

s.no. Item (mix by volume) Fineness Size of course Constants per M3 of
modulus (normal gauge) mortar
Fine Coarse Cement Sand Shingle
agg. agg (bags) M3 M3
1. Cement concrete 1:1.5:3 (1 2.87 6.5 20mm 7.33 0.39 078
cement : 1.5 sand :3 shingle)
2. Cement concrete 1:3:6 2.87 6.5 40mm 4.05 0.43 0.86
(`1cement : 3sand :6shingle)
3. Cement concrete 1:4:8 (1 1.26 6.9 40mm 3.2 0.45 0.90
cement : 4 sand :8 shingle)

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 A Ready Reckoner For Quantity Surveyors 62

Material constants for Brick work with modular bricks :

Sl Description of item Constants per m3 Frog down
no Frog up
No of Cement Fine sand No of Cement Fine sand
bricks (bags) M3 bricks (bags) M3
1 Brick work on cement 5.17 1.41 0.200 517 1.26 0.178
mortar 1:4 (1 cement :4
sand)
2 Brick work on cement 517 0.96 0.204 517 0.87 0.182
mortar 1:6 (1 cement :6

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sand)
3 Half brick masonry in 506 1.08 0.153 506 0.94 0.133
cement 1:4 (1 cement :4
sand)
Material constants for cement concrete flooring
Sno Description of item Constants for 10 M2
Cement (bags) Sand (coarse) M3 Coarse aggregate M2
1 75 mm thick cement concrete 4.81 0.31 0.62
flooring 1: 2:4 (1 cement : 2 sand :4
Shingle20 mm nominal gauge)
finished with a floating coat of neat
cement
2 40 mm thick cement concrete 2.80 0.164 0.328
flooring 1: 2:4 (1 cement : 2 sand :4
Shingle20 mm nominal gauge)
finished with a floating coat of neat

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 A Ready Reckoner For Quantity Surveyors 63
cement

Material constants for plastering

Sl no Description of item Constants for 10 M2
On traditional brick work On modular brick work
Cement bags Sand (fine) M3 Cement bags Sand (fine) M3
1 12 mm cement plaster 1:4
(1 cement : 4 sand) 0.98 0.138 0.95 0.134
2 12 mm cement plaster 1:6

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(1 cement : 6 sand) 0.67 0.143 0.78 0.139
3 20 mm cement plaster 1:4
1.53 0.217 1.51 0.213
(1 cement : 4 sand)
4 20 mm cement plaster 1:6
(1 cement : 6 sand) 1.05 0.224 1.03 0.220

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 MINIMUM ROOM SIZES
Size standards for rooms
Minimum heights and size standards for rooms ensures that there is good
ventilation, lights and comfortable living inside the room. Height and size
standards for rooms vary from one country to another and are mostly based
on the preference of clients to meet their demand.

Height Regulation for Rooms

1. Habitable Rooms
Ÿ The minimum height from the surface of the floor to the ceiling or bottom
of slab should be not less than 2.75m.
Ÿ For air-conditioned rooms, a height of not less than 2.4 m measured from
the top of the floor to the lowest point of the air-conditioning duct or the
false ceiling should be provided.
Ÿ According to Ontario Building Code (OBC), 2.3 m over at least 75% of the
required floor area with a clear height of at least 2.1 m at any point over the
required area
2. Bedroom Height Restrictions
Ÿ As per OBC, the bedroom height should be 2.3 m over at least 50% of the
required floor area.
Ÿ Alternatively, 2.1 m over 100% of the required floor area
Ÿ Any part of the floor area having a height of less than 1.4 m shall not count
when calculating required floor area
3. Bathrooms, water closets and stores
Ÿ The height of all such rooms measured from the floor in the ceiling should
not be less than 2.4m.
Ÿ In the case of a passage under the landing, the minimum headway may be
kept as 2.2m.
Ÿ According to OBC, bathroom minimum height of 2.1 m in any area where a
person would be in a standing position
4. Kitchen
Ÿ The height of the kitchen measured from the floor to the lowest point in
the ceiling should not be less than 2.75m except for the portion to
accommodate floor trap of the floor.
Ÿ However, according to OBC, kitchen height should be 2.3 m over at least 75%
of the required floor area with a clear height of at least 2.1 m at any point over
the required area.
5. Ledge
It shall have a minimum head room of 2.2m.

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6. Hallways
Minimum height should be 2.1 m

Minimum Standard Sizes of Rooms

1. Habitable Rooms
Ÿ The area of habitable rooms should not be less than 9.5m2 where there is
only one room. However, such rooms shall have at least 13.5m2 of floor
area and no dimension less than 3.0 m as per Ontario Building Code (OBC).
Ÿ Where there are two rooms, one of these should not be less than 9.5 m2
and other be not less than 7.5 m2 with a minimum width of 2.4m.
Ÿ Natural ventilation shall be provided.

2. Dining room
Ÿ It should have a floor area not less than 9.5m2 with a minimum width of
2.4m.
Ÿ According to OBC, dining room shall have at least 3.25 m2 of floor space
when combined with other
rooms, and at least 7.0m2 of
area when not combined.
Ÿ Minimum dimension of 2.3 m.
Ÿ Dining rooms vary greatly in
size. It should be ensured that
furniture is accommodated.
Ÿ Natural ventilation shall be
provided.

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3. Primary Bedrooms
Ÿ One bedroom shall have at least 9.8m2 of floor area
Ÿ Minimum dimension should be 2.7 m
Ÿ Natural ventilation must be provided

4. Secondary Bedrooms
Ÿ It shall have at least 7m2 of floor area
Ÿ Minimum dimension is 2.0 m

5. Kitchen
Ÿ Minimum floor area required is not less than 5.5 m2. But OBC specify that
kitchen room shall have at least 4.2m2 of floor area
Ÿ It should not be less than 1.8min width at any
part. With a separate storeroom, the area may
be reduced to 4.5m2.
Ÿ Mechanical ventilation must be provided
(exhaust fan).
Ÿ Ensure that appliances can all open without
interfering with one another, and that
standing space is provided.

6. Bathrooms and water closets

Ÿ The size of bathroom should not be less than 1.5m x 1.2m or 1.8 m2.
Ÿ If it is combined with water closet, its floor area should not be less than 2.8 m2.
Ÿ The minimum floor area of a water closet should be 1.1 m2.

7. Ledge
Ÿ A ledge in a habitable room shall not cover more than 25% of the floor area
of the floor on which it is constructed
Ÿ It should not interfere with the ventilation of the room under any
circumstances.

8. Hallways
Hallways shall have a width of at least 860 mm except where the overall width
of the building is less than 4.3 m, and this may be reduced to 710 mm

9. Mezzanine floor
The minimum size of a mezzanine floor, if it is used as a living room, should
not be less than 9.5m2.

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