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SQL Functions

The document discusses SQL functions for data analysis, describing aggregate functions like COUNT(), SUM(), AVG(), MIN(), MAX(), and GROUP BY() to operate on columns of data. It also covers string functions such as CONCAT(), UPPER(), LOWER(), LENGTH(), TRIM(), SUBSTRING(), REPLACE(), and date functions including GETDATE(), DATEPART(), DATEADD(), DATEDIFF(), and YEAR() to manipulate and extract information from dates.

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kumar sribhadra
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6 views

SQL Functions

The document discusses SQL functions for data analysis, describing aggregate functions like COUNT(), SUM(), AVG(), MIN(), MAX(), and GROUP BY() to operate on columns of data. It also covers string functions such as CONCAT(), UPPER(), LOWER(), LENGTH(), TRIM(), SUBSTRING(), REPLACE(), and date functions including GETDATE(), DATEPART(), DATEADD(), DATEDIFF(), and YEAR() to manipulate and extract information from dates.

Uploaded by

kumar sribhadra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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01

SQL Functions
For Data Analysis

Start
02

Aggregate functions

1. COUNT ()
This particular function provides the number of rows
within a table or the number of non-null values present
in a column.

SELECT COUNT(column_name) FROM table_name;

2. SUM ()
This function returns the sum of all values in a numeric
column.

SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name;

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3. AVG ()
This function returns the average of all values in a
numeric column.

SELECT AVG(column_name) FROM table_name;

4. MIN ()
This function returns the minimum value in a column.

SELECT MIN(column_name) FROM table_name;

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5. MAX ()
This function returns the maximum value in a column.

SELECT MAX(column_name) FROM table_name;

6. GROUP BY ()
This function groups the rows in a table based on the
values in one or more columns and performs aggregate
functions on each group.

SELECT COUNT(column_name),
SUM(column_name),MIN(column_name),
MAX(column_name)
FROM table_name GROUP BY colunm_name;

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05

String functions

7. CONCAT ()
This function is used to concatenate two or more strings
together.

SELECT CONCAT(string_1,string_2) FROM table_name;

8. UPPER ()
This function is used to convert all characters in a string
to uppercase;

SELECT UPPER(string) FROM table_name;

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9. LOWER ()
This function is used to convert all characters in a string
to lowercase.

SELECT LOWER(string) FROM table_name;

10. LENGTH ()
This function is used to return the length of a string.

SELECT LENGTH(string) FROM table_name;

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11. TRIM ()
This function is used to remove leading or trailing spaces
from a string.

SELECT TRIM(string) FROM table_name;

12. SUBSTRING ()
This function is used to extract a substring from a larger
string.

SELECT SUBSTRING(string_start,string_position,
length) FROM table_name;

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13. REPLACE ()
This function is used to replace a string within a string
with a different substring.

SELECT REPLACE(string,target_string,new_string)
FROM table_name;

Date functions

14. GETDATE ()
This function returns the current date and time.

SELECT GETDATE() FROM table_name;

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15. DATEPART ()
This function is used to extract a specifit part of a date,
such as year, month or day.

SELECT DATEPART(target_part,date)
FROM table_name;

16. DATEADD ()
This function is used to add a specific number of units to
a date or time value.

SELECT DATEADD(unit,value,date)
FROM table_name;

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17. DATEDIFF ()
This function is used to calculate the difference between
two dates or time values.

SELECT DATEDIFF(unit,star_date,end_date)
FROM table_name;

18. YEAR ()
This function is used to extract the year from a date
value.

SELECT YEAR(date) FROM table_name;

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